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Shi Z, Chen Y, Liu A, Zeng J, Xie W, Lin X, Cheng Y, Xu H, Zhou J, Gao S, Feng C, Zhang H, Sun Y. Application of random survival forest to establish a nomogram combining clinlabomics-score and clinical data for predicting brain metastasis in primary lung cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03688-x. [PMID: 39225959 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish a nomogram for predicting brain metastasis (BM) in primary lung cancer at 12, 18, and 24 months after initial diagnosis. METHODS In this study, we included 428 patients who were diagnosed with primary lung cancer at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 2020 and January 2022. The endpoint event was BM. The patients were randomly categorized into two groups in a 7:3 ratio: training (n = 299) and validation (n = 129) sets. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was utilized to analyze the laboratory test results in the training set. Furthermore, clinlabomics-score was determined using regression coefficients. Then, clinlabomics-score was combined with clinical data to construct a nomogram using random survival forest (RSF) and Cox multivariate regression. Then, various methods were used to evaluate the performance of the nomogram. RESULTS Five independent predictive factors (pathological type, diameter, lymph node metastasis, non-lymph node metastasis and clinlabomics-score) were used to construct the nomogram. In the validation set, the bootstrap C-index was 0.7672 (95% CI 0.7092-0.8037), 12-month AUC was 0.787 (95% CI 0.708-0.865), 18-month AUC was 0.809 (95% CI 0.735-0.884), and 24-month AUC was 0.858 (95% CI 0.792-0.924). In addition, the calibration curve, decision curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves revealed a good performance of the nomogram. CONCLUSIONS Finally, we constructed and validated a nomogram to predict BM risk in primary lung cancer. Our nomogram can identify patients at high risk of BM and provide a reference for clinical decision-making at different disease time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Aoyu Liu
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingya Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wanlin Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huimin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jialing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunyuan Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yihua Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
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Zhang L, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Wang H, Cheng J, Shi C. A Nomogram Based on Clinicopathological Characteristics for Estimating the Risk of Brain Metastasis from Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Multi-Center Retrospective Clinical Study. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2024; 20:391-404. [PMID: 38948303 PMCID: PMC11213533 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s460647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although brain metastasis (BM) from gastric cancer (GC) is relatively uncommon, its incidence has been increasing owing to advancements in treatment modalities. Unfortunately, patients diagnosed with BM from gastric cancer have poor life expectancy. Our study aims to establish a predictive model for brain metastasis in advanced gastric cancer patients, thus enabling the timely diagnosis of brain metastasis. Patients and Methods The clinicopathological features of a cohort which included 40 GC patients with brain metastasis, 32 of whom from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 2 from Gaoxin Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, remaining 6 from Anyang District Hospital, and 80 non-metastatic advanced GC patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between 2018 and 2022. Data were retrospectively analyzed. Results Age, tumor size, differentiation, lymph node grade, tumor location, Lauren classification, liver metastasis, carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2) were associated with BM. A nomogram integrated with nine risk factors (tumor size, differentiation, lymph node grade, tumor location, Lauren classification, liver metastasis, CA-199, LDH, and Her-2) showed good performance (Area Under Curve 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98). Conclusion We developed and validated a nomogram that achieved individualized prediction of the possibility of BM from GC. This model enables personalized imaging review schedules for timely brain metastasis detection in advanced gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Gaoxin Branch Of The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zimu Yu
- Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Gaoxin Branch Of The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hengyu Wang
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People’s Republic of China
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Juntao Cheng
- Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Shi
- Department of Oncology, Gaoxin Branch Of The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
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Benzaquen D, Lawrence YR, Taussky D, Zwahlen D, Oehler C, Champion A. The Crosstalk between Nerves and Cancer-A Poorly Understood Phenomenon and New Possibilities. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1875. [PMID: 38791953 PMCID: PMC11120349 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Crosstalk occurs between nerve and cancer cells. These interactions are important for cancer homeostasis and metabolism. Nerve cells influence the tumor microenvironment (TME) and participate in metastasis through neurogenesis, neural extension, and axonogenesis. We summarized the past and current literature on the interaction between nerves and cancer, with a special focus on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), prostate cancer (PCa), and the role of the nerve growth factor (NGF) in cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS We reviewed PubMed and Google Scholar for the relevant literature on the relationship between nerves, neurotrophins, and cancer in general and specifically for both PCa and PDAC. RESULTS The NGF helped sustain cancer cell proliferation and evade immune defense. It is a neuropeptide involved in neurogenic inflammation through the activation of several cells of the immune system by several proinflammatory cytokines. Both PCa and PDAC employ different strategies to evade immune defense. The prostate is richly innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, which helps in both growth control and homeostasis. Newly formed autonomic nerve fibers grow into cancer cells and contribute to cancer initiation and progression through the activation of β-adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic signaling. Surgical or chemical sympathectomy prevents the development of prostate cancer. Beta-blockers have a high therapeutic potential for cancer, although current clinical data have been contradictory. With a better understanding of the beta-receptors, one could identify specific receptors that could have an effect on prostate cancer development or act as therapeutic agents. CONCLUSION The bidirectional crosstalk between the nervous system and cancer cells has emerged as a crucial regulator of cancer and its microenvironment. Denervation has been shown to be promising in vitro and in animal models. Additionally, there is a potential relationship between cancer and psychosocial biology through neurotransmitters and neurotrophins.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Benzaquen
- Radiation Oncology, Hôpital de La Tour, 1217 Meyrin, Switzerland; (D.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Yaacov R. Lawrence
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 39040, Israel;
| | - Daniel Taussky
- Radiation Oncology, Hôpital de La Tour, 1217 Meyrin, Switzerland; (D.B.); (A.C.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada
| | - Daniel Zwahlen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland; (D.Z.); (C.O.)
