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Faria D, Carvalho APAD, Conte-Junior CA. Fermentation of Biomass and Residues from Brazilian Agriculture for 2G Bioethanol Production. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:40298-40314. [PMID: 39372026 PMCID: PMC11447871 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c06579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Brazil is one of the world's leading producers of staple foods and bioethanol. Lignocellulosic residual sources have been proposed as a promising feedstock for 2G bioethanol and to reduce competition between food and fuels. This work aims to discuss residual biomass from Brazilian agriculture as lignocellulosic feedstock for 2G bioethanol production as bagasse, stalk, stem, and peels, using biorefining concepts to increase ethanol yields. Herein, we focused on biomass chemical characteristics, pretreatment, microorganisms, and optimization of process parameters that define ethanol yields for bench-scale fermentation. Although several techniques, such as carbon capture, linking enzymes to supports, and a consortium of microorganisms, emerge as future alternatives in bioethanol synthesis, these technologies entail necessary optimization efforts before commercial availability. Overcoming these challenges is essential to linking technological innovation to synthesizing environmentally friendly fuels and searching other biomass wastes for 2G bioethanol to increase the biofuel industry's potential. Thus, this work is the first to discuss underutilized lignocellulosic feedstock from other agrifoods beyond sugar cane or corn, such as babassu, tobacco, cassava, orange, cotton, soybean, potatoes, and rice. Residual biomasses combined with optimized pretreatment and mixed fermentation increase hydrolysis efficiency, fermentation, and purification. Therefore, more than a product with a high added value, bioethanol synthesis from Brazilian residual biomass prevents waste production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas
José Faria
- Department
of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal
University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
- Research
Support Group on Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Interaction with Biosystems
(BioNano), Chemistry Institute, Federal
University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
- Center
for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory
(LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de
Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941598, Brazil
| | - Anna Paula Azevedo de Carvalho
- Department
of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal
University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
- Research
Support Group on Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Interaction with Biosystems
(BioNano), Chemistry Institute, Federal
University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
- Center
for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory
(LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de
Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941598, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Department
of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal
University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
- Research
Support Group on Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Interaction with Biosystems
(BioNano), Chemistry Institute, Federal
University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
- Center
for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory
(LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de
Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941598, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
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Arora R, Singh P, Sarangi PK, Kumar S, Chandel AK. A critical assessment on scalable technologies using high solids loadings in lignocellulose biorefinery: challenges and solutions. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:218-235. [PMID: 36592989 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2151409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The pretreatment and the enzymatic saccharification are the key steps in the extraction of fermentable sugars for further valorization of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) to biofuels and value-added products via biochemical and/or chemical conversion routes. Due to low density and high-water absorption capacity of LCB, the large volume of water is required for its processing. Integration of pretreatment, saccharification, and co-fermentation has succeeded and well-reported in the literature. However, there are only few reports on extraction of fermentable sugars from LCB with high biomass loading (>10% Total solids-TS) feasible to industrial reality. Furthermore, the development of enzymatic cocktails can overcome technology hurdles with high biomass loading. Hence, a better understanding of constraints involved in the development of technology with high biomass loading can result in an economical and efficient yield of fermentable sugars for the production of biofuels and bio-chemicals with viable titer, rate, and yield (TRY) at industrial scale. The present review aims to provide a critical assessment on the production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses with high solid biomass loading. The impact of inhibitors produced during both pretreatment and saccharification has been elucidated. Moreover, the limitations imposed by high solid loading on efficient mass transfer during saccharification process have been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Arora
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Poonam Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Sachin Kumar
- Biochemical Conversion Division, Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bio-Energy, Kapurthala, India
| | - Anuj K Chandel
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena (EEL), University of São Paulo, Lorena, Brazil
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