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Zhao Z, Gao Y, Pei X, Wang W, Zhang H. Causal role of immune cells in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1352616. [PMID: 38803479 PMCID: PMC11128540 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1352616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune disease whose etiology involves a complex interplay between genetics and environment. Previous studies have demonstrated an association between immune cells and HT. However, the casual relationship was not clear. We aimed to explore the causal associations between signatures of immune cells and HT. Methods In this study, bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to investigate the potential causal relationship between 731 immune cell signatures and HT by using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were detected through extensive sensitivity analyses. Results The increased levels of six immune phenotypes were observed to be causally associated with increased risk of HT P < 0.01, which were CD3 on CM CD8br, CD3 on CD39+ secreting Treg, HLA DR on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b-, CD3 on CD4 Treg, CD62L- plasmacytoid DC %DC, and CD3 on CD45RA+ CD4+. In addition, the levels of FSC-A on HLA DR+ T cell and CD62L on monocyte were associated with disease risk of HT P < 0.01. In addition, HT also had causal effects on CD3 on CM CD8br, CCR2 on monocyte, CD25 on CD39+ resting Treg, and CCR2 on CD62L+ myeloid DC P < 0.05. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated the genetic connection between immune cell traits and HT, thereby providing guidance and direction for future treatment and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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2
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Gu J, Qiao Y, Cong S. Causal role of immune cells on risk of Parkinson's disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1368374. [PMID: 38586828 PMCID: PMC10995297 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1368374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous observational studies have suggested a correlation between immune cells and Parkinson's disease (PD), yet specific investigations into the causal relationship between the two remain limited. This study aims to explore this potential causal relationship. Methods We utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on immune cells and Parkinson's Disease, conducting a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To estimate causality, we employed inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median (WM) methods. For sensitivity analysis, we used Cochran's Q-test, MR-Egger intercept, leave-one-out analysis, and funnel plots. Results After false discovery rate (FDR) correction, the effects of PD on immune cells, and vice versa, were not statistically significant. These include CX3CR1 on CD14+ CD16-monocyte (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.86-0.96, p = 0.0003 PFDR = 0.152), CD62L-CD86+ myeloid DC AC (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.89-0.97, p = 0.0005, PFDR = 0.152),CD11b on Mo (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.03-1.13, p = 0.001, PFDR = 0.152), CD38 on igd+ cd24- (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.06-1.23, p = 0.001, PFDR = 0.152), D14+ cd16+ monocyte %monocyte (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04-1.17, p = 0.001, PFDR = 0.159). Additionally, PD may be causally related to the immune phenotype of CM CD8br %T cell (beta = 0.10, 95% CI = 1.14-1.16, p = 0.0004, PFDR = 0.151), SSC-A on monocyte (beta = 0.11, 95% CI = 1.15-1.18, p = 0.0004, PFDR = 0.1 SSC-A on monocyte). No pleiotropy was determined. Conclusion This study suggested a potential causal link between immune cells and Parkinson's Disease through the MR method, which could provide a new direction for the mechanistic research and clinical treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shuyan Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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3
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Kakhki S, Goodarzi M, Abbaszade-Cheragheali A, Rajabi M, Masoumipour AH, Khatibi SR, Beheshti F. Folic acid supplementation improved cognitive deficits associated with lithium administration during pregnancy in rat offspring. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:615-630. [PMID: 37582655 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study aimed to analyse both neurobehavioural and biochemical results of neonates born of mothers exposed to different doses of lithium along with the groups that received lithium at the highest dose with folic acid as a preventive treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male and female rats were mated in separate cages, and pregnant rats were divided into eight first group as (1) vehicle; (2) propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism; (3-4) received two different doses of lithium carbonate (15 and 30 mg/kg); (5-7) the highest doses of lithium (30 mg/kg) plus three different doses of folic acid (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg); and (8) received just folic acid (15 mg/kg). All treatments were dissolved in drinking water and continued until delivery, followed by returning to a regular diet without treatment. RESULTS Lithium (30 mg/kg) disrupts both behavioural and biochemical