| | - Christoph Oehler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland; (D.Z.); (C.O.)
| | - Ambroise Champion
- Radiation Oncology, Hôpital de La Tour, 1217 Meyrin, Switzerland; (D.B.); (A.C.)
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Guan C, Zhang X, Yu L. A Review of Recent Advances in the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Brain Metastasis in Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:627-637. [PMID: 38123448 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastasis from lung cancer is a prevalent mode of treatment failure associated with a poor prognosis. The incidence of brain metastasis has recently shown a dramatic increase. The early detection and risk stratification of lung cancer-related brain metastasis would be highly advantageous for patients. However, our current knowledge and comprehension of the underlying mechanisms driving brain metastasis in lung cancer pose significant challenges. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying brain metastasis, focusing on the intricate interplay between lung cancer-derived tumor cells and the unique characteristics of the brain, recent advancements in the identification of driver genes, concomitant genes, epigenetic features, including miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, as well as the molecular characterization of brain metastasis originating from other organs, which may further enhance risk stratification and facilitate precise treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Guan
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Song Z, Xue Z, Wang Y, Imran M, Assiri M, Fahad S. Insights into the roles of non-coding RNAs and angiogenesis in glioblastoma: An overview of current research and future perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130567. [PMID: 38242182 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive type of primary brain cancer with a poor prognosis, and despite intensive research, survival rates have not significantly improved. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of GBM pathogenesis, including angiogenesis, which is essential for tumor growth and invasion. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as regulators of angiogenesis in GBM. miRNAs such as miR-21, miR-10b, and miR-26a promote angiogenesis by targeting anti-angiogenic factors, while lncRNAs such as H19 and MALAT1 inhibit angiogenesis by regulating pro-angiogenic factors. CircRNAs, such as circSMARCA5 and circBACH2, also regulate angiogenesis through various mechanisms. Similarly, signaling pathways such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway play critical roles in angiogenesis and have been targeted for GBM therapy. However, resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies is a significant obstacle in clinical practice. Developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting ncRNAs and angiogenesis is a promising approach for GBM. Potential targets include miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and downstream signaling pathways that regulate angiogenesis. This review highlights the critical roles of ncRNAs and angiogenesis in GBM pathogenesis and the potential for new therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways to improve the prognosis and quality of life for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfei Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, SIR Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoliang Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, SIR Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, SIR Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan; Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
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Luciano A, Liguori L, Polcaro G, Sabbatino F, Pepe S. Evaluation of Potential Predictive Biomarkers for Defining Brain Radiotherapy Efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases: A Case Report and a Narrative Review. Clin Pract 2023; 13:1549-1560. [PMID: 38131685 PMCID: PMC10742049 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13060136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the second most common cancer worldwide, resulting in 1.8 million deaths per year. Most patients are diagnosed with a metastatic disease. Brain metastases are one of the most common metastatic sites and are associated with severe neurological symptoms, shorter survival, and the worst clinical outcomes. Brain radiotherapy and systemic oncological therapies are currently used for controlling both cancer progression and neurological symptoms. Brain radiotherapy includes stereotactic brain ablative radiotherapy (SBRT) or whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT). SBRT is applied for single or multiple (up to ten) small (diameter less than 4 cm) lesions, whereas WBRT is usually applied for multiple (more than ten) and large (diameter greater than 4 cm) brain metastases. In both cases, radiotherapy application may be viewed as an overtreatment which causes severe toxicities without achieving a significant clinical benefit. Thus far, a number of scoring systems to define the potential clinical benefits derived from brain radiotherapy have been proposed. However, most are not well established in clinical practice. In this article, we present a clinical case of a patient with advanced NSCLC carrying a BRAFV600E mutation and brain metastases. We review the variables in addition to applicable scoring systems considered to have potential for predicting clinical outcomes and benefits of brain radiotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC and brain metastases. Lastly, we highlight the unmet need of specific scoring systems for advanced NSCLC patients with brain metastases carrying oncogene alterations including BRAFV600E mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Luciano
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.); (L.L.); (G.P.); (S.P.)
