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Song Y, Wang L, Xu M, Lu X, Wang Y, Zhang L. Molecular and functional characterization of porcine poly C binding protein 1 (PCBP1). BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:25. [PMID: 38218813 PMCID: PMC10787444 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly C Binding Protein 1 (PCBP1) belongs to the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein family. It is a multifunctional protein that participates in several functional circuits and plays a variety of roles in cellular processes. Although PCBP1 has been identified in several mammals, its function in porcine was unclear. RESULTS In this study, we cloned the gene of porcine PCBP1 and analyzed its evolutionary relationships among different species. We found porcine PCBP1 protein sequence was similar to that of other animals. The subcellular localization of PCBP1 in porcine kidney cells 15 (PK-15) cells was analyzed by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and revealed that PCBP1 was mainly localized to the nucleus. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to compare PCBP1 mRNA levels in different tissues of 30-day-old pigs. Results indicated that PCBP1 was expressed in various tissues and was most abundant in the liver. Finally, the effects of PCBP1 on cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated following its overexpression or knockdown in PK-15 cells. The findings demonstrated that PCBP1 knockdown arrested cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, and enhanced cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Porcine PCBP1 is a highly conserved protein, plays an important role in determining cell fate, and its functions need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Molecule Biology Laboratory of Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450044, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Linqing Wang
- Molecule Biology Laboratory of Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450044, China.
| | - Menglong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Xiuxiang Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Limeng Zhang
- Molecule Biology Laboratory of Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450044, China
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Zhang J, Xiang Q, Wu M, Lao YZ, Xian YF, Xu HX, Lin ZX. Autophagy Regulators in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10944. [PMID: 37446120 PMCID: PMC10341480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a complex impact role in tumor initiation and development. It serves as a double-edged sword by supporting cell survival in certain situations while also triggering autophagic cell death in specific cellular contexts. Understanding the intricate functions and mechanisms of autophagy in tumors is crucial for guiding clinical approaches to cancer treatment. Recent studies highlight its significance in various aspects of cancer biology. Autophagy enables cancer cells to adapt to and survive unfavorable conditions by recycling cellular components. However, excessive or prolonged autophagy can lead to the self-destruction of cancer cells via a process known as autophagic cell death. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy regulation in cancer is crucial for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. In this review, we seek to present a comprehensive summary of current knowledge regarding autophagy, its impact on cancer cell survival and death, and the molecular mechanisms involved in the modulation of autophagy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (J.Z.); (Y.-F.X.)
| | - Qian Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (M.W.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Man Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (M.W.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Yuan-Zhi Lao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (M.W.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (J.Z.); (Y.-F.X.)
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (M.W.); (Y.-Z.L.)
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (J.Z.); (Y.-F.X.)
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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Chen X, Gong R, Wang J, Ma B, Lei K, Ren H, Wang J, Zhao C, Wang L, Yu Q. Identification of HnRNP Family as Prognostic Biomarkers in Five Major Types of Gastrointestinal Cancer. Curr Gene Ther 2022; 22:449-461. [PMID: 35794744 PMCID: PMC9906633 DOI: 10.2174/1566523222666220613113647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), a large family of RNAbinding proteins, have been implicated in tumor progression in multiple cancer types. However, the expression pattern and prognostic value of hnRNPs in five gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including gastric, colorectal, esophageal, liver, and pancreatic cancer, remain to be investigated. OBJECTIVE The current research aimed to identify prognostic biomarkers of the hnRNP family in five major types of gastrointestinal cancer. METHODS Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), and Kaplan-Meier Plotter were used to explore the hnRNPs expression levels concerning clinicopathological parameters and prognostic values. The protein level of hnRNPU was validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in human tissue specimens. Genetic alterations of hnRNPs were analyzed using cBioportal, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to illustrate the biological functions of co-expressed genes of hnRNPs. RESULTS The vast majority of hnRNPs were highly expressed in five types of GI cancer tissues compared to their adjacent normal tissues, and mRNA levels of hnRNPA2B1, D, Q, R, and U were significantly different in various GI cancer types at different stages. In addition, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the increased hnRNPs expression levels were correlated with better prognosis in gastric and rectal cancer patients (log-rank p < 0.05). In contrast, patients with high levels of hnRNPs exhibited a worse prognosis in esophageal and liver cancer (log-rank p < 0.05). Using immunohistochemistry, we further confirmed that hnRNPU was overexpressed in gastric, rectal, and liver cancers. In addition, hnRNPs genes were altered in patients with GI cancers, and RNA-related processing was correlated with hnRNPs alterations. CONCLUSION We identified differentially expressed genes of hnRNPs in tumor tissues versus adjacent normal tissues, which might contribute to predicting tumor types, early diagnosis, and targeted therapies in five major types of GI cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghan Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;,Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China;,These authors contribute to this work equally.
