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Wang Z, Geest ICMVD, Leeuwenburgh SCG, van den Beucken JJJP. Bifunctional bone substitute materials for bone defect treatment after bone tumor resection. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100889. [PMID: 38149015 PMCID: PMC10749907 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggressive benign, malignant and metastatic bone tumors can greatly decrease the quality of patients' lives and even lead to substantial mortality. Several clinical therapeutic strategies have been developed to treat bone tumors, including preoperative chemotherapy, surgical resection of the tumor tissue, and subsequent systemic chemo- or radiotherapy. However, those strategies are associated with inevitable drawbacks, such as severe side effects, substantial local tumor recurrence, and difficult-to-treat bone defects after tumor resection. To overcome these shortcomings and achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes, advanced bifunctional biomaterials which simultaneously promote bone regeneration and combat bone tumor growth are increasingly advocated. These bifunctional bone substitute materials fill bone defects following bone tumor resection and subsequently exert local anticancer effects. Here we describe various types of the most prevalent bone tumors and provide an overview of common treatment options. Subsequently, we review current progress regarding the development of bifunctional bone substitute materials combining osteogenic and anticancer efficacy. To this end, we categorize these biomaterials based on their anticancer mechanism deriving from i) intrinsic biomaterial properties, ii) local drug release of anticancer agents, and iii) oxidative stress-inducing and iv) hyperthermia-inducing biomaterials. Consequently, this review offers researchers, surgeons and oncologists an up-to-date overview of our current knowledge on bone tumors, their treatment options, and design of advanced bifunctional biomaterials with strong potential for clinical application in oncological orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhule Wang
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Dentistry – Regenerative Biomaterials, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid CM van der Geest
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Orthopedics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sander CG. Leeuwenburgh
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Dentistry – Regenerative Biomaterials, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen JJP. van den Beucken
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Dentistry – Regenerative Biomaterials, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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2
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Zhao Z, Peng Y, Shi X, Zhao K. Chitosan derivative composite nanoparticles as adjuvants enhance the cellular immune response via activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Int J Pharm 2023; 636:122847. [PMID: 36933583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan and its derivatives are widely used in vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems. Vaccine antigens encapsulated in or conjugated onto N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan/N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles (N-2-HACC/CMCS NPs) induce strong cellular, humoral, and mucosal immune responses, but the mechanism of action is not fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of composite NPs by upregulating the cGAS-STING signalling pathway to enhance the cellular immune response. We showed that the N-2-HACC/CMCS NPs could be taken up by RAW264.7 cells and produced high levels of IL-6, IL-12p40, and TNF-α. The N-2-HACC/CMCS NPs activated BMDCs, promoted Th1 responses, and enhanced the expression of cGAS, TBK1, IRF3, and STING, as further demonstrated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Moreover, the NP-induced expression of I-IFNs, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in macrophages was closely related to cGAS-STING. These findings provide a reference for chitosan derivative nanomaterials as vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems and demonstrate that N-2-HACC/CMCS NPs can engage the STING-cGAS pathway to trigger the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhao
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Xueao Shi
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China.
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3
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Liao Z, Huang J, Lo PC, Lovell JF, Jin H, Yang K. Self-adjuvanting cancer nanovaccines. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:345. [PMID: 35883176 PMCID: PMC9316869 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanovaccines, a new generation of vaccines that use nanoparticles as carriers and/or adjuvants, have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Nanovaccines have sparked considerable interest in cancer therapy due to a variety of advantages, including improved access to lymph nodes (LN), optimal packing and presentation of antigens, and induction of a persistent anti-tumor immune response. As a delivery system for cancer vaccines, various types of nanoparticles have been designed to facilitate the delivery of antigens and adjuvants to lymphoid organs and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Particularly, some types of nanoparticles are able to confer an immune-enhancing capability and can themselves be utilized for adjuvant-like effect for vaccines, suggesting a direction for a better use of nanomaterials and the optimization of cancer vaccines. However, this role of nanoparticles in vaccines has not been well studied. To further elucidate the role of self-adjuvanting nanovaccines in cancer therapy, we review the mechanisms of antitumor vaccine adjuvants with respect to nanovaccines with self-adjuvanting properties, including enhancing cross-presentation, targeting signaling pathways, biomimicking of the natural invasion process of pathogens, and further unknown mechanisms. We surveyed self-adjuvanting cancer nanovaccines in clinical research and discussed their advantages and challenges. In this review, we classified self-adjuvanting cancer nanovaccines according to the underlying immunomodulatory mechanism, which may provide mechanistic insights into the design of nanovaccines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Liao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jing Huang