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Liguori
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.); (L.L.); (G.P.); (S.P.)
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Polcaro
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.); (L.L.); (G.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.); (L.L.); (G.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefano Pepe
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.); (L.L.); (G.P.); (S.P.)
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Osaid Z, Haider M, Hamoudi R, Harati R. Exosomes Interactions with the Blood-Brain Barrier: Implications for Cerebral Disorders and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15635. [PMID: 37958619 PMCID: PMC10648512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is a selective structural and functional barrier between the circulatory system and the cerebral environment, playing an essential role in maintaining cerebral homeostasis by limiting the passage of harmful molecules. Exosomes, nanovesicles secreted by virtually all cell types into body fluids, have emerged as a major mediator of intercellular communication. Notably, these vesicles can cross the BBB and regulate its physiological functions. However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which exosomes regulate the BBB remain unclear. Recent research studies focused on the effect of exosomes on the BBB, particularly in the context of their involvement in the onset and progression of various cerebral disorders, including solid and metastatic brain tumors, stroke, neurodegenerative, and neuroinflammatory diseases. This review focuses on discussing and summarizing the current knowledge about the role of exosomes in the physiological and pathological modulation of the BBB. A better understanding of this regulation will improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cerebral diseases and will enable the design of effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaynab Osaid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohamed Haider
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7EJ, UK
| | - Rania Harati
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
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Zhang X, Song Q, Zeng L. Circulating hsa_circ_0072309, acting via the miR-100/ACKR3 pathway, maybe a potential biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18005-18019. [PMID: 37496297 PMCID: PMC10523940 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the main causes of lung cancer-related death is brain metastasis (BM). Finding early indicators of BM derived from lung cancer is crucial. Therefore, this study was designed to determine if serum hsa_circ_0072309 may be employed as a potential biomarker for BM induced by non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to understand its possible underlying mechanism. METHODS Primary lung cancer and healthy neighboring tissues were obtained from all patients, while BM tissues were taken from BM+ patients. Serum specimens were collected from all patients and healthy volunteers. Hsa_circ_001653, miR-100, and ACKR3 RNA expressions were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) protein expression by western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In order to examine the effect of serum hsa_circ_0072309 and its relevant mechanism on BM development, an NSCLC-associated BM model in mice was established. RESULTS According to the results, miR-100 expression was down-regulated in primary lung cancer tissues compared to healthy lung tissues in all NSCLC patients, and circ_0072309 and ACKR3 expression were up-regulated. In BM tissues compared with primary lung tumors of BM+ patients, in serum samples from all patients compared to healthy volunteers, and in lung tumors of BM+ patients compared to those from BM- patients. Patients' serum exhibits the same level of hsa_circ_0072309/miR-100/ACKR3 expression as in BM samples. Advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, higher BM, shorter post-operative overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) are all substantially associated with increased serum circ_0072309 levels in BM+ patients. In animal models, serum owning hsa_circ_0072309 from BM+ patients facilitates BM formation by regulating the miR-100/ACKR3 pathway. CONCLUSIONS The current preliminary research reveals serum hsa_circ_0072309 as a possible biomarker and target for early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of NSCLC-derived BM and suggests a substantial role for the hsa_circ_0072309/miR-100/ACKR3 axis in the formation of BM from NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Qiang Zhang
- Department of thoracic surgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Qian Song
- Department of thoracic surgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Lin‐Xiang Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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Chen X, Huang Y, Chen F, She H, Chen X. Risk factors and prognostic factors for pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with brain metastasis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4087-4099. [PMID: 36125491 PMCID: PMC9972106 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the studies regarding the brain metastasis (BM) of pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) are insufficient, the present research aims to describe the risk factors and prognostic factors that are related to cancer-specific survival (CSS) for LCNEC patients with BM. METHODS The data of LCNEC patients between January 2010 and October 2018 were obtained from the SEER database. Binary logistic regression analyses were utilized to screen the possible risk factors related to BM. Prognostic factors for LCNEC patients with BM were indentified by Cox regression analyses. Moreover, a nomogram was established to predict the 6-, 12-, and 18-month CSS rates. The concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were utilized to assess the discrimination and reliability of the model. Clinical decision curves (DCAs) were used to evaluate the clinical benefits and utility of our model. RESULTS Totally, 1875 patients were enrolled, with 294 (15.7%) of them having BM at diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that patients with age < 65 (odds ratio, OR = 