markers, including TSH, T3 and T4 as measuring indicators to assess thyroid function, IL-10 and TNF-α as anti-inflammatory and inflammatory agents, respectively, malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress marker, alongside SOD, and catalase activity as antioxidant indicators. Besides, folic acid, almost at the highest dose (15 mg/kg), attenuated memory impairement and anxiety-like behaviour caused by lithium. Moreover, the groups treated with folic acid alone in comparison with vehicles demonstrated higher levels of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory indicators. CONCLUSION According to the results, prenatal exposure to a high dose of lithium (30 mg/kg) leads to foetal neurodevelopmental disorder and growth restriction through various mechanisms more likely attributed to hypothyroidism, which means it should be either prohibited or prescribed cautiously during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Kakhki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Goodarzi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Ali Abbaszade-Cheragheali
- Student Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mojgan Rajabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Masoumipour
- Student Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Khatibi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
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Evaluation of IL-10, MCP-1, IFN gamma, and protectin D1 levels in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:177-184. [PMID: 36434424 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune endocrine diseases and caused by the loss of immune tolerance for the thyroid gland. Many pathophysiological mechanisms were speculated about the development of HT. In our study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between HT and IL-10, MCP-1, IFNɤ, and PD1 levels and compare them with control subjects. METHODS We collected 37 patients with HT and 25 controls referred to our outpatient clinic. The diagnosis of HT was based on the detection of circulating antibodies to thyroid antigens and decreasing echogenicity on thyroid USG in patients with appropriate clinical characteristics. Serum IL-10, MCP-1, IFNɤ, and PD1 levels were detected using an ELISA KIT (96 T) method according to the manufacturer's instructions. RESULTS All subjects were euthyroid (median TSH level was 1.68 mU/L in HT vs 1.83 mU/L in the controls, p = 0.672). Twenty-three of 37 patients with HT were taking L-thyroxin replacement. Levels of serum IL-10, IFNɤ, and PD1 in patients with HT were higher than the controls, but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.393, p = 0.495, and p = 0.052 respectively). The serum levels of MCP-1 in HT patients were statistically different and higher than the controls (p = 0.018). Correlation analysis displayed significant associations between IL-10, MCP-1, IFNɤ, and PD1 levels. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that serum MCP-1 levels in HT patients were significantly increased; on the other hand, significant difference was not found between HT patients and the controls in terms of serum IL-10, IFNɤ, and PD1 levels.
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Abdolmohammadi-Vahid S, Samaie V, Hashemi H, Mehdizadeh A, Dolati S, Ghodrati-Khakestar F, Niafar M, Yousefi M. Anti-thyroid antibodies and underlying generalized immunologic aberrations in patients with reproductive failures. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 154:103759. [PMID: 36332368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The link between autoimmune thyroid diseases and reproductive failures, including implantation failure and pregnancy loss, has been attracted a great deal of attention in the last two decades. In this regard, a considerable progress has been achieved in understanding the etiopathogenesis of the adverse pregnancy consequences related to the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies, however, the exact action mechanisms of these antibodies are not fully comprehended. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs) and TSH receptor antibodies (TRAbs) are the anti-thyroid antibodies which are present in autoimmune thyroid disorder (AITD) patients, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In this condition, the thyroid hormones production, which are essential for normal implantation and pregnancy, are disrupted, and compromise the embryo or fetus development. In addition, a hypothesis suggests that there is underlying generalized immune abnormalities behind the presence of these antibodies. On the other hand, similar immunologic aberrations have been observed in thyroid autoimmunity and reproductive complications, which are postulated to be the proper answer for the scientists who seek for the pathophysiology behind the presence of these antibodies. Elevated inflammatory responses and decreased immunoregulatory actions, seem to be the main interfering pathologic factors in maternal tolerance toward fetus. In addition, cross reactivity of these antibodies with antigenic determinants of egg, embryo and placenta is another suggested mechanism, causing implantation and pregnancy complications. The ability of anti-thyroid antibodies in passing through the placental barrier and affecting the fetal thyroid gland, makes them more threatening for maintenance of a pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Abdolmohammadi-Vahid
