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Socha MW, Flis W, Wartęga M. Epigenetic Genome Modifications during Pregnancy: The Impact of Essential Nutritional Supplements on DNA Methylation. Nutrients 2024; 16:678. [PMID: 38474806 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is an extremely stressful period in a pregnant woman's life. Currently, women's awareness of the proper course of pregnancy and its possible complications is constantly growing. Therefore, a significant percentage of women increasingly reach for various dietary supplements during gestation. Some of the most popular substances included in multi-ingredient supplements are folic acid and choline. Those substances are associated with positive effects on fetal intrauterine development and fewer possible pregnancy-associated complications. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the impacts of specific environmental factors, such as diet, stress, physical activity, etc., on epigenetic modifications, understood as changes occurring in gene expression without the direct alteration of DNA sequences. Substances such as folic acid and choline may participate in epigenetic modifications by acting via a one-carbon cycle, leading to the methyl-group donor formation. Those nutrients may indirectly impact genome phenotype by influencing the process of DNA methylation. This review article presents the current state of knowledge on the use of folic acid and choline supplementation during pregnancy, taking into account their impacts on the maternal-fetal unit and possible pregnancy outcomes, and determining possible mechanisms of action, with particular emphasis on their possible impacts on epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej W Socha
- Department of Perinatology, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Łukasiewicza 1, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Adalbert's Hospital in Gdańsk, Copernicus Healthcare Entity, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Flis
- Department of Perinatology, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Łukasiewicza 1, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Adalbert's Hospital in Gdańsk, Copernicus Healthcare Entity, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wartęga
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Bou Ghanem A, Hussayni Y, Kadbey R, Ratel Y, Yehya S, Khouzami L, Ghadieh HE, Kanaan A, Azar S, Harb F. Exploring the complexities of 1C metabolism: implications in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 15:1322419. [PMID: 38239489 PMCID: PMC10794399 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1322419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay of one-carbon metabolism (OCM) with various cellular processes has garnered substantial attention due to its fundamental implications in several biological processes. OCM serves as a pivotal hub for methyl group donation in vital biochemical reactions, influencing DNA methylation, protein synthesis, and redox balance. In the context of aging, OCM dysregulation can contribute to epigenetic modifications and aberrant redox states, accentuating cellular senescence and age-associated pathologies. Furthermore, OCM's intricate involvement in cancer progression is evident through its capacity to provide essential one-carbon units crucial for nucleotide synthesis and DNA methylation, thereby fueling uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumor development. In neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, perturbations in OCM pathways are implicated in the dysregulation of neurotransmitter synthesis and mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to disease pathophysiology. This review underscores the profound impact of OCM in diverse disease contexts, reinforcing the need for a comprehensive understanding of its molecular complexities to pave the way for targeted therapeutic interventions across inflammation, aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Bou Ghanem
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Yaman Hussayni
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Raghid Kadbey
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Yara Ratel
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Shereen Yehya
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Lara Khouzami
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hilda E. Ghadieh
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
- AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amjad Kanaan
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Sami Azar
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Frederic Harb
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
- AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Sangha V, Aboulhassane S, Qu QR, Bendayan R. Protective effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone in brain folate deficiency. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:84. [PMID: 37981683 PMCID: PMC10659058 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folates (Vitamin B9) are critical for normal neurodevelopment and function, with transport mediated by three major pathways: folate receptor alpha (FRα), proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT), and reduced folate carrier (RFC). Cerebral folate uptake primarily occurs at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) through concerted actions of FRα and PCFT, with impaired folate transport resulting in the neurological disorder cerebral folate deficiency (CFD). Increasing evidence suggests that disorders associated with CFD also present with neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, however the role of brain folate deficiency in inducing these abnormalities is not well-understood. Our laboratory has identified the upregulation of RFC by nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) once indirectly activated by the natural compound pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). PQQ is also of interest due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial biogenesis effects. In this study, we examined the effects of folate deficiency and PQQ treatment on inflammatory and oxidative stress responses, and changes in mitochondrial function. METHODS Primary cultures of mouse mixed glial cells exposed to folate-deficient (FD) conditions and treated with PQQ were analyzed for changes in gene expression of the folate transporters, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content through qPCR analysis. Changes in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed in vitro through a DCFDA assay. Wildtype (C57BL6/N) mice exposed to FD (0 mg/kg folate), or control (2 mg/kg folate) diets underwent a 10-day (20 mg/kg/day) PQQ treatment regimen and brain tissues were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Folate deficiency resulted in increased expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in vitro and in vivo, with increased cellular ROS levels observed in mixed glial cells as well as a reduction of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content observed in FD mixed glial cells. PQQ treatment was able to reverse these changes, while increasing RFC expression through activation of the PGC-1α/NRF-1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the effects of brain folate deficiency, which may contribute to the neurological deficits commonly seen in disorders of CFD. PQQ may represent a novel treatment strategy for disorders associated with CFD, as it can increase folate uptake, while in parallel reversing many abnormalities that arise with brain folate deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sangha
