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Shen Y, Zhang G, Wei C, Zhao P, Wang Y, Li M, Sun L. Potential role and therapeutic implications of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:613-631. [PMID: 38886929 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxidative stress mediates excessive oxidative responses, and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis as a primary or secondary pathological event is widely accepted. As a member of the selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme family, glutathione peroxidase 4 reduces esterified phospholipid hydroperoxides to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. With the discovery of ferroptosis, the central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in anti-lipid peroxidation in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, has received widespread attention. Increasing evidence suggests that glutathione peroxidase 4 expression is inhibited in the Alzheimer's disease brain, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, which are closely associated with pathological damage in Alzheimer's disease. Several therapeutic approaches, such as small molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological treatments, ameliorate pathological damage and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by promoting glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and enhancing glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Therefore, glutathione peroxidase 4 upregulation may be a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase 4, a discussion on the important role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in pathological events closely related to Alzheimer's disease, and a summary of the advances in small-molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Most prior studies on this subject used animal models, and relevant clinical studies are lacking. Future clinical trials are required to validate the therapeutic effects of strategies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Shen
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chunxiao Wei
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Yao F, Zhou S, Zhang R, Chen Y, Huang W, Yu K, Yang N, Qian X, Tie X, Xu J, Zhang Y, Baheti T, Xu J, Dai X, Hao X, Zhang L, Wang X, Li Q. CRISPR/Cas9 screen reveals that targeting TRIM34 enhances ferroptosis sensitivity and augments immunotherapy efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 593:216935. [PMID: 38704136 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignancy characterized by complex heterogeneity and drug resistance. Resistance to ferroptosis is closely related to the progression of HCC. While HCC tumors vary in their sensitivity to ferroptosis, the precise factors underlying this heterogeneity remain unclear. In this study, we sought to elucidate the mechanisms that contribute to ferroptosis resistance in HCC. Whole-genome CRISPR/Cas9 screen using a subtoxic concentration (IC20) of ferroptosis inducer erastin in the HCC cell line Huh7 revealed TRIM34 as a critical driver of ferroptosis resistance in HCC. Further investigation revealed that TRIM34 suppresses ferroptosis in HCC cells, promoting their proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, TRIM34 expression is elevated in HCC tumor tissues, correlating with a poor prognosis. Mechanistically, TRIM34 directly interacts with Up-frameshift 1 (UPF1), a core component of the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway, to promote its ubiquitination and degradation. This interaction suppresses GPX4 transcript degradation, thus promoting the protein levels of this critical ferroptosis suppressor in HCC. In light of the close crosstalk between ferroptosis and the adaptive immune response in cancer, HCC cells with targeting knockdown of TRIM34 exhibited an improved response to anti-PD-1 treatment. Taken together, the TRIM34/UPF1/GPX4 axis mediates ferroptosis resistance in HCC, thereby promoting malignant phenotypes. Targeting TRIM34 may thus represent a promising new strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Yao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Suiqing Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yining Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Ili & Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health, Ili, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nanmu Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Xiangjun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tie
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiali Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Ili & Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health, Ili, China
| | - Tasiken Baheti
- Department of General Surgery, The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Ili & Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health, Ili, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinzheng Dai
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiaopei Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Liren Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Qing Li
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Cancers (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Parant F, Mure F, Maurin J, Beauvilliers L, Chorfa C, El Jamali C, Ohlmann T, Chavatte L. Selenium Discrepancies in Fetal Bovine Serum: Impact on Cellular Selenoprotein Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7261. [PMID: 39000368 PMCID: PMC11242189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element in our diet, crucial for the composition of human selenoproteins, which include 25 genes such as glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxin reductases. The regulation of the selenoproteome primarily hinges on the bioavailability of selenium, either from dietary sources or cell culture media. This selenium-dependent control follows a specific hierarchy, with "housekeeping" selenoproteins maintaining constant expression while "stress-regulated" counterparts respond to selenium level fluctuations. This study investigates the variability in fetal bovine serum (FBS) selenium concentrations among commercial batches and its effects on the expression of specific stress-related cellular selenoproteins. Despite the limitations of our study, which exclusively used HEK293 cells and focused on a subset of selenoproteins, our findings highlight the substantial impact of serum selenium levels on selenoprotein expression, particularly for GPX1 and GPX4. The luciferase reporter assay emerged as a sensitive and precise method for evaluating selenium levels in cell culture environments. While not exhaustive, this analysis provides valuable insights into selenium-mediated selenoprotein regulation, emphasizing the importance of serum composition in cellular responses and offering guidance for researchers in the selenoprotein field.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Parant
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites (LBMMS), Hôpital Lyon-Sud-Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Fabrice Mure
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), 69007 Lyon, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Division Recherche, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), 69008 Lyon, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5308 (UMR5308), 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Julien Maurin
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites (LBMMS), Hôpital Lyon-Sud-Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Léana Beauvilliers
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites (LBMMS), Hôpital Lyon-Sud-Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Chaïma Chorfa
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), 69007 Lyon, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Division Recherche, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), 69008 Lyon, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5308 (UMR5308), 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Chaymae El Jamali