- College of Biomedicine and Health and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Honglin Jin
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,College of Biomedicine and Health and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Kunyu Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Lee M, Chun D, Park S, Choi G, Kim Y, Kang SJ, Im SG. Engineering of Surface Energy of Cell-Culture Platform to Enhance the Growth and Differentiation of Dendritic Cells via Vapor-Phase Synthesized Functional Polymer Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106648. [PMID: 35297560 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although the dendritic cell (DC)-based modulation of immune responses has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for tumors, infections, and autoimmune diseases, basic research and therapeutic applications of DCs are hampered by expensive growth factors and sophisticated culture procedures. Furthermore, the platform to drive the differentiation of a certain DC subset without any additional biochemical manipulations has not yet been developed. Here, five types of polymer films with different hydrophobicity via an initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) process to modulate the interactions related to cell-substrate adhesion are introduced. Especially, poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) (pCHMA) substantially enhances the expansion and differentiation of conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1s), the prime DC subset for antigen cross-presentation, and CD8+ T cell activation, by 4.8-fold compared to the conventional protocol. The cDC1s generated from the pCHMA-coated plates retain the bona fide DC functions including the expression of co-stimulatory molecules, cytokine secretion, antigen uptake and processing, T cell activation, and induction of antitumor immune responses. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report highlighting that the modulation of surface hydrophobicity of the culture plate can be an incisive approach to construct an advanced DC culture platform with high efficiency, which potentially facilitates basic research and the development of immunotherapy employing DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Chun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyeon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Goro Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yesol Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Jo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute For NanoCentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Wang X, Dang Q, Liu C, Chang G, Song H, Xu Q, Ma Y, Li B, Zhang B, Cha D. Antibacterial porous sponge fabricated with capric acid-grafted chitosan and oxidized dextran as a novel hemostatic dressing. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118782. [PMID: 34893218 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to fabricate multifunctional hemostatic sponges (C-ODs). Porous C-ODs were first constructed by using capric acid-modified chitosan (CSCA) and oxidized dextrans (ODs) with different oxidation degrees. Batches of experiments showed that (i) CSCA (33.39% of grafting degree), ODs, and C-ODs (100-200 μm in pore size) were synthesized, evidenced by FT-IR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis, hydroxylamine hydrochloride titration, and SEM results; (ii) among C-ODs, C-OD2 had appropriate porosity (85.0%), swelling (20 times its dry weight), absorption, water retention, water vapor transmission, and mechanical properties; (iii) C-OD2 possessed low toxicity (relative cell viability > 86%), low hemolysis rate (0.65%), suitable tissue adhesion (4.74 kPa), and strong antibacterial efficacy (five strains); and (iv) C-OD2's dynamic blood clotting was within 30 s. In three animal injury models, C-OD2's hemostasis time and blood loss were fairly lower than commercial gelatin sponge. Totally, C-OD2 might serve as an ideal hemostatic dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Qifeng Dang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Chengsheng Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Guozhu Chang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Hao Song
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Boyuan Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Bonian Zhang
- Qingdao Aorun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Room 602, Century Mansion, 39 Donghaixi Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Dongsu Cha
- The Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea
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Yu Z, Ding W, Aleem MT, Su J, Liu J, Luo J, Yan R, Xu L, Song X, Li X. Toxoplasma gondii Proteasome Subunit Alpha Type 1 with Chitosan: A Promising Alternative to Traditional Adjuvant. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050752. [PMID: 34069589 PMCID: PMC8161231 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important zoonotic protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has spread around the world, leading to infections in one-third of the population. There is still no effective vaccine or medicine against T. gondii, and recombinant antigens entrapped within nanospheres have benefits over traditional vaccines. In the present study, we first expressed and purified T. gondii proteasome subunit alpha type 1 (TgPSA1), then encapsulated the recombinant TgPSA1 (rTgPSA1) in chitosan nanospheres (CS nanospheres, rTgPSA1/CS nanospheres) and incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA, rTgPSA1/IFA emulsion). Antigens entrapped in CS nanospheres reached an encapsulation efficiency of 67.39%, and rTgPSA1/CS nanospheres showed a more stable release profile compared to rTgPSA1/IFA emulsion in vitro. In vivo, Th1-biased cellular and humoral immune responses were induced in mice and chickens immunized with rTgPSA1/CS nanospheres and rTgPSA1/IFA emulsion, accompanied by promoted production of antibodies, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17, and modulated production of IL-10. Immunization with rTgPSA1/CS nanospheres and rTgPSA1/IFA emulsion conferred significant protection, with prolonged survival time in mice and significantly decreased parasite burden in chickens. Furthermore, our results also indicate that rTgPSA1/CS nanospheres could be used as a substitute for rTgPSA1/IFA emulsion, with the optimal administration route being intramuscular in mass vaccination. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that rTgPSA1/CS nanospheres represent a promising vaccine to protect animals against acute toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Yu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (W.D.); (M.T.A.); (J.S.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Wenxi Ding
