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Funano SI, Ota N, Tanaka Y. A simple and reversible glass-glass bonding method to construct a microfluidic device and its application for cell recovery. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:2244-2254. [PMID: 33908537 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00058f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Compared with polymer microfluidic devices, glass microfluidic devices have advantages for diverse lab-on-a-chip applications due to their rigidity, optical transparency, thermal stability, and chemical/biological inertness. However, the bonding process to construct glass microfluidic devices usually involves treatment(s) like high temperature over 400 °C, oxygen plasma or piranha solution. Such processes require special skill, apparatus or harsh chemicals, and destroy molecules or cells in microchannels. Here, we present a simple method for glass-glass bonding to easily form microchannels. This method consists of two steps: placing water droplets on a glass substrate cleaned by neutral detergent, followed by fixing a cover glass plate on the glass substrate by binding clips for a few hours at room temperature. Surface analyses showed that the glass surface cleaned by neutral detergent had a higher ratio of SiOH over SiO than glass surfaces prepared by other cleaning steps. Thus, the suggested method could achieve stronger glass-glass bonding via dehydration condensation due to the higher density of SiOH. The pressure endurance reached over 600 kPa within 6 h of bonding, which is sufficient for practical microfluidic applications. Moreover, by exploiting the reversibility of this bonding method, cell recoveries after cultivating cells in a microchannel were demonstrated. This new bonding method can significantly improve both the productivity and the usability of glass microfluidic devices and extend the possibility of glass microfluidic applications in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Funano
- Laboratory for Integrated biodevice, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Nobutoshi Ota
- Laboratory for Integrated biodevice, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Laboratory for Integrated biodevice, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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2
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Student S, Milewska M, Ostrowski Z, Gut K, Wandzik I. Microchamber microfluidics combined with thermogellable glycomicrogels – Platform for single cells study in an artificial cellular microenvironment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 119:111647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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SASAKI N, HAYASHI T, INOUE N, ONISHI M. Fabrication of Microfluidic Cell Culture Devices Using a Consumer Laser Cutter. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2018. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.67.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki SASAKI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University
| | - Tomomi HAYASHI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University
| | - Nanako INOUE
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University
| | - Masahiro ONISHI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University
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4
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Sato K, Nakajima M, Tokuda S, Ogawa A. Fluidic Culture and Analysis of Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells for the Study of Pulmonary Hypertension. ANAL SCI 2018; 32:1217-1221. [PMID: 27829629 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop novel in-vitro models to mimic the disease conditions in pulmonary hypertension (PH). We developed a microfluidic cell culture device for PH studies that withstood high shear stress. Techniques were also developed for cell recovery from the microchannel and mRNA isolation from the collected cells. Using this device, we found that shear stress caused a 7.5-fold increase in the transcription levels of a PH-related molecule, Cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kae Sato
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University
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5
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Huang X, Lee RJ, Qi Y, Li Y, Lu J, Meng Q, Teng L, Xie J. Microfluidic hydrodynamic focusing synthesis of polymer-lipid nanoparticles for siRNA delivery. Oncotarget 2017; 8:96826-96836. [PMID: 29228574 PMCID: PMC5722526 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are promising as therapeutics for intractable diseases such as cancer. However, efficient and safe delivery of siRNAs in vivo remains a challenge. Polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (P/LNPs) have been evaluated for therapeutic delivery of siRNA. In this study, a microfluidic hydrodynamic focusing (MF) system was used to prepare P/LNPs loaded with VEGF siRNA. P/LNPs made by MF were smaller in particle size and had narrower size distribution compared to P/LNPs formed by bulk mixing (BM). MF-synthesized P/LNPs demonstrated low vehicle cytotoxicity and potent tumor cell inhibition in vitro. In addition, P/LNPs produced by the microfluidic chip exhibited prolonged blood circulation and increased AUC after i.v. injection compared to free siRNA. Furthermore, P/LNPs synthesized by MF induced greater down-regulation of VEGF mRNA and protein levels as well as greater tumor inhibition in a xenograft tumor model. Taken together, P/LNPs prepared by MF have been shown to be an effective and safe therapeutic siRNA delivery system for cancer treatment both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519041, China
| | - Robert J Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China.,Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Yuhang Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China
| | - Yujing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China
| | - Jiahui Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China
| | - Qingfan Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China
