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Jiang J, Luo L, Ying N, Wu S, Ji J, Su H, Li X, Zeng D. Electrochemical biosensor based on PAMAM functionalized MXene nanoplatform for detection of folate receptor. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 156:108627. [PMID: 38142545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The level of folate receptor (FR) has become one of the independent factors for measuring human tumor diseases. The precise quantification of FR is helpful for the early diagnosis and subsequent treatment of tumors. The modification of electrodes is a key issue in ensuring and enhancing the electrochemical biosensing ability. In this study, we in-situ synthesized a nanocomposite material with excellent conductivity and stability by grafting first-generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimers onto the MXene (Ti3C2TX) as the immobilized matrix (PAMAM@MXene). An electrochemical sensor was developed for FR monitor by loading the PAMAM@MXene on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) supported the effective synthesis of PAMAM@MXene. Under optimal conditions, the prepared sensor achieved the quantification of FR with a wide range of concentrations from 10 ng/mL to 1000 ng/mL with a detection limit (LOD) of 5.6 ng/mL. It also exhibited satisfactory selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, which provided the possibility for expanding new pathways in the detection of clinical FR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Jiang
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Linghuan Luo
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Na Ying
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Shu Wu
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jun Ji
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Haoyuan Su
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xiaoou Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Dongdong Zeng
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
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Elnagar N, Elgiddawy N, El Rouby WMA, Farghali AA, Korri-Youssoufi H. Impedimetric Detection of Cancer Markers Based on Nanofiber Copolymers. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:77. [PMID: 38391996 PMCID: PMC10887276 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The sensitive determination of folate receptors (FRs) in the early stages of cancer is of great significance for controlling the progression of cancerous cells. Many folic acid (FA)-based electrochemical biosensors have been utilized to detect FRs with promising performances, but most were complicated, non-reproducible, non-biocompatible, and time and cost consuming. Here, we developed an environmentally friendly and sensitive biosensor for FR detection. We proposed an electrochemical impedimetric biosensor formed by nanofibers (NFs) of bio-copolymers prepared by electrospinning. The biosensor combines the advantages of bio-friendly polymers, such as sodium alginate (SA) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) as an antifouling polymer, with FA as a biorecognition element. The NF nanocomposites were characterized using various techniques, including SEM, FTIR, zeta potential (ZP), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). We evaluated the performance of the NF biosensor using EIS and demonstrated FR detection in plasma with a limit of detection of 3 pM. Furthermore, the biosensor showed high selectivity, reliability, and good stability when stored for two months. This biosensor was constructed from 'green credentials' holding polymers that are highly needed in the new paradigm shift in the medical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Elnagar
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62 511, Egypt; (N.E.); (W.M.A.E.R.); (A.A.F.)
- Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), ECBB, 17 Avenue des Sciences, Site Henri Moisson, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Nada Elgiddawy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62 511, Egypt;
| | - Waleed M. A. El Rouby
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62 511, Egypt; (N.E.); (W.M.A.E.R.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Ahmed A. Farghali
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62 511, Egypt; (N.E.); (W.M.A.E.R.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Hafsa Korri-Youssoufi
- Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), ECBB, 17 Avenue des Sciences, Site Henri Moisson, 91400 Orsay, France
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Song H, Xing L, Wei J, Wang X, Yang Y, Zhe P, Luan M, Xu J. Preparation of Gelatin-Quaternary Ammonium Salt Coating on Titanium Surface for Antibacterial/Osteogenic Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:4570. [PMID: 37375125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in medical treatment, engineering, and other fields because of their excellent properties including biological activity, an elastic modulus similar to that of human bones, and corrosion resistance. However, there are still many defects in the surface properties of Ti in practical applications. For example, the biocompatibility of Ti with bone tissue can be greatly reduced in implants due to a lack of osseointegration as well as antibacterial properties, which may lead to osseointegration failure. To address these problems and to take advantage of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte properties of gelatin, a thin layer of gelatin was prepared by electrostatic self-assembly technology. Diepoxide quaternary ammonium salt (DEQAS) and maleopimaric acid quaternary ammonium salt (MPA-N+) were then synthesized and grafted onto the thin layer. The cell adhesion and migration experiments demonstrated that the coating has excellent biocompatibility, and those grafted with MPA-N+ promoted cell migration. The bacteriostatic experiment showed that the mixed grafting with two ammonium salts had excellent bacteriostatic performance against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with bacteriostasis rates of 98.1 ± 1.0% and 99.2 ± 0.5%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jinjian Wei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yaozhen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Pengbo Zhe
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Mingming Luan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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Esmaeili Y, Mohammadi Z, Khavani M, Sanati A, Shariati L, Seyedhosseini Ghaheh H, Bidram E, Zarrabi A. Fluorescence anisotropy cytosensing of folate receptor positive tumor cells using 3D polyurethane-GO-foams modified with folic acid: molecular dynamics and in vitro studies. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:44. [PMID: 36602637 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Integrated polyurethane (PU)-based foams modified with PEGylated graphene oxide and folic acid (PU@GO-PEG-FA) were developed with the goal of capturing and detecting tumor cells with precision. The detection of the modified PU@GO-PEG surface through FA against folate receptor-overexpressed tumor cells is the basis for tumor cell capture. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were applied to study the strength of FA interactions with the folate receptor. Based on the obtained results, the folate receptor has intense interactions with FA, which leads to the reduction in the FA interactions with PEG, and so decreases the fluorescence intensity of the biosensor. The synergistic interactions offer the FA-modified foams a high efficiency for capturing the tumor cell. Using a turn-off fluorescence technique based on the complicated interaction of FA-folate receptor generated by target recognition, the enhanced capture tumor cells could be directly read out at excitation-emission wavelengths of 380-450 nm. The working range is between 1×10 2 to 2×10 4 cells mL -1 with a detection limit of 25 cells mL -1 and good reproducibility with relative standard deviation of 2.35%. Overall, findings demonstrate that the fluorescence-based biosensor has a significant advantage for early tumor cell diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Esmaeili
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khavani
- Molecular Cell Biomechanics Laboratory, Departments of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Alireza Sanati
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Laleh Shariati
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezarjerib Ave, 8174673461, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hooria Seyedhosseini Ghaheh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Bidram
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey.