| | - Ruining Gong
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China;,Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China;,These authors contribute to this work equally.
| | - Jia Wang
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Boyi Ma
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China;,Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Ke Lei
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - He Ren
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China;,Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China,Address correspondence to these authors at the Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266000, China; Tel/Fax: 86-532-82917308; E-mail: and Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Tel/Fax: 86-532- 82919350; E-mail:
| | - Qian Yu
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China;,Address correspondence to these authors at the Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266000, China; Tel/Fax: 86-532-82917308; E-mail: and Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Tel/Fax: 86-532- 82919350; E-mail:
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4
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Zheng Y, Zhou Z, Wei R, Xiao C, Zhang H, Fan T, Zheng B, Li C, He J. The RNA-binding protein PCBP1 represses lung adenocarcinoma progression by stabilizing DKK1 mRNA and subsequently downregulating β-catenin. J Transl Med 2022; 20:343. [PMID: 35907982 PMCID: PMC9338556 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PolyC-RNA-binding protein 1 (PCBP1) functions as a tumour suppressor and RNA regulator that is downregulated in human cancers. Here, we aimed to reveal the biological function of PCBP1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods First, PCBP1 was identified as an important biomarker that maintains LUAD through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project screening and confirmed by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. Via colony formation, CCK8, IncuCyte cell proliferation, wound healing and Transwell assays, we confirmed that PCBP1 was closely related to the proliferation and migration of LUAD cells. The downstream gene DKK1 was discovered by RNA sequencing of PCBP1 knockdown cells. The underlying mechanisms were further investigated using western blot, qPCR, RIP, RNA pulldown and mRNA stability assays. Results We demonstrate that PCBP1 is downregulated in LUAD tumour tissues. The reduction in PCBP1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of LUAD in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the RNA-binding protein PCBP1 represses LUAD by stabilizing DKK1 mRNA. Subsequently, decreased expression of the DKK1 protein relieves the inhibitory effect on the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Taken together, these results show that PCBP1 acts as a tumour suppressor gene, inhibiting the tumorigenesis of LUAD. Conclusions We found that PCBP1 inhibits LUAD development by upregulating DKK1 to inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Our findings highlight the potential of PCBP1 as a promising therapeutic target. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03552-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chu Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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5
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Chen Y, Dou Z, Chen X, Zhao D, Che T, Su W, Qu T, Zhang T, Xu C, Lei H, Li Q, Zhang H, Di C. Overexpression of splicing factor poly(rC)-binding protein 1 elicits cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and p73 splicing in human cervical carcinoma cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:3475-3484. [PMID: 35896897 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Splicing factor poly(rC)-binding protein 1 (PCBP1) is a novel tumor suppressor that is downregulated in several cancers thereby regulating tumor formation and metastasis. However, the involvement of PCBP1 in apoptosis of cancer cells and the molecular mechanism remains elusive. On this basis, we sought to investigate the role of splicing factor PCBP1 in the apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells. METHODS To investigate PCBP1 functions in vitro, we overexpressed PCBP1 in human cervical cancer cells. A series of cytological function assays were employed to study to the role of PCBP1 in cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. RESULTS Overexpression of PCBP1 was found to greatly repress proliferation of HeLa cells in a time-dependent manner. It also induced a significant increase in G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, overexpressed PCBP1 favored the production of long isoforms of p73, thereby inducing upregulated ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, the release of cytochrome c and the expression of caspase-3. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that PCBP1 played a vital role in p73 splicing, cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in human cervical carcinoma cells. Targeting PCBP1 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Chen
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Zhihui Dou
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Dapeng Zhao
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Tuanjie Che
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Genomic and Molecular Diagnosis of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Wei Su
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Tao Qu
- Department of Biotherapy Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Taotao Zhang
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Caipeng Xu
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Huiweng Lei
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China. .,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China. .,Department of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China. .,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China. .,Department of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Cuixia Di
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China. .,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China. .,Department of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Poly(rC) binding protein 1 benefits coxsackievirus B3 infection via suppressing the translation of p62/SQSTM1. Virus Res 2022; 318:198851. [PMID: 35764193 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a positive single-strand RNA virus causing myocarditis, pancreatitis and meningitis. During CVB3 infection, various host cellular components, including proteins and non-coding RNAs, interact with the virus and affect viral infection. Poly(rC) binding protein 1 (PCBP1) is a multifunctional RNA binding protein regulating transcription, translation and mRNA stability of a variety of genes. In this study, we observed a significant reduction of PCBP1 protein during CVB3 infection. By bioinformatic prediction and luciferase-assay verification, we confirmed that the expression of PCBP1 was directly inhibited by miR-21, a microRNA upregulated during CVB3 infection. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of PCBP1 promoted CVB3 infection and knocking down of PCBP1 inhibited it. In the subsequent mechanism study, our results revealed that PCBP1 blocked the translation of p62/SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1), an autophagy-receptor protein suppressing CVB3 replication, by interacting with the cis-element in the 5' untranslational region (5' UTR) of p62/SQSTM1. In summary, our studies have identified PCBP1 as a beneficial factor for CVB3 infection. These findings may deepen the understanding of host-virus interactions and provide a potential target for intervention of CVB3 infection.
