Biocompatible and biodegradable copper-protocatechuic metal-organic frameworks as rifampicin carrier

Functionalization of a porous copper(ii) metal-organic framework and its capacity for loading and delivery of ibuprofen

A porous copper(ii) metal-organic framework (MOF) of 4,4',4''-tri-tert-butyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine(N3ttb) and 5-nitroisophthalic acid (npd) formulated as [Cu(npd)(N3ttb)]·(DMF)(H2O) 1 (DMF = dimethylformamide) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, spectroscopic techniques, single crystal X-ray crystallography, and scanning electron microscopy. Single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis of the copper(ii) metal-organic framework reveals a monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/c. The copper(ii) ion is in a five-coordinate geometry consisting of three meridional nitrogen atoms of 4,4',4''-tri-tert-butyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and two oxygen atoms of 5-nitroisophthalic acid to form a square pyramidal structure. The compound was functionalized with ethylenediamine (ED) to form [Cu(npd)(N3ttb)]-ED 2 that was characterized by FT-IR, PXRD, SEM-EDX and BET and the drug loading capacity was investigated and compared with that of as-synthesized MOFs. The amount of ibuprofen loaded was 916.44 mg g-1 (15.27%) & 1530.20 mg g-1 (25.50%) over 1 and 2, respectively. The results indicate that the functionalized MOFs 2 have a higher loading capacity for ibuprofen than 1 by 613.76 mg g-1 (10.23%), which could be ascribed to the acid-base interactions in the functionalized molecules. The results show that [Cu(npd)(N3ttb)]-ED 2 is a better drug transporter than [Cu(npd)(N3ttb)]·(DMF)(H2O) 1 due to the presence of an amine functional group that interacts with the acid group on the ibuprofen through non-covalent bonds interactions.

Copper release by MOF-74(Cu): a novel pharmacological alternative to diseases with deficiency of a vital oligoelement

Copper deficiency can trigger various diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and even compromise the development of living beings, as manifested in Menkes disease (MS). Thus, the regulated administration (controlled release) of copper represents an alternative to reduce neuronal deterioration and prevent disease progression. Therefore, we present, to the best of our knowledge, the first experimental in vitro investigation for the kinetics of copper release from MOF-74(Cu) and its distribution in vivo after oral administration in male Wistar rats. Taking advantage of the abundance and high periodicity of copper within the crystalline-nanostructured metal-organic framework material (MOF-74(Cu)), it was possible to control the release of copper due to the partial degradation of the material. Thus, we simultaneously corroborated a low accumulation of copper in the liver (the main detoxification organ) and a slight increase of copper in the brain (striatum and midbrain), demonstrating that MOF-74(Cu) is a promising pharmacological alternative (controlled copper source) to these diseases.