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), 69007 Lyon, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Division Recherche, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), 69008 Lyon, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5308 (UMR5308), 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Théophile Ohlmann
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), 69007 Lyon, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Division Recherche, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), 69008 Lyon, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5308 (UMR5308), 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Chavatte
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), 69007 Lyon, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Division Recherche, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), 69008 Lyon, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5308 (UMR5308), 69007 Lyon, France
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Vindry C, Guillin O, Wolff P, Marie P, Mortreux F, Mangeot P, Ohlmann T, Chavatte L. A homozygous mutation in the human selenocysteine tRNA gene impairs UGA recoding activity and selenoproteome regulation by selenium. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:7580-7601. [PMID: 37254812 PMCID: PMC10415148 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA (tRNA[Ser]Sec) governs Sec insertion into selenoproteins by the recoding of a UGA codon, typically used as a stop codon. A homozygous point mutation (C65G) in the human tRNA[Ser]Sec acceptor arm has been reported by two independent groups and was associated with symptoms such as thyroid dysfunction and low blood selenium levels; however, the extent of altered selenoprotein synthesis resulting from this mutation has yet to be comprehensively investigated. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to engineer homozygous and heterozygous mutant human cells, which we then compared with the parental cell lines. This C65G mutation affected many aspects of tRNA[Ser]Sec integrity and activity. Firstly, the expression level of tRNA[Ser]Sec was significantly reduced due to an altered recruitment of RNA polymerase III at the promoter. Secondly, selenoprotein expression was strongly altered, but, more surprisingly, it was no longer sensitive to selenium supplementation. Mass spectrometry analyses revealed a tRNA isoform with unmodified wobble nucleotide U34 in mutant cells that correlated with reduced UGA recoding activities. Overall, this study demonstrates the pleiotropic effect of a single C65G mutation on both tRNA phenotype and selenoproteome expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Vindry
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, 69007 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS/ENS/UCBL1 UMR5308, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Olivia Guillin
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, 69007 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS/ENS/UCBL1 UMR5308, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Wolff
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Paul Marie
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- LBMC, Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, 69007 Lyon, France
- CNRS/ENS/UCBL1 UMR5239, 69007 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1210, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Franck Mortreux
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- LBMC, Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, 69007 Lyon, France
- CNRS/ENS/UCBL1 UMR5239, 69007 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1210, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Philippe E Mangeot
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, 69007 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS/ENS/UCBL1 UMR5308, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Théophile Ohlmann
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, 69007 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS/ENS/UCBL1 UMR5308, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Chavatte
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, 69007 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS/ENS/UCBL1 UMR5308, 69007 Lyon, France
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Shetty SP, Kiledjian NT, Copeland PR. The selenoprotein P 3' untranslated region is an RNA binding protein platform that fine tunes selenocysteine incorporation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271453. [PMID: 35905095 PMCID: PMC9337670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins contain the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), which is incorporated at select UGA codons when a specialized hairpin sequence, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, is present in the 3' UTR. Aside from the SECIS, selenoprotein mRNA 3' UTRs are not conserved between different selenoproteins within a species. In contrast, the 3'-UTR of a given selenoprotein is often conserved across species, which supports the hypothesis that cis-acting elements in the 3'-UTR other than the SECIS exert post-transcriptional control on selenoprotein expression. In order to determine the function of one such SECIS context, we chose to focus on the plasma selenoprotein, SELENOP, which is required to maintain selenium homeostasis as a selenium transport protein that contains 10 Sec residues. It is unique in that its mRNA contains two SECIS elements in the context of a highly conserved 843-nucleotide 3' UTR. Here we have used RNA affinity chromatography and identified PTBP1 as the major RNA binding protein that specifically interacts with the sequence between the two SECIS elements. We then used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to delete two regions surrounding the first SECIS element. We found that these sequences are involved in regulating SELENOP mRNA and protein levels, which are inversely altered as a function of selenium concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumangala P. Shetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Nora T. Kiledjian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Paul R. Copeland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
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Kiledjian NT, Shah R, Vetick MB, Copeland PR. The expression of essential selenoproteins during development requires SECIS-binding protein 2-like. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202101291. [PMID: 35210313 PMCID: PMC8881744 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary requirement for selenium is based on its incorporation into selenoproteins, which contain the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). The Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) is an RNA structure found in the 3' UTR of all selenoprotein mRNAs, and it is required to convert in-frame UGA codons from termination to Sec-incorporating codons. SECIS-binding protein 2 (Sbp2) is required for Sec incorporation, but its paralogue, SECIS-binding protein 2-like (Secisbp2l), while conserved, has no known function. Here we determined the relative roles of Sbp2 and Secisbp2l by introducing CRISPR mutations in both genes in zebrafish. By monitoring selenoprotein synthesis with 75Se labeling during embryogenesis, we found that sbp2 -/- embryos still make a select subset of selenoproteins but secisbp2l -/- embryos retain the full complement. Abrogation of both genes completely prevents selenoprotein synthesis and juveniles die at 14 days post fertilization. Embryos lacking Sbp2 are sensitive to oxidative stress and express the stress marker Vtg1. We propose a model where Secisbp2l is required to promote essential selenoprotein synthesis when Sbp2 activity is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rushvi Shah
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Paul R Copeland