1.564) and N2 staging (OR = 1.775) had a greater chance of developing BM. Age (≥ 65 vs. < 65: hazard ratio, HR = 1.409), T staging (T1 vs. T0: HR = 4.580; T2 vs. T0: HR = 6.008; T3 vs. T0: HR = 7.065; T4 vs. T0: HR = 6.821), N staging (N2 vs. N0: HR = 1.592; N3 vs. N0: HR = 1.654), liver metastasis (HR = 1.410), primary site surgery (HR = 0.581) and chemotherapy (HR = 0.452) were independent prognostic factors for LCNEC patients with BM. A nomogram prediction model was constructed by incorporating these factors. Using the C-index, calibration curves, ROC curves, and DCAs, we found that the clinical prediction model performed well. CONCLUSION We described the risk factors and prognostic factors that were associated with CSS for LCNEC patients with BM. The related nomogram was established and validated to help clinicians formulate more rational and effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yedong Huang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangrong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui She
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases (Fujian Medical University Union Hospital), Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Kozak MM, Karl J, von Eyben R, Guo F, Gutkin P, Horst K. Incidence of Brain Metastases in Women Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Implications for Screening. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:e916-e921. [PMID: 36068116 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with metastatic breast cancer may develop brain metastases. Our study identified high-risk patients to refine selection criteria for BM screening approaches. PATIENTS We reviewed breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) at a single university center between 2005 and 2019. METHODS Competing risks analysis was performed with the Fine and Gray model to analyze the cumulative incidence of BM and loco-regional recurrence. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests. Multivariable analysis was performed with Cox proportional hazards regression to identify factors predictive for development of BM. Statistical significance was determined as a 2-sided P value of <.05. RESULTS In total, 112 patients experienced distant failure (DF) and 49 patients developed BM. Twenty patients with BM (41%) presented with symptoms requiring craniotomy +/- whole brain radiation treatment. Patients with BM were significantly more likely to have local (P < .01) and regional (P < .01) failure. On multivariable analysis, age <40 years (P = .011), presence of lung metastases (P < .0001), and residual nodal disease with >4 lymph nodes positive after NAC (P = .024) all predicted for increased likelihood of BM. Patients with these criteria had higher likelihoods of having BM (P = .013) and worse PFS (P = .044). On multivariable analysis for OS, presence of lung metastases was the most significant predictor of poor outcome (P < .0001). CONCLUSION We propose a study of screening brain MRI for young (<40 years) patients with breast cancer receiving NAC and patients who develop metastatic disease post-NAC, especially those with lung involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Kozak
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA
| | - Jamie Karl
- Stanford University, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford, CA
| | - Rie von Eyben
- Stanford University, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford, CA
| | - Felicia Guo
- Stanford University, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford, CA
| | - Paulina Gutkin
- Stanford University, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford, CA
| | - Kathleen Horst
- Stanford University, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford, CA.
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Shang J, You H, Dong C, Li Y, Cheng Y, Tang Y, Guo B, Gong J, Ling X, Xu H. Predictive value of baseline metabolic tumor burden on 18F-FDG PET/CT for brain metastases in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1029684. [PMID: 36387169 PMCID: PMC9643834 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1029684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Brain metastases (BMs) are a major cause leading to the failure of treatment management for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of baseline metabolic tumor burden on 18F-FDG PET/CT measured with metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for brain metastases (BMs) development in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after treatment. METHODS Forty-seven patients with stage IIB-IIIC NSCLC who underwent baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations were retrospectively reviewed. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), MTV, and TLG of the primary tumor (SUVmaxT, MTVT, and TLGT), metastatic lymph nodes (SUVmaxN, MTVN, and TLGN), and whole-body tumors (SUVmaxWB, MTVWB, and TLGWB) were measured. The optimal cut-off values of PET parameters to predict brain metastasis-free survival were obtained using Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and the predictive value of clinical variables and PET parameters were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS The median follow-up duration was 25.0 months for surviving patients, and 13 patients (27.7%) developed BM. The optimal cut-off values were 21.1 mL and 150.0 g for MTVT and TLGT, 20.0, 10.9 mL and 55.6 g for SUVmaxN, MTVN and TLGN, and 27.9, 27.4 mL and 161.0 g for SUVmaxWB, MTVWB and TLGWB, respectively. In the Cox proportional hazards models, the risk of BM was significantly associated with MTVN and MTVWB or TLGN and TLGWB after adjusting for histological cell type, N stage, SUVmaxN, and SUVmaxWB. CONCLUSIONS Baseline metabolic tumor burden (MTV and TLG) evaluated from the level of metastatic lymph nodes and whole-body tumors are significant predictive factors for BM development in patients with locally advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Shang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimin You