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Zhang A, Liu Q, Huang Z, Zhang Q, Wang R, Cui D. Electrochemical Cytosensor Based on a Gold Nanostar-Decorated Graphene Oxide Platform for Gastric Cancer Cell Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22072783. [PMID: 35408396 PMCID: PMC9003065 DOI: 10.3390/s22072783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Effectively capturing and sensitively detecting cancer cells are critical to clinical diagnosis and cancer therapy. In this work, we prepared gold nanostar-decorated graphene oxide (GO-AuNSs) nanocomposites using a ultraviolet (UV)-induced strategy, and then modified them with a layer of bio-complex rBSA-FA (coupled reduced bovine serum albumin with folic acid) to generate GO-AuNSs@rBSA-FA nanocomposites. Herein, the application of GO and AuNSs not only strengthened the conductivity of the sensing platform but also guaranteed nanocomposites with biocompatible performance. Moreover, the adopted rBSA-FA layer could effectively enhance the stability and specificity towards gastric cancer cells (MGC-803). According to a systemic construction procedure, a novel electrochemical cytosensor based on GO-AuNSs@rBSA-FA was fabricated for MGC-803 cell detection. With the assistance of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the cytosensor reached a detection limit of 100 cell/mL in a wide linear range of 3 × 102~7 × 106 cell/mL towards MGC-803 cells. The good electrochemical characteristics for the cancer cell analysis indicate a promising prospect of this electrochemical cytosensor in clinical cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Zhang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai 200240, China; (A.Z.); (Q.L.); orange-.- (Z.H.); (Q.Z.); (R.W.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai 200240, China; (A.Z.); (Q.L.); orange-.- (Z.H.); (Q.Z.); (R.W.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhicheng Huang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai 200240, China; (A.Z.); (Q.L.); orange-.- (Z.H.); (Q.Z.); (R.W.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai 200240, China; (A.Z.); (Q.L.); orange-.- (Z.H.); (Q.Z.); (R.W.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ruhao Wang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai 200240, China; (A.Z.); (Q.L.); orange-.- (Z.H.); (Q.Z.); (R.W.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai 200240, China; (A.Z.); (Q.L.); orange-.- (Z.H.); (Q.Z.); (R.W.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 Jiangchuan Easternroad, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence:
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Liu Y, Chen F, Bao L, Hai W. Construction of a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for sensitive detection of procalcitonin. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22518-22525. [PMID: 36105974 PMCID: PMC9366762 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we established a label free and ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor based on graphitic nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4 NS) for procalcitonin (PCT) detection. Firstly, an easy-to-prepare and well-conducting g-C3N4 NS was synthesized. Next the g-C3N4 NS was immobilized on the electrode surface by π–π stacking, and further used to anchor the specific recognition peptide (PP). The surface morphology and structure after g-C3N4 NS and PP modification was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrochemistry. The sensing property of this sensor was evaluated by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and showed a detection sensitivity with a dynamic range from 0.15 to 11.7 fg mL−1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.11 fg mL−1. Besides, the electrochemical biosensor was successfully used to detect PCT in human serum samples, and the results suggest its potential use in clinical application. A simple and ultra-sensitive electrochemical biosensor based on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4 NS) was developed for the detection of PCT. This sensor presented excellent sensing performance and demonstrates potential for clinical application.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, Nano Innovation Institute (NII), College Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Furong Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, Nano Innovation Institute (NII), College Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Layue Bao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, Nano Innovation Institute (NII), College Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Hai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, Nano Innovation Institute (NII), College Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
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Liu MX, Zhang H, Chen S, Yu YL, Wang JH. MnO 2-graphene oxide hybrid nanomaterial with oxidase-like activity for ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of cancer cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4451-4458. [PMID: 34002276 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Robust and sensitive cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CELISA) is of great significance in the diagnosis and screening of cancer. However, the method is limited by the high rate of negative results attributed to the instability of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), H2O2, and antibody. Here, we construct a folic acid-functionalized in situ-grown MnO2 nanosheet/graphene oxide hybrid (FA-MnO2/GO) with oxidase-like activity instead of the anti-folate receptor antibody in traditional CELISA to resist the possible negative interference arising from unstable HRP, H2O2, and antibodies for more robust colorimetric detection of cancer cells. The functionalization of FA enables the selective binding between hybrid and cancer cells through the over-expressed folate