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Lee J, You JH, Roh JL. Poly(rC)-binding protein 1 represses ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis in head and neck cancer. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102276. [PMID: 35290903 PMCID: PMC8921323 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A cytosolic iron chaperone poly(rC)-binding protein 1 (PCBP1) is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein involving gene transcription, RNA regulation, and iron loading to ferritins. PCBP1 is also known to repress autophagy, but the role of PCBP1 in ferritinophagy and ferroptosis remains unrevealed. Therefore, we examined the role of PCBP1 in ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis in head and neck cancer (HNC) cells. The effects of system xc– cystine/glutamate antiporter (xCT) inhibitors and PCBP1 gene silencing/overexpression were tested on HNC cell lines and mouse tumor xenograft models. These effects were analyzed by assessing cell viability and death, lipid reactive oxygen species and iron production, lipid, malondialdehyde, mRNA/protein expression, and autophagy flux assays. Interaction between PCBP1 and BECN1 mRNA was also examined by luciferase and RNA-protein pull-down assays. PCBP1 gene silencing increased autophagosome generation and autophagic flux. Conversely, PCBP1 upregulation inhibited autophagy activation via direct binding to the CU-rich elements on the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of BECN1 mRNA. The internal deletion or mutation of the 3′-UTR F2 region recovered BECN1 mRNA stability repressed by PCBP1, resulting in enhanced ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis. Besides, PCBP1 knockdown promoted polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation by increasing ALOX15 expression. Further, excess iron accumulation caused mitochondrial dysfunction in PCBP1-suppressed cells. A ferroptosis inducer sulfasalazine significantly suppressed tumor growth in mice with the transplantation of PCBP1-silenced HNC. Our data suggest that the dual functions of PCBP1 repressing BECN1 and ALOX15 mRNAs contribute to attenuating cancer susceptibility to ferroptosis inducers. PCBP1 expression is related to head and neck cancer survival and response to ferroptosis inducers. Knockdown of PCBP1 increased ferroptosis sensitivity by inducing an increased labile iron pool. PCBP1 negatively regulated ferritinophagy by the 3′-UTR binding of BECN1 mRNA. Knockdown of PCBP1 increased lipid peroxidation by ALOX15 expression. PCBP1 depletion promoted ferroptosis susceptibility in vitro and in vivo.