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sara Aboulhassane
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Qing Rui Qu
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Reina Bendayan
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Sène MA, Xia Y, Kamen AA. Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses of a Vero Cell Line in Suspension versus Adherent Culture Conditions. Int J Cell Biol 2023; 2023:9364689. [PMID: 37680537 PMCID: PMC10482560 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9364689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Vero cell line is the most used continuous cell line for viral vaccine manufacturing. Its anchorage-dependent use renders scaling up challenging and operations very labor-intensive which affects cost effectiveness. Thus, efforts to adapt Vero cells to suspension cultures have been invested, but hurdles such as the long doubling time and low cell viability remain to be addressed. In this study, building on the recently published Vero cell line annotated genome, a functional genomics analysis of the Vero cells adapted to suspension is performed to better understand the genetic and phenotypic switches at play during the adaptation of Vero cells from anchorage-dependent to suspension cultures. Results show downregulation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway, highlighting the dissociation between the adaptation to suspension process and EMT. Surprisingly, an upregulation of cell adhesion components is observed, notably the CDH18 gene, the cytoskeleton pathway, and the extracellular pathway. Moreover, a downregulation of the glycolytic pathway is balanced by an upregulation of the asparagine metabolism pathway, promoting cell adaptation to nutrient deprivation. A downregulation of the adherens junctions and the folate pathways alongside with the FYN gene are possible explanations behind the currently observed low-cell viability and long doubling time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amine A. Kamen
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Cellular signals integrate cell cycle and metabolic control in cancer. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 135:397-423. [PMID: 37061338 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Growth factors are the small peptides that can promote growth, differentiation, and survival of most living cells. However, aberrant activation of receptor tyrosine kinases by GFs can generate oncogenic signals, resulting in oncogenic transformation. Accumulating evidence support a link between GF/RTK signaling through the major signaling pathways, Ras/Erk and PI3K/Akt, and cell cycle progression. In response to GF signaling, the quiescent cells in the G0 stage can re-enter the cell cycle and become the proliferative stage. While in the proliferative stage, tumor cells undergo profound changes in their metabolism to support biomass production and bioenergetic requirements. Accumulating data show that the cell cycle regulators, specifically cyclin D, cyclin B, Cdk2, Cdk4, and Cdk6, and anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C-Cdh1) play critical roles in modulating various metabolic pathways. These cell cycle regulators can regulate metabolic enzyme activities through post-translational mechanisms or the transcriptional factors that control the expression of the metabolic genes. This fine-tune control allows only the relevant metabolic pathways to be active in a particular phase of the cell cycle, thereby providing suitable amounts of biosynthetic precursors available during the proliferative stage. The imbalance of metabolites in each cell cycle phase can induce cell cycle arrest followed by p53-induced apoptosis.
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Sangha V, Hoque MT, Henderson JT, Bendayan R. Novel localization of folate transport systems in the murine central nervous system. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:92. [PMID: 36419095 PMCID: PMC9686069 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folates are a family of B9 vitamins that serve as one-carbon donors critical to biosynthetic processes required for the development and function of the central nervous system (CNS) in mammals. Folate transport is mediated by three highly specific systems: (1) folate receptor alpha (FRα; FOLR1/Folr1), (2) the reduced folate-carrier (RFC; SLC19A1/Slc19a1) and (3) the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT; SLC46A1/Slc46a1). Folate transport into and out of the CNS occurs at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), mediated by FRα and PCFT. Impairment of folate transport at the BCSFB results in cerebral folate deficiency in infants characterized by severe neurological deficiencies and seizures. In contrast to the BCSFB, CNS folate transport at other brain barriers and brain parenchymal cells has not been extensively investigated. The aim of this study is to characterize folate transport systems in the murine CNS at several known barriers encompassing the BCSFB, arachnoid barrier (AB), blood-brain barrier (BBB) and parenchymal cells (astrocytes, microglia, neurons). METHODS Applying immunohistochemistry, localization of folate transport systems (RFC, PCFT, FRα) was examined at CNS barriers and parenchymal sites in wildtype (C57BL6/N) mice. Subcellular localization of the folate transport systems was further assessed in an in vitro model of the mouse AB. Gene and protein expression was analyzed in several in vitro models of brain barriers and parenchyma by qPCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS RFC, PCFT, and FRα expression was localized within the BCSFB and BBB consistent with previous reports. Only RFC and PCFT expression was detected at the AB. Varied levels of RFC and PCFT expression were detected in neuronal and glial cells. CONCLUSIONS Localization of RFC and PCFT within the AB, described here for the first time, suggest that AB may contribute to folate transport between the peripheral circulation and the CSF. RFC and PCFT expression observed in astrocytes and microglia is consistent with the role that one or both of these transporters may play in delivering folates into cells within brain parenchyma. These studies provide insights into mechanisms of folate transport in the CNS and may enhance our understanding of the critical role folates play in neurodevelopment and in the development of novel treatment strategies for disorders of brain folate deficiency due to impaired transporter function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sangha
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Md. Tozammel Hoque
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T. Henderson