receptor, and then the binding events are converted into quantitative colorimetric signals though the oxidation of the chromogenic substrate TMB catalyzed by MnO2, allowing the detection of cancer cells with colorimetric method. Moreover, the construction of MnO2/GO hybrid can synergistically enhance the oxidase-like activity of MnO2 and promote its dispersion in water, further ensuring the accuracy and sensitivity of the detection. A detection limit of 20 cancer cells is obtained by a plate reader, which is lower than those obtained by most reported CELISA methods for cancer cell detection, and as few as 75 cancer cells can be identified by the naked eye. This study not only provides a multifunctional sensing platform for robust and sensitive cancer cell detection, but also offers a promising oxidase-like mimic in the field of bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xian Liu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - He Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110169, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yong-Liang Yu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China
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Correia AR, Sampaio I, Comparetti EJ, Vieira NCS, Zucolotto V. Detecting cancer cells with a highly sensitive LbL-based biosensor. Talanta 2021; 233:122506. [PMID: 34215121 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of cancer is crucial for therapeutic methods to be more effective and to decrease the mortality rate due to this disease. Current diagnostic methods include imaging techniques that require expensive equipment and specialized personnel, making it difficult to apply them to many patients. To overcome these limitations, many biosensors have been developed to monitor cancer biomarkers. Here, we report on the electrochemical biosensor for selective detection of tumor cells using a simple and low-cost methodology. Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly was used to modify indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes with alternating layers of polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and folic acid (FA), which binds to overexpressed folate receptors alpha (FRα) in tumor cells. The LbL-based biosensor showed high sensitivity in detecting cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells) using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A linear dependence with the logarithm cell concentration was observed and excellent detection limits were found, 4 cells mL-1 and 19 cells mL-1 for EIS and CV measurements, respectively. The developed biosensor also presented great reproducibility (RSD = 1.7%) and repeatability (RSD = 1.8%). The selectivity was confirmed after the biosensor interaction with healthy cells (HMEC cells), which did not produce significant changes in the electrochemical signals. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that selective detection of tumor cells occurs via an interaction with FA. The LbL-based biosensor provides a simple, accurate, and cost-effective platform to be applied in the early diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abilene Rodrigues Correia
- GNano - Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabella Sampaio
- GNano - Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Edson José Comparetti
- GNano - Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Nirton Cristi Silva Vieira
- GNano - Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, 12231-280, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Valtencir Zucolotto
- GNano - Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Arshad R, Barani M, Rahdar A, Sargazi S, Cucchiarini M, Pandey S, Kang M. Multi-Functionalized Nanomaterials and Nanoparticles for Diagnosis and Treatment of Retinoblastoma. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:97. [PMID: 33810621 PMCID: PMC8066896 DOI: 10.3390/bios11040097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is a rare type of cancer, and its treatment, as well as diagnosis, is challenging, owing to mutations in the tumor-suppressor genes and lack of targeted, efficient, cost-effective therapy, exhibiting a significant need for novel approaches to address these concerns. For this purpose, nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of medicine with versatile potential capabilities for both the diagnosis, as well as the treatment, of retinoblastoma via the targeted and controlled delivery of anticancer drugs via binding to the overexpressed retinoblastoma gene. Nanotechnology has also generated massive advancements in the treatment of retinoblastoma based on the use of surface-tailored multi-functionalized nanocarriers; overexpressed receptor-based nanocarriers ligands (folate, galactose, and hyaluronic acid); lipid-based nanocarriers; and metallic nanocarriers. These nanocarriers seem to benchmark in mitigating a plethora of malignant retinoblastoma via targeted delivery at a specified site, resulting in programmed apoptosis in cancer cells. The effectiveness of these nanoplatforms in diagnosing and treating intraocular cancers such as retinoblastoma has not been properly discussed, despite the increasing significance of nanomedicine in cancer management. This article reviewed the recent milestones and future development areas in the field of intraocular drug delivery and diagnostic platforms focused on nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Arshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, ShahidBahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran;
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany;
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Particulate Matter Research Center, Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology (RIST), 187-12, Geumho-ro, Gwangyang-si 57801, Korea
| | - Misook Kang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
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