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Zhang X, Di C, Chen Y, Wang J, Su R, Huang G, Xu C, Chen X, Long F, Yang H, Zhang H. Multilevel regulation and molecular mechanism of poly (rC)-binding protein 1 in cancer. FASEB J 2020; 34:15647-15658. [PMID: 33058239 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000911r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Poly (rC)-binding protein 1 (PCBP1), an RNA- or DNA-binding protein with a relative molecular weight of 38 kDa, which is characterized by downregulation in many cancer types. Numerous cases have indicated that PCBP1 could be considered as a tumor suppressor to inhibit tumorigenesis, development, and metastasis. In the current review, we described the multilevel regulatory roles of PCBP1, including gene transcription, alternative splicing, and translation of many cancer-related genes. Additionally, we also provided a brief overview about the inhibitory effect of PCBP1 on most common tumors. More importantly, we summarized the current research status about PCBP1 in hypoxic microenvironment, autophagy, apoptosis, and chemotherapy of cancer cells, aiming to clarify the molecular mechanisms of PCBP1 in cancer. Taken together, in-depth study of PCBP1 in cancer may provide new ideas for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetian Zhang
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cuixia Di
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruowei Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guomin Huang
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caipeng Xu
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Long
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongying Yang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow, Soochow, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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9
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The HMGB1-2 Ovarian Cancer Interactome. The Role of HMGB Proteins and Their Interacting Partners MIEN1 and NOP53 in Ovary Cancer and Drug-Response. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092435. [PMID: 32867128 PMCID: PMC7564582 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box B (HMGB) proteins are overexpressed in different types of cancers such as epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). We have determined the first interactome of HMGB1 and HMGB2 in epithelial ovarian cancer (the EOC-HMGB interactome). Libraries from the SKOV-3 cell line and a primary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) ovarian tumor were tested by the Yeast Two Hybrid (Y2H) approach. The interactome reveals proteins that are related to cancer hallmarks and their expression is altered in EOC. Moreover, some of these proteins have been associated to survival and prognosis of patients. The interaction of MIEN1 and NOP53 with HMGB2 has been validated by co-immunoprecipitation in SKOV-3 and PEO1 cell lines. SKOV-3 cells were treated with different anti-tumoral drugs to evaluate changes in HMGB1, HMGB2, MIEN1 and NOP53 gene expression. Results show that combined treatment of paclitaxel and carboplatin induces a stronger down-regulation of these genes in comparison to individual treatments. Individual treatment with paclitaxel or olaparib up-regulates NOP53, which is expressed at lower levels in EOC than in non-cancerous cells. On the other hand, bevacizumab diminishes the expression of HMGB2 and NOP53. This study also shows that silencing of these genes affects cell-viability after drug exposure. HMGB1 silencing causes loss of response to paclitaxel, whereas silencing of HMGB2 slightly increases sensitivity to olaparib. Silencing of either HMGB1 or HMGB2 increases sensitivity to carboplatin. Lastly, a moderate loss of response to bevacizumab is observed when NOP53 is silenced.
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10
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Ishii T, Igawa T, Hayakawa H, Fujita T, Sekiguchi M, Nakabeppu Y. PCBP1 and PCBP2 both bind heavily oxidized RNA but cause opposing outcomes, suppressing or increasing apoptosis under oxidative conditions. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:12247-12261. [PMID: 32647012 PMCID: PMC7443489 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PCBP1, a member of the poly(C)-binding protein (PCBP) family, has the capability of binding heavily oxidized RNA and therefore participates in the cellular response to oxidative conditions, helping to induce apoptosis. There are four other members of this family, PCBP2, PCBP3, PCBP4, and hnRNPK, but it is not known whether they play similar roles. To learn more, we first tested their affinity for an RNA strand carrying two 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) residues at sites located in close proximity to each other, representative of a heavily oxidized strand or RNA with one 8-oxoG or none. Among them, only PCBP2 exhibited highly selective binding to RNA carrying two 8-oxoG residues similar to that observed with PCBP1. In contrast, PCBP3, PCBP4, and hnRNPK bound RNA with or without 8-oxoG modifications and exhibited slightly increased binding to the former. Mutations in conserved RNA-binding domains of PCBP2 disrupted the specific interaction with heavily oxidized RNA. We next tested PCBP2 activity in cells. Compared with WT HeLa S3 cells, PCBP2-KO cells established by gene editing exhibited increased apoptosis with increased caspase-3 activity and PARP1 cleavage under oxidative conditions, which were suppressed by the expression of WT PCBP2 but not one of the mutants lacking binding activity. In contrast, PCBP1-KO cells exhibited reduced apoptosis with much less caspase-3 activity and PARP cleavage than WT cells. Our results indicate that PCBP2 as well as PCBP1 bind heavily oxidized RNA; however, the former may counteract PCBP1 to suppress apoptosis under oxidative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan; Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Igawa