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Reina Bendayan
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy modulates hepatic methyl metabolism and genes expression profile of neonatal lambs of different litter sizes. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1-12. [PMID: 34325757 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521002841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maternal folic acid (FA) plays an important role in the fetus development, but it is unknown the response of hepatic metabolism in the offspring from different litter sizes to maternal FA supplementation. In the present study, this was done by feeding the ewes with 0, 16 and 32 mg/(kg·DM) FA supplemented diet during pregnancy and analysing the hepatic one-carbon metabolism-related indices and gene expression in the neonatal lambs of different litter sizes (twins, TW; triplets, TR). Regardless of litter sizes, the concentrations of folate, methionine, S-adenosylmethionine and DNA methyltransferase increased significantly, but homocysteine and S-adenosylhomocysteine decreased in the liver of newborn lambs from ewes whose diet was supplemented with FA. In TW, maternal FA status has little effect on hepatic genes expression profile of newborn lambs, and no significant enriched pathway was found. However, DEG involved in cell proliferation such as CCNA2, CCNB2, CCNE2, CDK1 and BUB1 were significantly enriched when the ewes were supplemented with FA in TR groups. In addition, nucleotide synthesis-related genes such as POLD1, POLD2, MCM4 and MCM5 were enriched markedly in DNA replication and pyrimidine metabolism pathways in triplets when a higher FA ingestion [32 mg/(kg·DM)] was implemented in ewes. This finding demonstrated that the hepatic methyl metabolism in TW and TR newborn lambs was regulated by maternal FA status. The hepatic cell proliferation and nucleotide metabolism related genes in TR were more susceptible to maternal dietary FA supplementation during pregnancy.
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Li HZ, Liu KG, Zeng NX, Wu XF, Lu WJ, Xu HF, Yan C, Wu LL. Luteolin Enhances Choroid Plexus 5-MTHF Brain Transport to Promote Hippocampal Neurogenesis in LOD Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:826568. [PMID: 35401160 PMCID: PMC8993213 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.826568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Folates, provided by food, are commonly used antidepressant synergists in late-onset depression (LOD). However, increased intake of folic acid in the elderly population might lead to the accumulation of unmetabolized folic acid in the systemic circulation, leading to enhanced deterioration of the central nervous system function. In addition, folates cannot access the brain directly because of the blood-brain barrier. Choroid plexus (CP) 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) brain transport plays a critical role in regulating the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-MTHF content. Luteolin is a natural flavonoid that has antidepressant effects and is involved in the anti-folate resistance pathway. It remains unclear whether the antidepressant effects of luteolin are associated with the CP 5-MTHF brain transport. In this study, 20-21-month-old Wistar rats were exposed to the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) protocol for 6 consecutive weeks to explore the long-term effects of luteolin on behavior, 5-MTHF levels, hippocampal neurogenesis, and folate brain transport of the CP. In vitro primary hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) cultured in media containing 10% CSF from each group of rats and choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs) cultured in media containing 20 μM luteolin were treated with 100 μM corticosterone and 40 mg/ml D-galactose. We found that aged rats exposed to CUMS showed a significantly reduced sucrose preference, decreased locomotion activity in the open field test and accuracy of the Morris water maze test, increased immobility time in the forced swimming test, accelerated dysfunctional neurogenesis and neuronal loss in the dentate gyrus of LOD rats, as well as decreased CSF and hippocampus 5-MTHF levels, and zona occludens protein 1 (ZO-1), proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT), and reduced folate carrier (RFC) protein levels. In vitro assays showed media containing 10% aged CSF or LOD+ Luteolin-CSF significantly increased the viability of CORT + D-gal-injured NSCs and alleviated dysfunctional neurogenesis and neuronal loss compared with the CORT + D-gal medium. However, media containing 10% LOD-CSF had no such effect. In the meantime, induction of CORT + D-gal significantly decreased the ZO-1, PCFT, RFC, and folate receptor alpha (FR-α) protein levels and transepithelial electrical resistance in rat CPECs. As expected, luteolin treatment was effective in improving these abnormal changes. These findings suggested that luteolin could ameliorate CUMS-induced LOD-like behaviors by enhancing the folate brain transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zhen Li
- Research Center for Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Ge Liu
- Research Center for Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning-Xi Zeng
- Research Center for Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Research Center for Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Lu
- Research Center for Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han-Fang Xu
- Research Center for Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Can Yan
- Research Center for Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Wu
- Research Center for Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Samadian H, Merzel RL, Dyson JM, Chen J, Frey C, Jones A, Vartanian M, Ward BB, Banaszak Holl MM. Anti-tumor Effect of Folate-Binding Protein: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:843-852. [PMID: 35133169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Folate receptor (FR) overexpression in a wide range of solid tumors provides an opportunity to develop novel, targeted cancer therapeutics. In this study, we investigated whether prebinding the chemotherapeutic methotrexate (MTX) to folate-binding protein (FBP), the soluble form of FR, would enable the protein to serve as a targeted therapeutic vector, enhancing uptake into tumor cells and improving therapeutic efficacy. In an in vivo study, using an FR-overexpressing KB xenograft model in SCID mice, modest improvement in inhibiting tumor growth was observed for the MTX/FBP mixtures as compared to saline control and free MTX. Surprisingly, FBP alone inhibited tumor growth compared to saline control, free MTX, and FBP/MTX. In order to better understand this effect, we investigated the cytotoxicity of micromolar concentrations of FBP in vitro using the KB, HeLa, and A549 cancer cell lines. Our results revealed concentration-dependent apoptosis (24 h; 10-50 μM) in all three cell lines accompanied by a time- and concentration-dependent reduction (6, 12, and 24 h; 10-50 μM) in metabolic activity and compromised cell plasma membrane integrity. This study demonstrates an apoptosis pathway for cytotoxicity of FBP, an endogenous serum protein, in cancer cell lines with widely varying levels of FR expression. Furthermore, in vivo tumor growth suppression for xenograft KB tumors in SCID mice was observed. These studies suggest novel strategies for the elimination of cancer cells employing endogenous, serum transport proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Samadian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Rachel L Merzel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jennifer M Dyson
- Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Carolina Frey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Alexis Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mark Vartanian
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Hospital Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brent B Ward
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Hospital Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mark M Banaszak Holl
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Hu Y, Liu F, Peng W, Song S, Zhang C, Meng X. Overexpression of miR-99a in hippocampus leads to impairment of reversal learning in mice. Behav Brain Res 2022; 416:113542. [PMID: 34425183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most common human genetic disorders, Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by a mild-to-moderate cognitive disability, which mainly results from genes overexpression on chromosome 21. The expression of miR-99a, a gene harboring on chromosome 21, is increased by 50 folds in DS brain samples. This study aims to investigate the effect of miR-99a overexpression in the hippocampus on mouse behaviors and explore the underlying mechanisms. Lentivirus vectors were delivered into the hippocampus for focal miR-99a overexpression in mice. Then behaviors were observed by an open field, elevated plus maze, rotarod motor test, and Morris water maze. The genes affected by miR-99a were identified by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) in samples isolated from the hippocampus injected with lentivirus-GFP-miR-99a or lentivirus-GFP vectors. It was found that the expression of miR-99a with intrahippocampal delivery of lentivirus-GFP-miR-99a resulted in reversal learning impairment in mice although it had no influence on motor function and anxiety. Meanwhile, RNA-seq results showed that 92 genes including mRNAs and microRNAs were significantly regulated by miR-99a, consistent with qRT-PCR consequence. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-99a could directly bind to the 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTR) of target genes (Clic6 and Kcnj13) with an inhibitory effect on their activity. Furthermore, we also found that miR-99a overexpression affected different biological processes by bioinformatic analyses. Our study showed that miR-99a overexpression in the hippocampus leads to cognitive impairment through regulating the expressions of various genes, which reveals a novel function of miR-99a and provides new insights into understanding the pathophysiologic process of DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenpeng Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shuxin Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xianfang Meng
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Zhang Y, Yuan H, Peng M, Hu Z, Fan Z, Xu J, He L, Wang Y, Wang W, Su Y, Liu C, Zhang H, Zhao K. Folic acid deficiency damages male reproduction via endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated PERK pathway induced by Caveolin-1 in mice. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2021; 67:383-394. [PMID: 34474604 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2021.1954724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid is critical to maintaining normal male reproductive function. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a crucial role in folic acid deficiency. Studies have shown that Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is involved in ER stress, but the specific mechanism in male reproduction is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of folic acid deficiency on spermatogenesis and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice fed with folic acid deficiency induced diet(0.3 mg/kg) were used. A significant decrease in the sperm concentration in the folic acid deficiency group was observed. Meanwhile, folic acid deficiency decreased Cav-1 expression in the testis tissue and increased endoplasmic reticulum stress-related PERK, eIF2α, ATF4, CHOP gene expression. Our results suggest that folic acid deficiency can affect male reproduction through the Cav-1-PERK-eIFα-ATF4-CHOP pathway.Abbreviations: ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; Ca2+: calcium ion; Cav-1: Caveolin-1; CCK-8: cell counting kit-8; CHOP: CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; DSB: double strand breakage; eIF2α: eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 alpha; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FD: folic acid deficiency; FITC: fluorescein isothiocyanate; HE: hematoxylin and eosin; H3K4me3: histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation; PERK: protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase; PI: propidium iodide; RT-qPCR: quantitative reverse transcription PCR; TUNEL: TdT mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongfang Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics And Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meilin Peng
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zunpan Fan
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liting He
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufang Su
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Wang F, Wang L, Sui G, Yang C, Guo M, Xiong X, Chen Z, Lei P. IGF-1 Alleviates Mitochondrial Apoptosis through the GSK3β/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway in LPS-Treated PC-12 Cells. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1320-1328. [PMID: 33403593 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) alleviates mitochondrial apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated PC-12 cells, and to further explore the mechanism involved. Prepared PC-12 cells were treated with IGF-1, Mdivi-1 (DRP1 blocker), LY294002 (PI3K blocker), betulinic acid (NF-κB activator) or their combinations. Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP generation were then measured to assess mitochondrial function. The rate of apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. The expression of several apoptosis proteins (i.e. Bax, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3) and signaling proteins (i.e. p-GSK3β, NF-κB and NLRP3) was measured using western blotting. Compared with the control cells, the LPS-treated cells showed evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction, increased apoptosis and upregulation of apoptosis proteins, which were significantly alleviated by Mdivi-1. These findings indicate that neuronal apoptosis was activated partly through the mitochondrial pathway. IGF-1 treatment inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in the LPS-treated cells. The reagent also increased the expression of p-GSK3β and decreased the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3. Both LY294002 and betulinic acid reversed the protective effect of IGF-1. In addition, LY294002 affected the expression of the three signaling proteins, while betulinic acid only affected the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3. These findings indicated a GSK3β/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway was existed and was involved in the protective mechanism of IGF-1. In conclusion, IGF-1 alleviated mitochondrial apoptosis through GSK3β/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in LPS-treated PC-12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Guanghong Sui