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (W.D.); (M.T.A.); (J.S.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Muhammad Tahir Aleem
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (W.D.); (M.T.A.); (J.S.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Junzhi Su
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (W.D.); (M.T.A.); (J.S.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Junlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (J.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (J.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Ruofeng Yan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (W.D.); (M.T.A.); (J.S.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Lixin Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (W.D.); (M.T.A.); (J.S.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiaokai Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (W.D.); (M.T.A.); (J.S.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiangrui Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (W.D.); (M.T.A.); (J.S.); (R.Y.); (L.X.); (X.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-025-84399000
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Lima BV, Oliveira MJ, Barbosa MA, Gonçalves RM, Castro F. Immunomodulatory potential of chitosan-based materials for cancer therapy: a systematic review of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3209-3227. [PMID: 33949372 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01984d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (Ch) has recently been used in different studies as a vaccine adjuvant with an ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). This systematic review aims to elucidate the added value of using Ch-based therapies for immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer treatment, through the exploration of different Ch-based formulations, their capacity to modulate immune cells in vitro and in vivo, and their translational potential for clinical settings. A systematic review was conducted on PubMed, following both inclusion and exclusion steps. Original articles which focused on the immunomodulatory role of Ch-based formulations in the TME were included, as well as its usage as a delivery vehicle for other immunomodulatory molecules. This review illustrates the added value of Ch-based systems to reshape the TME, through the modulation of immune cells using different Ch formulations, namely solutions, films, gels, microneedles and nanoparticles. Generally, Ch-based formulations increase the recruitment and proliferation of cells associated with pro-inflammatory abilities and decrease cells which exert anti-inflammatory activities. These effects correlated with a decreased tumor weight, reduced metastases, reversion of the immunosuppressive TME and increased survival in vivo. Overall, Ch-based formulations present the potential for immunotherapy in cancer. Nevertheless, clinical translation remains challenging, since the majority of the studies use Ch in formulations with other components, implicating that some of the observed effects could result from the combination of the individual effects. More studies on the use of different Ch-based formulations, complementary to standardization and disclosure of the Ch properties used are required to improve the immunomodulatory effects of Ch-based formulations in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz V Lima
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J Oliveira
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel M Gonçalves
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Flávia Castro
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Shi GN, Hu M, Chen C, Fu J, Shao S, Zhou Y, Wu L, Zhang T. Methotrexate enhances antigen presentation and maturation of tumour antigen-loaded dendritic cells through NLRP3 inflammasome activation: a strategy for dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2021; 13:1758835920987056. [PMID: 33613696 PMCID: PMC7841859 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920987056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that play a pivotal role in adaptive cell-mediated immunity by priming and activating T cells against specific tumour and pathogenic antigens. Methotrexate (MTX), a folate derivative, functions as an immunoregulatory agent. However, the possible effect of MTX on tumour antigen-loaded DCs has not yet been investigated. Methods: We analysed the effect of MTX on the maturation and function of DCs along with tumour cell lysates (TCLs). Using bone marrow-derived DCs, we investigated the effect of MTX combined TCL-loaded DCs on T cells priming and proliferation. We also tested the anti-tumour immune effect on DCs when treated with MTX and/or TCL in vivo. Results: MTX combined with TCL not only enhanced DC maturation and stimulated cytokine release but also promoted CD8+ T cell activation and proliferation. The latter was associated with increased tumour antigen uptake and cross-presentation to T cells. Mechanistically, DC maturation and antigen presentation were partly modulated by NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, immunisation of mice with MTX and TCL-pulsed DCs before a tumour challenge significantly delayed tumour onset and retarded its growth. This protective effect was due to priming of IFN-γ releasing CD8+ T cells and enhanced killing of tumour cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes isolated from these immunised mice. Conclusion: MTX can function as a potent adjuvant in DC vaccines by increasing antigen presentation and T cell priming. Our findings provide a new strategy for the application of DC-based anti-tumour immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Na Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junmin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Room 216, Beijing, 100050, China
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9
