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Edel M, Sturm G, Sturm-Richter K, Wagner M, Ducassou JN, Couté Y, Horn H, Gescher J. Extracellular riboflavin induces anaerobic biofilm formation in Shewanella oneidensis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:130. [PMID: 34082787 PMCID: PMC8176591 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some microorganisms can respire with extracellular electron acceptors using an extended electron transport chain to the cell surface. This process can be applied in bioelectrochemical systems in which the organisms produce an electrical current by respiring with an anode as electron acceptor. These organisms apply flavin molecules as cofactors to facilitate one-electron transfer catalyzed by the terminal reductases and in some cases as endogenous electron shuttles. RESULTS In the model organism Shewanella oneidensis, riboflavin production and excretion trigger a specific biofilm formation response that is initiated at a specific threshold concentration, similar to canonical quorum-sensing molecules. Riboflavin-mediated messaging is based on the overexpression of the gene encoding the putrescine decarboxylase speC which leads to posttranscriptional overproduction of proteins involved in biofilm formation. Using a model of growth-dependent riboflavin production under batch and biofilm growth conditions, the number of cells necessary to produce the threshold concentration per time was deduced. Furthermore, our results indicate that specific retention of riboflavin in the biofilm matrix leads to localized concentrations, which by far exceed the necessary threshold value. CONCLUSION This study describes a new quorum-sensing mechanism in S. oneidensis. Biofilm formation of S. oneidensis is induced by low concentrations of riboflavin resulting in an upregulation of the ornithine-decarboxylase speC. The results can be applied for the development of strains catalyzing increased current densities in bioelectrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Edel
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gunnar Sturm
- Institute for Biological Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Katrin Sturm-Richter
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Institute for Biological Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | | | - Yohann Couté
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, BGE, Grenoble, France
| | - Harald Horn
- Engler-Bunte-Institute, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- DVGW Research Laboratories for Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Johannes Gescher
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute for Biological Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Liu W, Jia H, Jiang X, Wu Y, Wang J. The new insight about electrode interface behaviour via in situ ultrasound three-dimensional representation monitoring based on a bio-electrochemical system. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 136:107599. [PMID: 32711364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Behaviour of the electrode interface is a determining factor that affects the performance of a bio-electrochemical system (BES). Examples include the formation of an electroactive biofilm, electrode degradation and renewal. However, underlying mechanisms are unclear, and traditional approaches make it difficult to achieve in situ monitoring. In this study, a novel technology using ultrasound three-dimensional representation (UTDR) was used to track in situ electrode interface behaviour based on the correspondence between acoustic and electrical signals. A series of wavelet analyses showed that the formation of an electroactive biofilm is a lengthy process with multiple physiological steps, and biofilm thickness increased by approximately 600 μm after 40 days of operation. At the same time, directional migration of Ca2+, Mg2+ confirmed acceleration of the salting out on the cathode, which forms a compacted structure with the biological layer. Furthermore, UTDR combined with electrochemical methods allowed for comprehensive evaluation of AC impact, and indicated that AC (1 Hz, 20 V) could effectively desquamate the contaminating solids and restore power density to 93.4% of initial. These results show that UTDR is a sensitive and effective method for revealing microscopic changes on the electrode surface, which gives it potential wide applicability to interfacial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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Arinda T, Philipp LA, Rehnlund D, Edel M, Chodorski J, Stöckl M, Holtmann D, Ulber R, Gescher J, Sturm-Richter K. Addition of Riboflavin-Coupled Magnetic Beads Increases Current Production in Bioelectrochemical Systems via the Increased Formation of Anode-Biofilms. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:126. [PMID: 30804910 PMCID: PMC6370747 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis is one of the best-understood model organisms for extracellular electron transfer. Endogenously produced and exported flavin molecules seem to play an important role in this process and mediate the connection between respiratory enzymes on the cell surface and the insoluble substrate by acting as electron shuttle and cytochrome-bound cofactor. Consequently, the addition of riboflavin to a bioelectrochemical system (BES) containing S. oneidensis cells as biocatalyst leads to a strong current increase. Still, an external application of riboflavin to increase current production in continuously operating BESs does not seem to be applicable due to the constant washout of the soluble flavin compound. In this study, we developed a recyclable electron shuttle to overcome the limitation of mediator addition to BES. Riboflavin was coupled to magnetic beads that can easily be recycled from the medium. The effect on current production and cell distribution in a BES as well as the recovery rate and the stability of the beads was investigated. The addition of synthesized beads leads to a more than twofold higher current production, which was likely caused by increased biofilm production. Moreover, 90% of the flavin-coupled beads could be recovered from the BESs using a magnetic separator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tutut Arinda
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laura-Alina Philipp
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - David Rehnlund
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Miriam Edel
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jonas Chodorski
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Markus Stöckl
- Electrochemistry, DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Johannes Gescher
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute for Biological Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katrin Sturm-Richter
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, Department of Applied Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Hegarty C, Kirkwood S, Cardosi MF, Lawrence CL, Taylor CM, Smith RB, Davis J. Disposable solid state pH sensor based on flavin polymer-ferrocyanide redox couples. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Casimero C, McConville A, Fearon JJ, Lawrence CL, Taylor CM, Smith RB, Davis J. Sensor systems for bacterial reactors: A new flavin-phenol composite film for the in situ voltammetric measurement of pH. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1027:1-8. [PMID: 29866258 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring pH within microbial reactors has become an important requirement across a host of applications ranging from the production of functional foods (probiotics) to biofuel cell systems. An inexpensive and scalable composite sensor capable of monitoring the pH within the demanding environments posed by microbial reactors has been developed. A custom designed flavin derivative bearing an electropolymerisable phenol monomer was used to create a redox film sensitive to pH but free from the interferences that can impede conventional pH systems. The film was integrated within a composite carbon-fibre-polymer laminate and was shown to exhibit Nernstian behaviour (55 mV/pH) with minimal drift and robust enough to operate within batch reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charnete Casimero
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Aaron McConville
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, UK
| | - John-Joe Fearon
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Clare L Lawrence
- Centre for Materials Science, Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Charlotte M Taylor
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Robert B Smith
- Centre for Materials Science, Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - James Davis
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, UK.
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