1
|
Chang D, Sun C, Tian X, Liu H, Jia Y, Guo Z. Regulation of cardiac fibroblasts reprogramming into cardiomyocyte-like cells with a cocktail of small molecule compounds. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:983-1000. [PMID: 38693086 PMCID: PMC11148126 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction results in extensive cardiomyocyte apoptosis, leading to the formation of noncontractile scar tissue. Given the limited regenerative capacity of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes, direct reprogramming of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) into cardiomyocytes represents a promising therapeutic strategy for myocardial repair, and small molecule drugs might offer a more attractive alternative to gene editing approaches in terms of safety and clinical feasibility. This study aimed to reprogram rat CFs into cardiomyocytes using a small molecular chemical mixture comprising CHIR99021, Valproic acid, Dorsomorphin, SB431542, and Forskolin. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of cardiomyocyte-specific markers, including cardiac troponin T (cTnT), Connexin 43 (Cx43), α-actinin, and Tbx5. Changes in intracellular calcium ion levels and Ca2+ signal transfer between adjacent cells were monitored using a calcium ion fluorescence probe. mRNA sequencing analysis demonstrated the upregulation of genes associated with cardiac morphogenesis, myocardial differentiation, and muscle fiber contraction during CF differentiation induced by the small-molecule compounds. Conversely, the expression of fibroblast-related genes was downregulated. These findings suggest that chemical-induced cell fate conversion of rat CFs into cardiomyocyte-like cells is feasible, offering a potential therapeutic solution for myocardial injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Changye Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Xiangqin Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Hongyin Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yangyang Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Zhikun Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li X, Yang Y, Chen S, Zhou J, Li J, Cheng Y. Epigenetics-based therapeutics for myocardial fibrosis. Life Sci 2021; 271:119186. [PMID: 33577852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is a reactive remodeling process in response to myocardial injury. It is mainly manifested by the proliferation of cardiac muscle fibroblasts and secreting extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to replace damaged tissue. However, the excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix, and the rising proportion of type I and type III collagen lead to pathological fibrotic remodeling, thereby facilitating the development of cardiac dysfunction and eventually causing heart failure with heightened mortality. Currently, the molecular mechanisms of MF are still not fully understood. With the development of epigenetics, it is found that epigenetics controls the transcription of pro-fibrotic genes in MF by DNA methylation, histone modification and noncoding RNAs. In this review, we summarize and discuss the research progress of the mechanisms underlying MF from the perspective of epigenetics, including the newest m6A modification and crosstalk between different epigenetics in MF. We also offer a succinct overview of promising molecules targeting epigenetic regulators, which may provide novel therapeutic strategies against MF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sixuan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang NB, Beitz AM, Galloway KE. Engineering cell fate: Applying synthetic biology to cellular reprogramming. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 24:18-31. [PMID: 36330198 PMCID: PMC9629175 DOI: 10.1016/j.coisb.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular reprogramming drives cells from one stable identity to a new cell fate. By generating a diversity of previously inaccessible cell types from diverse genetic backgrounds, cellular reprogramming is rapidly transforming how we study disease. However, low efficiency and limited maturity have limited the adoption of in vitro-derived cellular models. To overcome these limitations and improve mechanistic understanding of cellular reprogramming, a host of synthetic biology tools have been deployed. Recent synthetic biology approaches have advanced reprogramming by tackling three significant challenges to reprogramming: delivery of reprogramming factors, epigenetic roadblocks, and latent donor identity. In addition, emerging insight from the molecular systems biology of reprogramming reveal how systems-level drivers of reprogramming can be harnessed to further advance reprogramming technologies. Furthermore, recently developed synthetic biology tools offer new modes for engineering cell fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan B Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, 25 Ames St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Adam M Beitz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, 25 Ames St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kate E Galloway
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, 25 Ames St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tavakoli S, Ghaderi Jafarbeigloo HR, Shariati A, Jahangiryan A, Jadidi F, Jadidi Kouhbanani MA, Hassanzadeh A, Zamani M, Javidi K, Naimi A. Mesenchymal stromal cells; a new horizon in regenerative medicine. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9185-9210. [PMID: 32452052 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) biomedical utilizing has attracted worldwide growing attention. After the first report of the human MSCs obtaining from the bone marrow (BM) tissue, these cells were isolated from wide types of the other tissues, ranging from adipose tissue to dental pulp. Their specific characteristics, comprising self-renewality, multipotency, and availability accompanied by their immunomodulatory properties and little ethical concern denote their importance in the context of regenerative medicine. Considering preclinical studies, MSCs can modify immune reactions during tissue repair and restoration, providing suitable milieu for tissue recovery; on the other hand, they can be differentiated into comprehensive types of the body cells, such as osteoblast, chondrocyte, hepatocyte, cardiomyocyte, fibroblast, and neural cells. Though a large number of studies have investigated MSCs capacities in regenerative medicine in varied animal models, the oncogenic capability of unregulated MSCs differentiation must be more assessed to enable their application in the clinic. In the current review, we provide a brief overview of MSCs sources, isolation, and expansion as well as immunomodulatory activities. More important, we try to collect and discuss recent preclinical and clinical research and evaluate current challenges in the context of the MSC-based cell therapy for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Tavakoli
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Shariati
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Jahangiryan
- Immunology Department, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine (IBTO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Jadidi
- Student Research Committee, Zarand School of Nursing, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammd Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Zamani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Kamran Javidi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Adel Naimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| |
Collapse
|