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Lampe AT, Farris EJ, Brown DM, Pannier AK. High- and low-molecular-weight chitosan act as adjuvants during single-dose influenza A virus protein vaccination through distinct mechanisms. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:1224-1243. [PMID: 33289090 PMCID: PMC7897297 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of new adjuvants is essential for the development of efficacious vaccines. Chitosan (CS), a derivative of chitin, has been shown to act as an adjuvant, improving vaccine-induced immune responses. However, the effect of CS molecular weight (MW) on this adjuvanticity has not been investigated, despite MW having been shown to impact CS biological properties. Here, two MW variants of CS were investigated for their ability to enhance vaccine-elicited immune responses in vitro and in vivo, using a single-dose influenza A virus (IAV) protein vaccine model. Both low-molecular-weight (LMW) and high-molecular-weight (HMW) CS-induced interferon regulatory factor pathway signaling, antigen-presenting cell activation, and cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) production, with LMW inducing higher mRNA levels at 24 h and HMW elevating mRNA responses at 48 h. LMW and HMW CS also induced adaptive immune responses after vaccination, indicated by enhanced immunoglobulin G production in mice receiving LMW CS and increased CD4 interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-2 production in mice receiving HMW CS. Importantly, both LMW and HMW CS adjuvantation reduced morbidity following homologous IAV challenge. Taken together, these results support that LMW and HMW CS can act as adjuvants, although this protection may be mediated through distinct mechanisms based on CS MW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna T Lampe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Eric J Farris
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Deborah M Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY, USA
| | - Angela K Pannier
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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10
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Shields CW, Wang LLW, Evans MA, Mitragotri S. Materials for Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901633. [PMID: 31250498 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Breakthroughs in materials engineering have accelerated the progress of immunotherapy in preclinical studies. The interplay of chemistry and materials has resulted in improved loading, targeting, and release of immunomodulatory agents. An overview of the materials that are used to enable or improve the success of immunotherapies in preclinical studies is presented, from immunosuppressive to proinflammatory strategies, with particular emphasis on technologies poised for clinical translation. The materials are organized based on their characteristic length scale, whereby the enabling feature of each technology is organized by the structure of that material. For example, the mechanisms by which i) nanoscale materials can improve targeting and infiltration of immunomodulatory payloads into tissues and cells, ii) microscale materials can facilitate cell-mediated transport and serve as artificial antigen-presenting cells, and iii) macroscale materials can form the basis of artificial microenvironments to promote cell infiltration and reprogramming are discussed. As a step toward establishing a set of design rules for future immunotherapies, materials that intrinsically activate or suppress the immune system are reviewed. Finally, a brief outlook on the trajectory of these systems and how they may be improved to address unsolved challenges in cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wyatt Shields
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Lily Li-Wen Wang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael A Evans
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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Huang X, Chen M, Wu H, Jiao Y, Zhou C. Macrophage Polarization Mediated by Chitooligosaccharide (COS) and Associated Osteogenic and Angiogenic Activities. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:1614-1629. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanpeng Jiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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12
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Zhu FJ, Tong YL, Sheng ZY, Yao YM. Role of dendritic cells in the host response to biomaterials and their signaling pathways. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:132-144. [PMID: 31108257 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to enhance, inhibit, or qualitatively modulate immune responses are important for diverse biomedical applications such as vaccine adjuvant, drug delivery, immunotherapy, cell transplant, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. However, the clinical efficiency of these biomaterial systems is affected by the limited understanding of their interaction with complex host microenvironments, for example, excessive foreign body reaction and immunotoxicity. Biomaterials and biomedical devices implanted in the body may induce a highly complicated and orchestrated series of host responses. As macrophages are among the first cells to infiltrate and respond to implanted biomaterials, the macrophage-mediated host response to biomaterials has been well studied. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells that activate naive T cells and bridge innate and adaptive immunity. The potential interaction of DCs with biomaterials appears to be critical for exerting the function of biomaterials and has become an important, developing area of investigation. Herein, we summarize the effects of the physicochemical properties of biomaterials on the immune function of DCs together with their receptors and signaling pathways. This review might provide a complete understanding of the interaction of DCs with biomaterials and serve as a reference for the design and selection of biomaterials with particular effects on targeted cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomaterials implanted in the body are increasingly applied in clinical practice. The performance of these implanted biomaterials is largely dependent on their interaction with the host immune system. As antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) directly interact with biomaterials through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognizing "biomaterial-associated molecular patterns" and generate a battery of immune responses. In this review, the physicochemical properties of biomaterials that regulate the immune function of DCs together with their receptors and signaling pathways of biomaterial-DC interactions are summarized and discussed. We believe that knowledge of the interplay of DC and biomaterials may spur clinical translation by guiding the design and selection of biomaterials with particular effects on targeted cell for tissue engineering, vaccine delivery, and cancer therapy.
