1
|
Abdi Dezfouli R, Esmaeilidezfouli E. Optimizing laccase selection for enhanced outcomes: a comprehensive review. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:165. [PMID: 38817737 PMCID: PMC11133268 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite their widespread applications in sectors such as pulp and paper, textile, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and biofuel production, laccases encounter challenges related to their activity and stability under varying reaction conditions. This review accumulates data on the complex interplay between laccase characteristics and reaction conditions for maximizing their efficacy in diverse biotechnological processes. Benefits of organic media such as improved substrate selectivity and reaction control, and their risks such as enzyme denaturation and reduced activity are reported. Additionally, the effect of reaction conditions such as pH and temperature on laccase activity and stability are gathered and reported. Sources like Bacillus pumilus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus clausii, and Bacillus tequilensis SN4 are producing laccases that are both thermo-active and alkali-active. Additionally, changes induced by the presence of various substances within reaction media such as metals, inhibitors, and organic solvents are also reported. Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus licheniformis LS04 produce the most resistant laccases in this case. Finally, the remarkable laccases have been highlighted and the proper laccase source for each industrial application is suggested. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04015-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Abdi Dezfouli
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1411413137, Iran
| | - Ensieh Esmaeilidezfouli
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd El-Latif AS, Zohri ANA, El-Aref HM, Mahmoud GAE. Kinetic studies on optimized extracellular laccase from Trichoderma harzianum PP389612 and its capabilities for azo dye removal. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:150. [PMID: 38790055 PMCID: PMC11127416 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azo dyes represent a common textile dye preferred for its high stability on fabrics in various harsh conditions. Although these dyes pose high-risk levels for all biological forms, fungal laccase is known as a green catalyst for its ability to oxidize numerous dyes. METHODS Trichoderma isolates were identified and tested for laccase production. Laccase production was optimized using Plackett-Burman Design. Laccase molecular weight and the kinetic properties of the enzyme, including Km and Vmax, pH, temperature, and ionic strength, were detected. Azo dye removal efficiency by laccase enzyme was detected for Congo red, methylene blue, and methyl orange. RESULTS Eight out of nine Trichoderma isolates were laccase producers. Laccase production efficiency was optimized by the superior strain T. harzianum PP389612, increasing production from 1.6 to 2.89 U/ml. In SDS-PAGE, purified laccases appear as a single protein band with a molecular weight of 41.00 kDa. Km and Vmax values were 146.12 μmol guaiacol and 3.82 μmol guaiacol/min. Its activity was stable in the pH range of 5-7, with an optimum temperature range of 40 to 50 °C, optimum ionic strength of 50 mM NaCl, and thermostability properties up to 90 °C. The decolorization efficiency of laccase was increased by increasing the time and reached its maximum after 72 h. The highest efficiency was achieved in Congo red decolorization, which reached 99% after 72 h, followed by methylene blue at 72%, while methyl orange decolorization efficiency was 68.5%. CONCLUSION Trichoderma laccase can be used as an effective natural bio-agent for dye removal because it is stable and removes colors very well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdel-Naser A Zohri
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, P.O. 71516, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hamdy M El-Aref
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amaro Bittencourt G, Vandenberghe LPDS, Martínez-Burgos WJ, Valladares-Diestra KK, Murawski de Mello AF, Maske BL, Brar SK, Varjani S, de Melo Pereira GV, Soccol CR. Emerging contaminants bioremediation by enzyme and nanozyme-based processes - A review. iScience 2023; 26:106785. [PMID: 37250780 PMCID: PMC10209495 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their widespread occurrence and the inadequate removal efficiencies by conventional wastewater treatment plants, emerging contaminants (ECs) have recently become an issue of great concern. Current ongoing studies have focused on different physical, chemical, and biological methods as strategies to avoid exposing ecosystems to significant long-term risks. Among the different proposed technologies, the enzyme-based processes rise as green biocatalysts with higher efficiency yields and lower generation of toxic by-products. Oxidoreductases and hydrolases are among the most prominent enzymes applied for bioremediation processes. The present work overviews the state of the art of recent advances in enzymatic processes during wastewater treatment of EC, focusing on recent innovations in terms of applied immobilization techniques, genetic engineering tools, and the advent of nanozymes. Future trends in the enzymes immobilization techniques for EC removal were highlighted. Research gaps and recommendations on methods and utility of enzymatic treatment incorporation in conventional wastewater treatment plants were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Amaro Bittencourt