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjin Tang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Gong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Ling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Huimin Z, Xueting W, Qi Q, Lingxin F, Xue Y, Zhuang Y, Jing W. Multiple Primary Lung Cancers With ALK Rearrangement: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:897451. [PMID: 35677159 PMCID: PMC9168597 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.897451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple primary lung cancers (MPLCs) are that patients with lung cancer may present with two primary tumors at the same time (synchronous multiple primary lung cancer, SMPLC) or may develop a second, metachronous primary lung cancer after treatment of the initial lesion. Currently, there are no definitive guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of multiple primary lung cancers. Herein, we report a case of double primary lung cancers with ALK rearrangement. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiotherapy. After these treatments, the patient was free of locally recurrent or distant disease at 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Huimin
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wang Xueting
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Feng Lingxin
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Xue
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wang Jing
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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13
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Ramachandran S, Verma AK, Dev K, Goyal Y, Bhatt D, Alsahli MA, Rahmani AH, Almatroudi A, Almatroodi SA, Alrumaihi F, Khan NA. Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in NSCLC Immune Navigation and Proliferation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5563746. [PMID: 34336101 PMCID: PMC8313354 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5563746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
With over a million deaths every year around the world, lung cancer is found to be the most recurrent cancer among all types. Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) amounts to about 85% of the entire cases. The other 15% owes it to small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Despite decades of research, the prognosis for NSCLC patients is poorly understood with treatment options limited. First, this article emphasises on the part that tumour microenvironment (TME) and its constituents play in lung cancer progression. This review also highlights the inflammatory (pro- or anti-) roles of different cytokines (ILs, TGF-β, and TNF-α) and chemokine (CC, CXC, C, and CX3C) families in the lung TME, provoking tumour growth and subsequent metastasis. The write-up also pinpoints recent developments in the field of chemokine biology. Additionally, it covers the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), as alternate carriers of cytokines and chemokines. This allows the cytokines/chemokines to modulate the EVs for their secretion, trafficking, and aid in cancer proliferation. In the end, this review also stresses on the role of these factors as prognostic biomarkers for lung immunotherapy, apart from focusing on inflammatory actions of these chemoattractants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Ramachandran
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Main Campus, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit K Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Dev
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Yamini Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepti Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naushad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Alatoo International University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
- Department of Trauma and Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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14
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Wang L, Zhao Q, Wang J, Wang T, Sun L, Chen Q, Li J, Zeng F. A novel model for extrapleural cavity metastasis assessment in patients with lung cancer. Biomark Med 2021; 15:389-399. [PMID: 33709781 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the clinical value of tumor markers in extrapleural tumor metastasis assessment of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. Materials & methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 306 patients diagnosed with lung cancer accompanied by tumor metastasis. Patients were grouped into extrapleural tumor metastasis and intrapleural tumor metastasis. Seven serum tumor markers were included for analysis. Results: The area under curves of receiver operating characteristic curve based on binning decision tree algorithm were above 0.8 in both training and validation sets. A scorecard with a score below 3 suggested extrapleural tumor metastasis in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. Conclusion: The serum tumor marker-derived model is a convenient and fast approach for extrapleural cavity metastasis assessment, which may provide positive implications in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Wang
- Faculty of Information Technology, Macau University of Science & Technology, Macao, China
| | - Qinglin Zhao
- Faculty of Information Technology, Macau University of Science & Technology, Macao, China
| | - Jiasi Wang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, China.,Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingjie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Liangli Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianlai Chen
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanxin Zeng
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
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15