- Frontier Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsugumi Fujita
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Sekiguchi
- Frontier Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusaku Nakabeppu
- Division of Neurofunctional Genomics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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11
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Zhang W, Zhang S, Guan W, Huang Z, Kong J, Huang C, Wang H, Yang S. Poly C Binding Protein 1 Regulates p62/SQSTM1 mRNA Stability and Autophagic Degradation to Repress Tumor Progression. Front Genet 2020; 11:930. [PMID: 32922440 PMCID: PMC7457068 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence show that Poly C Binding Protein 1 (PCBP1) is deleted in distinct types of tumors as a novel tumor suppressor, but its tumor suppression mechanism remains elusive. Here, we firstly describe that downregulation of PCBP1 is significantly associated with clinical ovarian tumor progression. Mechanistically, PCBP1 overexpression affects various autophagy-related genes expression at various expression levels to attenuate the intrinsic cell autophagy, including the autophagy-initiating ULK, ATG12, ATG7 as well as the bona fide marker of autophagosome, LC3B. Accordingly, knockdown of the endogenous PCBP1 in turn enhances autophagy and less cell death. Meanwhile, PCBP1 upregulates p62/SQSTM1 via inhibition p62/SQSTM1 autophagolysome and proteasome degradation as well as its mRNA stability, consequently accompanying with the caspase 3 or 8 activation for tumor cell apoptosis. Importantly, clinical ovary cancer sample analysis consistently validates the relevance of PCBP1 expression to both p62/SQSTM1 and caspase-8 to overall survival, and indicates PCBP1 may be a master player to repress tumor initiation. Taken together, our results uncover the tumorigenic mechanism of PCBP1 depletion and suggest that inhibition of tumor cell autophagy with autophagic inhibitors could be an effective therapeutical strategy for PCBP1-deficient tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicong Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiu Kong
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlong Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haihe Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulan Yang
- Translational Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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The GABARAP Co-Secretome Identified by APEX2-GABARAP Proximity Labelling of Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061468. [PMID: 32560054 PMCID: PMC7349886 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The autophagy-related ATG8 protein GABARAP has not only been shown to be involved in the cellular self-degradation process called autophagy but also fulfils functions in intracellular trafficking processes such as receptor transport to the plasma membrane. Notably, available mass spectrometry data suggest that GABARAP is also secreted into extracellular vesicles (EVs). Here, we confirm this finding by the immunoblotting of EVs isolated from cell culture supernatants and human blood serum using specific anti-GABARAP antibodies. To investigate the mechanism by which GABARAP is secreted, we applied proximity labelling, a method for studying the direct environment of a protein of interest in a confined cellular compartment. By expressing an engineered peroxidase (APEX2)-tagged variant of GABARAP—which, like endogenous GABARAP, was present in EVs prepared from HEK293 cells—we demonstrate the applicability of APEX2-based proximity labelling to EVs. The biotinylated protein pool which contains the APEX2-GABARAP co-secretome contained not only known GABARAP interaction partners but also proteins that were found in APEX2-GABARAP’s proximity inside of autophagosomes in an independent study. All in all, we not only introduce a versatile tool for co-secretome analysis in general but also uncover the first details about autophagy-based pathways as possible biogenesis mechanisms of GABARAP-containing EVs.
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13
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Prognostic and therapeutic potential of Adenylate kinase 2 in lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17757. [PMID: 31780678 PMCID: PMC6883075 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenylate kinase 2 (AK2), an isoenzyme of the AK family, may have momentous extra-mitochondrial functions, especially in tumourigenesis in addition to the well-known control of energy metabolism. In this study, we provided the first evidence that AK2 is overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma. The positive expression of AK2 is associated with tumor progression, and poor survival in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Knockdown of AK2 could suppress proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as induce apoptosis and autophagy in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Remarkably, silencing AK2 exerted the greater tumor suppression roles when combined with hydroxychloroquine, an effective autophagy inhibitor, in vitro and in xenografts mouse models. Our data have probably provided preclinical proof that systematic inhibition of AK2 and autophagy could be therapeutically effective on lung cancer.