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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Asakawa A, Kawade G, Kurata M, Fukuda S, Onishi I, Kinowaki Y, Ishibashi S, Ikeda M, Watabe S, Kobayashi M, Ishibashi H, Okubo K, Kitagawa M, Yamamoto K. Stratification of lung squamous cell carcinoma based on ferroptosis regulators: Potential for new therapeutic strategies involving ferroptosis induction. Lung Cancer 2022; 165:82-90. [PMID: 35101731 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) exhibits poor response to treatment compared with other lung cancer subtypes, resulting in worse prognosis. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are required for advanced LSCC. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered nonapoptotic cell death caused by intracellular lipid peroxidation that can bring about effective cell death in cancer cells resistant to apoptosis. Hence, ferroptosis is a potential therapeutic strategy for refractory cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we performed clinicopathological and molecular analyses on tumor specimens from 270 patients with squamous cell lung cancer, focusing on the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), which are known to be key regulators of ferroptosis, and the accumulation of 4-hydroxynoneral (4-HNE), a lipid peroxidation marker. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed that patients with low 4-HNE accumulation and low levels of GPX4 or FSP1 had significantly worse prognoses than other patients (P = 0.001). This stratification was an independent prognostic predictor (P = 0.003). A dramatic cell death synergistic effect was observed on LSCC-derived LK-2 and EBC1 cells treated with GPX4 and FSP1 inhibitors. This effect was completely inhibited by treatment with the ferroptosis inhibitor. Notably, this was not the case in LK-2 cells treated with the apoptosis inhibitor, and in these cells, ferroptosis was induced. CONCLUSION Ferroptosis regulators GPX4 and FSP1 are associated with lung squamous cell cancer cancer's prognosis. We present the clinicopathological and molecular basis of novel therapeutic strategies for refractory LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Asakawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Genji Kawade
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Morito Kurata
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sho Fukuda
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Iichiroh Onishi
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuko Kinowaki
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ishibashi
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masumi Ikeda
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shiori Watabe
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masashi Kobayashi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hironori Ishibashi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kenichi Okubo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kitagawa
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamamoto
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
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8
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Lee KW, Shin Y, Lee S, Lee S. Inherited Disorders of Thyroid Hormone Metabolism Defect Caused by the Dysregulation of Selenoprotein Expression. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 12:803024. [PMID: 35126314 PMCID: PMC8807339 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.803024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent activation and functioning of thyroid hormones are essential to the human body as a whole, especially in controlling the metabolic rate of all organs and systems. Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones describes any process that interferes with the effectiveness of thyroid hormones. The genetic origin of inherited thyroid hormone defects and the investigation of genetic defects upon the processing of thyroid hormones are of utmost importance. Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone can be categorized into three conditions: thyroid hormone cell membrane transport defect (THCMTD), thyroid hormone metabolism defect (THMD), and thyroid hormone action defect (THAD). THMD is caused by defects in the synthesis and processing of deiodinases that convert the prohormone thyroxine (T4) to the active hormone triiodothyronine (T3). Deiodinase, a selenoprotein, requires unique translation machinery that is collectively composed of the selenocysteine (Sec) insertion sequence (SECIS) elements, Sec-insertion sequence-binding protein 2 (SECISBP2), Sec-specific eukaryotic elongation factor (EEFSEC), and Sec-specific tRNA (TRU-TCA1-1), which leads to the recognition of the UGA codon as a Sec codon for translation into the growing polypeptide. In addition, THMD could be expanded to the defects of enzymes that are involved in thyroid hormone conjugation, such as glucuronidation and sulphation. Paucity of inherited disorders in this category leaves them beyond the scope of this review. This review attempts to specifically explore the genomic causes and effects that result in a significant deficiency of T3 hormones due to inadequate function of deiodinases. Moreover, along with SECISBP2, TRU-TCA1-1, and deiodinase type-1 (DIO1) mutations, this review describes the variants in DIO2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) that result in the reduced activity of DIO2 and subsequent abnormal conversion of T3 from T4. Finally, this review provides additional insight into the general functionality of selenium supplementation and T3/T4 combination treatment in patients with hypothyroidism, suggesting the steps that need to be taken in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Won Lee
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoochan Shin
- Laboratory of Genomics and Translational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sungahn Lee
- Laboratory of Genomics and Translational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sihoon Lee
- Laboratory of Genomics and Translational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
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9
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Copeland PR, Howard MT. Ribosome Fate during Decoding of UGA-Sec Codons. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413204. [PMID: 34948001 PMCID: PMC8704476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Decoding of genetic information into polypeptides occurs during translation, generally following the codon assignment rules of the organism's genetic code. However, recoding signals in certain mRNAs can overwrite the normal rules of translation. An exquisite example of this occurs during translation of selenoprotein mRNAs, wherein UGA codons are reassigned to encode for the 21st proteogenic amino acid, selenocysteine. In this review, we will examine what is known about the mechanisms of UGA recoding and discuss the fate of ribosomes that fail to incorporate selenocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R. Copeland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Correspondence: (P.R.C.); (M.T.H.)
| | - Michael T. Howard
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Correspondence: (P.R.C.); (M.T.H.)
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10
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Schoenmakers E, Chatterjee K. Human Genetic Disorders Resulting in Systemic Selenoprotein Deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12927. [PMID: 34884733 PMCID: PMC8658020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium, a trace element fundamental to human health, is incorporated as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) into more than 25 proteins, referred to as selenoproteins. Human mutations in SECISBP2, SEPSECS and TRU-TCA1-1, three genes essential in the selenocysteine incorporation pathway, affect the expression of most if not all selenoproteins. Systemic selenoprotein deficiency results in a complex, multifactorial disorder, reflecting loss of selenoprotein function in specific tissues and/or long-term impaired selenoenzyme-mediated defence against oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. SEPSECS mutations are associated with a predominantly neurological phenotype with progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy. Selenoprotein deficiency due to SECISBP2 and TRU-TCA1-1 defects are characterized by abnormal circulating thyroid hormones due to lack of Sec-containing deiodinases, low serum selenium levels (low SELENOP, GPX3), with additional features (myopathy due to low SELENON; photosensitivity, hearing loss, increased adipose mass and function due to reduced antioxidant and endoplasmic reticulum stress defence) in SECISBP2 cases. Antioxidant therapy ameliorates oxidative damage in cells and tissues of patients, but its longer term benefits remain undefined. Ongoing surveillance of patients enables ascertainment of additional phenotypes which may provide further insights into the role of selenoproteins in human biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishna Chatterjee
