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Mohan B, Singh G, Chauhan A, Pombeiro AJL, Ren P. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based luminescent and electrochemical sensors for food contaminant detection. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131324. [PMID: 37080033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing population, food toxicity has become a prevalent concern due to the growing contaminants of food products. Therefore, the need for new materials for toxicant detection and food quality monitoring will always be in demand. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on luminescence and electrochemical sensors with tunable porosity and active surface area are promising materials for food contaminants monitoring. This review summarizes and studies the most recent progress on MOF sensors for detecting food contaminants such as pesticides, antibiotics, toxins, biomolecules, and ionic species. First, with the introduction of MOFs, food contaminants and materials for toxicants detection are discussed. Then the insights into the MOFs as emerging materials for sensing applications with luminescent and electrochemical properties, signal changes, and sensing mechanisms are discussed. Next, recent advances in luminescent and electrochemical MOFs food sensors and their sensitivity, selectivity, and capacities for common food toxicants are summarized. Further, the challenges and outlooks are discussed for providing a new pathway for MOF food contaminant detection tools. Overall, a timely source of information on advanced MOF materials provides materials for next-generation food sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brij Mohan
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Gurjaspreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Archana Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Peng Ren
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
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2
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Raza AR, Rubab SL, Ashfaq M, Altaf Y, Tahir MN, Rehman MFU, Aziz T, Alharbi M, Alasmari AF. Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Anticholinesterase Potential of Indole Derivatives and Unexpectedly Synthesized Novel Benzodiazine: Characterization, DFT and Hirshfeld Charge Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:5024. [PMID: 37446687 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological effectiveness of indoles, benzoxazepines and benzodiazepines initiated our synthesis of indole fused benoxazepine/benzodiazepine heterocycles, along with enhanced biological usefulness of the fused rings. Activated indoles 5, 6 and 7 were synthesized using modified Bischler indole synthesis rearrangement. Indole 5 was substituted with the trichloroacetyl group at the C7 position, yielding 8, exclusively due to the increased nucleophilic character of C7. When trichloroacylated indole 8 was treated with basified ethanol or excess amminia, indole acid 9 and amide 10 were yielded, respectively. Indole amide 10 was expected to give indole fused benoxazepine/benzodiazepine 11a/11b on treatment with alpha halo ester followed by a coupling agent, but when the reaction was tried, an unexpectedly rearranged novel product, 1,3-bezodiazine 12, was obtained. The synthetic compounds were screened for anticholinesterase and antibacterial potential; results showed all products to be very important candidates for both activities, and their potential can be explored further. In addition, 1,3-bezodiazine 12 was explored by DFT studies, Hirshfeld surface charge analysis and structural insight to obrain a good picture of the structure and reactivity of the products for the design of derivatised drugs from the novel compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rauf Raza
- Institute of Chemistry, Ibn e Sina Block, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Laila Rubab
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Altaf
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Tariq Aziz
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Keresteš O, Pohanka M. Affordable Portable Platform for Classic Photometry and Low-Cost Determination of Cholinesterase Activity. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:599. [PMID: 37366964 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Excessive use of pesticides could potentially harm the environment for a long time. The reason for this is that the banned pesticide is still likely to be used incorrectly. Carbofuran and other banned pesticides that remain in the environment may also have a negative effect on human beings. In order to provide a better chance for effective environmental screening, this thesis describes a prototype of a photometer tested with cholinesterase to potentially detect pesticides in the environment. The open-source portable photodetection platform uses a color-programmable red, green and blue light-emitting diode (RGB LED) as a light source and a TSL230R light frequency sensor. Acetylcholinesterase from Electrophorus electricus (AChE) with high similarity to human AChE was used for biorecognition. The Ellman method was selected as a standard method. Two analytical approaches were applied: (1) subtraction of the output values after a certain period of time and (2) comparison of the slope values of the linear trend. The optimal preincubation time for carbofuran with AChE was 7 min. The limits of detection for carbofuran were 6.3 nmol/L for the kinetic assay and 13.5 nmol/L for the endpoint assay. The paper demonstrates that the open alternative for commercial photometry is equivalent. The concept based on the OS3P/OS3P could be used as a large-scale screening system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Keresteš
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, CZ-50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Pohanka
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, CZ-50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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4
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Nitrogen and fluoride co-doped graphdiyne with metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived NiCo 2O 4-Co 3O 4 nanocages as sensing layers for ultra-sensitive pesticide detection. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1252:341012. [PMID: 36935133 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Heteroatom doped graphdiyne (GDY) has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy for achieving outstanding electrochemical properties, including improved electrocatalytic activity, tunable electronic properties and high electronic conductivity, by producing numerous heteroatomic defects as well as active sites. Extensive efforts have been devoted to the issue of single element doping of GDY. Introducing two or more kinds of heteroatoms into GDY materials may create a synergic effect between the co-dopants, thus generating superior electrochemical performance. Nevertheless, little research on multiple elements co-doped GDY, especially in the application of constructing electrochemical biosensor. Herein, nitrogen and fluoride co-doped GDY (N-F-GDY) has been synthesized and employed to combine with NiCo2O4-Co3O4 hollow multishelled nanocages to establish an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for the assay of pesticide residue. The as-prepared electrochemical biosensor possesses a wide linear range of 0.448 pM-44.8 nM for monocrotophos detection and a low detection limit of 0.0166 fM (S/N = 3).
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5
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Jimenez-Carretero M, Jabalera Y, Sola-Leyva A, Carrasco-Jimenez MP, Jimenez-Lopez C. Nanoassemblies of acetylcholinesterase and β-lactamase immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles as biosensors to detect pollutants in water. Talanta 2023; 258:124406. [PMID: 36870155 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of enzymes immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles to detect contaminants in aqueous samples has gained interest, since it allows the magnetic control, concentration and reuse of the enzymes. In this work, the detection of trace amounts of organophosphate pesticides (chlorpyrifos) and antibiotics (penicillin G) in water was attained by developing a nanoassembly formed by either inorganic or biomimetic magnetic nanoparticles used as substrates to immobilize acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and β-lactamase (BL). Other than the substrate, the optimization of the nanoassembly was done by testing enzyme immobilization both through electrostatic interaction (also reinforced with glutaraldehyde) and covalent bonds (by carbodiimide chemistry). Temperature (25 °C), ionic strength (150 mM NaCl) and pH (7) were set to ensure enzymatic stability and to allow both the nanoparticles and the enzymes to present ionic charges that would allow electrostatic interaction. Under these conditions, the enzyme load on the nanoparticles was ⁓0.1 mg enzyme per mg nanoparticles, and the preserved activity after immobilization was 50-60% of the specific activity of the free enzyme, being covalent bonding the one which yielded better results. Covalent nanoassemblies could detect trace concentrations of pollutants down to 1.43 nM chlorpyrifos and 0.28 nM penicillin G. They even permitted the quantification of 14.3 μM chlorpyrifos and 2.8 μM penicillin G. Also, immobilization conferred higher stability to AChE (⁓94% activity after 20 days storage at 4 °C) and allowed to reuse the BL up to 12 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ylenia Jabalera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Alberto Sola-Leyva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute Ibs.GRANADA, 18014, Granada, Spain.