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14
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Nazarov IB, Bakhmet EI, Tomilin AN. KH-Domain Poly(C)-Binding Proteins as Versatile Regulators of Multiple Biological Processes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:205-219. [PMID: 31221059 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Five known members of the family of KH-domain poly(C)-binding proteins (Pcbp1-4, hnRNP-K) have an unusually broad spectrum of cellular functions that include regulation of gene transcription, regulation of pre-mRNA processing, splicing, mRNA stability, translational silencing and enhancement, the control of iron turnover, and many others. Mechanistically, these proteins act via nucleic acid binding and protein-protein interactions. Through performing these multiple tasks, the KH-domain poly(C)-binding family members are involved in a wide variety of biological processes such as embryonic development, cell differentiation, and cancer. Deregulation of KH-domain protein expression is frequently associated with severe developmental defects and neoplasia. This review summarizes progress in studies of the KH-domain proteins made over past two decades. The review also reports our recent finding implying an involvement of the KH-factor Pcbp1 into control of transition from naïve to primed pluripotency cell state.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Nazarov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - E I Bakhmet
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - A N Tomilin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
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15
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De S, Das S, Sengupta S. Involvement of HuR in the serum starvation induced autophagy through regulation of Beclin1 in breast cancer cell-line, MCF-7. Cell Signal 2019; 61:78-85. [PMID: 31102648 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Starvation is a cellular stress that induces autophagy, a conserved cellular self-digestion mechanism that allows cells to degrade and recycle damaged proteins and organelles. The present study illustrated that during serum deprivation, Beclin1, a crucial gene that is essential for autophagosome formation in autophagy, gets controlled post-transcriptionally in breast cancer cell-line MCF-7. RNA affinity chromatography and co-immunoprecipitation confirmed the association of HuR with 3'-UTR of beclin1 mRNA. After cytosolic translocation, HuR enhances beclin1 protein synthesis in response to serum starvation by enhancing the association of beclin1 mRNA to the polysomes. Partial silencing of HuR resulted in reduction of beclin1 expression both at mRNA and protein levels, which in turn decreased starvation-induced autophagic flux. Thus, in conclusion, fine-tuning of beclin1 gene expression at post-transcriptional level by HuR is one of the key regulatory mechanisms of starvation induced autophagy in breast cancer cell-line, MCF-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumasree De
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Sayantani Das
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Sumita Sengupta
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
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16
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Meng N, Gong Y, Mu X, Wang YH, Su L, Jiang CS, Zhang H. Novel Role of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein E1 in Regulation of Apoptosis and Autophagy by a Triazole Derivative in Vascular Endothelial Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1299-1309. [PMID: 31223288 PMCID: PMC6567801 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.32677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell (VEC) apoptosis and autophagy play an important role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. However, the association of molecular mechanisms between vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and autophagy has not been clarified. Here, we identified a novel triazole derivative, JL014, which could inhibit human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC) apoptosis induced by deprivation of serum and fibroblast growth factor 2 and maintain HUVEC survival by promoting autophagy. Importantly, JL014 increased the mRNA and protein level of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 (hnRNP E1) in HUVECs. In addition, knockdown of hnRNP E1 by RNA interference inhibited the effects of JL014 on VEC apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of JL014 on the expression of HMBOX1, a key VEC apoptosis inhibitor and autophagy inducer by inhibiting mTOR signaling and the level of cleaved caspase-3. Our results demonstrated that JL014 enhanced mRNA transcription and increased protein synthesis of HMBOX1. JL014 also inhibited mTOR signaling and the cleaved caspase-3 level. Mechanistic studies revealed that hnRNP E1 could bind to the promoter and 5'UTR of HMBOX1 and active HMBOX1 expression. Therefore, our results firmly establish hnRNP E1 as a new regulator of VEC apoptosis and autophagy through mediating HMBOX1 expression, and opened the door to a novel therapeutic drug for related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yan Gong
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xin Mu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yan Hong Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Le Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Cheng Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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17
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Wang X, Guo J, Che X, Jia R. PCBP1 inhibits the expression of oncogenic STAT3 isoform by targeting alternative splicing of STAT3 exon 23. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1177-1186. [PMID: 31223278 PMCID: PMC6567812 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT3 plays very important roles in the initiation and development of tumors. Despite of extensive studies in repressing its activation and function via multiple ways, so far, there are few effective therapeutic methods to inhibit STAT3 in the clinic. STAT3 has two isoforms generated by alternative splicing of exon 23. STAT3α is the longer isoform and encodes the full-length oncogenic STAT3α protein. STAT3β is shorter and encodes the truncated and tumor-suppressive STAT3β protein. It remains unknown how the alternative splicing of STAT3 exon 23 is regulated. Here, we discovered that there is an exonic splicing suppressor (ESS) in exon 23. Importantly, splicing factor PCBP1 binds to this ESS. Overexpression of PCBP1 significantly reduced the proportion of STAT3α /STAT3β isoforms and the expression of STAT3α protein. Moreover, increased PCBP1 inhibited the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma and breast cancer cells, and the expression of STAT3 target genes. Our results demonstrated that PCBP1 is the key splicing factor that promotes the switch from oncogenic isoform STAT3α to tumor-suppressive isoform STAT3β. Our results pave the way for finding new anti-STAT3 methods for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Che