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vajihe Samaie
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Huriyeh Hashemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mitra Niafar
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Zeng F, Zhang J, Jin X, Liao Q, Chen Z, Luo G, Zhou Y. Effect of CD38 on B-cell function and its role in the diagnosis and treatment of B-cell-related diseases. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2796-2807. [PMID: 35486480 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CD38 is a multifunctional receptor and enzyme present on the surface of B lymphocytes, which can induce B lymphocytes proliferation and apoptosis by crosslinking related cytokines to affect the function of B cells, thus affecting immune regulation in humans and promoting tumorigenesis. The level of CD38 expression in B cells has become an important factor in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of malignant tumors and other related diseases. Therefore, studying the relationship between CD38 expression on the surface of B cells and the occurrence of the disease is of great significance for elucidating its association with disease pathogenesis and the clinical targeted therapy. In this paper, we review the effects of CD38 on B-cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, and elaborate the functional role and mechanism of CD38 expression on B cells. We also summarize the relationship between the level of CD38 expression on the surface of B cells and the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of various diseases, as well as the potential use of targeted CD38 treatment for related diseases. This will provide an important theoretical basis for the scientific research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of B-cell-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiani Zhang
- Senile Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhifang Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Gengqiu Luo
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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7
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Tan H, Su G, Tan X, Qin Y, Chen L, Yuan G, Kijlstra A, Yang P. SNP-mediated binding of TBX1 to the enhancer element of IL-10 reduces the risk of Behçet's disease. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1523-1537. [PMID: 34612069 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The genetic association between Behçet's disease susceptibility and IL-10 has been confirmed in multiple cohorts, but the underlying mechanism of this association remains unclear. Materials & methods: We combined public resources and laboratory experiments (electrophoretic mobility shift assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter gene and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing) to analyze transcription factor binding and enhancer activity controlling IL-10 expression. Results & conclusion: The T allele of noncoding rs3024490 within super-enhancer elements is able to specifically bind TBX1 and, in turn, promotes the enhancer activity and increased expression of IL-10. However, a relative deficiency in TBX1 in Behçet's disease patients leads to the low expression of IL-10 and increased risk of developing Behçet's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Guannan Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiao Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yang Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Gangxiang Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Aize Kijlstra
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
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Fathi M, Nezamzadeh R, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M, Yazdi MH, Khoramabadi N, Mahdavi M. Formulation of a recombinant HIV-1 polytope candidate vaccine with naloxone/alum mixture: induction of multi-cytokine responses with a higher regulatory mechanism. APMIS 2021; 129:480-488. [PMID: 33539574 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The potency of a vaccine highly depends upon the nature of the adjuvant used. There are a variety of ineffective vaccines, such as HIV-1 vaccine candidates, that need to be optimized with new adjuvant formulations to improve vaccine potency and efficacy. Studies show the potency of naloxone (NLX)/alum mixture in the induction of Th1/Th2 response for vaccine. However, other immunologic patterns inducing by this adjuvant and its immunoregulatory effect is unclear. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the NLX/alum mixture, as an adjuvant, on cytokine networks and immunoregulatory activity for an HIV-1 polytope vaccine. BALB/c mice were divided into six groups (n = 6) and immunized subcutaneously with 10 μg of the vaccine formulated with NLX/alum, NLX, alum, and Freund's adjuvants. At the same time, the mice in the control groups received an equal volume of PBS or NLX. The lymphocyte proliferation assay was carried out using the BrdU method. ELISA was used to measure the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-17 cytokines, total IgG, as well as IgG1 and IgG2a subtypes in serum samples. Our findings showed that mice receiving the NLX/alum-adjuvanted vaccine exhibited increased antibody levels compared with other groups. In addition, there was a considerable difference in the levels of IgG1, IgG2a, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-17 in mice receiving the NLX/alum-adjuvanted vaccine as compared with other groups. The NLX/alum mixture, as an adjuvant, may have a positive effect on the induction of multi-cytokine responses, as well as the increased level of IL-10, showing its higher immunogenicity with a higher immunoregulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimanat Fathi
- Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetic, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran.,Department of Cell techniques and Applied Stem Cell Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Reza Nezamzadeh
- Department of Genetic, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Yazdi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Khoramabadi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahdavi
- Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Kang S, Kang J, Shen H, Wu N. Advances in regulatory B cells in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107770. [PMID: 34020391 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are a subset of B cells that can downregulate the immune and inflammatory responses. The development of B cells in humans and mice is differs. The Positioning and targeted regulation of Bregs has a positive effect on autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is a common autoimmune disease. This review introduces the history and origins of Bregs. It summarizes the different phenotypes and functionalities of Breg cells related to AITD and analyzes the reasons for the differences in Breg expression frequencies in Graves disease (GD) and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT). A number of functional defects of regulatory B cells may be the newly discovered cause of AITD. This paper sheds new light on the role and prospects of Bregs in the progression and treatment of AITD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Kang
- Student Affairs Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Junning Kang
- Student Affairs Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Mendez-Frausto G, Romero-Aguilera G, Sanchez-Gutierrez R, García-Jacobo RE, Lara-Ramírez EE, Uresti-Rivera EE, Gonzalez-Amaro R, Enciso-Moreno JA, García-Hernández MH. B regulatory cells associated with changes in biochemical and inflammatory parameters in normal-glycemic individuals, pre-diabetes and T2DM patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 173:108692. [PMID: 33571599 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the percentages of (CD19 + CD24 + CD38+, CD19 + CD24 + CD27+, CD19 + IL-10+)-Breg cells, IL-17 single and IL-17+/IFN-γ double producers T cells and IFN-γ+ T cells, in normal-glycemic individuals, prediabetes and T2DM patients, and to analyze the association of Breg cells with metabolic parameters of T2DM. METHODS percentages of Breg cells, IL-17+ and IL-17 + IFN-γ+ T cells, IFN-γ+ T cells and IL-10 were determined by flow cytometry. IL-6 levels were evaluated by ELISA assay. RESULTS increased IL-6 levels, IL-17+ and IL-17 + IFN-γ+ T cells and a diminution of IL-10 levels and CD19 + IL-10+ cells in T2DM patients were observed. We found that CD19 + CD24 + CD27+ cells and CD19 + CD24 + CD38+ cells were increased in T2DM patients. The percentages of CD19 + CD24 + CD38+ cells were associated with HOMA-B, TyG index, HDL and cholesterol values. In normal-glycemic individuals, CD19 + CD24 + CD27+ cells were inversely associated to triglycerides and TyG index. In prediabetes patients, CD19 + CD24 + CD38+ cells were inversely related with cholesterol and LDL. Finally, CD19 + CD24 + CD38+ cells were inversely related with HDL values in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that increased percentages of IL-17 single and IL-17/IFN-γ double producers T cells in T2DM patients may be a consequence of the initial CD19 + IL-10+ cells reduction. Furthermore, dyslipidemia could play an important role in percentages and activity of B regulatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mendez-Frausto
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Zacatecas, México, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Mexico
| | - G Romero-Aguilera
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Zacatecas, México, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Mexico
| | - R Sanchez-Gutierrez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Zacatecas, México, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Mexico
| | - R E García-Jacobo
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Zacatecas, México, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Mexico
| | - E E Lara-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Zacatecas, México, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Mexico
| | - E E Uresti-Rivera
- Research Center for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, UASLP, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; Laboratory of Immunology and Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomus University of San Luis Potosí, UASLP, Mexico
| | - R Gonzalez-Amaro
- Research Center for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, UASLP, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - J A Enciso-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Zacatecas, México, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Mexico
| | - M H García-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Delegación Zacatecas, México, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Mexico.