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Walter José Martínez-Burgos
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Kim Kley Valladares-Diestra
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Ariane Fátima Murawski de Mello
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Bruna Leal Maske
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | | | - Sunita Varjani
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248 007, India
| | - Gilberto Vinicius de Melo Pereira
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Narayanan M, Ali SS, El-Sheekh M. A comprehensive review on the potential of microbial enzymes in multipollutant bioremediation: Mechanisms, challenges, and future prospects. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 334:117532. [PMID: 36801803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization and other human activity represent significant environmental hazards. Toxic contaminants can harm a comprehensive platform of living organisms in their particular environments. Bioremediation is an effective remediation process in which harmful pollutants are eliminated from the environment using microorganisms or their enzymes. Microorganisms in the environment often create a variety of enzymes that can eliminate hazardous contaminants by using them as a substrate for development and growth. Through their catalytic reaction mechanism, microbial enzymes may degrade and eliminate harmful environmental pollutants and transform them into non-toxic forms. The principal types of microbial enzymes which can degrade most hazardous environmental contaminants include hydrolases, lipases, oxidoreductases, oxygenases, and laccases. Several immobilizations, genetic engineering strategies, and nanotechnology applications have been developed to improve enzyme performance and reduce pollution removal process costs. Until now, the practically applicable microbial enzymes from various microbial sources and their ability to degrade multipollutant effectively or transformation potential and mechanisms are unknown. Hence, more research and further studies are required. Additionally, there is a gap in the suitable approaches considering toxic multipollutants bioremediation using enzymatic applications. This review focused on the enzymatic elimination of harmful contaminants in the environment, such as dyes, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, plastics, heavy metals, and pesticides. Recent trends and future growth for effectively removing harmful contaminants by enzymatic degradation are also thoroughly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Division of Research and Innovations, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sameh Samir Ali
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt; Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Mostafa El-Sheekh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen S, Zhu M, Guo X, Yang B, Zhuo R. Coupling of Fenton reaction and white rot fungi for the degradation of organic pollutants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114697. [PMID: 36889210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a class of highly efficient pollution remediation technologies that produce oxidising radicals under specific conditions to degrade organic pollutants. The Fenton reaction is a commonly applied AOP. To combine the advantages of AOPs and biodegradation in the remediation of organic pollutants, some studies have developed coupled systems between Fenton AOPs and white rot fungi (WRF) for environmental organic pollutant remediation and have achieved some success. Moreover, a promising system, termed as advanced bio-oxidation processes (ABOPs), mediated by the quinone redox cycling of WRF, has attracted increasing attention in the field. In this ABOP system, the radicals and H2O2 produced through the quinone redox cycling of WRF can strengthen Fenton reaction. Meanwhile, in this process, the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ ensures the maintenance of Fenton reaction, leading to a promising application potential for the remediation of environmental organic pollutants. ABOPs combine the advantages of bioremediation and advanced oxidation remediation. Further understanding the coupling of Fenton reaction and WRF in the degradation of organic pollutants will be of great significance for the remediation of organic pollutants. Therefore, in this study, we reviewed recent remediation techniques for organic pollutants involving the coupled application of WRF and the Fenton reaction, focusing on the application of new ABOPs mediated by WRF, and discussed the reaction mechanism and conditions of ABOPs. Finally, we discussed the application prospects and future research directions of the joint application of WRF and advanced oxidation technologies for the remediation of environmental organic pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Chen
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Mingdong Zhu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Changsha 410125, PR China
| | - Xiayu Guo
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice in Sanya, Sanya 572000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, PR China
| | - Bentao Yang
- Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co., Ltd., Changsha 410205, PR China.