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
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11
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Geslot A, Savagner F, Caron P. Inherited Selenocysteine Transfer RNA Mutation: Clinical and Hormonal Evaluation of 2 Patients. Eur Thyroid J 2021; 10:542-547. [PMID: 34956927 PMCID: PMC8647050 DOI: 10.1159/000518275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iodothyronine deiodinases are selenoproteins with the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) introduced into the position of a TGA stop codon by a complex machinery involving tRNA[Ser]Sec when a cis-acting Sec-insertion sequence element is present in the 3' end of the mRNA. Recently, a variant in the TRU-TCA1-1 gene encoding for tRNA[Ser]Sec was reported, which resulted in reduced expression of stress-related selenoproteins. The proband presented with multisystem symptoms, euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia, and selenium deficiency. Here, we describe 2 new members of a family harboring the same tRNA[Ser]Sec variant. CASE PRESENTATION A 13-year-old patient was seen for Hashimoto's disease with high FT3 (4.6 pg/mL, normal range 2-4.2 pg/mL) and normal FT4 and TSH concentrations. He had no clinical complaints. During a 6-year clinical and hormonal follow-up, the index patient was not treated, FT3 decreased, FT4 increased, and serum TSH stayed in the normal range resulting in a euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia. Reverse T3 concentration was significantly increased at the last visit (19 years and 4 months). At the last evaluation, the total selenium level was low (91 μg/L, normal range 95-125). DNA sequencing identified a germinal homozygous variant (C65G) in the TRU-TCA1-1 gene. During follow-up, no additional clinical symptom was observed in the absence of any treatment. The same germinal tRNA[Ser]Sec variant was identified at heterozygous state in his father, who had normal thyroid function tests except a moderately increased reverse T3 concentration, with increased total selenium (143 μg/L) level. In both patients, the expression of stress-related selenoprotein GPX3 was in the low-normal range (168 and 180 IU/L, respectively, normal range: 150-558 IU/L). We did not find any significant biological abnormalities evocative of other selenoprotein deficiencies. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION We report on 2 members of a family with a variant in the TRU-TCA1-1 gene encoding for tRNA[Ser]Sec. Our study suggests that this tRNA[Ser]Sec variant is not exclusively causative of disruption in selenoprotein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Geslot
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolic diseases, CHU Larrey, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Philippe Caron
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolic diseases, CHU Larrey, Toulouse, France
- *Philippe Caron,
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12
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Kunovac A, Hathaway QA, Pinti MV, Durr AJ, Taylor AD, Goldsmith WT, Garner KL, Nurkiewicz TR, Hollander JM. Enhanced antioxidant capacity prevents epitranscriptomic and cardiac alterations in adult offspring gestationally-exposed to ENM. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:812-831. [PMID: 33969789 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1921299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maternal engineered nanomaterial (ENM) exposure during gestation has been associated with negative long-term effects on cardiovascular health in progeny. Here, we evaluate an epitranscriptomic mechanism that contributes to these chronic ramifications and whether overexpression of mitochondrial phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (mPHGPx) can preserve cardiovascular function and bioenergetics in offspring following gestational nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) inhalation exposure. Wild-type (WT) and mPHGPx (Tg) dams were exposed to nano-TiO2 aerosols with a mass concentration of 12.01 ± 0.50 mg/m3 starting from gestational day (GD) 5 for 360 mins/day for 6 nonconsecutive days over 8 days. Echocardiography was performed in pregnant dams, adult (11-week old) and fetal (GD 14) progeny. Mitochondrial function and global N6-methyladenosine (m6A) content were assessed in adult progeny. MPHGPx enzymatic function was further evaluated in adult progeny and m6A-RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) was combined with RT-qPCR to evaluate m6A content in the 3'-UTR. Following gestational ENM exposure, global longitudinal strain (GLS) was 32% lower in WT adult offspring of WT dams, with preservation in WT offspring of Tg dams. MPHGPx activity was significantly reduced in WT offspring (29%) of WT ENM-exposed dams, but preserved in the progeny of Tg dams. M6A-RIP-qPCR for the SEC insertion sequence region of mPHGPx revealed hypermethylation in WT offspring from ENM-exposed WT dams, which was thwarted in the presence of the maternal transgene. Our findings implicate that m6A hypermethylation of mPHGPx may be culpable for diminished antioxidant capacity and resultant mitochondrial and cardiac deficits that persist into adulthood following gestational ENM inhalation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Kunovac
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Quincy A Hathaway
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mark V Pinti
- Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Andrya J Durr
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Andrew D Taylor
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - William T Goldsmith
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Krista L Garner
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - John M Hollander
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Mitochondria, Metabolism & Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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13
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Transcript Regulation of the Recoded Archaeal α-l-Fucosidase In Vivo. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071861. [PMID: 33806142 PMCID: PMC8037382 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic decoding is flexible, due to programmed deviation of the ribosomes from standard translational rules, globally termed "recoding". In Archaea, recoding has been unequivocally determined only for termination codon readthrough events that regulate the incorporation of the unusual amino acids selenocysteine and pyrrolysine, and for -1 programmed frameshifting that allow the expression of a fully functional α-l-fucosidase in the crenarchaeon Saccharolobus solfataricus, in which several functional interrupted genes have been identified. Increasing evidence suggests that the flexibility of the genetic code decoding could provide an evolutionary advantage in extreme conditions, therefore, the identification and study of interrupted genes in extremophilic Archaea could be important from an astrobiological point of view, providing new information on the origin and evolution of the genetic code and on the limits of life on Earth. In order to shed some light on the mechanism of programmed -1 frameshifting in Archaea, here we report, for the first time, on the analysis of the transcription of this recoded archaeal α-l-fucosidase and of its full-length mutant in different growth conditions in vivo. We found that only the wild type mRNA significantly increased in S. solfataricus after cold shock and in cells grown in minimal medium containing hydrolyzed xyloglucan as carbon source. Our results indicated that the increased level of fucA mRNA cannot be explained by transcript up-regulation alone. A different mechanism related to translation efficiency is discussed.