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, 300074, China
| | - Caixia Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, 300074, China
| | - Mengtian Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiangyang Xiong
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Psychology, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, 300074, China
| | - Ping Lei
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
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Folic Acid Deficiency Enhances the Tyr705 and Ser727 Phosphorylation of Mitochondrial STAT3 in In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:829-843. [PMID: 33037575 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00860-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke remains one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. The stroke patients with an inadequate intake of folic acid tend to have increased brain injury and poorer prognosis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the harmful effects of folic acid deficiency (FD) in ischemic stroke is still elusive. Here, we aimed to test the hypothesis that mitochondrial localized STAT3 (mitoSTAT3) expression may be involved in the process of neuronal damage induced by FD in in vivo and in vitro models of ischemic stroke. Our results exhibited that FD increased infarct size and aggravated the damage of mitochondrial ultrastructure in ischemic brains. Meanwhile, FD upregulated the phosphorylation levels of mitoSTAT3 at Tyr705 (Y705) and Ser727 (S727) sites in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model and oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by reperfusion (OGD/R) N2a cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of JAK2 by AG490 led to a significant decrease in FD-induced phosphorylation of Y705, while S727 phosphorylation was unaffected. Conversely, U0126 and LY294002, which respectively inhibited phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt, partially prevented S727 phosphorylation, but had limited effects on the level of pY705, suggesting that phosphorylation of Y705 and S727 is regulated via independent mechanisms in FD-treated brains.
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Lyon P, Strippoli V, Fang B, Cimmino L. B Vitamins and One-Carbon Metabolism: Implications in Human Health and Disease. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2867. [PMID: 32961717 PMCID: PMC7551072 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamins B9 (folate) and B12 are essential water-soluble vitamins that play a crucial role in the maintenance of one-carbon metabolism: a set of interconnected biochemical pathways driven by folate and methionine to generate methyl groups for use in DNA synthesis, amino acid homeostasis, antioxidant generation, and epigenetic regulation. Dietary deficiencies in B9 and B12, or genetic polymorphisms that influence the activity of enzymes involved in the folate or methionine cycles, are known to cause developmental defects, impair cognitive function, or block normal blood production. Nutritional deficiencies have historically been treated with dietary supplementation or high-dose parenteral administration that can reverse symptoms in the majority of cases. Elevated levels of these vitamins have more recently been shown to correlate with immune dysfunction, cancer, and increased mortality. Therapies that specifically target one-carbon metabolism are therefore currently being explored for the treatment of immune disorders and cancer. In this review, we will highlight recent studies aimed at elucidating the role of folate, B12, and methionine in one-carbon metabolism during normal cellular processes and in the context of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lyon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (P.L.); (V.S.); (B.F.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Victoria Strippoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (P.L.); (V.S.); (B.F.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Byron Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (P.L.); (V.S.); (B.F.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Luisa Cimmino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (P.L.); (V.S.); (B.F.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Folate Insufficiency Due to MTHFR Deficiency Is Bypassed by 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092836. [PMID: 32887268 PMCID: PMC7564482 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate levels of folates are essential for homeostasis of the organism, prevention of congenital malformations, and the salvage of predisposed disease states. They depend on genetic predisposition, and therefore, a pharmacogenetic approach to individualized supplementation or therapeutic intervention is necessary for an optimal outcome. The role of folates in vital cell processes was investigated by translational pharmacogenetics employing lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Depriving cells of folates led to reversible S-phase arrest. Since 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of an active folate form, we evaluated the relevance of polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene on intracellular levels of bioactive metabolite, the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-Me-THF). LCLs (n = 35) were divided into low- and normal-MTHFR activity groups based on their genotype. They were cultured in the presence of folic acid (FA) or 5-Me-THF. Based on the cells’ metabolic activity and intracellular 5-Me-THF levels, we conclude supplementation of FA is sufficient to maintain adequate folate level in the normal MTHFR activity group, while low MTHFR activity cells require 5-Me-THF to overcome the metabolic defects caused by polymorphisms in their MTHFR genes. This finding was supported by the determination of intracellular levels of 5-Me-THF in cell lysates by LC-MS/MS. FA supplementation resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in 5-Me-THF in cells with normal MTHFR activity, but there was no increase after FA supplementation in low MTHFR activity cells. However, when LCLs were exposed to 5-Me-THF, a 10-fold increase in intracellular levels of this metabolite was determined. These findings indicate that patients undergoing folate supplementation to counteract anti-folate therapies, or patients with increased folate demand, would benefit from pharmacogenetics-based therapy choices.