| | - Rui Zhuo
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Molina MA, Cazzaniga A, Milde LB, Sgroppo SC, Zapata PD, Fonseca MI. Purification and characterization of a fungal laccase expressed in Kluyveromyces lactis suitable for baking. J Food Sci 2023; 88:1365-1377. [PMID: 36789850 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Laccase enzyme can replace chemical additives to improve texture properties and the volume of bread. Laccase encoding gene from Phlebia brevispora, a native fungus from Misiones, Argentina, was expressed in the generally recognized as safe yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. To improve laccase activity, medium conditions were optimized. The use of iron sulfate at a concentration of 1 mM led to optimum laccase activity (1289 U·L-1 ) on the fourth day of incubation. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the molecular mass of purified laccase was about 180 kDa. Optimum pH for the enzyme was 4 and optimum temperature was 40°C. Laccase exhibited high stability at low pH and high temperature. The application of recombinant laccase to bread decreased hardness, gumminess, and chewiness and increased bread volume. Based on these results, recombinant laccase from P. brevispora with improved yield is a good option for application as an improver of the physicochemical quality of bread at the industrial level. Besides, it will allow us to advance toward our goal of developing healthy alternatives for the bakery industry. No previous work has been reported concerning the heterologous expression of the laccase gene native to the province of Misiones, Argentina, with an aim for application in baking. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Healthy bakeries became a trend in recent years. The use of the laccase enzyme increases the specific volume and decreases the hardness of bread, being thus an alternative for the replacement of chemical additives in the bakery industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melisa A Molina
- Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biotecnología de Misiones "Dra. Maria Ebbe Reca" (INBIOMIS). Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.,CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Amanda Cazzaniga
- Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biotecnología de Misiones "Dra. Maria Ebbe Reca" (INBIOMIS). Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.,CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura B Milde
- Departmento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (FCEQyN), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Mariano Moreno 1375, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Sonia C Sgroppo
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Química (FaCENA - IQUIBA - CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Pedro D Zapata
- Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biotecnología de Misiones "Dra. Maria Ebbe Reca" (INBIOMIS). Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.,CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria I Fonseca
- Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biotecnología de Misiones "Dra. Maria Ebbe Reca" (INBIOMIS). Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.,CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li S, Liu Q, Liu J, Sun K, Yang W, Si Y, Li Y, Gao Y. Inhibition mechanisms of Fe 2+/Fe 3+ and Mn 2+ on fungal laccase-enabled bisphenol a polyreaction. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135685. [PMID: 35842042 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is regarded as an endocrine disruptor associated with negative health effects in animals and humans. Laccase from white-rot fungus can enable BPA oxidation and auto-polymerization to circumvent its biotoxicity, but the work concerning the effect mechanisms of divalent and trivalent metal ions (MIs) on BPA polyreaction have rarely been reported. Herein, Trametes versicolor laccase-started BPA conversion within 1 h followed pseudo-first order kinetics, and the rate constant (kprcs) and half-life were respectively 0.61 h-1 and 1.14 h. The presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Al3+ exhibited insignificant impact on BPA removal, whereas Fe2+, Fe3+ and Mn2+ had a strong inhibiting effect. Compared with MI-free, the kprcs values of BPA respectively lowered 34.4%, 44.3% and 98.4% in the presence of Fe2+, Fe3+ and Mn2+. Enzymatic activity and differential absorption spectrum disclosed that the inhibitory actions were accomplished by two different mechanisms. One is Fe2+ was preferentially oxidized into Fe3+ that restrained laccase activity at the initial stage of reaction, and subsequently, the formed Fe3+ complex bound with laccase T1-Cu site and thus impeded the single-electron transfer system. The other is Mn2+ was instantly oxidized by laccase to generate Mn3+-citrate complex, which completely consumed the dissolved O2 in solution and consequently terminated BPA removal. Considering environmental bioremediation, T. versicolor laccase-enabled auto-polymerization is a simple and convenient candidate to eliminate BPA in enzymatic wastewater treatment, however the effects of Fe2+/Fe3+ and Mn2+ on BPA decontamination should be cautiously assessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunyao Li
- Laboratory of Wetland Protection and Ecological Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Laboratory of Wetland Protection and Ecological Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Youbin Si
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yucheng Li
- Laboratory of Wetland Protection and Ecological Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gou ZC, Lu MJ, Cui XY, Wang XQ, Jiang MY, Wang YS, Wang ZQ, Yu XX, Tang SS, Chen G, Su YJ. Enhanced laccase production by mutagenized Myrothecium verrucaria using corn stover as a carbon source and its potential in the degradation of 2-chlorophen. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1581-1593. [PMID: 35932338 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophenols are widely used in industry and are known environmental pollutants. The degradation of chlorophenols is important for environmental remediation. In this study, we evaluated the biodegradation of 2-chlorophenol using crude laccase produced by Myrothecium verrucaria. Atmospheric and room temperature plasma technology was used to increase laccase production. The culture conditions of the M-6 mutant were optimized. Our results showed that corn stover could replace glucose as a carbon source and promote laccase production. The maximum laccase activity of 30.08 U/mL was achieved after optimization, which was a 19.04-fold increase. The biodegradation rate of 2-chlorophenol using crude laccase was 97.13%, a positive correlation was determined between laccase activity and degradation rate. The toxicity of 2-CP was substantially reduced after degradation by laccase solution. Our findings show the feasibility of the use of corn stover in laccase production by M. verrucaria mutant and the subsequent biodegradation of 2-chlorophenol using crude laccase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Chang Gou