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Zhang J, Xu J, Jin S, Gao W, Guo R, Chen L. The development and validation of a nomogram for predicting brain metastases in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients: an analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:270-281. [PMID: 33569207 PMCID: PMC7867817 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-3494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The incidence of brain metastasis (BM) in patients suffering from lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is lower than that in patients suffering from non-squamous cell carcinoma (NSCC) and there are few studies on BM of LUSC. The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain the risk factors of LUSC, as well as to establish a nomogram prognostic model to predict the incidence of BM in patients with LUSC. Methods Patients diagnosed with LUSC between 2010 and 2015 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and the patient data were collated. All patients diagnosed from 2010–2012 were allocated into the training cohort, and the remaining patients diagnosed from 2013–2015 formed the test cohort. Using factors that were screened out through logistic regression analyses, the nomogram in the training cohort was established. It was then evaluated for discrimination and calibration using the test cohort. The performance of the nomogram was assessed by quantifying the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and evaluating the calibration curve. Results A total of 26,154 LUSC patients were included in the study. The training cohort consisted of 16,543 patients and there were 8611 patients in the test cohort. Age, marital status, insurance status, histological grade, tumor location, laterality, stage of the cancer, number of metastatic organs, chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy were highly correlated with the incidence of BM. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the nomogram for the training cohort and the test cohort were 0.810 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.796 to 0.823] and 0.805 (95% CI: 0.784 to 0.825), respectively. The slope of the calibration curve was close to 1. Conclusions The nomogram was able to accurately predict the incidence of BM. This may be beneficial for the early identification of high-risk LUSC patients and the establishment of individualized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Zhang
- Nanjing Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shidai Jin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Gao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renhua Guo
- Nanjing Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Cacho-Díaz B, García-Botello DR, Wegman-Ostrosky T, Reyes-Soto G, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Herrera-Montalvo LA. Tumor microenvironment differences between primary tumor and brain metastases. J Transl Med 2020; 18:1. [PMID: 31900168 PMCID: PMC6941297 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review aimed to discuss contemporary scientific literature involving differences between the tumor microenvironment (TME) in melanoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer in their primary site and TME in brain metastases (BM). TME plays a fundamental role in the behavior of cancer. In the process of carcinogenesis, cells such as fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, natural killer cells, and other cells can perpetuate and progress carcinogenesis via the secretion of molecules. Oxygen concentration, growth factors, and receptors in TME initiate angiogenesis and are examples of the importance of microenvironmental conditions in the performance of neoplastic cells. The most frequent malignant brain tumors are metastatic in origin and primarily originate from lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma. Metastatic cancer cells have to adhere to and penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). After traversing BBB, these cells have to survive by producing various cytokines, chemokines, and mediators to modify their new TME. The microenvironment of these metastases is currently being studied owing to the discovery of new therapeutic targets. In these three types of tumors, treatment is more effective in the primary tumor than in BM due to several factors, including BBB. Understanding the differences in the characteristics of the microenvironment surrounding the primary tumor and their respective metastasis might help improve strategies to comprehend cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Cacho-Díaz
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22. Col. Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, ZC, Mexico.
| | - Donovan R García-Botello
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22. Col. Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, ZC, Mexico
| | - Talia Wegman-Ostrosky
- Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22. Col. Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, ZC, Mexico
| | - Gervith Reyes-Soto
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22. Col. Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, ZC, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22. Col. Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, ZC, Mexico
| | - Luis Alonso Herrera-Montalvo
- Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22. Col. Sección XVI. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, ZC, Mexico.
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17
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KRAS Exon 3 and PTEN Exon 7 Mutations in Small-cell Lung Cancer. Curr Med Sci 2019; 39:379-384. [PMID: 31209806 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-019-2046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is recognized as one of the most aggressive and fatal malignant tumors. No significant improvement has been made to prolong the survival of SCLC patients. This study aimed to examine the mutation status of K-Ras (KRAS) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in SCLC patients in order to identify potential therapeutic targets for SCLC. Nineteen primary SCLC tumor specimens were enrolled in the study. Direct sequencing was performed to detect the mutations of KRAS exon 3 and PTEN exon 7 in the specimens. Kaplan- Meier and Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the overall survival (OS) of these SCLC patients. KRAS exon 3 mutation was found in 4 (21%) SCLC patients, and PTEN exon 7 mutation in only 1 (5%) SCLC patient. Kaplan Meier analysis showed that clinical stage and brain metastasis were significantly associated with OS (both P<0.05), but neither KRAS exon 3 mutation nor PTEN exon 7 mutation was significantly associated with OS (P>0.05). Cox proportional hazards regression model indicated that extensive stage of disease was the only independent negative prognostic factor for OS in SCLC patients. In conclusion, KRAS exon 3 and PTEN exon 7 mutations had no significant impact on OS of SCLC patients. Further study is still necessary to validate the molecular profiles of SCLC.
