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Reboud-Ravaux M. [The proteasome - structural aspects and inhibitors: a second life for a validated drug target]. Biol Aujourdhui 2021; 215:1-23. [PMID: 34397372 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2021005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The proteasome is the central component of the adaptable ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) discovered in the 1980's. It sustains protein homeostasis (proteostasis) under a large variety of physiological and pathological conditions. Its dysregulation has been often associated to various human diseases. Its potential regulation by modulators has emerged as promising avenue to develop treatments of various pathologies. The FDA approval in 2003 of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib to treat multiple myeloma, then mantle lymphoma in 2006, has considerably increased the clinical interest of proteasome inhibition. Second-generation proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib) have been approved to overcome bortezomib resistance and improved toxicity profile and route of administration. Selective inhibition of immunoproteasome is a promising approach towards the development of immunomodulatory drugs. The design of these drugs relies greatly on the elucidation of high-resolution structures of the targeted proteasomes. The ATPase-dependent 26S proteasome (2.4 MDa) consists of a 20S proteolytic core and one or two 19S regulatory particles. The 20S core contains three types of catalytic sites. In recent years, due to technical advances especially in atomic cryo-electron microscopy, significant progress has been made in the understanding of 26S proteasome structure and its dynamics. Stepwise conformational changes of the 19S particle induced by ATP hydrolysis lead to substrate translocation, 20S pore opening and processive protein degradation by the 20S proteolytic subunits (2β1, 2β2 and 2β5). A large variety of structurally different inhibitors, both natural products or synthetic compounds targeting immuno- and constitutive proteasomes, has been discovered. The latest advances in this drug discovery are presented. Knowledge about structures, inhibition mechanism and detailed biological regulations of proteasomes can guide strategies for the development of next-generation inhibitors to treat human diseases, especially cancers, immune disorders and pathogen infections. Proteasome activators are also potentially applicable to the reduction of proteotoxic stresses in neurodegeneration and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Verma S, Ravichandiran V, Ranjan N, Flora SJS. Recent Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Bisbenzimidazoles. Med Chem 2021; 16:454-486. [PMID: 31038072 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666190416120801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are one of the most common structural motifs in approximately 80% of the marketed drugs. Of these, benzimidazoles analogues are known to elicit a wide spectrum of pharmaceutical activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antiviral, antifungal as well as chemosensor effect. Based on the benzimidazole core fused heterocyclic compounds, crescent-shaped bisbenzimidazoles were developed which provided an early breakthrough in the sequence-specific DNA recognition. Over the years, a number of functional variations in the bisbenzimidazole core have led to the emergence of their unique properties and established them as versatile ligands against several classes of pathogens. The present review provides an overview of diverse pharmacological activities of the bisbenzimidazole analogues in the past decade with a brief account of its development through the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Verma
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, ITI Compound, Raebareli, 229010, India.,National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Vishnuvardh Ravichandiran
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, ITI Compound, Raebareli, 229010, India
| | - Swaran J S Flora
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, ITI Compound, Raebareli, 229010, India
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Allardyce DJ, Bell CM, Loizidou EZ. Argyrin B, a non-competitive inhibitor of the human immunoproteasome exhibiting preference for β1i. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 94:1556-1567. [PMID: 31074944 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of the proteasome have found broad therapeutic applications; however, they show severe toxicity due to the abundance of proteasomes in healthy cells. In contrast, inhibitors of the immunoproteasome, which is upregulated during disease states, are less toxic and have increased therapeutic potential including against autoimmune disorders. In this project, we report argyrin B, a natural product cyclic peptide to be a reversible, non-competitive inhibitor of the immunoproteasome. Argyrin B showed selective inhibition of the β5i and β1i sites of the immunoproteasome over the β5c and β1c sites of the constitutive proteasome with nearly 20-fold selective inhibition of β1i over the homologous β1c. Molecular modelling attributes the β1i over β1c selectivity to the small hydrophobic S1 pocket of β1i and β5i over β5c to site-specific amino acid variations that enable additional bonding interactions and stabilization of the binding conformation. These findings facilitate the design of immunoproteasome selective and reversible inhibitors that may have a greater therapeutic potential and lower toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan J Allardyce
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Celia M Bell
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Eriketi Z Loizidou
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, UK
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Villoutreix BO, Khatib AM, Cheng Y, Miteva MA, Maréchal X, Vidal J, Reboud-Ravaux M. Blockade of the malignant phenotype by β-subunit selective noncovalent inhibition of immuno- and constitutive proteasomes. Oncotarget 2018; 8:10437-10449. [PMID: 28060729 PMCID: PMC5354670 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A structure-based virtual screening of over 400,000 small molecules against the constitutive proteasome activity followed by in vitro assays led to the discovery of a family of proteasome inhibitors with a sulfonyl piperazine scaffold. Some members of this family of small non-peptidic inhibitors were found to act selectively on the β2 trypsin-like catalytic site with a preference for the immunoproteasome β2i over the constitutive proteasome β2c, while some act on the β5 site and post-acid site β1 of both, the immunoproteasome and the constitutive proteasome. Anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects on tumor cells were investigated and observed for two compounds. We report novel chemical inhibitors able to interfere with the three types of active centers of both, the immuno- and constitutive proteasomes. Identifying and analyzing a novel scaffold with decorations able to shift the binders’ active site selectivity is essential to design a future generation of proteasome inhibitors able to distinguish the immunoproteasome from the constitutive proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yan Cheng
