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Chenafa A, Abdo AAA, Mahdi AA, Zhang Q, Chen C, Zhu Y, Li J, Fan G, Liu J. Functionalized electrospun nanofibers to enhance β-Galactosidase immobilization and catalytic activity for efficient galactooligosaccharide synthesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132312. [PMID: 38744370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to immobilize β-galactosidase (β-GAL) into enhanced polystyrene (PS) electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) with functionalized graphene oxide (GO). Initially, GO sheets were functionalized by salinization with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES). Then the ENMs (PS, PS/GO, and PS/GO-APTES) were prepared and characterized. Then, the β-GAL was immobilized in the different ENMs to produce the β-GAL-bound nanocomposites (PS-GAL, PS/GO-GAL, and PS/GO-APTES-GAL). Immobilization of β-GAL into PS/GO-APTES significantly improved enzyme adsorption by up to 87 %. Also, PS/GO-APTES-GAL improved the enzyme activity, where the highest enzyme activity was obtained at enzyme concentrations of 4 mg/L, 50 °C, and pH 4.5. Likewise, the storage stability and reusability of immobilized β-GAL were improved. Furthermore, this process led to enhanced catalytic behavior and transgalactosylation efficiency, where GOS synthesis (72 %) and lactose conversion (81 %) increased significantly compared to the free enzyme. Overall, the immobilized β-GAL produced in this study showed potential as an effective biocatalyst in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Chenafa
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Abdullah A A Abdo
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Amer Ali Mahdi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chang Chen
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yunping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jinlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Guangsen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Internal Trade Food Science Research Institue Co., Future Science and Technology Park South, BeiQiJia, Changping, Ltd, Beijing 102200, China
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Zöngür A, Er Zeybekler S. Evaluation of the effects of zinc oxide (ZnO NPs) nanoparticles synthesized by green synthesis on Caenorhabditis elegans. Biol Futur 2024:10.1007/s42977-024-00217-3. [PMID: 38662325 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-024-00217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the rapid development of nanotechnology has caused the products obtained with this technology to be used more daily. Information on the effects of these products, which provide great advantages in every respect, on human health and the environment is insufficient. It has been suggested that these nanoparticles may have toxic effects on living things, mostly in animal experiments and cell cultures. In this paper, the organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), which contains a genome and biochemical ways highly similar to humans, is used to understand and reveal the metabolism of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) toxicological effects. The toxicological effects of ZnO NPs on C. elegans organisms were investigated and the results were evaluated in terms of environment and human health. C. elegans was exposed to commercial ZnO NPs and green synthesized ZnO NPs from Olea europaea (olive tree, OLE). LC50 values were determined by probit analysis (green synthesized ZnO NP LC5024h = 84.97 mg/L, LC5072h = 33.27 mg/L, commercial ZnO NPs LC5024h = 5.75 mg/L, LC5072h = 1.91 mg/L). When the survival times of C. elegans were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method, it was seen that commercial ZnO NPs were more toxic than green synthesized ZnO NPs. In MTT tests, it was clearly seen that commercial ZnO NPs and green synthesized ZnO NPs entered the cell and caused different cytotoxicity. While there was a difference between control and 0.5, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/L doses in commercial ZnO NP applications, there were significant differences between control and 25, 50 mg/L concentrations in green synthesized ZnO NP applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Zöngür
- Gemerek Vocational School, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Simge Er Zeybekler
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
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3
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Kilic NM, Gelen SS, Er Zeybekler S, Odaci D. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials Decorated Electrospun Nanofibers in Biosensors: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:3-15. [PMID: 38222586 PMCID: PMC10785068 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have revolutionized scientific research due to their exceptional physical and chemical capabilities. Carbon-based nanomaterials such as graphene and its derivates have excellent electrical, optical, thermal, physical, and chemical properties that have made them indispensable in several industries worldwide, including medicine, electronics, and energy. By incorporating carbon-based nanomaterials as nanofillers in electrospun nanofibers (ESNFs), smoother and highly conductive nanofibers can be achieved that possess a large surface area and porosity. This approach provides a superior