| | - Maria P Carrasco-Jimenez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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Riaz M, Qadir R, Tahir Akhtar M, Misbah Ur Rehman M, Anwar F, Eman R, Fayyaz Ur Rehman M, Safwan Akram M. Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity and in Silico Studies of Hexane Extract and Essential Oils from Citrus limon Leaves. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200537. [PMID: 36378844 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial bioactivities of essential oil and hexane extract from Citrus limon leaves. The isolation of essential oil was carried out using the Clevenger apparatus. The percentage yield of essential oil and hexane extract from Citrus limon leaves was 0.59 and 0.50 %, respectively. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay highlighted that Citrus limon leaves essential oil (CLEO) and hexane extract exhibited the significant antioxidant potential of 69.64 and 67.55 %, respectively, compared to the BHT standard. Similarly, a significant inhibition in linoleic acid peroxidation was recorded in both CLEO (81.93 %) and hexane extract (50.34 %). Characterization of chemical constituents in CLEO and extract was executed using GC/MS, where Limonene was detected as a major compound in CLEO (60.52 %) and hexane extract (73.62 %). The haemolytic activity ranged from 2.46 to 5.75 % revealing negligible cytotoxicity of CLEO and hexane extract. In silico studies agree with the in vitro antimicrobial studies, where vinimalol, taraxasterol, and moretenol present in CLEO showed strong interactions/inhibition against dihydroorotase and DNA gyrase from E. coli, and the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and DNA gyrase from S. aureus. Based on the current data, it may be concluded that both CLEO and hexane extract possessed significant bioactivities, such as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, with minimal cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Qadir
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Farooq Anwar
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Rida Eman
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Safwan Akram
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
- National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington, DL11HG, United Kingdom
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Hassan F, Sher M, Hussain MA, Saadia M, Naeem-Ul-Hassan M, Rehman MFU, Haseeb MT, Bukhari SNA, Abbas A, Peng B, Kanwal F, Deng H. Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Amoxicillin after Solubility Enhancement Using the Spray Drying Technique. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48506-48519. [PMID: 36591136 PMCID: PMC9798760 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The dose frequency of drugs belonging to class II is usually high and associated with harmful effects on the body. The study aimed to enhance the solubility of the poorly water-soluble drug amoxicillin (AM) by the solid dispersion (SD) technique. Six different SDs of AM, F1-F6, were prepared by the spray drying technique using two other carriers, HP-β-CD (F1-F3) and HPMC (F4-F6), in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 drug-to-polymer ratios. These SDs were analyzed to determine their practical yield, drug content, and aqueous solubility using analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction. The effect of polymer concentration on SDs was determined using aqueous solubility, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo studies. The results showed no drug-polymer interactions in SDs. Solubility studies showed that SDs based on the drug-to-polymer ratio of 1:2 (F2 and F5) were highly soluble in water compared to those with ratios of 1:1 and 1:3. In vitro dissolution studies also showed that SDs with a ratio of 1:2 released the highest drug concentration from both polymeric systems. The SDs based on HPMC confirmed the more sustained release of the drug as compared to that of HP-β-CD. All the SDs were observed as stable and amorphous, with a smooth spherical surface. In vivo studies reveal the enhancement of pharmacokinetics parameters as compared to standard AM. Hence, it is confirmed that spray drying is an excellent technique to enhance the solubility of AM in an aqueous medium. This may contribute to the enhancement of the pharmacokinetic behaviors of SDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Hassan
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sher
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Mubshara Saadia
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan32200, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aliouf2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azhar Abbas
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
- Department
of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Government
Ambala Muslim Graduate College, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Kanwal
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai201620, China
| | - Huibiao Deng
- Department
of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200127, China
