The immune system as key to cancer treatment: Triggering its activity with microbial agents

Targeting Streptomyces-Derived Streptenol Derivatives against Gynecological Cancer Target PIK3CA: An In Silico Approach

Streptomyces is amongst the most amenable genera for biotechnological applications, and it is extensively used as a scaffold for drug development. One of the most effective therapeutic applications in the treatment of cancer is targeted therapy. Small molecule therapy is one of them, and it has gotten a lot of attention recently. Streptomyces derived compounds namely streptenols A, C, and F-I and streptazolin were subjected for ADMET property assessment. Our computational studies based on molecular docking effectively displayed the synergistic effect of streptomyces-derived compounds on the gynecological cancer target PIK3CA. These compounds were observed with the highest docking scores as well as promising intermolecular interaction stability throughout the molecular dynamic simulation. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic modeling techniques were utilized to investigate the binding mode stability of drugs using a pharmacophore scaffold, as well as physicochemical and pharmacokinetic aspects linked to alpelisib. With a root mean square fluctuation of the protein backbone of less than 0.7 nm, they demonstrated a steady binding mode in the target binding pocket. They have also prompted hydrogen bonding throughout the simulations, implying that the chemicals have firmly occupied the active site. A comprehensive study showed that streptenol D, streptenol E, streptenol C, streptenol G, streptenol F, and streptenol B can be considered as lead compounds for PIK3CA-based inhibitor design. To warrant the treatment efficacy against cancer, comprehensive computational research based on proposed chemicals must be assessed through in vitro studies.

Interaction of marine Streptomyces compounds with selected cancer drug target proteins by in silico molecular docking studies

The criteria currently followed for selecting antitumor compounds include agents that can target apoptosis inhibitor proteins and cancer cell markers. In silico studies are often used to identify suitable antitumor compounds for the cancer targets. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the interactions of some antitumor compounds reported from marine Streptomyces with cancer target proteins. Nine compounds were selected from marine Streptomyces based on previous reports and evaluated for their interactions with cancer target proteins by in silico molecular docking approach. Interactions of the selected ligand with target proteins were studied by PatchDock bioinformatics docking tool. Among the compounds tested marmycin A was interacted very effectively with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and showed a least binding energy of -472.92 kcal/mol. The compound altemicidin showed a least binding energy of -415.66 kcal/mol with cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). The ligands resistoflavine and resistomycin also interacted with HER2 and showed the binding energy of -402.10 kcal/mol and -377.78 kcal/mol respectively. Other ligands proximycin A, chandrananimycin C, echinosporin, streptochlorin and streptokordin also showed the binding energy of -341.11 kcal/mol, -313.31 kcal/mol, -305.64 kcal/mol, -291.91 kcal/mol and 222.34 kcal/mol respectively with CDK4 protein. These results of our study suggest that HER2 and CDK4 are better cancer drug targets for therapy.