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14
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Taguchi T, Kurata M, Onishi I, Kinowaki Y, Sato Y, Shiono S, Ishibashi S, Ikeda M, Yamamoto M, Kitagawa M, Yamamoto K. SECISBP2 is a novel prognostic predictor that regulates selenoproteins in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Transl Med 2021; 101:218-227. [PMID: 33077808 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00495-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4; an enzyme that suppresses peroxidation of membrane phospholipids) is considered a poor prognostic predictor of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the mechanisms employed in GPX4 overexpression remain unknown. GPX4 is translated as a complete protein upon the binding of SECISBP2 to the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) on the 3'UTR of GPX4 mRNA. In this study, we investigated the expression of SECISBP2 and its subsequent regulation of GPX4 and TXNRD1 in DLBCL patients. Moreover, we determined the significance of the expression of these selenoproteins in vitro using MD901 and Raji cells. SECISBP2 was positive in 45.5% (75/165 cases) of DLBCL samples. The SECISBP2-positive group was associated with low overall survival (OS) as compared to the SECISBP2-negative group (P = 0.006). Similarly, the SECISBP2 and GPX4 or TXNRD1 double-positive groups (P < 0.001), as well as the SECISBP2, GPX4, and TXNRD1 triple-positive group correlated with poor OS (P = 0.001), suggesting that SECISBP2 may serve as an independent prognostic predictor for DLBCL (hazard ratio (HR): 2.693, P = 0.008). In addition, western blotting showed a decrease in GPX4 and TXNRD1 levels in SECISBP2-knockout (KO) MD901 and Raji cells. Oxidative stress increased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in SECISBP2-KO cells (MD901; P < 0.001, Raji; P = 0.020), and reduced cell proliferation (MD901; P = 0.001, Raji; P = 0.030), suggesting that SECISBP2-KO suppressed resistance to oxidative stress. Doxorubicin treatment increased the rate of cell death in SECISBP2-KO cells (MD901; P < 0.001, Raji; P = 0.048). Removal of oxidative stress inhibited the altered cell death rate. Taken together, our results suggest that SECISBP2 may be a novel therapeutic target in DLBCL.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Oxidative Stress/genetics
- Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase/genetics
- Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
- Prognosis
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Selenoproteins/genetics
- Selenoproteins/metabolism
- Thioredoxin Reductase 1/genetics
- Thioredoxin Reductase 1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Towako Taguchi
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Morito Kurata
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Iichiroh Onishi
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuko Kinowaki
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yunosuke Sato
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sayuri Shiono
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ishibashi
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masumi Ikeda
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masahide Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kitagawa
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamamoto
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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15
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Pothion H, Jehan C, Tostivint H, Cartier D, Bucharles C, Falluel-Morel A, Boukhzar L, Anouar Y, Lihrmann I. Selenoprotein T: An Essential Oxidoreductase Serving as a Guardian of Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1257-1275. [PMID: 32524825 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Selenoproteins incorporate the essential nutrient selenium into their polypeptide chain. Seven members of this family reside in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the exact function of most of which is poorly understood. Especially, how ER-resident selenoproteins control the ER redox and ionic environment is largely unknown. Since alteration of ER function is observed in many diseases, the elucidation of the role of selenoproteins could enhance our understanding of the mechanisms involved in ER homeostasis. Recent Advances: Among selenoproteins, selenoprotein T (SELENOT) is remarkable as the most evolutionarily conserved and the only ER-resident selenoprotein whose gene knockout in mouse is lethal. Recent data indicate that SELENOT contributes to ER homeostasis: reduced expression of SELENOT in transgenic cell and animal models promotes accumulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, depletion of calcium stores, activation of the unfolded protein response and impaired hormone secretion. Critical Issues: SELENOT is anchored to the ER membrane and associated with the oligosaccharyltransferase complex, suggesting that it regulates the early steps of N-glycosylation. Furthermore, it exerts a selenosulfide oxidoreductase activity carried by its thioredoxin-like domain. However, the physiological role of the redox activity of SELENOT is not fully understood. Likewise, the nature of its redox partners needs to be further characterized. Future Directions: Given the impact of ER stress in pathologies such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic and immune diseases, understanding the role of SELENOT and developing derived therapeutic tools such as selenopeptides to improve ER proteostasis and prevent ER stress could contribute to a better management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Pothion
- Rouen-Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Cédric Jehan
- Rouen-Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Tostivint
- Physiologie moléculaire et Adaptation, UMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Dorthe Cartier
- Rouen-Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Christine Bucharles
- Rouen-Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Anthony Falluel-Morel
- Rouen-Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Loubna Boukhzar
- Rouen-Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- Rouen-Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Isabelle Lihrmann
- Rouen-Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
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16
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Schoenmakers E, Chatterjee K. Human Disorders Affecting the Selenocysteine Incorporation Pathway Cause Systemic Selenoprotein Deficiency. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:481-497. [PMID: 32295391 PMCID: PMC7409586 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Generalized selenoprotein deficiency has been associated with mutations in SECISBP2, SEPSECS, and TRU-TCA1-1, 3 factors that are crucial for incorporation of the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) into at least 25 human selenoproteins. SECISBP2 and TRU-TCA1-1 defects are characterized by a multisystem phenotype due to deficiencies of antioxidant and tissue-specific selenoproteins, together with abnormal thyroid hormone levels reflecting impaired hormone metabolism by deiodinase selenoenzymes. SEPSECS mutations are associated with a predominantly neurological phenotype with progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy. Recent Advances: The recent identification of individuals with defects in genes encoding components of the selenocysteine insertion pathway has delineated complex and multisystem disorders, reflecting a lack of selenoproteins in specific tissues, oxidative damage due to lack of oxidoreductase-active selenoproteins and other pathways whose nature is unclear. Critical Issues: Abnormal thyroid hormone metabolism in patients can be corrected by triiodothyronine (T3) treatment. No specific therapies for other phenotypes (muscular dystrophy, male infertility, hearing loss, neurodegeneration) exist as yet, but their severity often requires supportive medical intervention. Future Directions: These disorders provide unique insights into the role of selenoproteins in humans. The long-term consequences of reduced cellular antioxidant capacity remain unknown, and future surveillance of patients may reveal time-dependent phenotypes (e.g., neoplasia, aging) or consequences of deficiency of selenoproteins whose function remains to be elucidated. The role of antioxidant therapies requires evaluation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 33, 481-497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Schoenmakers