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Min-Jie Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Qing Wang
- College of Food Science Technology and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Mei-Yi Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Ya-Shuo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Zi-Qi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Shan-Shan Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Ying-Jie Su
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fungal Enzymes Involved in Plastics Biodegradation. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061180. [PMID: 35744698 PMCID: PMC9230134 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a growing environmental problem, in part due to the extremely stable and durable nature of this polymer. As recycling does not provide a complete solution, research has been focusing on alternative ways of degrading plastic. Fungi provide a wide array of enzymes specialized in the degradation of recalcitrant substances and are very promising candidates in the field of plastic degradation. This review examines the present literature for different fungal enzymes involved in plastic degradation, describing their characteristics, efficacy and biotechnological applications. Fungal laccases and peroxidases, generally used by fungi to degrade lignin, show good results in degrading polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), while esterases such as cutinases and lipases were successfully used to degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PUR). Good results were also obtained on PUR by fungal proteases and ureases. All these enzymes were isolated from many different fungi, from both Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes, and have shown remarkable efficiency in plastic biodegradation under laboratory conditions. Therefore, future research should focus on the interactions between the genes, proteins, metabolites and environmental conditions involved in the processes. Further steps such as the improvement in catalytic efficiency and genetic engineering could lead these enzymes to become biotechnological applications in the field of plastic degradation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Saravanan A, Kumar PS, Vo DVN, Jeevanantham S, Karishma S, Yaashikaa PR. A review on catalytic-enzyme degradation of toxic environmental pollutants: Microbial enzymes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126451. [PMID: 34174628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization and other human anthropogenic activities cause serious threats to the environment. The toxic pollutants can cause detrimental diseases on diverse living beings in their respective ecosystems. Bioremediation is one of the efficient remediation methods in which the toxic pollutants are removed from the environment by the application of microorganisms or their biologically active products (enzymes). Typically, the microorganisms in the environment produce various enzymes to immobilize and degrade the toxic environmental pollutants by utilizing them as a substrate for their growth and development. Both the bacterial and fungal enzymes can degrade the toxic pollutants present in the environment and convert them into non-toxic forms through their catalytic reaction mechanism. Hydrolases, oxidoreductases, dehalogenases, oxygenases and transferases are the major classes of microbial enzymes responsible for the degradation of most of the toxic pollutants in the environment. Recently, there are different immobilizations and genetic engineering techniques have been developed to enhance enzyme efficiency and diminish the process cost for pollutant removal. This review focused on enzymatic removal of toxic pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, plastics and pesticides in the environment. Current trends and further expansion for efficient removal of toxic pollutants through enzymatic degradation are also reviewed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai 603110, India.
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - S Jeevanantham
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai 602105, India
| | - S Karishma
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai 602105, India
| | - P R Yaashikaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ardila-Leal LD, Poutou-Piñales RA, Pedroza-Rodríguez AM, Quevedo-Hidalgo BE. A Brief History of Colour, the Environmental Impact of Synthetic Dyes and Removal by Using Laccases. Molecules 2021; 26:3813. [PMID: 34206669 PMCID: PMC8270347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of colour is fascinating from a social and artistic viewpoint because it shows the way; use; and importance acquired. The use of colours date back to the Stone Age (the first news of cave paintings); colour has contributed to the social and symbolic development of civilizations. Colour has been associated with hierarchy; power and leadership in some of them. The advent of synthetic dyes has revolutionized the colour industry; and due to their low cost; their use has spread to different industrial sectors. Although the percentage of coloured wastewater discharged by the textile; food; pharmaceutical; cosmetic; and paper industries; among other productive areas; are unknown; the toxic effect and ecological implications of this discharged into water bodies are harmful. This review briefly shows the social and artistic history surrounding the discovery and use of natural and synthetic dyes. We summarise the environmental impact caused by the discharge of untreated or poorly treated coloured wastewater to water bodies; which has led to physical; chemical and biological treatments to reduce the colour units so as important physicochemical parameters. We also focus on laccase utility (EC 1.10.3.2), for discolouration enzymatic treatment of coloured wastewater, before its discharge into water bodies. Laccases (p-diphenol: oxidoreductase dioxide) are multicopper oxidoreductase enzymes widely distributed in plants, insects, bacteria, and fungi. Fungal laccases have employed for wastewater colour removal due to their high redox potential. This review includes an analysis of the stability of laccases, the factors that influence production at high scales to achieve discolouration of high volumes of contaminated wastewater, the biotechnological impact of laccases, and the degradation routes that some dyes may follow when using the laccase for colour removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leidy D. Ardila-Leal