alternative to traditional materials in the development of improved biosensors. Carbon-based ESNFs, among the most exciting new-generation materials, have many applications, including filtration, pharmaceuticals, biosensors, and membranes. The electrospinning technique is a highly efficient and cost-effective method for producing desired nanofibers compared to other methods. Various types of natural and synthetic organic polymers have been successfully utilized in solution electrospinning to produce nanofibers directly. To create diagnostics devices, various biomolecules like antibodies, enzymes, aptamers, ligands, and even cells can be bound to the surface of nanofibers. Electrospun nanofibers can serve as an immobilization matrix to create a biofunctional surface. Thus, biosensors with desired features can be produced in this way. This study comprehensively reviews biosensors that integrate nanodiamonds, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and carbon dots into electrospun nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Melis Kilic
- Ege
University, Faculty of Science
Biochemistry Department, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sultan Sacide Gelen
- Ege
University, Faculty of Science
Biochemistry Department, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
| | - Simge Er Zeybekler
- Ege
University, Faculty of Science
Biochemistry Department, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Odaci
- Ege
University, Faculty of Science
Biochemistry Department, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
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Evren G, Er E, Yalcinkaya EE, Horzum N, Odaci D. Electrospun Nanofibers including Organic/Inorganic Nanohybrids: Polystyrene- and Clay-Based Architectures in Immunosensor Preparation for Serum Amyloid A. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:673. [PMID: 37504072 PMCID: PMC10377714 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostic techniques based on biomolecules have application potential that can be realized in many fields, such as disease diagnosis, bioprocess imaging, food/beverage industries, and environmental pollutant imaging. Successful surface immobilization of biomolecules is critical to increasing the stabilization, sensitivity, and selectivity of biomolecules used in bioassay systems. Nanofibers are good candidates for the immobilization of biomolecules owing to many advantages such as morphology and pore size. In this study, montmorillonite (MMT) clay is modified with poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) generation 3 (PAMAMG3) and added to polystyrene (PS) solutions, following which PS/MMT-PAMAMG3 nanofibers are obtained using the electrospinning method. The nanofibers are obtained by testing PS% (wt%) and MMT-PAMAMG3% (wt%) ratios and characterized with scanning electron microscopy. Antiserum amyloid A antibody (Anti-SAA) is then conjugated to the nanofibers on the electrode surface via covalent bonds using a zero-length cross linker. Finally, the obtained selective surface is used for electrochemical determination of serum amyloid A (SAA) levels. The linear range of PS/MMT-PAMAM/Anti-SAA is between 1 and 200 ng/mL SAA, and the detection limit is 0.57 ng/mL SAA. The applicability of PS/MMT-PAMAMG3/Anti-SAA is investigated by taking measurements in synthetic saliva and serum both containing SAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Evren
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Eray Er
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Esra Evrim Yalcinkaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Horzum
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli, Izmir 35620, Turkey
| | - Dilek Odaci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
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Kilic NM, Singh S, Keles G, Cinti S, Kurbanoglu S, Odaci D. Novel Approaches to Enzyme-Based Electrochemical Nanobiosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:622. [PMID: 37366987 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemistry is a genuinely interdisciplinary science that may be used in various physical, chemical, and biological domains. Moreover, using biosensors to quantify biological or biochemical processes is critical in medical, biological, and biotechnological applications. Nowadays, there are several electrochemical biosensors for various healthcare applications, such as for the determination of glucose, lactate, catecholamines, nucleic acid, uric acid, and so on. Enzyme-based analytical techniques rely on detecting the co-substrate or, more precisely, the products of a catalyzed reaction. The glucose oxidase enzyme is generally used in enzyme-based biosensors to measure glucose in tears, blood, etc. Moreover, among all nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials have generally been utilized thanks to the unique properties of carbon. The sensitivity can be up to pM levels using enzyme-based nanobiosensor, and these sensors are very selective, as all enzymes are specific for their substrates. Furthermore, enzyme-based biosensors frequently have fast reaction times, allowing for real-time monitoring and analyses. These biosensors, however, have several drawbacks. Changes in temperature, pH, and other environmental factors can influence the stability and activity of the enzymes, affecting the reliability and repeatability of the readings. Additionally, the cost of the enzymes and their immobilization onto appropriate transducer surfaces might be prohibitively expensive, impeding the large-scale commercialization and widespread use of biosensors. This review discusses the design, detection, and immobilization techniques for enzyme-based electrochemical nanobiosensors, and recent applications in enzyme-based electrochemical studies are evaluated and tabulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Melis Kilic