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16
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Pujol N, Mané A, Bergé D, Mezquida G, Amoretti S, Pérez L, González-Pinto A, Barcones F, Cuesta MJ, Sánchez-Tomico G, Vieta E, Castro-Fornieles J, Bernardo M, Parellada M. Influence of BDNF and MTHFR polymorphisms on hippocampal volume in first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2020; 223:345-352. [PMID: 32988741 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BDNF and MTHFR genes are independently linked to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and its neuroimaging correlates. The aim of this study was to explore, for the first time, the individual and interactional effects of the Val66Met and C677T polymorphisms on hippocampal atrophy in first-episode psychosis (FEP). METHOD Multi-site case-control study based on clinical, genetic (rs 6265, rs 1801133) and structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 98 non-affective FEP patients and 117 matched healthy controls (HC). Hippocampal volume was estimated using FreeSurfer software and this volume was compared between diagnostic (FEP vs HC) and genotype (Val66Met, C677T) groups. The BDNF Val66Met x MTHFR C677T effect on hippocampal volume was further evaluated through stratified analyses. RESULTS After applying Bonferroni correction, diagnosis showed a significant effect for adjusted left and right hippocampal volume (FEP < HC). Stratified analyses showed that the interactive effect contributed to adjusted hippocampal size in both the HC (left and right hippocampus) and FEP groups (right hippocampus); among BDNF Met carriers, those with the CT-TT genotype exhibited decreased hippocampal volume compared to individuals with the homozygous normal CC genotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide preliminary evidence indicating that the Val66Met x C677T interaction may be a potential genetic risk factor for reduced hippocampal size in both healthy controls and in patients with FEP. Further research in independent samples including different ethnic groups is warranted to confirm this new finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Pujol
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Mané
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Daniel Bergé
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Gisela Mezquida
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute; August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Amoretti
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute; August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Pérez
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana González-Pinto
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Santiago, OSI Araba, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Fe Barcones
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Department of Family Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel J Cuesta
- Department of Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Georgina Sánchez-Tomico
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Bipolar Disorder Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2017SGR881, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute; August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain
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Lin YC, Chung CJ, Huang YL, Hsieh RL, Huang PT, Wu MY, Ao PL, Shiue HS, Huang SR, Su CT, Lin MI, Mu SC, Hsueh YM. Association of plasma folate, vitamin B12 levels, and arsenic methylation capacity with developmental delay in preschool children in Taiwan. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2535-2544. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Ge X, Li W, Huang S, Yin Z, Yang M, Han Z, Han Z, Chen F, Wang H, Lei P, Zhang J. Increased miR-21-3p in Injured Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells after Traumatic Brain Injury Aggravates Blood–Brain Barrier Damage by Promoting Cellular Apoptosis and Inflammation through Targeting MAT2B. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:1291-1305. [PMID: 29695199 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhu Li
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyu Yin
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengchen Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenying Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoli Han
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanglian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Haichen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ping Lei
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
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19
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Poupeau A, Garde C, Sulek K, Citirikkaya K, Treebak JT, Arumugam M, Simar D, Olofsson LE, Bäckhed F, Barrès R. Genes controlling the activation of natural killer lymphocytes are epigenetically remodeled in intestinal cells from germ-free mice. FASEB J 2018; 33:2719-2731. [PMID: 30303739 PMCID: PMC6338647 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800787r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Remodeling of the gut microbiota is implicated in various metabolic and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesized that the gut microbiota affects the DNA methylation profile of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) which could, in turn, alter intestinal function. In this study, we used mass spectrometry and methylated DNA capture to respectively investigate global and genome-wide DNA methylation of intestinal epithelial cells from germ-free (GF) and conventionally raised mice. In colonic IECs from GF mice, DNA was markedly hypermethylated. This was associated with a dramatic loss of ten-eleven-translocation activity, a lower DNA methyltransferase activity and lower circulating levels of the 1-carbon metabolite, folate. At the gene level, we found an enrichment for differentially methylated regions proximal to genes regulating the cytotoxicity of NK cells (false-discovery rate < 8.9E−6), notably genes regulating the cross-talk between NK cells and target cells, such as members of the NK group 2 member D ligand superfamily Raet. This distinct epigenetic signature was associated with a marked decrease in Raet1 expression and a loss of CD56+/CD45+ cells in the intestine of GF mice. Thus, our results indicate that altered activity of methylation-modifying enzymes in GF mice influences the IEC epigenome and modulates the crosstalk between IECs and NK cells. Epigenetic reprogramming of IECs may modulate intestinal function in diseases associated with altered gut microbiota.—Poupeau, A., Garde, C., Sulek, K., Citirikkaya, K., Treebak, J. T., Arumugam, M., Simar, D., Olofsson, L. E., Bäckhed, F., Barrès, R. Genes controlling the activation of natural killer lymphocytes are epigenetically remodeled in intestinal cells from germ-free mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Poupeau
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Garde
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karolina Sulek
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kiymet Citirikkaya
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manimozhiyan Arumugam
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Simar
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and
| | - Louise E Olofsson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Romain Barrès
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Qu W, Zhao Z, Chen S, Zhang L, Wu D, Chen Z. Bisphenol A suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in colonic epithelial cells through mitochondrial and MAPK/AKT pathways. Life Sci 2018; 208:167-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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21
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Effects of early-life malnutrition on neurodevelopment and neuropsychiatric disorders and the potential mechanisms. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:64-75. [PMID: 29287829 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lines of evidence have demonstrated that early-life malnutrition is highly correlated with neurodevelopment and adulthood neuropsychiatric disorders, while some findings are conflicting with each other. In addition, the biological mechanisms are less investigated. We systematically reviewed the evidence linking early-life nutrition status with neurodevelopment and clinical observations in human and animal models. We summarized the effects of special nutritious on neuropsychiatric disorders and explored the underlying potential mechanisms. The further understanding of the biological regulation of early-life nutritional status on neurodevelopment might shed light on precision nutrition at an integrative systems biology framework.