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Aura M. Pedroza-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y de Suelos, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Balkys E. Quevedo-Hidalgo
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huy ND, My Le NT, Chew KW, Park SM, Show PL. Characterization of a recombinant laccase from Fusarium oxysporum HUIB02 for biochemical application on dyes removal. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.107958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
13
|
Asemoloye MD, Marchisio MA, Gupta VK, Pecoraro L. Genome-based engineering of ligninolytic enzymes in fungi. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:20. [PMID: 33478513 PMCID: PMC7819241 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many fungi grow as saprobic organisms and obtain nutrients from a wide range of dead organic materials. Among saprobes, fungal species that grow on wood or in polluted environments have evolved prolific mechanisms for the production of degrading compounds, such as ligninolytic enzymes. These enzymes include arrays of intense redox-potential oxidoreductase, such as laccase, catalase, and peroxidases. The ability to produce ligninolytic enzymes makes a variety of fungal species suitable for application in many industries, including the production of biofuels and antibiotics, bioremediation, and biomedical application as biosensors. However, fungal ligninolytic enzymes are produced naturally in small quantities that may not meet the industrial or market demands. Over the last decade, combined synthetic biology and computational designs have yielded significant results in enhancing the synthesis of natural compounds in fungi. Main body of the abstract In this review, we gave insights into different protein engineering methods, including rational, semi-rational, and directed evolution approaches that have been employed to enhance the production of some important ligninolytic enzymes in fungi. We described the role of metabolic pathway engineering to optimize the synthesis of chemical compounds of interest in various fields. We highlighted synthetic biology novel techniques for biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) activation in fungo and heterologous reconstruction of BGC in microbial cells. We also discussed in detail some recombinant ligninolytic enzymes that have been successfully enhanced and expressed in different heterologous hosts. Finally, we described recent advance in CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)-Cas (CRISPR associated) protein systems as the most promising biotechnology for large-scale production of ligninolytic enzymes. Short conclusion Aggregation, expression, and regulation of ligninolytic enzymes in fungi require very complex procedures with many interfering factors. Synthetic and computational biology strategies, as explained in this review, are powerful tools that can be combined to solve these puzzles. These integrated strategies can lead to the production of enzymes with special abilities, such as wide substrate specifications, thermo-stability, tolerance to long time storage, and stability in different substrate conditions, such as pH and nutrients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dare Asemoloye
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Nankai District, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Mario Andrea Marchisio
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Nankai District, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Lorenzo Pecoraro
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Nankai District, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lu Z, Deng J, Wang H, Zhao X, Luo Z, Yu C, Zhang Y. Multifunctional role of a fungal pathogen-secreted laccase 2 in evasion of insect immune defense. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:1256-1274. [PMID: 33393158 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Laccases are widely present in bacteria, fungi, plants and invertebrates and involved in a variety of physiological functions. Here, we report that Beauveria bassiana, an economic important entomopathogenic fungus, secretes a laccase 2 (BbLac2) during infection that detoxifies insect immune response-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interferes with host immune phenoloxidase (PO) activation. BbLac2 is expressed in fungal cells during proliferation in the insect haemocoel and can be found to distribute on the surface of haemolymph-derived in vivo fungal hyphal bodies or be secreted. Targeted gene-knockout of BbLac2 increased fungal sensitivity to oxidative stress, decreased virulence to insect, and increased host PO activity. Strains overexpressing BbLac2 showed increased virulence, with reduced host PO activity and lowered ROS levels in infected insects. In vitro assays revealed that BbLac2 could eliminate ROS and oxidize PO substrates (phenols), verifying the enzymatic functioning of the protein in detoxification of cytotoxic ROS and interference with the PO cascade. Moreover, BbLac2 acted as a cell surface protein that masked pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), enabling the pathogen to evade immune recognition. Our data suggest a multifunctional role for fungal pathogen-secreted laccase 2 in evasion of insect immune defenses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyue Lu
- Biotechnology Research Center, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Juan Deng
- Biotechnology Research Center, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Biotechnology Research Center, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Center, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhibing Luo