| | - Lesheng Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China
| | - Jing Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China
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6
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Uto K, Tsui JH, DeForest CA, Kim DH. Dynamically Tunable Cell Culture Platforms for Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology. Prog Polym Sci 2017; 65:53-82. [PMID: 28522885 PMCID: PMC5432044 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human tissues are sophisticated ensembles of many distinct cell types embedded in the complex, but well-defined, structures of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Dynamic biochemical, physicochemical, and mechano-structural changes in the ECM define and regulate tissue-specific cell behaviors. To recapitulate this complex environment in vitro, dynamic polymer-based biomaterials have emerged as powerful tools to probe and direct active changes in cell function. The rapid evolution of polymerization chemistries, structural modulation, and processing technologies, as well as the incorporation of stimuli-responsiveness, now permit synthetic microenvironments to capture much of the dynamic complexity of native tissue. These platforms are comprised not only of natural polymers chemically and molecularly similar to ECM, but those fully synthetic in origin. Here, we review recent in vitro efforts to mimic the dynamic microenvironment comprising native tissue ECM from the viewpoint of material design. We also discuss how these dynamic polymer-based biomaterials are being used in fundamental cell mechanobiology studies, as well as towards efforts in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Uto
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Jonathan H. Tsui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Cole A. DeForest
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, 4000 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
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Cell sheet mechanics: How geometrical constraints induce the detachment of cell sheets from concave surfaces. Acta Biomater 2016; 45:85-97. [PMID: 27562610 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite of the progress made to engineer structured microtissues such as BioMEMS and 3D bioprinting, little control exists how microtissues transform as they mature, as the misbalance between cell-generated forces and the strength of cell-cell and cell-substrate contacts can result in unintended tissue deformations and ruptures. To develop a quantitative perspective on how cellular contractility, scaffold curvature and cell-substrate adhesion control such rupture processes, human aortic smooth muscle cells were grown on glass substrates with submillimeter semichannels. We quantified cell sheet detachment from 3D confocal image stacks as a function of channel curvature and cell sheet tension by adding different amounts of Blebbistatin and TGF-β to inhibit or enhance cell contractility, respectively. We found that both higher curvature and higher contractility increased the detachment probability. Variations of the adhesive strength of the protein coating on the substrate revealed that the rupture plane was localized along the substrate-extracellular matrix interface for non-covalently adsorbed adhesion proteins, while the collagen-integrin interface ruptured when collagen I was covalently crosslinked to the substrate. Finally, a simple mechanical model is introduced that quantitatively explains how the tuning of substrate curvature, cell sheet contractility and adhesive strength can be used as tunable parameters as summarized in a first semi-quantitative phase diagram. These parameters can thus be exploited to either inhibit or purposefully induce a collective detachment of sheet-like microtissues for the use in tissue engineering and regenerative therapies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Despite of the significant progress in 3D tissue fabrication technologies at the microscale, there is still no quantitative model that can predict if cells seeded on a 3D structure maintain the imposed geometry while they form a continuous microtissue. Especially, detachment or loss of shape control of growing tissue is a major concern when designing 3D-structured scaffolds. Utilizing semi-cylindrical channels and vascular smooth muscle cells, we characterized how geometrical and mechanical parameters such as curvature of the substrate, cellular contractility, or protein-substrate adhesion strength tune the catastrophic detachment of microtissue. Observed results were rationalized by a theoretical model. The phase diagram showing how unintended tissue detachment progresses would help in designing of mechanically-balanced 3D scaffolds in future tissue engineering applications.
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An electric generator using living Torpedo electric organs controlled by fluid pressure-based alternative nervous systems. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25899. [PMID: 27241817 PMCID: PMC4886531 DOI: 10.1038/srep25899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct electric power generation using biological functions have become a research focus due to their low cost and cleanliness. Unlike major approaches using glucose fuels or microbial fuel cells (MFCs), we present a generation method with intrinsically high energy conversion efficiency and generation with arbitrary timing using living electric organs of Torpedo (electric rays) which are serially integrated electrocytes converting ATP into electric energy. We developed alternative nervous systems using fluid pressure to stimulate electrocytes by a neurotransmitter, acetylcholine (Ach), and demonstrated electric generation. Maximum voltage and current were 1.5 V and 0.64 mA, respectively, with a duration time of a few seconds. We also demonstrated energy accumulation in a capacitor. The current was far larger than that using general cells other than electrocytes (~pA level). The generation ability was confirmed against repetitive cycles and also after preservation for 1 day. This is the first step toward ATP-based energy harvesting devices.