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Krishna Chatterjee
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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17
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Chang C, Worley BL, Phaëton R, Hempel N. Extracellular Glutathione Peroxidase GPx3 and Its Role in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082197. [PMID: 32781581 PMCID: PMC7464599 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells possess a multifaceted antioxidant enzyme system, which includes superoxide dismutases, catalase, the peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin and the glutathione peroxidase systems. The dichotomous role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes in tumorigenesis and cancer progression complicates the use of small molecule antioxidants, pro-oxidants, and targeting of antioxidant enzymes as therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. It also highlights the need for additional studies to investigate the role and regulation of these antioxidant enzymes in cancer. The focus of this review is on glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3), a selenoprotein, and the only extracellular GPx of a family of oxidoreductases that catalyze the detoxification of hydro- and soluble lipid hydroperoxides by reduced glutathione. In addition to summarizing the biochemical function, regulation, and disease associations of GPx3, we specifically discuss the role and regulation of systemic and tumor cell expressed GPx3 in cancer. From this it is evident that GPx3 has a dichotomous role in different tumor types, acting as both a tumor suppressor and pro-survival protein. Further studies are needed to examine how loss or gain of GPx3 specifically affects oxidant scavenging and redox signaling in the extracellular tumor microenvironment, and how GPx3 might be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Chang
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Beth L. Worley
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Rébécca Phaëton
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology & Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-717-531-4037
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18
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Lopes Junior E, Leite HP, Konstantyner T. Selenium and selenoproteins: from endothelial cytoprotection to clinical outcomes. Transl Res 2019; 208:85-104. [PMID: 30738860 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of the vascular endothelium in inflammation was demonstrated experimentally through biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and cytoprotection. Selenium is a trace element essential for cell protection against oxidative lesions triggered by reactive oxygen species or inflammatory responses. Preclinical studies have demonstrated a relationship between adhesion molecules as biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and selenoproteins as biomarkers of selenium status under conditions that mimic different diseases. Most studies in humans indicate an association between selenium deficiency and increased risk of morbidity and mortality, yet the pathophysiology of selenium in endothelial activation remains unknown. Here, we summarize selenium-dependent endothelial function evaluation techniques and focus on the role of selenium in endothelial cytoprotection according to current scientific knowledge. Most studies on the role of selenium in endothelial processes show selenium-dependent endothelial functions and explain how cells and tissues adapt to inflammatory insults. Taken together, these studies show an increase in adhesion molecules and a decrease in the expression of selenoproteins following a decreased exposure to selenium. Few clinical trials have enough methodological quality to be included in meta-analysis on the benefits of selenium supplementation. Furthermore, the methodology adopted in many studies does not consider the relevant findings on the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction. Preclinical studies should be more frequently integrated into clinical studies to provide clearer views on the role of selenium status in endothelial cytoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Lopes Junior
- Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heitor Pons Leite
- Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tulio Konstantyner
- Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Identification of FAM96B as a novel selenoprotein W binding partner in the brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:137-143. [PMID: 30876693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selenoprotien W (SelW) plays a key role in brain development, although the exact biological function and mechanisms remain unclear. We performed a yeast two-hybrid screen on a human fetal brain cDNA library and identified FAM96B as a novel binding partner of SelW. FRET analyses confirmed the interaction between SelW' and FAM96B. The mutated SelW' construct was cloned and overexpressed in E. coli, and a pull-down assay verified a direct interaction between SelW' and FAM96B. Finally, Co-Immunoprecipitation on murine brain tissue proteins demonstrated an endogenous interaction between the two proteins in the brain. Taken together, our findings prove a direct interaction between SelW and FAM96B, which may provide new insights into the role of SelW in brain development and neurodegenerative diseases.
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20
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Translation regulation of mammalian selenoproteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2480-2492. [PMID: 29751099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interest in selenium research has considerably grown over the last decades owing to the association of selenium deficiencies with an increased risk of several human diseases, including cancers, cardiovascular disorders and infectious diseases. The discovery of a genetically encoded 21st amino acid, selenocysteine, is a fascinating breakthrough in molecular biology as it is the first addition to the genetic code deciphered in the 1960s. Selenocysteine is a structural and functional analog of cysteine, where selenium replaces sulfur, and its presence is critical for the catalytic activity of selenoproteins. SCOPE OF REVIEW The insertion of selenocysteine is a non-canonical translational event, based on the recoding of a UGA codon in selenoprotein mRNAs, normally used as a stop codon in other cellular mRNAs. Two RNA molecules and associated partners are crucial components of the selenocysteine insertion machinery, the Sec-tRNA[Ser]Sec devoted to UGA codon recognition and the SECIS elements located in the 3'UTR of selenoprotein mRNAs. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The translational UGA recoding event is a limiting stage of selenoprotein expression and its efficiency is regulated by several factors. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The control of selenoproteome expression is crucial for redox homeostasis and antioxidant defense of mammalian organisms. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the co-translational insertion of selenocysteine into selenoproteins, and its layers of regulation.
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21
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Shetty S, Copeland PR. Molecular mechanism of selenoprotein P synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2506-2510. [PMID: 29656121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenoprotein synthesis requires the reinterpretation of a UGA stop codon as one that encodes selenocysteine (Sec), a process that requires a set of dedicated translation factors. Among the mammalian selenoproteins, Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is unique as it contains a selenocysteine-rich domain that requires multiple Sec incorporation events. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review we elaborate on new data and current models that provide insight into how SELENOP is made. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS SELENOP synthesis requires a specific set of factors and conditions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE As the key protein required for proper selenium distribution, SELENOP stands out as a lynchpin selenoprotein that is essential for male fertility, proper neurologic function and selenium metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumangala Shetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Paul R Copeland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States.