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Castro F, Pinto ML, Almeida R, Pereira F, Silva AM, Pereira CL, Santos SG, Barbosa MA, Gonçalves RM, Oliveira MJ. Chitosan/poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles incorporating IFN-γ for immune response modulation in the context of colorectal cancer. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:3386-3403. [PMID: 31233057 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00393b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IFN-γ therapy has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of chronic granulomatous disease and severe malignant osteopetrosis. Despite the promising IFN-γ-based therapeutic applications, its limited success in clinical trials is related with limitations inherent to its molecular properties and with the difficulties to deliver it locally or with adequate periodicity to achieve a therapeutic effect. We have previously shown that chitosan (Ch)/poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) nanoparticles (NPs) are immunostimulatory, impairing colorectal cancer cell invasion. Ch is a biocompatible cationic polysaccharide extensively studied and already approved for biomedical applications while γ-PGA is a poly(amino acid), biodegradable and negatively charged. Here, we evaluated the potential of Ch/γ-PGA NPs as vehicles for IFN-γ and their ability to modulate immune cells' phenotype. In this study, Ch/IFN-γ/γ-PGA nanoparticles (IFN-γ-NPs) prepared by a co-acervation method, presenting a size of approximately 180 nm and a low polydispersity index, were tested for their immunomodulatory activity. These IFN-γ-NPs induced an immunostimulatory profile on dendritic cells (DCs) with increased cell surface costimulatory molecules and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-12p40 and TNF-α. IFN-γ-NPs also modulated the IL-10-stimulated macrophage profile, increasing their ability to secrete the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12p40 and TNF-α. Concomitantly, these phenotypic alterations enhanced T cell proliferation. In addition, the ability of DCs and macrophages to induce colorectal cancer cell invasion was hampered in the presence of IFN-γ-NPs. Although the major observations were mediated by Ch/γ-PGA NPs, the incorporation of IFN-γ into NPs potentiated the expression of CD40 and CD86, and the impairment of colorectal cancer cell invasion. This work bridges the previously reported immunostimulatory capacity of Ch/γ-PGA NPs with their potential as carriers for immunomodulatory molecules, like IFN-γ, opening new avenues for their use in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Castro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. and ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta L Pinto
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. and CNC - Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Almeida
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Flávia Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. and CBMA - Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia M Silva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. and ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina L Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. and ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana G Santos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. and ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. and ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel M Gonçalves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria J Oliveira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. and Departamento de Patologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Yum S, Li M, Frankel AE, Chen ZJ. Roles of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Cancer Immunosurveillance and Immunotherapy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY-SERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030518-055636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic DNA sensor that initiates innate immune responses. DNA-bound cGAS produces cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to induce inflammatory cytokines and other immune mediators. cGAS detects DNA without sequence specificity and responds to both cytosolic foreign DNA from pathogens and self-DNA leaked into the cytosol due to genome instability or cellular damage. Because of the diverse sources of cytosolic DNA, the cGAS-STING pathway plays a critical role during infection, autoimmune diseases, and senescence. Moreover, cGAS detects tumor-derived DNA and stimulates endogenous antitumor immunity. Thus, the cGAS-STING pathway is a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in various diseases and highlight various approaches targeting the cGAS-STING pathway for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyun Yum
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Minghao Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Arthur E. Frankel
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604, USA
