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Liu X, Chen S, Huang J, Du Y, Luo Z, Zhang Y, Liu L, Chen Y. Synthetic polypeptides inhibit nucleic acid-induced inflammation in autoimmune diseases by disrupting multivalent TLR9 binding to LL37-DNA bundles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01759-2. [PMID: 39160338 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Complexes of extracellular nucleic acids (NAs) with endogenous proteins or peptides, such as LL37, break immune balance and cause autoimmune diseases, whereas NAs with arginine-enriched peptides do not. Inspired by this, we synthesize a polyarginine nanoparticle PEG-TK-NPArg, which effectively inhibits Toll-like receptor-9 (TLR9) activation, in contrast to LL37. To explore the discrepancy effect of PEG-TK-NPArg and LL37, we evaluate the periodic structure of PEG-TK-NPArg-NA and LL37-NA complexes using small-angle X-ray scattering. LL37-NA complexes have a larger inter-NA spacing that accommodates TLR9, while the inter-NA spacing in PEG-TK-NPArg-NA complexes mismatches with the cavity of TLR9, thus inhibiting an interaction with multiple TLR9s, limiting their clustering and damping immune induction. Subsequently, the inhibitory inflammation effect of PEG-TK-NPArg is proved in an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. This work on how the scavenger-NA complexes inhibit the immune response may facilitate proof-of-concept research translating to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibo Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lixin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.
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2
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Li S, Huo C, Liu A, Zhu Y. Mitochondria: a breakthrough in combating rheumatoid arthritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1439182. [PMID: 39161412 PMCID: PMC11330793 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1439182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As a chronic autoimmune disease with complex aetiology, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been demonstrated to be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction since mitochondrial dysfunction can affect the survival, activation, and differentiation of immune and non-immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of RA. Nevertheless, the mechanism behind mitochondrial dysfunction in RA remains uncertain. Accordingly, this review addresses the possible role and mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in RA and discusses the potential and challenges of mitochondria as a potential therapeutic strategy for RA, thereby providing a breakthrough point in the prevention and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Graduate School of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenlu Huo
- Graduate School of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anting Liu
- Graduate School of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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3
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Li Y, Liu W, Wang Y, Liu T, Feng Y. Nanotechnology-Mediated Immunomodulation Strategy for Inflammation Resolution. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401384. [PMID: 39039994 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation serves as a common characteristic across a wide range of diseases and plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. Inflammation can lead to tissue damage and the onset of inflammatory diseases. Although significant progress is made in anti-inflammation in recent years, the current clinical approaches mainly rely on the systemic administration of corticosteroids and antibiotics, which only provide short-term relief. Recently, immunomodulatory approaches have emerged as promising strategies for facilitating the resolution of inflammation. Especially, the advanced nanosystems with unique biocompatibility and multifunctionality have provided an ideal platform for immunomodulation. In this review, the pathophysiology of inflammation and current therapeutic strategies are summarized. It is mainly focused on the nanomedicines that modulate the inflammatory signaling pathways, inflammatory cells, oxidative stress, and inflammation targeting. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of nanomaterials in addressing inflammation are also discussed. The nanotechnology-mediated immunomodulation will open a new treatment strategy for inflammation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yuanchao Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatic Fibrosis and Molecular Diagnosis & Treatment, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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Wang Y, Liu J, Tong C, Li L, Cui H, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhang S, Zhou K, Lan X, Chen Q, Zhao Y. Gene therapy by virus-like self-spooling toroidal DNA condensates for revascularization of hindlimb ischemia. