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Hao H, Xue Y, Wu Y, Wang C, Chen Y, Wang X, Zhang P, Ji J. A paradigm for high-throughput screening of cell-selective surfaces coupling orthogonal gradients and machine learning-based cell recognition. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:1-11. [PMID: 37214260 PMCID: PMC10192934 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The combinational density of immobilized functional molecules on biomaterial surfaces directs cell behaviors. However, limited by the low efficiency of traditional low-throughput experimental methods, investigation and optimization of the combinational density remain daunting challenges. Herein, we report a high-throughput screening set-up to study biomaterial surface functionalization by integrating photo-controlled thiol-ene surface chemistry and machine learning-based label-free cell identification and statistics. Through such a strategy, a specific surface combinational density of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and arginine-glutamic acid-aspartic acid-valine peptide (REDV) leads to high endothelial cell (EC) selectivity against smooth muscle cell (SMC) was identified. The composition was translated as a coating formula to modify medical nickel-titanium alloy surfaces, which was then proved to improve EC competitiveness and induce endothelialization. This work provided a high-throughput method to investigate behaviors of co-cultured cells on biomaterial surfaces modified with combinatorial functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
- International Research Center for X Polymers, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, PR China
| | - Yunfan Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
- International Research Center for X Polymers, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, PR China
| | - Yuhui Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
- International Research Center for X Polymers, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, PR China
| | - Cong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
- International Research Center for X Polymers, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, PR China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
- International Research Center for X Polymers, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, PR China
| | - Xingwang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
- International Research Center for X Polymers, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
- International Research Center for X Polymers, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, PR China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
- International Research Center for X Polymers, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, PR China
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Yu L, Sun Y. Recent advances in protein chromatography with polymer-grafted media. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1638:461865. [PMID: 33453656 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The strategy of using polymer-grafted media is effective to create protein chromatography of high capacity and uptake rate, giving rise to an excellent performance in high-throughput protein separation due to its high dynamic binding capacity. Taking the scientific development and technological innovation of protein chromatography as the objective, this review is devoted to an overview of polymer-grafted media reported in the last five years, including their fabrication routes, protein adsorption and chromatography, mechanisms behind the adsorption behaviors, limitations of polymer-grafted media and chromatographic operation strategies. Particular emphasis is placed on the elaboration and discussion on the behaviors of ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) with polymer-grafted media because IEC is the most suitable chromatographic mode for this kind of media. Recent advances in both the theoretical and experimental investigations on polymer-grafted media are discussed by focusing on their implications to the rational design of novel chromatographic media and mobile phase conditions for the development of high-performance protein chromatography. It is concluded that polymer-grafted media are suitable for development of IEC and mixed-mode chromatography with charged and low hydrophobic ligands, but not for hydrophobic interaction chromatography with high hydrophobic ligands and affinity chromatography with ligands that have single binding site on the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linling Yu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Yu L, Li C, Liu Y, Sun Y. Protein adsorption to poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate)-grafted Sepharose gel: Effects of chain length and charge density. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1638:461869. [PMID: 33433375 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Grafting functional polymer chains onto porous resins has been found to drastically increase both adsorption capacity and uptake rate in protein chromatography. In this work, 2-aminoethyl methacrylate (AEM) was used for grafting onto Sepharose FF gel, and six anion-exchangers of different polyAEM (pAEM) chain lengths (ionic capacities, ICs), FF-pAEM, were obtained for protein adsorption and chromatography. It was found that protein adsorption capacity (qm) increased with increasing pAEM chain length, but the uptake rate, represented by the ratio of effective pore diffusivity to the free solution diffusivity (De/D0), showed an up-down trend, reaching a peak value (De/D0=0.55) at an IC of 313 mmol/L. Partial charge neutralization of the AEM-grafted resin of the highest IC (513 mmol/L) by reaction with sodium acetate produced three charge-reduced resins, FF-pAEM513-R. With reducing the charge density, the adsorption capacity kept unchanged and then decreased, but the uptake rate monotonically increased, reaching a maximum (about 2-fold increase) at a residual IC of 263 mmol/L. It is notable that, at the same IC, the charge-reduced resin (FF-pAEM513-R) presented similar or even higher values of qm and De/D0 than its FF-pAEM counterpart. Particularly, at the same IC of 263 mmol/L, a ~50% enhancement of De/D0 was observed. Both adsorption capacity and uptake rate in the charge-reduced resin with a residual IC of 339 mmo/L (FF-pAEM513-R339) decreased more sharply with increasing NaCl concentration by comparison with FF-pAEM513, indicating its increased salt-sensitivity than FF-pAEM513. That is, charge reduction on the AEM-grafted resin could accelerate protein uptake at 0 mmol/L NaCl but decrease salt tolerance. Column breakthrough experiments showed that FF-pAEM513-R339 was favorable for high flow rate protein chromatography at low NaCl concentration (0 mmol/L), whereas FF-pAEM513 was a good choice in a wide range of salt concentrations at low flow rate. This research proved the excellent protein chromatography performance of the AEM-based anion-exchangers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linling Yu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Changsen Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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