| | - Zhijian J. Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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15
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Zhao H, Yang J, Qian Q, Wu M, Li M, Xu W. Mesenteric CD103 +DCs Initiate Switched Coxsackievirus B3 VP1-Specific IgA Response to Intranasal Chitosan-DNA Vaccine Through Secreting BAFF/IL-6 and Promoting Th17/Tfh Differentiation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2986. [PMID: 30619341 PMCID: PMC6305319 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intranasal chitosan-formulated DNA vaccination promotes IgA secretion in the intestine. However, the mechanism whereby chitosan-DNA skews IgA class switch recombination (CSR) of B cells in the Gut-associated lymph tissue (GALT) is not fully resolved. In this study, we investigated the effects of nasally administered chitosan-DNA (pcDNA3.1-VP1 plasmid encoding VP1 capsid protein of Coxsackievirus B3) on IgA production, DC activation and Tfh/Th17 response in the intestine. Compared to DNA immunization, intranasal chitosan-DNA vaccination induced antigen-specific IgA production in feces, a pronounced switching of antigen-specific IgA+ plasmablast B cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and an enhanced expression of post-recombination Iα-CH transcripts/IgA germline transcript (αGT) as well as activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in MLN B cells. MLN Tfh frequency was markedly enhanced by chitosan-DNA, and was associated with VP1-specific IgA titer. 24 h after immunization, intranasal chitosan-DNA induced a recruitment of CD103+DCs into the MLN that paralleled a selective loss of CD103+DCs in the lamina propria (LP). In vivo activated MLN-derived CD103+DCs produced high levels of IL-6 and BAFF in response to chitosan-DNA, which up-regulated transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI) expression on MLN B cells. Upon co-culture with IgM+B in the presence of chitosan-DNA, MLN CD103+DCs induced IgA production in a T-dependent manner; and this IgA-promoting effect of CD103+DC was blocked by targeting TACI and, to a lower extent, by blocking IL-6. MLN CD103+DCs displayed an enhanced capacity to induce an enhanced CD4+Th17 response in vivo and in vitro, and IL-17A deficient mice had a pronounced reduction of specific intestinal IgA following immunization. Taken together, mesenteric CD103+DCs are indispensable for the adjuvant activity of chitosan in enhancing DNA vaccine-specific IgA switching in gut through activating BAFF-TACI and IL-6-IL-6R signaling, and through inducing Th17/Tfh differentiation in the MLN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Manli Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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16
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Jesus S, Soares E, Borchard G, Borges O. Adjuvant Activity of Poly-ε-caprolactone/Chitosan Nanoparticles Characterized by Mast Cell Activation and IFN-γ and IL-17 Production. Mol Pharm 2017; 15:72-82. [PMID: 29160080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are extremely attractive vaccine adjuvants, able to promote antigen delivery and in some instances, exert intrinsic immunostimulatory properties that enhance antigen specific humoral and cellular immune responses. The poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)/chitosan NPs were designed with the aim of being able to combine the properties of the 2 polymers in the preparation of an adjuvant for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). This article reports important results of an in vitro mechanistic study and immunization studies with HBsAg associated with different concentrations of the nanoparticles. The results revealed that PCL/chitosan NPs promoted mast cell (MC) activation (β-hexosaminidase release) and that its adjuvant effect is not mediated by the TNF-α secretion. Moreover, we demonstrated that HBsAg loaded PCL/chitosan NPs, administered through the subcutaneous (SC) route, were able to induce higher specific antibody titers without increasing IgE when compared to a commercial vaccine, and that the IgG titers are nanoparticle-dose dependent. The results also revealed the NPs' capability to promote a cellular immune response against HBsAg, characterized by the production of IFN-γ and IL-17. These results demonstrated that PCL/chitosan NPs are a good hepatitis B antigen adjuvant, with direct influence on the intensity and type of the immune response generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jesus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Edna Soares
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gerrit Borchard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Unssssiversity of Lausanne , 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olga Borges