- Faculty of Science Biochemistry Department, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Turkey
| | - Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gulsu Keles
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Sevinc Kurbanoglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Odaci
- Faculty of Science Biochemistry Department, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Turkey
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Atik G, Kilic NM, Horzum N, Odaci D, Timur S. Antibody-Conjugated Electrospun Nanofibers for Electrochemical Detection of Methamphetamine. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:24109-24119. [PMID: 37184103 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional electrospun nanofibers (ENs) with improved properties have increased attention nowadays. Their insoluble forms in water with decreased hydrophobicity are desired for the immobilization of biological molecules. Also, the addition of functional groups on the backbone provides the conjugation of biomolecules onto the surface of ENs via covalent bonds to increase their stability. Here, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was chosen to prepare a platform, which is insoluble in water, and polyethylenimine (PEI) was used to add amine groups on the surface of ENs to bind biological molecules via covalent conjugation. So, PVDF-PEI nanofibers were prepared on a glassy carbon electrode to immobilize an antimethamphetamine antibody (Anti-METH) as a model biomolecule. The obtained PVDF-PEI/Anti-METH was used for the bioelectrochemical detection of methamphetamine (METH), a common illicit drug. Bioelectrochemical detection of METH on PVDF-PEI/Anti-METH-coated electrodes was carried out by voltammetry in the range of 2.0-50 ng/mL METH. Moreover, the effect of dansyl chloride (DNC) derivatization of METH on the sensitivity of PVDF-PEI/Anti-METH was tested. Finally, METH analysis was carried out in synthetic body fluids. The obtained results showed that PVDF-PEI ENs can be adopted as an immobilization matrix for the biorecognition elements of biobased detection systems, and the derivative of METH (METH-DNC) increased the sensitivity of PVDF-PEI/Anti-METH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Atik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nur Melis Kilic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Horzum
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Biocomposite Engineering Graduate Program, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, 35620 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Odaci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Suna Timur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
- Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
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7
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Er Zeybekler S, Odaci D. Carbon Nanotube-Incorporated Nanofibers for Immunosensor Preparation against CD36. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:5776-5786. [PMID: 36816687 PMCID: PMC9933220 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The increased serum concentration of CD36 is significantly associated with atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. Currently, there is no sensor system used for the detection of CD36 in the clinical field. Therefore, there is a need to develop a sensor system for the detection of CD36. The large surface area/volume ratio and controllable surface conformation of electrospun nanofibers (ENs) make them highly attractive for immunosensor applications. In the present study, PS/MWCNT-PAMAM ENs were produced and used as an immobilization matrix of Anti-CD36. Thus, the electrochemical behavior of the developed nanocomposite-based ENs and their usage potential were investigated for immunosensor applications. First, an oxidized multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT-OH) was synthesized and modified with a polyamidoamine generation 3 (PAMAM G3) dendrimer. The synthesized MWCNT-PAMAM nanocomposite was mixed with polystyrene (PS) solutions at different ratios to produce bead-free, smooth, and uniform PS/MWCNT-PAMAM ENs. PS/MWCNT-PAMAM ENs were accumulated on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) using the electrospinning technique. A biofunctional surface on the PS/MWCNT-PAMAM EN-coated SPCE was created using carbodiimide chemistry by covalent immobilization of Anti-CD36. The analytic performance characteristics of the developed PS/MWCNT-PAMAM/Anti-CD36 immunosensor were determined by performing electrochemical measurements in the presence of the CD36 protein. The linear detection range was found to be from 5 to 40 ng/mL, and the limit of detection was calculated as 3.94 ng/mL for CD36. The developed PS/MWCNT-PAMAM/Anti-CD36 immunosensor also displayed high tolerance to interference substances, good repeatability, and high recovery percent (recovery%) for artificial blood serum analysis.