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18
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Hanssen A, Riebensahm C, Mohme M, Joosse SA, Velthaus JL, Berger LA, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Loges S, Lamszus K, Westphal M, Riethdorf S, Pantel K, Wikman H. Frequency of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) in Patients with Brain Metastases: Implications as a Risk Assessment Marker in Oligo-Metastatic Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E527. [PMID: 30572662 PMCID: PMC6315958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty percent of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients develop brain metastases, resulting in a dismal prognosis. However, patients in an oligo-metastatic brain disease setting seem to have better outcomes. Here, we investigate the possibility of using circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as biomarkers to differentiate oligo-metastatic patients for better risk assessment. Using the CellSearch® system, few CTCs were detected among NSCLC patients with brain metastases (n = 52, 12.5% ≥ two and 8.9% ≥ five CTC/7.5 mL blood) and especially oligo-metastatic brain patients (n = 34, 5.9%, and 2.9%). Still, thresholds of both ≥ two and ≥ five CTCs were independent prognostic indicators for shorter overall survival time among all of the NSCLC patients (n = 90, two CTC ≥ HR: 1.629, p = 0.024, 95% CI: 1.137⁻6.465 and five CTC ≥ HR: 2.846, p = 0.0304, CI: 1.104⁻7.339), as well as among patients with brain metastases (two CTC ≥ HR: 4.694, p = 0.004, CI: 1.650⁻13.354, and five CTC ≥ HR: 4.963, p = 0.003, CI: 1.752⁻14.061). Also, oligo-brain NSCLC metastatic patients with CTCs had a very poor prognosis (p = 0.019). Similarly, in other tumor entities, only 9.6% of patients with brain metastases (n = 52) had detectable CTCs. Our data indicate that although patients with brain metastases more seldom harbor CTCs, they are still predictive for overall survival, and CTCs might be a useful biomarker to identify oligo-metastatic NSCLC patients who might benefit from a more intense therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annkathrin Hanssen
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Carlotta Riebensahm
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Malte Mohme
- Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Janna-Lisa Velthaus
- Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Centre) University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Lars Arne Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Centre) University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sonja Loges
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Centre) University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sabine Riethdorf
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Harriet Wikman
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Global DNA demethylation as an epigenetic marker of human brain metastases. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180731. [PMID: 30254100 PMCID: PMC6200709 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are the most common intracranial tumors in adults. They usually originate from: lung, breast, renal cell and gastrointestinal cancers, as well as melanoma. Prognosis for brain metastases is still poor and classical treatment combining surgery and radiation therapy should be strongly supported with molecular approaches. However, their successful application depends on a deep understanding of not only genetic, but also epigenetic background of the disease. That will result in an earlier and more precise diagnosis, successful treatment, as well as individualized estimation of clinical outcomes and prognosis. It has already been shown that the epigenetic machinery plays a crucial role in cancer biology, development, and progression. Therefore, we decided to look for metastasis through changes in the most studied epigenetic mark, 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in DNA. We performed global analysis of the m5C contents in DNA isolated from the brain metastatic tumor tissue and peripheral blood samples of the same patients, using thin layer chromatography separation of radioactively labeled nucleotides. We found that the m5C level in DNA from brain metastases: changes in the broad range, overlaps with that of blood, and negatively correlates with the increasing tumor grade. Because the amount of m5C in tumor tissue and blood is almost identical, the genomic DNA methylation can be a useful marker for brain metastases detection and differentiation. Our research creates a scope for future studies on epigenetic mechanisms in neuro-oncology and can lead to development of new diagnostic methods in clinical practice.
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21
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Xu ZH, Miao ZW, Jiang QZ, Gan DX, Wei XG, Xue XZ, Li JQ, Zheng F, Qin XX, Fang WG, Chen YH, Li B. Brain microvascular endothelial cell exosome–mediated S100A16 up‐regulation confers small‐cell lung cancer cell survival in brain. FASEB J 2018; 33:1742-1757. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800428r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Xu
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Zi-Wei Miao
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qian-Zhu Jiang
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Dong-Xue Gan
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xu-Ge Wei
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xiao-Zhi Xue
- Department of Clinical MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Jue-Qi Li
- Department of Clinical MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Fei Zheng
- Department of Clinical MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xiao-Xue Qin
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Wen-Gang Fang
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yu-Hua Chen
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Developmental BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
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22
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Wilhelm I, Fazakas C, Molnár K, Végh AG, Haskó J, Krizbai IA. Foe or friend? Janus-faces of the neurovascular unit in the formation of brain metastases. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:563-587. [PMID: 28920514 PMCID: PMC5888855 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17732025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the potential obstacle represented by the blood-brain barrier for extravasating malignant cells, metastases are more frequent than primary tumors in the central nervous system. Not only tightly interconnected endothelial cells can hinder metastasis formation, other cells of the brain microenvironment (like astrocytes and microglia) can also be very hostile, destroying the large majority of metastatic cells. However, malignant cells that are able to overcome these harmful mechanisms may benefit from the shielding and even support provided by cerebral endothelial cells, astrocytes and microglia, rendering the brain a sanctuary site against anti-tumor strategies. Thus, cells of the neurovascular unit have a Janus-faced attitude towards brain metastatic cells, being both destructive and protective. In this review, we present the main mechanisms of brain metastasis formation, including those involved in extravasation through the brain vasculature and survival in the cerebral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imola Wilhelm