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Abstract
The current state of screening methods for drug discovery is still riddled with several inefficiencies. Although some widely used high-throughput screening platforms may enhance the drug screening process, their cost and oversimplification of cell-drug interactions pose a translational difficulty. Microfluidic cell-chips resolve many issues found in conventional HTS technology, providing benefits such as reduced sample quantity and integration of 3D cell culture physically more representative of the physiological/pathological microenvironment. In this review, we introduce the advantages of microfluidic devices in drug screening, and outline the critical factors which influence device design, highlighting recent innovations and advances in the field including a summary of commercialization efforts on microfluidic cell chips. Future perspectives of microfluidic cell devices are also provided based on considerations of present technological limitations and translational barriers.
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TAZAWA H, SUNAOSHI S, TOKESHI M, KITAMORI T, OHTANI-KANEKO R. An Easy-to-Use Polystyrene Microchip-based Cell Culture System. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:349-53. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manabu TOKESHI
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
- ImPACT Research Center for Advanced Nanobiodevices, Nagoya University
| | - Takehiko KITAMORI
- Institute of Microchemical Technology Co., Ltd
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
| | - Ritsuko OHTANI-KANEKO
- Department of Life Sciences, Toyo University
- Bio-Nano Electronic Research Centre, Toyo University
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11
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Sasaki N, Jo JI, Aoki I, Sato K. Magnetic resonance imaging of a microvascular-interstitium model on a microfluidic device. Anal Biochem 2014; 458:72-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Balbino TA, Azzoni AR, de la Torre LG. Microfluidic devices for continuous production of pDNA/cationic liposome complexes for gene delivery and vaccine therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 111:203-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Zheng XT, Yu L, Li P, Dong H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Li CM. On-chip investigation of cell-drug interactions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1556-74. [PMID: 23428898 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of cell-drug interaction is of great importance in drug discovery but continues to pose significant challenges to develop robust, fast and high-throughput methods for pharmacologically profiling of potential drugs. Recently, cell chips have emerged as a promising technology for drug discovery/delivery, and their miniaturization and flow-through operation significantly reduce sample consumption while dramatically improving the throughput, reliability, resolution and sensitivity. Herein we review various types of miniaturized cell chips used in investigation of cell-drug interactions. The design and fabrication of cell chips including material selection, surface modification, cell trapping/patterning, concentration gradient generation and mimicking of in vivo environment are presented. Recent advances of on-chip investigations of cell-drug interactions, in particular the high-throughput screening, cell sorting, cytotoxicity testing, drug resistance analysis and pharmacological profiling are examined and discussed. It is expected that this survey can provide thoughtful basics and important applications of on-chip investigations of cell-drug interactions, thus greatly promoting research and development interests in this area.
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Sasaki N, Shinjo M, Hirakawa S, Nishinaka M, Tanaka Y, Mawatari K, Kitamori T, Sato K. A palmtop-sized microfluidic cell culture system driven by a miniaturized infusion pump. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1729-35. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Sasaki
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University; Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Mika Shinjo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University; Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirakawa
- Department of Dermatology; Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Handayama; Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka; Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishinaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo; Japan
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Aota A, Takahashi S, Mawatari K, Tanaka Y, Sugii Y, Kitamori T. Microchip-based plasma separation from whole blood via axial migration of blood cells. ANAL SCI 2012; 27:1173-8. [PMID: 22156242 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Highly efficient cell-free plasma separation from 200 µL of human whole blood was realized via axial migration of blood cells and cross-flow filtration in a microchip. Although various analyses of small volumes of blood have been reported, a large volume of blood is necessary for obtaining blood cells and plasma for the conventional plasma separation technique of centrifugation. A highly efficient plasma separation method using small volumes of blood without hemolysis is an important issue. We developed a plasma separation method based on a microchip with a filter, which utilizes the axial migration of blood cells observed in blood vessels. Clogging and hemolysis on the filter can be prevented by the axial migration of the blood cells. Using this method, 65% of the plasma from 200 µL of whole blood was successfully separated without hemolysis. When the plasma separation microchip interfaced with a micro-ELISA system was applied to C-reactive protein (CRP) analysis, the CRP concentration obtained by the microchip showed good correlation with that obtained by conventional centrifugation. Total analysis time, including plasma separation, was achieved in only 25 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Aota
- Institute of Microchemical Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213–0012, Japan
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Microchip-based cellular biochemical systems for practical applications and fundamental research: from microfluidics to nanofluidics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:99-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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GAO X, TANAKA Y, SUGII Y, MAWATARI K, KITAMORI T. Basic Structure and Cell Culture Condition of a Bioartificial Renal Tubule on Chip towards a Cell-based Separation Microdevice. ANAL SCI 2011; 27:907-12. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang GAO
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yo TANAKA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN Kobe Institute
| | - Yasuhiko SUGII
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Kazuma MAWATARI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Takehiko KITAMORI
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
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