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22
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On elongation factor eEFSec, its role and mechanism during selenium incorporation into nascent selenoproteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2463-2472. [PMID: 29555379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium, an essential dietary micronutrient, is incorporated into proteins as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) in response to in-frame UGA codons. Complex machinery ensures accurate recoding of Sec codons in higher organisms. A specialized elongation factor eEFSec is central to the process. SCOPE OF REVIEW Selenoprotein synthesis relies on selenocysteinyl-tRNASec (Sec-tRNASec), selenocysteine inserting sequence (SECIS) and other selenoprotein mRNA elements, an in-trans SECIS binding protein 2 (SBP2) protein factor, and eEFSec. The exact mechanisms of discrete steps of the Sec UGA recoding are not well understood. However, recent studies on mammalian model systems have revealed the first insights into these mechanisms. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about the structure and role of mammalian eEFSec. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS eEFSec folds into a chalice-like structure resembling that of the archaeal and bacterial orthologues SelB and the initiation protein factor IF2/eIF5B. The three N-terminal domains harbor major functional sites and adopt an EF-Tu-like fold. The C-terminal domain 4 binds to Sec-tRNASec and SBP2, senses distinct binding domains, and modulates the GTPase activity. Remarkably, GTP hydrolysis does not induce a canonical conformational change in eEFSec, but instead promotes a slight ratchet of domains 1 and 2 and a lever-like movement of domain 4, which may be critical for the release of Sec-tRNASec on the ribosome. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Based on current findings, a non-canonical mechanism for elongation of selenoprotein synthesis at the Sec UGA codon is proposed. Although incomplete, our understanding of this fundamental biological process is significantly improved, and it is being harnessed for biomedical and synthetic biology initiatives. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Selenium research" in celebration of 200 years of selenium discovery, edited by Dr. Elias Arnér and Dr. Regina Brigelius-Flohe.
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23
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Wu S, Mariotti M, Santesmasses D, Hill KE, Baclaocos J, Aparicio-Prat E, Li S, Mackrill J, Wu Y, Howard MT, Capecchi M, Guigó R, Burk RF, Atkins JF. Human selenoprotein P and S variant mRNAs with different numbers of SECIS elements and inferences from mutant mice of the roles of multiple SECIS elements. Open Biol 2017; 6:rsob.160241. [PMID: 27881738 PMCID: PMC5133445 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic redefinition of the 10 UGAs in human and mouse selenoprotein P (Sepp1) mRNAs to specify selenocysteine instead of termination involves two 3' UTR structural elements (SECIS) and is regulated by selenium availability. In addition to the previously known human Sepp1 mRNA poly(A) addition site just 3' of SECIS 2, two further sites were identified with one resulting in 10-25% of the mRNA lacking SECIS 2. To address function, mutant mice were generated with either SECIS 1 or SECIS 2 deleted or with the first UGA substituted with a serine codon. They were fed on either high or selenium-deficient diets. The mutants had very different effects on the proportions of shorter and longer product Sepp1 protein isoforms isolated from plasma, and on viability. Spatially and functionally distinctive effects of the two SECIS elements on UGA decoding were inferred. We also bioinformatically identify two selenoprotein S mRNAs with different 5' sequences predicted to yield products with different N-termini. These results provide insights into SECIS function and mRNA processing in selenoprotein isoform diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Marco Mariotti
- Center for Genomic Regulation, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Didac Santesmasses
- Center for Genomic Regulation, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kristina E Hill
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Janinah Baclaocos
- Department of Biochemistry, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Estel Aparicio-Prat
- Center for Genomic Regulation, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shuping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - John Mackrill
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 8412-5330, USA
| | - Michael T Howard
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 8412-5330, USA
| | - Mario Capecchi
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 8412-5330, USA
| | - Roderic Guigó
- Center for Genomic Regulation, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raymond F Burk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John F Atkins
- Department of Biochemistry, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland .,Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 8412-5330, USA
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24
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Fradejas-Villar N, Seeher S, Anderson CB, Doengi M, Carlson BA, Hatfield DL, Schweizer U, Howard MT. The RNA-binding protein Secisbp2 differentially modulates UGA codon reassignment and RNA decay. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:4094-4107. [PMID: 27956496 PMCID: PMC5397149 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-assignment of codons as termination and elongation codons is used to expand the genetic code. In mammals, UGA can be reassigned to selenocysteine during translation of selenoproteins by a mechanism involving a 3΄ untranslated region (UTR) selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) and the SECIS-binding protein Secisbp2. Here, we present data from ribosome profiling, RNA-Seq and mRNA half-life measurements that support distinct roles for Secisbp2 in UGA-redefinition and mRNA stability. Conditional deletions of the Secisbp2 and Trsp (tRNASec) genes in mouse liver were compared to determine if the effects of Secisbp2 loss on selenoprotein synthesis could be attributed entirely to the inability to incorporate Sec. As expected, tRNASec depletion resulted in loss of ribosome density downstream of all UGA-Sec codons. In contrast, the absence of Secisbp2 resulted in variable effects on ribosome density downstream of UGA-Sec codons that demonstrate gene-specific differences in Sec incorporation. For several selenoproteins in which loss of Secisbp2 resulted in greatly diminished mRNA levels, translational activity and Sec incorporation efficiency were shown to be unaffected on the remaining RNA. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Secisbp2 is not strictly required for Sec incorporation and has a distinct role in stabilizing mRNAs that can be separated from its effects on UGA-redefinition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Fradejas-Villar
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Seeher
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Michael Doengi
- Institut für Physiologie II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael T Howard
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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25
