New amino acid-Schiff base derived from s-allyl cysteine and methionine alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver dysfunction

Hepatoprotective Polysaccharides from Geranium wilfordii: Purification, Structural Characterization, and Their Mechanism

Traditional Chinese Medicine is generally used as a decoction to guard health. Many active ingredients in the decoction are chemical ingredients that are not usually paid attention to in phytochemical research, such as polysaccharides, etc. Based on research interest in Chinese herbal decoction, crude polysaccharides from G. wilfordii (GCP) were purified to obtain two relatively homogeneous polysaccharides, a neutral polysaccharide (GNP), and an acid polysaccharide (GAP) by various chromatographic separation methods, which were initially characterized by GC-MS, NMR, IR, and methylation analysis. Studies on the hepatoprotective activity of GCP in vivo showed that GCP might be a potential agent for the prevention and treatment of acute liver injury by inhibiting the secretion levels of ALT, AST, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA expression levels, increasing SOD, and the GSH-Px activity value. Further, in vitro assays, GNP and GAP, decrease the inflammatory response by inhibiting the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α, involved in the STAT1/T-bet signaling pathway.

Silibinin Schiff Base Derivatives Counteract CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury by Enhancing Anti-Inflammatory and Antiapoptotic Bioactivities

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S-allyl-glutathione, a synthetic analogue of glutathione protected liver against carbon tetrachloride toxicity: Focus towards anti-oxidative efficiency

A simple analogue of well known natural antioxidant glutathione (GSH) called S-allyl-glutathione (SAG) was evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced oxidative stress liver injury in rat. Pretreatment of SAG attenuated the CCl₄-toxicity induced elevation of liver injury markers such as enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and LDH) and bilirubin in the blood circulation. Such protective effect of SAG resulted in preservation of liver function observed as normal level of total protein and albumin in plasma as well as inhibition of dyslipidemia in liver. In addition, in silico analysis has proved that SAG has strong affinity with the amino acids present in active site of the human cytochrome P450 2E1 and 3A4. Three important mechanisms provided by SAG such as scavenging of reactive oxidants, replenishing of endogenous antioxidants (SOD, catalase, GPx, GSH and vitamin C) and protection of mitochondrial function (oxidative phosphorylation complex activities) are involved in the optimal function of liver against CCl₄-toxicity.