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Schrader M, Schrinner K, Polomsky L, Ivanov D, Kampen I, Schilde C, Krull R, Kwade A. Quantification and modeling of macroparticle-induced mechanical stress for varying shake flask cultivation conditions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1254136. [PMID: 37731767 PMCID: PMC10507416 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1254136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In biotechnological processes, filamentous microorganisms are known for their broad product spectrum and complex cellular morphology. Product formation and cellular morphology are often closely linked, requiring a well-defined level of mechanical stress to achieve high product concentrations. Macroparticles were added to shake flask cultures of the filamentous actinomycete Lentzea aerocolonigenes to find these optimal cultivation conditions. However, there is currently no model concept for the dependence of the strength and frequency of the bead-induced stress on the process parameters. Therefore, shake flask simulations were performed for combinations of bead size, bead concentration, bead density and shaking frequency. Contact analysis showed that the highest shear stresses were caused by bead-bottom contacts. Based on this, a newly generated characteristic parameter, the stress area ratio (SAR), was defined, which relates the bead wall shear and normal stresses to the total shear area. Comparison of the SAR with previous cultivation results revealed an optimum pattern for product concentration and mean product-to-biomass related yield coefficient. Thus, this model is a suitable tool for future optimization, comparison and scaling up of shear-sensitive microorganism cultivation. Finally, the simulation results were validated using high-speed recordings of the bead motion on the bottom of the shake flask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schrader
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schrinner
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Polomsky
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dimitri Ivanov
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Kampen
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carsten Schilde
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Arno Kwade
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Kreyenschulte D, Heyman B, Eggert A, Maßmann T, Kalvelage C, Kossack R, Regestein L, Jupke A, Büchs J. In situ reactive extraction of itaconic acid during fermentation of Aspergillus terreus. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Brito-Bazan M, Cuervo-Amaya DH, Corkidi G, Galindo E. Air and oil dispersions in a four-phase fermentation model, studied under varying physicochemical conditions and retrofitted constant gassed power input. Chem Eng Res Des 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kreyenschulte D, Emde F, Regestein L, Büchs J. Computational minimization of the specific energy demand of large-scale aerobic fermentation processes based on small-scale data. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Daub A, Böhm M, Delueg S, Mühlmann M, Schneider G, Büchs J. Characterization of hydromechanical stress in aerated stirred tanks up to 40 m(3) scale by measurement of maximum stable drop size. J Biol Eng 2014; 8:17. [PMID: 25067953 PMCID: PMC4099098 DOI: 10.1186/1754-1611-8-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Turbulence intensity, or hydromechanical stress, is a parameter that influences a broad range of processes in the fields of chemical engineering and biotechnology. Fermentation processes are often characterized by high agitation and aeration intensity resulting in high gas void fractions of up to 20% in large scale reactors. Very little experimental data on hydromechanical stress for such operating conditions exists because of the problems associated with measuring hydromechanical stress under aeration and intense agitation. RESULTS An indirect method to quantify hydromechanical stress for aerated operating conditions by the measurement of maximum stable drop size in a break-up controlled dispersion was applied to characterize hydromechanical stress in reactor scales of 50 L, 3 m(3) and 40 m(3) volume with a broad range of operating conditions and impeller geometries (Rushton turbines). Results for impellers within each scale for the ratio of maximum to specific energy dissipation rate ϕ based on measured values of maximum stable drop size for aerated operating conditions are qualitatively in agreement with results from literature correlations for unaerated operating conditions. Comparison of data in the different scales shows that there is a scale effect that results in higher values for ϕ in larger reactors. This behavior is not covered by the classic theory of turbulent drop dispersion but is in good agreement with the theory of turbulence intermittency. The data for all impeller configurations and all aeration rates for the three scales can be correlated within ±20% when calculated values for ϕ based on the measured values for dmax are used to calculate the maximum local energy dissipation rate. A correlation of the data for all scales and all impeller configurations in the form ϕ = 2.3∙(ϕunaerated)(0.34)∙(DR)(0.543) is suggested that successfully models the influence of scale and impeller geometry on ϕ for aerated operating conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results show that besides the impeller geometry, also aeration and scale strongly influence hydromechanical stress. Incorporating these effects is beneficial for a successful scale up or scale down of this parameter. This can be done by applying the suggested correlation or by measuring hydromechanical stress with the experimental method used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daub
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Marina Böhm
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Stefanie Delueg
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Markus Mühlmann
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schneider
- Sandoz GmbH, Anti-Infectives Operations Development, Biochemiestraße 10, Kundl A-6250, Austria
| | - Jochen Büchs
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
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