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Castro F, Pinto ML, Silva AM, Pereira CL, Teixeira GQ, Gomez-Lazaro M, Santos SG, Barbosa MA, Gonçalves RM, Oliveira MJ. Pro-inflammatory chitosan/poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles modulate human antigen-presenting cells phenotype and revert their pro-invasive capacity. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:96-109. [PMID: 28919508 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer immune responses depend on efficient presentation of tumor antigens and co-stimulatory signals provided by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). However, it is described that immature dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages at the tumor site may have an immunosuppressive profile, which limits the activity of effector T cells and supports tumor progression. Therapeutic targeting of these innate immune cells, either aiming at their elimination or re-polarization towards an immunostimulatory profile, has been pointed as an attractive approach to control tumor progression. In the present work, we assessed the potential of Chitosan (Ch)/Poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) nanoparticles (NPs) to modulate macrophages and DCs inflammatory profile and to impair their ability to promote cancer cell invasion. Interestingly, Ch/γ-PGA NPs, prepared by co-acervation method, induced an immunostimulatory DCs phenotype, enhancing the expression of the co-stimulatory molecules CD86, CD40 and HLA-DR, and the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-12p40 and IL-6. Furthermore, Ch/γ-PGA NPs re-educated IL-10-stimulated macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory profile, decreasing the expression of CD163 and promoting the secretion of IL-12p40 and TNF-α. These alterations in the immune cells phenotype promoted CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation/proliferation and partially inhibited APCs' ability to induce colorectal cancer cell invasion. Overall, our findings open new perspectives on the use of Ch/γ-PGA NPs as an immunomodulatory therapy for antigen-presenting cells reprogramming, providing a new tool for anticancer therapies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The immune system is responsible to detect and destroy abnormal cells preventing the development of cancer. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment can compromise the immune response favoring tumor progression. Thus, immune system modulation towards an immunostimulatory profile can improve anticancer therapies. This research focus on the development of chitosan/poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles (NPs) to modulate human antigen-presenting cells (APCs) phenotype and to counteract their pro-invasive capacity. Interestingly, Ch/γ-PGA NPs had a prominent effect in inducing macrophages and dendritic cells immunostimulatory phenotype, thus favoring T cell proliferation and inhibiting colorectal cancer cell invasion. We propose that their combination with other immunomodulatory drugs or conventional anticancer therapies can improve patients' outcome.
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Speth MT, Repnik U, Griffiths G. Layer-by-layer nanocoating of live Bacille-Calmette-Guérin mycobacteria with poly(I:C) and chitosan enhances pro-inflammatory activation and bactericidal capacity in murine macrophages. Biomaterials 2016; 111:1-12. [PMID: 27716523 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major disease burden globally causing more than 1.5 million deaths per year. The attenuated live vaccine strain Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), although providing protection against childhood TB, is largely ineffective against adult pulmonary TB. A major aim therefore is to increase the potency of the BCG vaccine to generate stronger and more sustained immunity against TB. Here, we investigated the use of layer-by-layer (LbL) nanocoating of the surface of live BCG with several layers of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), a strong inducer of cell-mediated immunity, and the biodegradable polysaccharide chitosan to enhance BCG immunogenicity. Nanocoating of live BCG did not affect bacterial viability or growth in vitro but induced killing of the BCG in infected mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and enhanced macrophage production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and expression of surface co-stimulatory molecules relative to uncoated BCG. In addition, poly(I:C) surface-coated BCG, but not BCG alone or together with soluble poly(I:C), induced high production of nitric oxide (NO) and IL-12. These results argue that BCG and surface absorbed poly(I:C) act in a synergistic manner to elicit pro-inflammatory macrophage activation. In conclusion, nanocoating of live BCG with the immunostimulatory agent poly(I:C) may be an appropriate strategy to enhance and modulate host responses to the BCG vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tobias Speth
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Urska Repnik
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gareth Griffiths
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway.