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, IBPS, Paris, France
| | - Maria A Miteva
- INSERM, U 973, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Maréchal
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, IBPS, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Vidal
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, UMR-CNRS 6226, Rennes, France
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 8256, ERL U1164, B2A, IBPS, Paris, France
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Bakas NA, Schultz CR, Yco LP, Roberts CC, Chang CEA, Bachmann AS, Pirrung MC. Immunoproteasome inhibition and bioactivity of thiasyrbactins. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:401-412. [PMID: 29269255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A family of macrodilactam natural products, the syrbactins, are known proteasome inhibitors. A small group of syrbactin analogs was prepared with a sulfur-for-carbon substitution to enhance synthetic accessibility and facilitate modulation of their solubility. Two of these compounds surprisingly proved to be inhibitors of the trypsin-like catalytic site, including of the immunoproteasome. Their bound and free conformations suggest special properties of the thiasyrbactin ring are responsible for this unusual preference, which may be exploited to develop drug-like immunoproteasome inhibitors. These compounds show greater selectivity than earlier compounds used to infer phenotypes of immunoproteasome inhibition, like ONX-0914.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Bakas
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Chad R Schultz
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Lisette P Yco
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | | | - Chia-En A Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - André S Bachmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
| | - Michael C Pirrung
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Hovhannisyan AA, Pham TH, Bouvier D, Tan X, Touhar S, Mkryan GG, Dallakyan AM, El Amri C, Melikyan GS, Reboud-Ravaux M, Bouvier-Durand M. Phenoxypropanolamine derivatives as selective inhibitors of the 20S proteasome β1 and β5 subunits. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:5172-5178. [PMID: 29113763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
New series of thiophene-containing phenoxypropanolamines were synthesized and evaluated for their potency to inhibit the three proteolytic activities of the mammalian 20S proteasome. Noticeable inhibition of both ChT-L and PA activities was obtained with three compounds: one with unsubstituted phenoxypropanolamine group (7) and the two others with a p-Cl-substituted group (4 and 9). For three other compounds (3, 8 and 10), ChT-L activity alone was significantly inhibited. In silico docking performed on the β5 and β1 subunits bearing the respective ChT-L and PA catalytic sites showed features common to poses associated with active compounds. These features may constitute a selectivity criterion for structure-guided inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Hovhannisyan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian Str., 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - The Hien Pham
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS, CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Bouvier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Atelier de BioInformatique, ISYEB, UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, CP 50, 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Xiao Tan
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS, CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - SiAmmar Touhar
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS, CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gevorg G Mkryan
- The Scientific Technological Centre of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry HAS A.L.Mnjoyan Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry, 26 Azatutyan Str., Yerevan 0014, Armenia
| | - Ashot M Dallakyan
- The Scientific Technological Centre of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry HAS A.L.Mnjoyan Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry, 26 Azatutyan Str., Yerevan 0014, Armenia
| | - Chahrazade El Amri
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS, CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gagik S Melikyan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian Str., 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS, CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Michelle Bouvier-Durand
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS, CNRS UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.
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Kaplan GS, Torcun CC, Grune T, Ozer NK, Karademir B. Proteasome inhibitors in cancer therapy: Treatment regimen and peripheral neuropathy as a side effect. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 103:1-13. [PMID: 27940347 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Proteasomal system plays an important role in protein turnover, which is essential for homeostasis of cells. Besides degradation of oxidized proteins, it is involved in the regulation of many different signaling pathways. These pathways include mainly cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, transcriptional activation and angiogenesis. Thus, proteasomal system is a crucial target for treatment of several diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, cystic fibrosis, atherosclerosis, autoimmune diseases, diabetes and cancer. Over the last fifteen years, proteasome inhibitors have been tested to highlight their mechanisms of action and used in the clinic to treat different types of cancer. Proteasome inhibitors are mainly used in combinational therapy along with classical chemo-radiotherapy. Several studies have proved their significant effects but serious side effects such as peripheral neuropathy, limits their use in required effective doses. Recent studies focus on peripheral neuropathy as the primary side effect of proteasome inhibitors. Therefore, it is important to delineate the underlying mechanisms of peripheral neuropathy and develop new inhibitors according to obtained data. This review will detail the role of proteasome inhibition in cancer therapy and development of peripheral neuropathy as a side effect. Additionally, new approaches to prevent treatment-limiting side effects will be discussed in order to help researchers in developing effective strategies to overcome side effects of proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulce Sari Kaplan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Corek Torcun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department for Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Nesrin Kartal Ozer
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Karademir
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
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