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Wang Q, Shao X, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Wang FXC, Mu J, Li J, Yao H, Chen K. Role of tumor microenvironment in cancer progression and therapeutic strategy. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 36807772 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is now considered a tumor microenvironment (TME) disease, although it was originally thought to be a cell and gene expression disorder. Over the past 20 years, significant advances have been made in understanding the complexity of the TME and its impact on responses to various anticancer therapies, including immunotherapies. Cancer immunotherapy can recognize and kill cancer cells by regulating the body's immune system. It has achieved good therapeutic effects in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Recently, blocking of programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1), and programmed death Ligand-2 (PD-L2), the construction of antigen chimeric T cells (CAR-T) and tumor vaccines have become popular immunotherapies Tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis are closely related to TME. Therefore, we review the characteristics of various cells and molecules in the TME, the interaction between PD-1 and TME, and promising cancer immunotherapy therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjing Wang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueting Shao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaojin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Frederick X C Wang
- The EnMed Program at Houston Methodist Hospital, Texas A&M University College of Medicine and College of Engineering, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jianjian Mu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keda Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
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Brock EJ, Ji K, Shah S, Mattingly RR, Sloane BF. In Vitro Models for Studying Invasive Transitions of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2019; 24:1-15. [PMID: 30056557 PMCID: PMC6641861 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-018-9405-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
About one fourth of all newly identified cases of breast carcinoma are diagnoses of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Since we cannot yet distinguish DCIS cases that would remain indolent from those that may progress to life-threatening invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), almost all women undergo aggressive treatment. In order to allow for more rational individualized treatment, we and others are developing in vitro models to identify and validate druggable pathways that mediate the transition of DCIS to IDC. These models range from conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures on plastic to 3D cultures in natural or synthetic matrices. Some models consist solely of DCIS cells, either cell lines or primary cells. Others are co-cultures that include additional cell types present in the normal or cancerous human breast. The 3D co-culture models more accurately mimic structural and functional changes in breast architecture that accompany the transition of DCIS to IDC. Mechanistic studies of the dynamic and temporal changes associated with this transition are facilitated by adapting the in vitro models to engineered microfluidic platforms. Ultimately, the goal is to create in vitro models that can serve as a reproducible preclinical screen for testing therapeutic strategies that will reduce progression of DCIS to IDC. This review will discuss the in vitro models that are currently available, as well as the progress that has been made using them to understand DCIS pathobiology.
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MESH Headings
- Breast/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Coculture Techniques/methods
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor/methods
- Female
- Humans
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/prevention & control
- Primary Cell Culture/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan J Brock
- Program in Cancer Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Kyungmin Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Seema Shah
- Program in Cancer Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Raymond R Mattingly
- Program in Cancer Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Bonnie F Sloane
- Program in Cancer Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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Interaction of prostate carcinoma-associated fibroblasts with human epithelial cell lines in vivo. Differentiation 2017; 96:40-48. [PMID: 28779656 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stromal-epithelial interactions play a crucial and poorly understood role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions have a long history of research in relation to the development of organs. Models designed to study development are often also applicable to studies of benign and malignant disease. Tumor stroma is a complex mixture of cells that includes a fibroblastic component often referred to as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), desmoplasia or "reactive" stroma. Here we discuss the history of, and approaches to, understanding these interactions with particular reference to prostate cancer and to in vivo modeling using human cells and tissues. A series of studies have revealed a complex mixture of signaling molecules acting both within the stromal tissue and between the stromal and epithelial tissues. We are starting to understand the interactions of some of these pathways, however the work is still ongoing. This area of research provide a basis for new medical approaches aimed at stabilizing early stage cancers rendering them chronic rather than acute problems. Such work is especially relevant to slow growing tumors found in older patients, a class that would include many prostate cancers.
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The second annual conference of International ovarian cancer consortium and the symposium on tumor microenvironment and therapeutic resistance. Genes Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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