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Abstract
B cells are typically characterized by their ability to produce antibodies, function as secondary antigen-present cells, and produce various immunoregulatory cytokines. The regulatory B (Breg)-cell population is now widely accepted as an important modulatory component of the immune system that suppresses inflammation. Recent studies indicate that Breg-cell populations are small under physiological conditions but expand substantially in both human patients and murine models of chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, infection, transplantation, and cancer. Almost all B-cell subsets can be induced to form Breg cells. In addition, there are unique Breg-cell subsets such as B10 and Tim-1+ B cells. Immunoregulatory function may be mediated by production of cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β and ensuing suppression of T cells, by direct cell-cell interactions, and (or) by altering the immune microenvironment. In this chapter, we describe in detail the discovery of Breg cells, their phenotypes, differentiation, function, contributions to disease, and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luman Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, No. 138, Yi Xue Yuan Rd, 226, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, No. 138, Yi Xue Yuan Rd, 226, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, No. 138, Yi Xue Yuan Rd, 226, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Min Y, Wang X, Chen H, Yin G. The exploration of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis related miscarriage for better treatment modalities. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2402-2415. [PMID: 33029083 PMCID: PMC7532476 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.48128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most prevalent autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) worldwide and is strongly associated with miscarriage and even recurrent miscarriage (RM). Moreover, with a deepening understanding, emerging evidence has shown that immune dysfunctions caused by HT conditions, including imbalanced subsets of CD4+ T-helper cells, B regulatory (Breg) cells, high expression levels of CD56dim natural killer (NK) cells, and cytokines, possibly play an important role in impairing maternal tolerance to the fetus. In recent years, unprecedented progress has been made in recognizing the specific changes in immune cells and molecules in patients with HT, which will be helpful in exploring the mechanism of HT-related miscarriage. Based on these findings, research investigating some potentially more effective treatments, such as selenium (Se), vitamin D3, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), has been well developed over the past few years. In this review, we highlight some of the latest advances in the possible immunological pathogenesis of HT-related miscarriage and focus on the efficacies of treatments that have been widely introduced to clinical trials or practice described in the most recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Min
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74, Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong Dist, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74, Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong Dist, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74, Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong Dist, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Guobing Yin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74, Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong Dist, Chongqing 404100, China
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Valizadeh A, Sanaei R, Rezaei N, Azizi G, Fekrvand S, Aghamohammadi A, Yazdani R. Potential role of regulatory B cells in immunological diseases. Immunol Lett 2019; 215:48-59. [PMID: 31442542 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are immune-modulating cells that affect the immune system by producing cytokines or cellular interactions. These cells have immunomodulatory effects on the immune system by cytokine production. The abnormalities in Bregs could be involved in various disorders such as autoimmunity, chronic infectious disease, malignancies, allergies, and primary immunodeficiencies are immune-related scenarios. Ongoing investigation could disclose the biology and the exact phenotype of these cells and also the assigned mechanisms of action of each subset, as a result, potential therapeutic strategies for treating immune-related anomalies. In this review, we collect the findings of human and mouse Bregs and the therapeutic efforts to change the pathogenicity of these cells in diverse disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Valizadeh
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roozbeh Sanaei
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saba Fekrvand
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Yazdani
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Ruggeri RM, Cristani M, Vicchio TM, Alibrandi A, Giovinazzo S, Saija A, Campennì A, Trimarchi F, Gangemi S. Increased serum interleukin-37 (IL-37) levels correlate with oxidative stress parameters in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:199-205. [PMID: 29796799 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Interleukin-37 (IL-37), member of the IL-1 family, is a natural suppressor of immune and inflammatory responses. Increased serum IL-37 levels were observed in several autoimmune diseases, including Graves' disease. To our knowledge, no data on Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) are available in the literature. METHODS Aim of our study was to measure serum IL-37 levels and evaluate their relationship, if any, with oxidative stress markers in HT patients. We enrolled 45 euthyroid HT patients (5 M e 40 F, median age 40 years) and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. None was under L-thyroxine therapy. Serum IL-37 levels were measured by ELISA. Specific serum tests, such as derived reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), and biological anti-oxidant potential (BAP) test were performed in all subjects to investigate the changes in oxidative balance, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were determined as a specific marker of oxidative stress. RESULTS IL-37 levels were significantly higher in HT than in controls (median 475 vs. 268 pg/ml, P = 0.018). In the same patients, serum oxidants (d-ROMs) were increased and anti-oxidants (BAP) decreased compared with controls (P = 0.011 and < 0.0001, respectively), clearly indicating an enhanced oxidative stress. In addition, AGEs levels were higher in HT patients than in controls (210 vs. 140 AU/g prot, P < 0.0001) and directly correlated with IL-37 levels (P = 0.048). At multivariate analysis, the main independent predictors that influenced IL-37 levels were both anti-thyroid antibodies (P = 0.026) and AGEs levels (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS IL-37 is up-regulated in HT and may exert a protective role by counteracting oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Ruggeri
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
- UOC di Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Padiglione H, 4 piano - Policlinico Universitario "G. Martino", 98125, Messina, Italy.