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
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18
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Donato L, Scimone C, Nicocia G, D'Angelo R, Sidoti A. Role of oxidative stress in Retinitis pigmentosa: new involved pathways by an RNA-Seq analysis. Cell Cycle 2018; 18:84-104. [PMID: 30569795 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1558873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a very heterogeneous inherited ocular disorder group characterized by progressive retinal disruption. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration, due to oxidative stress which arrests the metabolic support to photoreceptors, represents one of the principal causes of RP. Here, the role of oxidative stress in RP onset and progression was analyzed by a comparative whole transcriptome analysis of human RPE cells, treated with 100 µg/ml of oxLDL and untreated, at different time points. Experiment was thrice repeated and performed on Ion ProtonTM sequencing system. Data analysis, including low quality reads trimming and gene expression quantification, was realized by CLC Genomics Workbench software. The whole analysis highlighted 14 clustered "macro-pathways" and many sub-pathways, classified by selection of 5271 genes showing the highest alteration of expression. Among them, 23 genes were already known to be RP causative ones (15 over-expressed and 8 down-expressed), and their enrichment and intersection analyses highlighted new 77 candidate related genes (49 over-expressed and 28 down-expressed). A final filtering analysis then highlighted 29 proposed candidate genes. This data suggests that many new genes, not yet associated with RP, could influence its etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Donato
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Concetta Scimone
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Giacomo Nicocia
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Rosalia D'Angelo
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Antonina Sidoti
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
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19
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Guo J, Jia R. Splicing factor poly(rC)-binding protein 1 is a novel and distinctive tumor suppressor. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:33-41. [PMID: 30132844 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A lot of evidence has been found on the link between tumorigenesis and the aberrant expression of splicing factors. A number of splicing factors have been reported to be either oncogenic or overexpressed in cancer cells. However, splicing factors can also play negative roles in tumorigenesis. In the current review, we focus on splicing factor poly(rC)-binding protein 1 (PCBP1), a novel tumor suppressor that is characterized by downregulation in many cancer types and shows inhibition of tumor formation and metastasis. Notably, the messenger RNA levels of PCBP1 are not significantly decreased in most cancer types. In fact, PCBP1 protein is often degraded or shows a loss-of-function through phosphorylation in cancer cells. PCBP1 is highly homologous to its family member, PCBP2. Interestingly, PCBP2 appears to be an oncogenic splicing factor. A growing body of evidence has shown that PCBP1 regulates alternative splicing, translation, and RNA stability of many cancer-related genes. Taking together, PCBP1 has distinctive tumor suppressive functions, and increasing PCBP1 expression may represent a new approach for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Jia
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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20
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Xu L, Liu J, Chen Y, Yun L, Chen S, Zhou K, Lai B, Song L, Yang H, Liang H, Tang H. Inhibition of autophagy enhances Hydroquinone-induced TK6 cell death. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 41:123-132. [PMID: 28263894 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydroquinone (HQ), one of the metabolic products of benzene, is a carcinogen. It can induce apoptosis in lymphoma cells. However, whether HQ can induce autophagy and what roles autophagy plays in TK6 cells exposured to HQ remains unclear. In this study, we found that HQ could induce autophagy through techniques of qRT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescent assay of LC3 and transmission electron microscope. Furthermore, inhibiting autophagy using 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or chloroquine (CQ) significantly enhanced HQ-induced cell apoptosis, suggesting that autophagy may be a survival mechanism. Our study also showed that HQ activated PARP-1. Moreover, knockdown of PARP-1 strongly exhibited decreased autophagy related genes expression. In contrast, the absence of SIRT1 increased that. Altogether, our data provided evidence that HQ induced autophagy in TK6 cells and autophagy protected TK6 from HQ attack-induced injury in vitro, and the autophagy was partially mediated via activation of the PARP-1-SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longmei Xu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxian Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Yun
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoyun Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Kairu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Bei Lai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Song
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hairong Liang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanwen Tang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, PR-523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
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