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Tsai YF, Hsu LH, Wu CC, Cai WH, Yang KC, Fan FY. Long-Term Oral Toxicity and Anti-osteoporotic Effect of Sintered Dicalcium Pyrophosphate in Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. J Med Biol Eng 2017; 37:181-190. [PMID: 29930493 PMCID: PMC5990578 DOI: 10.1007/s40846-016-0197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sintered dicalcium pyrophosphate (SDCP), a synthetic pyrophosphate analog, has shown potential for the management of osteoporosis. The long-term oral toxicity and anti-osteoporotic effect of SDCP in a postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model were evaluated in this study. SDCP was orally administered to bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) Wistar rats at a dose of 0.75 mg/kg daily for 24 weeks following by 2 weeks of observation. There were no abnormal findings in clinical signs of toxicity, food consumption, body weight, blood examination, necropsy, and histological inspection attributable to the ingestion of SDCP. The serum level of type I collagen fragments, a bone resorption marker, decreased in SDCP-treated rats, and the bone formation markers alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and osteopontin significantly decreased. These findings indicate that the bone turnover rate decreased in SDCP-treated animals. Relative to OVX rats, the increase in serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b level represents an increase in bony tissues in the SDCP-treated rats. Histological examinations of distal femoral metaphyses further revealed that the ingestion of SDCP improved the trabecular bone architecture and decreased bone porosity. Analysis of limb bone ashes showed a significant increase in bone mineral content. Our results show that SDCP inhibits bone resorption to restore bone mass in OVX rats without deleterious effects, and therefore that SDCP has potential in the management of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Feng Tsai
- 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, 111 Taiwan.,2School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205 Taiwan
| | - Li-Ho Hsu
- 3Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 23702 Taiwan.,4Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 10002 Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chin Wu
- 3Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 23702 Taiwan.,4Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 10002 Taiwan.,5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, 30015 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hua Cai
- 6School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei City, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chiang Yang
- 6School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei City, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Fan
- 6School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei City, 11031 Taiwan
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Wu WJ, Lee HY, Lee GH, Chae HJ, Ahn BY. The antiosteoporotic effects of Cheonggukjang containing vitamin k2 (menaquinone-7) in ovariectomized rats. J Med Food 2014; 17:1298-305. [PMID: 25259841 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.3095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of dietary vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7, MK-7) and cheonggukjang (CGJ) on the prevention of ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss was studied in rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into eight groups: sham-operated; OVX control; OVX treated with MK-7 at doses of 2, 4, and 8 μg/day; and OVX treated with CGJ at doses of 0.063, 0.125, and 0.250 g/day referenced to MK-7 levels at 2, 4, and 8 μg/day, respectively. After 8 weeks of treatment, the preventive effects of MK-7 and CGJ were evaluated by measuring body weights, serum levels of bone turnover markers, bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular microarchitectural properties, and bone histological characteristics. Our results showed that rats treated with a high dose of MK-7 (8 μg/day) exhibited a minor inhibitory effect on OVX-induced bone loss, as indicated by a significant increase in trabecular number, as well as BMC and BMD (P<.01). Moreover, the preventive effects of MK-7 were augmented by administration of CGJ at the same MK-7 dose. In addition, the preventive effects of CGJ were shown to be dose dependent, with the highest dose (0.250 g/day) significantly (P<.01) increasing BMC and BMD by 31.8% and 47.6%, respectively. In summary, these results suggest that administration of CGJ containing abundant levels of MK-7 may be a promising approach for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jie Wu
- 1 Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University , Iksan, Korea
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Kuo YJ, Sun JS, Rau G, Chen CH, Tsai TH, Tsuang YH. Better Osteoporotic Fracture Healing with Sintered Dicalcium Pyrophosphate (SDCP) Treatment: A Rat Femoral Fracture Model. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 62:565-76. [PMID: 24828625 DOI: 10.1369/0022155414538264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sintered dicalcium pyrophosphate (SDCP) on fracture healing in an osteoporotic rat model. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old) were randomly allocated into five groups: sham-operated group, and bilateral ovariectomized group treated with SDCP, alendronate, calcitonin, or no treatment. Rats were sacrificed at 6 or 16 weeks after fracture. Fracture sites were examined by microcomputed tomography (microCT), histology, and mechanical testing. The results showed that SDCP mildly suppressed callus remodeling at 6 weeks, but not at 16 weeks. The lamellar bone in the callus area and new cortical shell formation in SDCP-treated group were similar to that of the sham group at 16 weeks after fracture, indicating there was no delayed callus remodeling into lamellar bone. At both 6 and 16 weeks after fracture, ultimate stress and elastic modulus were similar between the SDCP and sham groups, and the mechanical strength in these groups was better than that in other groups. Finally, analysis of the serum bone markers CTX-1 and P1NP suggested that SDCP decreased the bone turnover rate and promoted proper fracture healing. The effect of SDCP is superior to that of alendronate and calcitonin in the healing of osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jie Kuo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (YJK, JSS) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology (CHC) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Traditional Medicine (THT, YHT) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedics (YJK), School of Medicine, College of MedicineGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine (JSS, GR), School of Medicine, College of MedicineDepartment of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (GR, CHC, YHT) Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)Department of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (CHC, GR, YHT)Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (YJK, JSS) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology (CHC) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Traditional Medicine (THT, YHT) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedics (YJK), School of Medicine, College of MedicineGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine (JSS, GR), School of Medicine, College of MedicineDepartment of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (GR, CHC, YHT) Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)Department of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (CHC, GR, YHT)Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)
| | - Gary Rau
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (YJK, JSS) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology (CHC) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Traditional Medicine (THT, YHT) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedics (YJK), School of Medicine, College of MedicineGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine (JSS, GR), School of Medicine, College of MedicineDepartment of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (GR, CHC, YHT) Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)Department of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (CHC, GR, YHT)Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)
| | - Chia-Hsien Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (YJK, JSS) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology (CHC) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Traditional Medicine (THT, YHT) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedics (YJK), School of Medicine, College of MedicineGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine (JSS, GR), School of Medicine, College of MedicineDepartment of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (GR, CHC, YHT) Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)Department of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (CHC, GR, YHT)Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (YJK, JSS) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology (CHC) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Traditional Medicine (THT, YHT) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedics (YJK), School of Medicine, College of MedicineGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine (JSS, GR), School of Medicine, College of MedicineDepartment of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (GR, CHC, YHT) Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)Department of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (CHC, GR, YHT)Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)
| | - Yang-Hwei Tsuang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (YJK, JSS) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology (CHC) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Traditional Medicine (THT, YHT) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedics (YJK), School of Medicine, College of MedicineGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine (JSS, GR), School of Medicine, College of MedicineDepartment of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (GR, CHC, YHT) Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)Department of Orthopaedics, Shang-Ho Hospital (CHC, GR, YHT)Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (JSS)
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