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22
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Plucińska K, Barger SW. Maternal obesity reprograms offspring's executive brain centers in a sex-specific manner?: An Editorial for 'Perinatal high fat diet and early life methyl donor supplementation alter one carbon metabolism and DNA methylation in the brain' on page 362. J Neurochem 2018; 145:358-361. [PMID: 29663393 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This editorial highlights an article by McKee and colleagues in the current issue of Journal of Neurochemistry, in which the authors report epigenetic changes linked to one-carbon metabolism in prefrontal cortex (PFC) of murine offspring from dams fed high-fat diet to mimic maternal obesity. The group found that high-fat diet feeding in utero increases weight gain in offspring and dynamically alters DNA methylation in the PFC of male but not female brains. These epigenetic marks were associated with a shift in brain one-carbon metabolism (folate and methionine) intermediates and were normalized by early-life methyl-donor supplementation in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Plucińska
- Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steven W Barger
- Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock AR, USA
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23
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Cai L, Michelakos T, Ferrone CR, Zhang L, Deshpande V, Shen Q, DeLeo A, Yamada T, Zhang G, Ferrone S, Wang X. Expression status of folate receptor alpha is a predictor of survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:37646-37656. [PMID: 28430580 PMCID: PMC5514937 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the poorest prognosis among malignancies. Thus, the identification of markers useful in developing innovative diagnostic and therapeutic methods is an imperative need. Folate receptor alpha (FRα) has been associated with prognosis in several cancers and has served as a target of novel anti-tumor therapies. However, FRα expression in PDAC and its correlation with the clinical course of the disease has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we analyzed FRα expression in 140 PDAC specimens and 7 PDAC cell lines in order to define the significance of FRα expression in PDAC and its potential role as a target for immunotherapy. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that FRα expression intensity was low, intermediate and high in 22(16%), 73(52%) and 45(32%) PDACs, respectively. The staining was located in both membrane and cytoplasm in most cases (123, 88%). Lower FRα expression was associated with cigarette smoking (p<0.001), alcohol consumption (p<0.001), and lymphovascular invasion (p=0.002). Additionally, lower FRα expression was associated with poor overall survival (5-year overall survival: low 13%, intermediate 31%, high 33%; p=0.006). FRα expression (HR=0.61; p=0.03) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (HR=1.16; p=0.01) emerged as independent predictors of survival. The analysis by flow cytometry of 7 PDAC cell lines (AsPC-1, Capan-2, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, PDAC2, PDAC3, and PDAC5) demonstrated the highest expression of FRα on the PDAC3 cell line (45%). Therefore, a higher FRα expression is predictive of a favorable prognosis in PDAC and FRα may represent a promising target for novel treatments, including immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cai
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Hepatobiliary, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Theodoros Michelakos
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vikram Deshpande
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Albert DeLeo
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Teppei Yamada
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gong Zhang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Liu XZ, Zhang Q, Jiang Q, Bai BL, Du XJ, Wang F, Wu LH, Lu XL, Bao YH, Li HL, Zhang T. Genetic screening and functional analysis of CASP9 mutations in a Chinese cohort with neural tube defects. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:394-403. [PMID: 29365368 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Neural tube defects (NTDs) are birth defects of the nervous system and are the second most frequent cause of birth defects worldwide. The etiology of NTDs is complicated and involves both genetic and environmental factors. CASP9 is an initiator caspase in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, which in Casp9-/- mice has been shown to result in NTDs because of decreased apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential genetic contribution of the CASP9 gene in human NTDs. METHODS High-throughput sequencing was performed to screen genetic variants of CASP9 genes in 355 NTD cases and 225 matched controls. Apoptosis-relevant assays were performed on transiently transfected E9 neuroepithelial cells or human embryonic kidney 293T cells, to determine the functional characteristics of NTD-specific rare variants under complete or low folic acid (FA) status. RESULTS We found significant expression of CASP9 rare variants in NTDs and identified 4 NTD-specific missense variants. Functional assays demonstrated that a p.Y251C variant attenuates apoptosis by reducing CASP9 protein expression and decreasing activity of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. From this, we conclude that this variant may represent a loss-of-function mutation. A 4-time recurrent p.R191G variant did not affect intrinsic apoptosis in complete medium, while it completely inhibited apoptosis induced by low FA medium. CONCLUSION Our findings identify a genetic link for apoptosis in human NTDs and highlight the effect of gene-environment interactions in a complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhen Liu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Ling Bai
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Du
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hua Wu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Lu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Hua Bao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Li Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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25