- Biotechnology Research Center, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Yu
- Biotechnology Research Center, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Saldarriaga-Hernández S, Velasco-Ayala C, Leal-Isla Flores P, de Jesús Rostro-Alanis M, Parra-Saldivar R, Iqbal HMN, Carrillo-Nieves D. Biotransformation of lignocellulosic biomass into industrially relevant products with the aid of fungi-derived lignocellulolytic enzymes. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1099-1116. [PMID: 32526298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic material has drawn significant attention among the scientific community due to its year-round availability as a renewable resource for industrial consumption. Being an economic substrate alternative, various industries are reevaluating processes to incorporate derived compounds from these materials. Varieties of fungi and bacteria have the ability to depolymerize lignocellulosic biomass by synthesizing degrading enzymes. Owing to catalytic activity stability and high yields of conversion, lignocellulolytic enzymes derived from fungi currently have a high spectrum of industrial applications. Moreover, these materials are cost effective, eco-friendly and nontoxic while having a low energy input. Techno-economic analysis for current enzyme production technologies indicates that synthetic production is not commercially viable. Instead, the economic projection of the use of naturally-produced ligninolytic enzymes is promising. This approach may improve the economic feasibility of the process by lowering substrate expenses and increasing lignocellulosic by-product's added value. The present review will discuss the classification and enzymatic degradation pathways of lignocellulolytic biomass as well as the potential and current industrial applications of the involved fungal enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Saldarriaga-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Carolina Velasco-Ayala
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Paulina Leal-Isla Flores
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Magdalena de Jesús Rostro-Alanis
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldivar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Danay Carrillo-Nieves
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Nuevo México, Zapopan C.P. 45138, Jalisco, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang X, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Yang E, Qu Y, Xu H, Chen Y, Irbis C, Yan J. A Thermo-Active Laccase Isoenzyme From Trametes trogii and Its Potential for Dye Decolorization at High Temperature. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:241. [PMID: 32140151 PMCID: PMC7042201 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A thermo-activation and thermostable laccase isoenzyme (Lac 37 II) produced by Trametes trogii S0301 at 37°C was purified to apparent homogeneity by anionic exchange chromatography and sephadex G-75 chromatography, with 12.3% of yeiled and a specific activity of 343.1 U mg-1. The molecular weight of the purified Lac 37 II was estimated to be approximately 56 kDa in 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The optimal pH and temperature for the protein was 2.7 and 60°C, respectively. The purified Lac 37 II showed higher resistance to all tested metal ions and organic solvents except for Fe2+ and Cd2+ at 37°C and the activity of the purified Lac 37 was significantly enhanced by Cu2+ at 50 mM. The K cat , K m , and K cat /K m of Lac 37 II were 2.977 s-1, 16.1 μM, and 184.9 s-1 μM-1, respecively, in the condition of pH 2.7 and 60°C using ABTS as a substrate. Peptide-mass fingerprinting analysis showed that the Lac 37 II matched to the gene-deduced sequences of lcc3 in T. trogii BAFC 463, other than Lcc1, Lcc 2, and Lcc 4. Compared with laccase prepared at 28°C, the onset of thermo-activation of Lac 37 II activity occurred at 30°C with an increase of 10%, and reached its maximum at the temperatures range of 40-60°C with an increase of about 40% of their original activity. Furthermore, Lac 37 II showed the efficient decolorization ability toward triphenylmethane dyes at 60°C, with decolorization rates of 100 and 99.1% for 25 mg L-1 malachite and crystal violet in 5 h, respectively, when hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) was used as a mediator. In conclusion, it is the first time to report a thermo-activation laccase from a thermophilic T. trogii strain, which has a better enzyme property and higher decolorization ability among fungal laccases, and it also has a further application prospective in the field of biotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xulei Yang
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Life Science and Technology College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Life Science and Technology College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Life Science and Technology College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - En Yang
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Life Science and Technology College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan Qu
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Life Science and Technology College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Huini Xu
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Life Science and Technology College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forest University, Kunming, China
| | - Chagan Irbis
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Life Science and Technology College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jinping Yan