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Chu X, Li Y, Long Q, Xia Y, Yao Y, Sun W, Huang W, Yang X, Liu C, Ma Y. Chimeric HBcAg virus-like particles presenting a HPV 16 E7 epitope significantly suppressed tumor progression through preventive or therapeutic immunization in a TC-1-grafted mouse model. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:2417-29. [PMID: 27313455 PMCID: PMC4892837 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are currently being developed. However, no therapeutic efficacy has been achieved in clinical trials for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer. One of the important issues in increasing vaccine efficacy is determining the best way to enhance tumor antigen-specific cellular immune responses. This study aimed to explore the virus-like particles (VLPs) of hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) as potential therapeutic vaccine carriers and to assess its immunological characteristics. Methods Chimeric VLPs presenting a HPV 16 cytotoxic T lymphocytes epitope E749–57 (amino acid 49–57 of the E7 protein) were prepared using recombinant genes. C57BL/6 mice were immunized with VLPs and grafted with tumor cells TC-1 which is an E7-expressing tumorigenic cell line. The dynamic tumor growth was monitored and anti-tumor immune responses were investigated. Results Using a preventive strategy, immunization with VLPs resulted in nearly complete suppression of tumor growth. In treatment studies, VLP immunization significantly suppressed the tumor progression in mice carrying 2–3 mm tumors and in those bearing even larger tumors with diameters up to 8–9 mm. The VLP structure was shown to be important to induce vigorous antitumor immunity and effects. In immunized mice, enhanced E749–57-specific cellular immune responses were evidenced by increased interferon (IFN)-γ expression and decreased interleukin (IL)-4 expression in splenic lymphocytes, as well as an elevated number of effector cells expressing IFN-γ in response to the in vitro stimulation of the specific peptide E749–57. In addition, effective immune memory after VLP immunization was maintained for at least 16 weeks, preventing significant tumor growth after subsequent TC-1 challenge. Conclusion While VLPs were highly immunogenic in stimulating humoral immunity, our results strongly indicated that VLPs, such as HBcAg particles, might also be potent therapeutic vaccine carriers to elicit robust cellular immune responses, even in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of a tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Long
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Xia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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The Vaccine Adjuvant Chitosan Promotes Cellular Immunity via DNA Sensor cGAS-STING-Dependent Induction of Type I Interferons. Immunity 2016; 44:597-608. [PMID: 26944200 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The cationic polysaccharide chitosan is an attractive candidate adjuvant capable of driving potent cell-mediated immunity, but the mechanism by which it acts is not clear. We show that chitosan promotes dendritic cell maturation by inducing type I interferons (IFNs) and enhances antigen-specific T helper 1 (Th1) responses in a type I IFN receptor-dependent manner. The induction of type I IFNs, IFN-stimulated genes and dendritic cell maturation by chitosan required the cytoplasmic DNA sensor cGAS and STING, implicating this pathway in dendritic cell activation. Additionally, this process was dependent on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and the presence of cytoplasmic DNA. Chitosan-mediated enhancement of antigen specific Th1 and immunoglobulin G2c responses following vaccination was dependent on both cGAS and STING. These findings demonstrate that a cationic polymer can engage the STING-cGAS pathway to trigger innate and adaptive immune responses.
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Frede A, Neuhaus B, Klopfleisch R, Walker C, Buer J, Müller W, Epple M, Westendorf AM. Colonic gene silencing using siRNA-loaded calcium phosphate/PLGA nanoparticles ameliorates intestinal inflammation in vivo. J Control Release 2016; 222:86-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Three-dimensional dynamic fabrication of engineered cartilage based on chitosan/gelatin hybrid hydrogel scaffold in a spinner flask with a special designed steel frame. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 55:384-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Lin C, Liu D, Luo W, Liu Y, Zhu M, Li X, Liu M. Functionalization of chitosan via single electron transfer living radical polymerization in an ionic liquid and its antimicrobial activity. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiang Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education of China; Qilu University of Technology; Jinan, Shandong 250353 China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Materials Advanced Technology (Fuzhou University); Fujian Province University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Danhui Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Moshuqi Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Materials Advanced Technology (Fuzhou University); Fujian Province University; Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
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24
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Mulens-Arias V, Rojas JM, Pérez-Yagüe S, Morales MP, Barber DF. Polyethylenimine-coated SPIONs trigger macrophage activation through TLR-4 signaling and ROS production and modulate podosome dynamics. Biomaterials 2015; 52:494-506. [PMID: 25818455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylenimine (PEI) is widely used as transfection agent in preclinical studies, both in vitro and in vivo. Due to their unique chemical and physical properties, SPIONs (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) have been thoroughly studied as nanocarriers. PEI appears to activate different immune cells to an inflammatory response (M1/TH1), whereas the SPION-induced response seems to be context-dependent; the immunogenicity of the combination of these components has not been studied. Here we show that PEI-coated SPIONs (PMag) activate macrophages, as determined by measuring IL-12 secretion into culture medium and upregulation of several genes linked to the M1 phenotype. PMag-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, p44/p42 MAPK and JNK, and upregulation of CD40, CD80, CD86 and I-A/I-E activation markers. PMag-induced macrophage activation depended partially on TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) signaling. Comparison of these responses with the LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-induced phenotype showed differences in gene expression profiling. PMag positively modulated podosome formation in murine macrophages, but hampered gelatin degradation by these cells. In conclusion, PMag induced an M1-like phenotype that was partially dependent on both TLR4 and ROS. These results show the adjuvant potential of PMag and suggest their use in vaccination schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Mulens-Arias
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Rojas
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Pérez-Yagüe
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María P Morales
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioinspired Materials, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM)/CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo F Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingli Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
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