| | - M Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - T M Vicchio
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - A Alibrandi
- Unit of Statistical and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Economics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Giovinazzo
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - A Saija
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - A Campennì
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, and Morpho-Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - F Trimarchi
- Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Postgraduate School and Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Ding YG, Chen G, Li Q, Wen XF, Wei L, Yang HS. Frequency of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells associated with disease activity in thyroid-associated orbitopathy. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:1458-1462. [PMID: 30225218 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.09.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association between IL-10-producing regulatory B (B10) cells and the clinical features of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). METHODS A total of 30 patients with TAO were recruited at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from May 2015 to December 2015. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated from blood samples of 30 TAO patients and 16 healthy controls and stimulated with CD40 ligand and CpG for 48h. The frequency of IL-10+ B cells was examined by flow cytometry and the correlation between the frequency of IL-10+ B cells and clinical features of TAO was analyzed by SPSS. RESULTS The frequency of IL-10+ B cells among CD19+ B cells in TAO patients was significantly lower than in healthy controls (TAO: 4.66%±1.88% vs healthy control: 6.82%±2.40%, P<0.01). The frequency of IL-10+ B cells showed a positive correlation with disease activity of TAO measured by Clinical Activity Score (CAS) (r=0.50, P<0.01), and became higher in TAO patients with family history of Graves' disease (GD) (P=0.04). CONCLUSION The decrease of the frequency of IL-10+ B cells in TAO patients indicates the deficiency of B10 cells in TAO, and the positive association with disease activity suggests its important role in TAO inflammation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Gang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Qindao Ludong Eye Hospital, Qingdao 266600, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the First Clinical College of Northwest University for Nationalities, the Cooperative Teaching Hospital of North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua-Sheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
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Santaguida MG, Gatto I, Mangino G, Virili C, Stramazzo I, Fallahi P, Antonelli A, Gargiulo P, Romeo G, Centanni M. Breg Cells in Celiac Disease Isolated or Associated to Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:5290865. [PMID: 30402096 PMCID: PMC6196981 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5290865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) may occur associated with celiac disease (CD). Regulatory B cells (Breg) subsets have been shown to play a significant role in autoimmune processes. Therefore, we have characterized their distribution in the peripheral blood obtained from 10 patients with isolated HT, 10 patients with HT + CD, 9 patients with isolated CD, and 9 healthy donors (HD). Th17 cells were significantly increased in patients with HT and in patients bearing both HT and CD, while patients with isolated CD exhibited a lower percentage of Th17, as compared with healthy donors. CD24hiCD38hi Breg cells were significantly higher in patients with HT + CD and in patients with isolated CD as compared to both HD patients and patients with isolated HT (p = 0.0010). On the contrary, Breg memory phenotypes (CD24hiCD38- and CD24hiCD27+) significantly decreased in patients with HT + CD as compared with the isolated disorders. Following CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulation, IL-10+ CD24hiCD38hi Breg cells were similar in all groups of patients, despite these cells would have been higher in CD patients. In conclusion, celiac disease, isolated and even more when associated with HT, determines a peculiar behavior of Breg cells which are increased in number but possibly functionally defective. Furthermore, the association CD + HT was characterized by a reduction of Breg memory subsets as compared with the isolated disorders. The behavior of Th17 subset in patients with celiac disease associated with HT might have been sensitive to the effect of long-lasting GFD, and it is essentially determined by the presence of thyroid autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giulia Santaguida
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Ilenia Gatto
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Camilla Virili
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Ilaria Stramazzo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Gargiulo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Marco Centanni
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, AUSL Latina, Latina, Italy
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