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Life Science and Technology College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhuo R, Zhang J, Yu H, Ma F, Zhang X. The roles of Pleurotus ostreatus HAUCC 162 laccase isoenzymes in decolorization of synthetic dyes and the transformation pathways. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 234:733-745. [PMID: 31234090 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Fungal laccases have shown great potential in industrial and environmental applications. They are generally produced as laccase isoenzymes. Thus, to further study the properties of different laccase isoenzymes and their performance in bio-remediation is essential for a deep understanding of laccase function and application. In this study, three Pleurotus ostreatus HAUCC 162 laccase isoenzymes were heterologously expressed, and the effects of different inhibitors, metal ions, and organic solvents on the activity of recombinant laccases were evaluated. In the dye decolorization test, LACC6 showed the highest ability to remove Malachite green (MG), Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), Bromophenol blue (BB), and Methyl orange (MO) among the three recombinant laccases. Removal rates within 24 h were 91.5%, 84.9%, 79.1%, and 73.1% for MG (100 mg/L), RBBR (100 mg/L), BB (100 mg/L), and MO (100 mg/L), respectively. The MG and RBBR transformation pathways were proposed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Based on the results of this work, the production of recombinant LACC6 or improving the portion of LACC6 in the crude extracellular laccase may advance synthetic dye removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Institute of Plant and Microbiology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Fuying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen SH, Cheow YL, Ng SL, Ting ASY. Removal of triphenylmethane dyes in single-dye and dye-metal mixtures by live and dead cells of metal-tolerant Penicillium simplicissimum. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1626422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Hui Chen
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Yuen Lin Cheow
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Si Ling Ng
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Scheibel D, Gitsov I. Polymer-Assisted Biocatalysis: Effects of Macromolecular Architectures on the Stability and Catalytic Activity of Immobilized Enzymes toward Water-Soluble and Water-Insoluble Substrates. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1700-1709. [PMID: 30023814 PMCID: PMC6045370 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop efficient enzyme immobilization media that will enable the reuse of the biocatalysts over multiple cycles, increase their thermal stability, and attenuate their activity toward hydrophobic substrates for "green" transformations in aqueous media. For this purpose, amphiphilic AB and ABA block copolymers were synthesized and tested with laccase (a multicopper oxidase). In all cases, the hydrophilic B block consisted of poly(ethylene glycol), PEG, with molecular masses of 3, 5, 13, 20, or 13 kDa poly(ethylene oxide). The hydrophobic A blocks were made of linear poly(styrene), PS; hyperbranched poly(p-chloromethyl styrene); or dendritic poly(benzyl ether)s of generations 2, 3, and 4 (G2, G3, and G4) with molecular masses ranging from 1 to 24 kDa. A total of 23 different copolymers (self-assembling into micelles or physical networks) were evaluated. Notable activity enhancements were achieved with both micelles (up to 253%) and hydrogels (up to 408%). The highest enzymatic activity and thermal stability were observed with laccase immobilized in hydrogels consisting of the linear ABA block copolymer PS2.7k-PEG3k-PS2.7k (13 290 μkat/L, 65 °C, ABTS test). This represents a 1245% improvement over native laccase at the same conditions. At 25 °C, the same complex showed a 1236% higher activity than the enzyme. The highest polymerization yield for a water-insoluble monomer was achieved with laccase immobilized in hydrogels composed of linear-dendritic ABA copolymer G3-PEG5k-G3 (85.5%, 45 °C, tyrosine monomer). The broad substrate specificity and reusability of the immobilized laccase were also demonstrated by the successful discoloration of bromophenol blue, methyl orange, and rhodamine B over eight repetitive cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter
M. Scheibel
- Department
of Chemistry, State University of New York,
College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Ivan Gitsov
- Department
of Chemistry, State University of New York,
College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
- The
Michael M. Szwarc Polymer Research Institute, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhuo R, Yu H, Yuan P, Fan J, Chen L, Li Y, Ma F, Zhang X. Heterologous expression and characterization of three laccases obtained from Pleurotus ostreatus HAUCC 162 for removal of environmental pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 344:499-510. [PMID: 29100130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols (CPs), nitrophenols (NPs), and sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) are three types of environmental pollutants that are of great concern because of their prevalence and toxicity. In this study, three laccase isoenzymes obtained from Pleurotus ostreatus HAUCC 162 were heterologously expressed and characterized with respect to their ability to degrade CPs, NPs, and, SAs. The three recombinant laccases can efficiently degrade the three types of considered pollutants using a laccase-mediator system (LMS). Their specific efficiencies for the removal of 2NP, 3NP, 4NP, 4CP, 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP), 2,6-DCP, sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfamethazine (SMZ), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) over 60min were 59.21%, 47.91%, 60.24%, 74.9%, 28.9%, 35.1%, 98.1%, 97.5%, and 97.8%, respectively. Based on the analysis of the oxidation products of the CPs, NPs, and SAs, pollutant removal pathways are proposed, namely, the production of 3-nitromuconate and 3-chloromuconate as the key intermediates of 4-NP and 2, 4-DCP; and oxidative coupling for the transformation of SDZ by LMS. The results of present work indicated the laccases could efficiently remove NPs, CPs, and SAs in LMS, which offers an opportunity to apply P. ostreatus HAUCC 162 laccase in the field of environmental biotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Longjiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Fuying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Efficient secretion of three fungal laccases fromSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand their potential for decolorization of textile industry effluent-A comparative study. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 34:69-80. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
22
|
Zhuo R, Yuan P, Yang Y, Zhang S, Ma F, Zhang X. Induction of laccase by metal ions and aromatic compounds in Pleurotus ostreatus HAUCC 162 and decolorization of different synthetic dyes by the extracellular laccase. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Abstract