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Csilla Fazakas
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kinga Molnár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila G Végh
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Haskó
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István A Krizbai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
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23
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Sun YW, Xu J, Zhou J, Liu WJ. Targeted drugs for systemic therapy of lung cancer with brain metastases. Oncotarget 2017; 9:5459-5472. [PMID: 29435193 PMCID: PMC5797064 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are very common in lung cancer patients. The condition of these patients is complicated and difficult to treat, and adverse reactions following treatment can affect the nervous system, which severely reduces quality of life. Lung cancers are categorized as small cell lung cancers and non-small cell lung cancers. Patients with brain metastasis of small cell lung cancers are generally treated with brain radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy, but stage III/IV patients with brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancers are generally not responsive to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. With the recent development of targeted drugs, tumor molecular profile detection allows the selection of appropriate targeted drugs for adjuvant pharmacological treatment of brain metastasis in lung cancer patients. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged and have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of certain cancers, but their efficacy in lung cancer patients with brain metastases still needs to be confirmed. This paper focuses on highlighting drugs for targeted therapy of brain metastasis in lung cancer patients and their molecular targets and mechanisms of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Sun
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- University of South Carolina, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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24
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Lim SM, Kim HR, Lee JS, Lee KH, Lee YG, Min YJ, Cho EK, Lee SS, Kim BS, Choi MY, Shim HS, Chung JH, La Choi Y, Lee MJ, Kim M, Kim JH, Ali SM, Ahn MJ, Cho BC. Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase II Study of Ceritinib in Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Harboring ROS1 Rearrangement. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35:2613-2618. [PMID: 28520527 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.71.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose ROS1 rearrangement is a distinct molecular subset of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated the efficacy and safety of ceritinib in patients with ROS1-rearranged NSCLC. Patients and Methods We enrolled 32 patients with advanced NSCLC who tested positive for ROS1 rearrangement by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Ceritinib 750 mg was administered once daily. The primary end point was objective response rate. The secondary end points were disease control rate; duration of response; progression-free survival; overall survival; toxicity; and concordance among fluorescent in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and next-generation sequencing. Results Between June 7, 2013, and February 1, 2016, 404 patients underwent ROS1 prescreening, and 32 patients with ROS1 rearrangement were enrolled. All patients except two were crizotinib-naïve. At the time of data cutoff, the median follow-up was 14.0 months, and 18 patients (56%) had discontinued treatment. Of the 32 patients enrolled, 28 were evaluable for response by independent radiologic review. Objective response rate was 62% (95% CI, 45% to 77%), with one complete response and 19 partial responses; duration of response was 21.0 months (95% CI, 17 to 25 months); and disease control rate was 81% (95% CI, 65% to 91%). The median progression-free survival was 9.3 months (95% CI, 0 to 22 months) for all patients and 19.3 months (95% CI, 1 to 37 months) for crizotinib-naïve patients. The median overall survival was 24 months (95% CI, 5 to 43 months). Of the eight patients with brain metastases, intracranial disease control was reported in five (63%; 95% CI, 31% to 86%). The most common adverse events (majority, grade 1 or 2) for all treated patients were diarrhea (78%), nausea (59%), and anorexia (56%). Conclusion Ceritinib demonstrated potent clinical activity in patients with ROS1-rearranged NSCLC who were heavily treated previously with multiple lines of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Min Lim
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Jong-Seok Lee
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Ki Hyeong Lee
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Yun-Gyoo Lee
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Young Joo Min
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Eun Kyung Cho
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Sung Sook Lee
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Bong-Seog Kim
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Moon Young Choi
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Hyo Sup Shim
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Jin-Haeng Chung
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Yoon La Choi
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Min Jeong Lee
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Maria Kim
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Joo-Hang Kim
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Siraj M Ali
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Sun Min Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Joo-Hang Kim, and Byoung Chul Cho, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yun-Gyoo Lee, Yoon La Choi, and Myung-Ju Ahn, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Bong-Seog Kim, VHS Medical Center; Min Jeong Lee and Maria Kim, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul; Jong-Seok Lee and Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang; Ki Hyeong Lee, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju; Young Joo Min, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; Eun Kyung Cho, Gachon Medical School, Inchon; Sung Sook Lee, Inje University College of Medicine; Moon Young Choi, Inje University, Busan; Jin-Haeng Chung, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; and Siraj M. Ali, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
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Na/K Pump and Beyond: Na/K-ATPase as a Modulator of Apoptosis and Autophagy. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040578. [PMID: 28430151 PMCID: PMC6154632 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of global cancer deaths. Na/K-ATPase has been studied as a target for cancer treatment. Cardiotonic steroids (CS) trigger intracellular signalling upon binding to Na/K-ATPase. Normal lung and tumour cells frequently express different pump isoforms. Thus, Na/K-ATPase is a powerful target for lung cancer treatment. Drugs targeting Na/K-ATPase may induce apoptosis and autophagy in transformed cells. We argue that Na/K-ATPase has a role as a potential target in chemotherapy in lung cancer treatment. We discuss the effects of Na/K-ATPase ligands and molecular pathways inducing deleterious effects on lung cancer cells, especially those leading to apoptosis and autophagy.
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