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Ghezzi F, Donnini R, Sansonetti A, Giovanella U, La Ferla B, Vercelli B. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Biosensing Applications: The Effect of the Thermal Treatments on Electrochemical and Optical Properties. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010072. [PMID: 36615268 PMCID: PMC9821838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of the ways in which post-synthesis treatments may influence the properties of carbon quantum dots (CDs) is of paramount importance for their employment in biosensors. It enables the definition of the mechanism of sensing, which is essential for the application of the suited design strategy of the device. In the present work, we studied the ways in which post-synthesis thermal treatments influence the optical and electrochemical properties of Nitrogen-doped CDs (N-CDs). Blue-emitting, N-CDs for application in biosensors were synthesized through the hydrothermal route, starting from citric acid and urea as bio-synthesizable and low-cost precursors. The CDs samples were thermally post-treated and then characterized through a combination of spectroscopic, structural, and electrochemical techniques. We observed that the post-synthesis thermal treatments show an oxidative effect on CDs graphitic N-atoms. They cause their partially oxidation with the formation of mixed valence state systems, [CDs]0+, which could be further oxidized into the graphitic N-oxide forms. We also observed that thermal treatments cause the decomposition of the CDs external ammonium ions into ammonia and protons, which protonate their pyridinic N-atoms. Photoluminescence (PL) emission is quenched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ghezzi
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, CNR-ISTP, Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Donnini
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia, CNR-ICMATE, Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Sansonetti
- Istituto di Scienze del Patrimonio Culturale, CNR-ISPC, Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Giovanella
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, CNR-SCITEC, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara La Ferla
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Vercelli
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia, CNR-ICMATE, Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Enzyme Immobilized Nanomaterials: An Electrochemical Bio-Sensing and Biocatalytic Degradation Properties Toward Organic Pollutants. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01760-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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A Butyrylcholinesterase Camera Biosensor Tested for Carbofuran and Paraoxon Assay. Int J Anal Chem 2022; 2022:2623155. [PMID: 35432544 PMCID: PMC9010193 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2623155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosensors containing cholinesterase are analytical devices suitable for the assay of neurotoxic compounds. In the research on biosensors, a new platform has appeared some years ago. It is the digital photography and scoring of coloration (photogrammetry). In this paper, a colorimetric biosensor is constructed using 3D-printed multiwell pads treated with indoxylacetate as a chromogenic substrate and gold nanoparticles with the immobilized enzyme butyrylcholinesterase. A smartphone camera served for photogrammetry. The biosensor was tested for the assay of carbofuran and paraoxon ethyl as two types of covalently binding inhibitors: irreversible and pseudoirreversible. The biosensor exerted good sensitivity to the inhibitors and was able to detect carbofuran with a limit of detection for carbofuran 7.7 nmol/l and 17.6 nmol/l for paraoxon ethyl. A sample sized 25 μl was suitable for the assay lasting approximately 70 minutes. Up to 121 samples can be measured contemporary using one multiwell pad. The received data fully correlated with the standard spectrophotometry. The colorimetric biosensor exerts promising specifications and appears to be competitive to the other analytical procedures working on the principle of cholinesterase inhibition. Low-cost, simple, and portable design represent an advantage of the assay of the biosensor. Despite the overall simplicity, the biosensor can fully replace the standard spectroscopic methods.
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Yu S, Chen Y, Yang Y, Yao Y, Song H. Nitrogen-doped graphene–poly(hydroxymethylated-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanocomposite electrochemical sensor for ultrasensitive determination of luteolin. RSC Adv 2022; 12:15517-15525. [PMID: 35685175 PMCID: PMC9125232 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01669a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor was constructed by one-step co-electropolymerization of hydroxymethylated-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and nitrogen-doped graphene for the trace-level analysis of luteolin in Thymus vulgaris, Lonicera japonica, and Lamiophlomis rotata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Yining Chen
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Yao
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Haijun Song
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
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12
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2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one as a New Class of Anti-Leishmanial Agents: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected parasitic disease caused by various Leishmania species. The discovery of new protozoa drugs makes it easier to treat the disease; but, conventional clinical issues like drug resistance, cumulative toxicity, and target selectivity are also getting attention. So, there is always a need for new therapeutics to treat Leishmaniasis. Here, we have reported 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivative as a new class of anti-leishmanial agents. Two derivatives, 3a (6,8-dinitro-2,2-disubstituted-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones) and 3b (2-(4-chloro-3-nitro-phenyl)-2-methyl-6,8-dinitro-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinazolin-4-one) were prepared that show promising in silico anti-leishmanial activities. Molecular docking was performed against the Leishmanial key proteins including Pyridoxal Kinase and Trypanothione Reductase. The stability of the ligand-protein complexes was further studied by 100 ns MD simulations and MM/PBSA calculations for both compounds. 3b has been shown to be a better anti-leishmanial candidate. In vitro studies also agree with the in-silico results where IC50 for 3a and 3b was 1.61 and 0.05 µg/mL, respectively.
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