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Nickless A, Bailis JM, You Z. Control of gene expression through the nonsense-mediated RNA decay pathway. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:26. [PMID: 28533900 PMCID: PMC5437625 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-017-0153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) was originally discovered as a cellular surveillance pathway that safeguards the quality of mRNA transcripts in eukaryotic cells. In its canonical function, NMD prevents translation of mutant mRNAs harboring premature termination codons (PTCs) by targeting them for degradation. However, recent studies have shown that NMD has a much broader role in gene expression by regulating the stability of many normal transcripts. In this review, we discuss the function of NMD in normal physiological processes, its dynamic regulation by developmental and environmental cues, and its association with human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Nickless
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8228, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Julie M Bailis
- Department of Oncology Research, Amgen, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Zhongsheng You
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8228, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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26
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Crystal structures of the human elongation factor eEFSec suggest a non-canonical mechanism for selenocysteine incorporation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12941. [PMID: 27708257 PMCID: PMC5059743 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenocysteine is the only proteinogenic amino acid encoded by a recoded in-frame UGA codon that does not operate as the canonical opal stop codon. A specialized translation elongation factor, eEFSec in eukaryotes and SelB in prokaryotes, promotes selenocysteine incorporation into selenoproteins by a still poorly understood mechanism. Our structural and biochemical results reveal that four domains of human eEFSec fold into a chalice-like structure that has similar binding affinities for GDP, GTP and other guanine nucleotides. Surprisingly, unlike in eEF1A and EF-Tu, the guanine nucleotide exchange does not cause a major conformational change in domain 1 of eEFSec, but instead induces a swing of domain 4. We propose that eEFSec employs a non-canonical mechanism involving the distinct C-terminal domain 4 for the release of the selenocysteinyl-tRNA during decoding on the ribosome.
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27
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Schoenmakers E, Carlson B, Agostini M, Moran C, Rajanayagam O, Bochukova E, Tobe R, Peat R, Gevers E, Muntoni F, Guicheney P, Schoenmakers N, Farooqi S, Lyons G, Hatfield D, Chatterjee K. Mutation in human selenocysteine transfer RNA selectively disrupts selenoprotein synthesis. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:992-6. [PMID: 26854926 DOI: 10.1172/jci84747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is a trace element that is essential for human health and is incorporated into more than 25 human selenocysteine-containing (Sec-containing) proteins via unique Sec-insertion machinery that includes a specific, nuclear genome-encoded, transfer RNA (tRNA[Ser]Sec). Here, we have identified a human tRNA[Ser]Sec mutation in a proband who presented with a variety of symptoms, including abdominal pain, fatigue, muscle weakness, and low plasma levels of selenium. This mutation resulted in a marked reduction in expression of stress-related, but not housekeeping, selenoproteins. Evaluation of primary cells from the homozygous proband and a heterozygous parent indicated that the observed deficit in stress-related selenoprotein production is likely mediated by reduced expression and diminished 2'-O-methylribosylation at uridine 34 in mutant tRNA[Ser]Sec. Moreover, this methylribosylation defect was restored by cellular complementation with normal tRNA[Ser]Sec. This study identifies a tRNA mutation that selectively impairs synthesis of stress-related selenoproteins and demonstrates the importance of tRNA modification for normal selenoprotein synthesis.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Selenium is an essential trace element that is incorporated in the small but vital family of proteins, namely the selenoproteins, as the selenocysteine amino acid residue. In humans, 25 selenoprotein genes have been characterized. The most remarkable trait of selenoprotein biosynthesis is the cotranslational insertion of selenocysteine by the recoding of a UGA codon, normally decoded as a stop signal. RECENT ADVANCES In eukaryotes, a set of dedicated cis- and trans-acting factors have been identified as well as a variety of regulatory mechanisms, factors, or elements that control the selenoprotein expression at the level of the UGA-selenocysteine recoding process, offering a fascinating playground in the field of translational control. It appeared that the central players are two RNA molecules: the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element within selenoprotein mRNA and the selenocysteine-tRNA([Ser]Sec); and their interacting partners. CRITICAL ISSUES After a couple of decades, despite many advances in the field and the discovery of many essential and regulatory components, the precise mechanism of UGA-selenocysteine recoding remains elusive and more complex than anticipated, with many layers of control. This review offers an update of selenoproteome biosynthesis and regulation in eukaryotes. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The regulation of selenoproteins in response to a variety of pathophysiological conditions and cellular stressors, including selenium levels, oxidative stress, replicative senescence, or cancer, awaits further detailed investigation. Clearly, the efficiency of UGA-selenocysteine recoding is the limiting stage of selenoprotein synthesis. The sequence of events leading Sec-tRNA([Ser]Sec) delivery to ribosomal A site awaits further analysis, notably at the level of a three-dimensional structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Bulteau
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, IPREM , CNRS/UPPA, UMR5254, Pau, France
| | - Laurent Chavatte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, IPREM , CNRS/UPPA, UMR5254, Pau, France
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29
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Lykke-Andersen S, Jensen TH. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay: an intricate machinery that shapes transcriptomes. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2015; 16:665-77. [PMID: 26397022 DOI: 10.1038/nrm4063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 522] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is probably the best characterized eukaryotic RNA degradation pathway. Through intricate steps, a set of NMD factors recognize and degrade mRNAs with translation termination codons that are positioned in abnormal contexts. However, NMD is not only part of a general cellular quality control system that prevents the production of aberrant proteins. Mammalian cells also depend on NMD to dynamically adjust their transcriptomes and their proteomes to varying physiological conditions. In this Review, we discuss how NMD targets mRNAs, the types of mRNAs that are targeted, and the roles of NMD in cellular stress, differentiation and maturation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Lykke-Andersen
- Centre for mRNP Biogenesis and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torben Heick Jensen
- Centre for mRNP Biogenesis and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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