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Yan BC, Wang J, Cao J, Won MH. Less hippocampal neuronal death in young gerbils following transient global cerebral ischemia is associated with long‑term maintenance of insulin‑like growth factor 1 and its receptors in the hippocampal CA1 region. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3055-3061. [PMID: 29257289 PMCID: PMC5783526 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a well-known growth factor with well-defined neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia. However, the age‑dependent differences in the expression of IGF‑1 and its receptor (IGF‑1R) in the brain following transient cerebral ischemia (TCI) have not been elucidated. In the present study, the differences in IGF‑1 and IGF‑1R in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region of young and adult gerbils 5 min following TCI were determined. Seven days following TCI, the neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region of young gerbils was significantly less than that observed in adult gerbils. In addition, the immunoreactivity, and levels of IGF‑1 and IGF‑1R in the CA1 region of the normal young were higher than those in the normal adult. Four days following TCI, the immunoreactivity, and protein levels of IGF‑1 and IGF‑1R were markedly decreased in the adult group. By contrast, in the young group, the immunoreactivity and expression levels were much greater than those in the adult group. However, 7 days following TCI, all immunoreactivity and expression levels were markedly decreased when compared with those in the normal adult and young groups. In addition, the immunoreactivity and expression levels in the young groups were significantly higher than those of the adult groups. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the higher and sustained expression of IGF‑1 and IGF‑1R in the young gerbil hippocampal CA1 region following TCI may be associated with the reduced neuronal death compared to that in the adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chun Yan
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Cao
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200‑701, Republic of Korea
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26
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Yang Y, Zong Y, Sun Q, Jia Y, Zhao R. White light emitting diode suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in hippocampal neuron cells through mitochondrial cytochrome c oxydase-mediated IGF-1 and TNF-α pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:413-423. [PMID: 29106990 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Light emitting diode (LED) light has been tested to treat traumatic brain injury, neural degenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. Previous studies indicate that blue LED light affects cell proliferation and apoptosis in photosensitive cells and cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrate that white LED light exposure impaired proliferation and induced apoptosis in HeLa and HT-22 hippocampal neural cells, but not C2C12 cells. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the effect of white LED light exposure on HT-22 cells were elucidated. In HeLa and HT-22 cells, white LED light activated mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (Cco), in association with enhanced ATP synthase activity and elevated intracellular ATP concentration. Also, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production were increased, accompanied by higher calcium concentration and lower mitochondrial membrane potential. HT-22 cells exposed to white LED light for 24h showed reduced viability, with higher apoptotic rate and a cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Concurrently, the mRNA expression and the concentration of IGF-1 were decreased, while that of TNF-α were increased, in light-exposed cells, which was supported by the luciferase activity of both gene promoters. The down-stream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), AKT/mTOR pathways were inhibited, in association with an activation of apoptotic caspase 3. N-Acetylcysteine, a ROS scavenger, protected the cells from LED light-induced cellular damage, with rescued cell viability and restored mRNA expression of IGF-1 and TNF-α. Our data demonstrate that white LED light suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in hippocampal neuron cells through mitochondrial Cco/ROS-mediated IGF-1 and TNF-α pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yibo Zong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Qinwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yimin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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27
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Wu MM, Yang F. [Research advances in the association between maternal intake of methyl donor nutrients during pregnancy and DNA methylation in offspring]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2017; 19:601-606. [PMID: 28506357 PMCID: PMC7389130 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition during pregnancy plays a vital role in the health of the offspring. Methyl donor nutrients, including folate, vitamin B12, choline, betaine, and methionine, directly affect DNA methylation and are closely associated with the health of the offspring. As an important part of epigenetics, DNA methylation plays an important role in the maintenance of normal cellular function, gene expression regulation, and embryonic development. Recent studies have shown that maternal nutrition may have a long-lasting effect on the health of the offspring via the changes in genomic DNA and/or methylation level in the promoter region in specific genes. Therefore, this review article focuses on the effect of maternal intake of methyl donor nutrients during pregnancy on DNA methylation, in order to explore the effect of the changed methylation status on the health of the offspring at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China.
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