Laccases are multi-copper oxidoreductases which catalyze the oxidation of a wide range of substrates during the simultaneous reduction of oxygen to water. These enzymes, originally found in fungi, plants, and other natural sources, have many industrial and biotechnological applications. They are used in the food, textile, pulp, and paper industries, as well as for bioremediation purposes. Although natural hosts can provide relatively high levels of active laccases after production optimization, heterologous expression can bring, moreover, engineered enzymes with desired properties, such as different substrate specificity or improved stability. Hence, diverse hosts suitable for laccase production are reviewed here, while the greatest emphasis is placed on yeasts which are commonly used for industrial production of various proteins. Different approaches to optimize the laccase expression and activity are also discussed in detail here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Antošová
- Department of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Sychrová
- Department of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ergün BG, Çalık P. Lignocellulose degrading extremozymes produced by Pichia pastoris: current status and future prospects. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1-36. [PMID: 26497303 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review article, extremophilic lignocellulosic enzymes with special interest on xylanases, β-mannanases, laccases and finally cellulases, namely, endoglucanases, exoglucanases and β-glucosidases produced by Pichia pastoris are reviewed for the first time. Recombinant lignocellulosic extremozymes are discussed from the perspectives of their potential application areas; characteristics of recombinant and native enzymes; the effects of P. pastoris expression system on recombinant extremozymes; and their expression levels and applied strategies to increase the enzyme expression yield. Further, effects of enzyme domains on activity and stability, protein engineering via molecular dynamics simulation and computational prediction, and site-directed mutagenesis and amino acid modifications done are also focused. Superior enzyme characteristics and improved stability due to the proper post-translational modifications and better protein folding performed by P. pastoris make this host favourable for extremozyme production. Especially, glycosylation contributes to the structure, function and stability of enzymes, as generally glycosylated enzymes produced by P. pastoris exhibit better thermostability than non-glycosylated enzymes. However, there has been limited study on enzyme engineering to improve catalytic efficiency and stability of lignocellulosic enzymes. Thus, in the future, studies should focus on protein engineering to improve stability and catalytic efficiency via computational modelling, mutations, domain replacements and fusion enzyme technology. Also metagenomic data need to be used more extensively to produce novel enzymes with extreme characteristics and stability.
Collapse
|
25
|
Laccase Immobilization on Poly(p-Phenylenediamine)/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite for Reactive Blue 19 Dye Removal. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6080232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
26
|
High Laccase Expression by Trametes versicolor in a Simulated Textile Effluent with Different Carbon Sources and PHs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13080778. [PMID: 27490563 PMCID: PMC4997464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13080778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Textile effluents are highly polluting and have variable and complex compositions. They can be extremely complex, with high salt concentrations and alkaline pHs. A fixed-bed bioreactor was used in the present study to simulate a textile effluent treatment, where the white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, efficiently decolourised the azo dye Reactive Black 5 over 28 days. This occurred under high alkaline conditions, which is unusual, but advantageous, for successful decolourisation processes. Active dye decolourisation was maintained by operation in continuous culture. Colour was eliminated during the course of operation and maximum laccase (Lcc) activity (80.2 U∙L−1) was detected after glycerol addition to the bioreactor. Lcc2 gene expression was evaluated with different carbon sources and pH values based on reverse transcriptase-PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Glycerol was shown to promote the highest lcc2 expression at pH 5.5, followed by sucrose and then glucose. The highest levels of expression occurred between three and four days, which corroborate the maximum Lcc activity observed for sucrose and glycerol on the bioreactor. These results give new insights into the use of T. versicolor in textile dye wastewater treatment with high pHs.
Collapse
|
27
|
Legerská B, Chmelová D, Ondrejovič M. Degradation of Synthetic Dyes by Laccases – A Mini-Review. NOVA BIOTECHNOLOGICA ET CHIMICA 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/nbec-2016-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Laccases provide a promising future as a tool to be used in the field of biodegradation of synthetic dyes with different chemical structures. These enzymes are able to oxidize a wide range of phenolic substrates without the presence of additional co-factors. Laccases have been confirmed for their potential of synthetic dye degradation from wastewater and degradation products of these enzymatic reactions become less toxic than selected dyes. This study discusses the potential of laccase enzymes as agents for laccase-catalyzed degradation in terms of biodegradation efficiency of synthetic dyes, specifically: azo dyes, triphenylmethane, indigo and anthraquinone dyes. Review also summarizes the laccase-catalyzed degradation mechanisms of the selected synthetic dyes, as well as the degradation products and the toxicity of the dyes and their degradation products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Legerská
- 1Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Nam.J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniela Chmelová
- 1Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Nam.J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslav Ondrejovič
- 1Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Nam.J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|