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Raveena, Alka, Gandhi N, Kumari P. Efficacious Removal of Flonicamid Insecticide from Water by GO@functionalized Calix[4]pyrrole: Synergistic Effect in Adsorption. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raveena
- Bio-organic material research laboratory Department of Chemistry Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi 110007 India
| | - Alka
- Bio-organic material research laboratory Department of Chemistry Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
| | - Namita Gandhi
- Bio-organic material research laboratory Department of Chemistry Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
| | - Pratibha Kumari
- Bio-organic material research laboratory Department of Chemistry Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
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Ketmen S, Er Zeybekler S, Gelen SS, Odaci D. Graphene Oxide-Magnetic Nanoparticles Loaded Polystyrene-Polydopamine Electrospun Nanofibers Based Nanocomposites for Immunosensing Application of C-Reactive Protein. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1175. [PMID: 36551142 PMCID: PMC9776388 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The large surface area/volume ratio and controllable surface conformation of electrospun nanofibers (ENFs) make them highly attractive in applications where a large surface area is desired, such as sensors and affinity membranes. In this study, nanocomposite-based ENFs were produced and immobilization of Anti-CRP was carried out for the non-invasive detection of C-reactive protein (CRP). Initially, the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) was carried out and it was modified with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP, Fe3O4) and polydopamine (PDA). Catechol-containing and quinone-containing functional groups were created on the nanocomposite surface for the immobilization of Anti-CRP. Polystyrene (PS) solution was mixed with rGO-MNP-PDA nanocomposite and PS/rGO-MNP-PDA ENFs were produced with bead-free, smooth, and uniform. The surface of the screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was covered with PS/rGO-MNP-PDA ENFs by using the electrospinning technique under the determined optimum conditions. Next, Anti-CRP immobilization was carried out and the biofunctional surface was created on the PS/rGO-MNP-PDA ENFs coated SPCE. Moreover, PS/rGO-PDA/Anti-CRP and PS/MNP-PDA/Anti-CRP immunosensors were also prepared and the effect of each component in the nanocomposite-based electrospun nanofiber (MNP, rGO) on the sensor response was investigated. The analytic performance of the developed PS/rGO-MNP-PDA/Anti-CRP, PS/rGO-PDA/Anti-CRP, and PS/MNP-PDA/Anti-CRP immunosensors were examined by performing electrochemical measurements in the presence of CRP. The linear detection range of PS/rGO-MNP-PDA/Anti-CRP immunosensor was found to be from 0.5 to 60 ng/mL and the limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 0.33 ng/mL for CRP. The PS/rGO-MNP-PDA/Anti-CRP immunosensor also exhibited good repeatability with a low coefficient of variation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dilek Odaci
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-232-311-17-11; Fax: +90-232-311-54-85
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Pham TN, Dinh NX, Tien VM, Ong VH, Das R, Nguyen TL, Tran QH, Tran DT, Vu DL, Le AT. Advances in magnetic field-assisted electrolyte's physicochemical properties and electrokinetic parameters: A case study on the response ability of chloramphenicol on Fe 3O 4@carbon spheres-based electrochemical nanosensor. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1229:340398. [PMID: 36156214 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the utilization of external magnetic field (MF) in promoting the intrinsic unique features of magnetic nanomaterials in many different applications has been reported, however the origin of MF-dependent electrochemical behaviors as well as the electrochemical response of analytes at the electrode in sensor applications is still not clear. In this report, the influence of MF on the electrolyte's physicochemical properties (polarization, mass transport, charge/electron transfer) and electrode's properties (conductivity, morphology, surface area, interaction, adsorption capability, electrocatalytic ability) was thoroughly investigated. Herein, the working electrode surface was modified with carbon spheres (CSs), magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs), and their nanocomposites (Fe3O4@CSs), respectively. Then, they were directly used to enhance the electrochemical characteristics and response-ability of chloramphenicol (CAP). More interestingly, a series of various kinetic parameters related to the diffusion-controlled process of K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6)] and the adsorption-controlled process of CAP were calculated at the bare electrode and the modified electrodes with and without the presence of MF. These parameters not only exhibit the crucial role of the modification of electrode surface with the proposed materials but also show positive impacts of the presence of external MF. Besides, the mechanism and hypothesis for the enhancements were proposed and discussed in detail, further demonstrating the development potential of using Fe3O4@CS nanocomposites with MF assistant for advanced energy, environmental, and sensor related-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyet Nhung Pham
- Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam.
| | - Ngo Xuan Dinh
- Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam
| | - Van Manh Tien
- Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam
| | - Van Hoang Ong
- Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam; University of Transport Technology, Trieu Khuc, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Raja Das
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Lan Nguyen
- International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS) and Advanced Institute for Science and Technology (AIST), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), 01 Dai Co Viet Road, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Quang Huy Tran
- Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam
| | - Dang Thanh Tran
- Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST) & Institute for Materials Science (IMS), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Dinh Lam Vu
- Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST) & Institute for Materials Science (IMS), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Anh-Tuan Le
- Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam; Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam.
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