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:413. [PMID: 39004736 PMCID: PMC11247739 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) have been reported to be the leading cause for limb amputations, and the current therapeutic strategies including antiplatelet medication or intervene surgery are reported to not clinically benefit the patients with high-grade PAD. To this respect, revascularization based on angiogenetic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene therapy was attempted for the potential treatment of critical PAD. Aiming for transcellular delivery of VEGF-encoding plasmid DNA (pDNA), we proposed to elaborate intriguing virus-like DNA condensates, wherein the supercoiled rigid micrometer-scaled plasmid DNA (pDNA) could be regulated in an orderly fashion into well-defined nano-toroids by following a self-spooling process with the aid of cationic block copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-polylysine at an extraordinary ionic strength (NaCl: 600 mM). Moreover, reversible disulfide crosslinking was proposed between the polylysine segments with the aim of stabilizing these intriguing toroidal condensates. Pertaining to the critical hindlimb ischemia, our proposed toroidal VEGF-encoding pDNA condensates demonstrated high levels of VEGF expression at the dosage sites, which consequently contributed to the neo-vasculature (the particularly abundant formation of micro-vessels in the injected hindlimb), preventing the hindlimb ischemia from causing necrosis at the extremities. Moreover, excellent safety profiles have been demonstrated by our proposed toroidal condensates, as opposed to the apparent immunogenicity of the naked pDNA. Hence, our proposed virus-like DNA condensates herald potentials as gene therapy platform in persistent expressions of the therapeutic proteins, and might consequently be highlighted in the management of a variety of intractable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Medical Engineering for Gastrointestinal Carcinoma, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing City, 100084, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China
| | - Changgui Tong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Hongyang Cui
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China
| | - Liuwei Zhang
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China
| | - Shijia Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Kehui Zhou
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Xiabin Lan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
| | - Qixian Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Medical Engineering for Gastrointestinal Carcinoma, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China.
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314100, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China.
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Medical Engineering for Gastrointestinal Carcinoma, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110042, China.
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Zhu H, Huang D, Wang J, Zhao Y, Sun L. Viral Mimicking Polyplexes as Hierarchical Unpacking Vectors for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402888. [PMID: 38923874 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Nano-delivery systems hold great promise for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Current research efforts are primarily focused on enhancing their targeting capabilities and efficacy. Here, this study proposes a novel viral-mimicking ternary polyplexes system for the controlled delivery of the anti-inflammatory drug Cyclosporin A (CsA) to effectively treat RA. The ternary polyplexes consist of a nanogel core loaded with CsA and a hyaluronic acid shell, which facilitates CD44-mediated targeting. By mimicking the Trojan Horse strategy employed by viruses, these polyplexes undergo a stepwise process of deshielding and disintegration within the inflamed joints. This process leads to the release of CsA within the cells and the scavenging of pathogenic factors. This study demonstrates that these viral-mimicking ternary polyplexes exhibit rapid targeting, high accumulation, and prolonged persistence in the joints of RA mice. As a result, they effectively reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms. These results highlight the potential of viral-mimicking ternary polyplexes as a promising therapeutic approach for the targeted and programmed delivery of drugs to treat not only RA but also other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofang Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Danqing Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
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6
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Feng Y, Wei C, Gu Y, Zhang H, Liu L, Chen Y, Zhao T. pH-sensitive cationic nanoparticles for endosomal cell-free DNA scavenging against acute inflammation. J Control Release 2024; 369:88-100. [PMID: 38471640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) released from dead cells could be a player in some autoimmune disorders by activating Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and inducing proinflammatory cytokines. Cationic nanoparticles (cNPs) address cfDNA clearance, yet challenges persist, including toxicity, low specificity and ineffectiveness against endocytosed cfDNA. This study introduced pH-sensitive cNPs, reducing off-target effects and binding cfDNA at inflammatory sites. This unique approach inhibits the TLR9 pathway, offering a novel strategy for inflammation modulation. Synthesized cNPs, with distinct cationic moieties, exhibit varied pKa values, enhancing cfDNA binding. Comprehensive studies elucidate the mechanism, demonstrating minimal extracellular binding, enhanced endosomal DNA binding, and optimal tumor necrosis factor-α suppression. In a traumatic brain injury mice model, pH-sensitive cNPs effectively suppress inflammatory cytokines, highlighting their potential in acute inflammation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Cong Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yanrong Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Zheng X, Yang H, Zhang Z, Liang X, Liu Y, Wang C, Yang X, Tang J, Mao J, Nie Y, Zhou X, Li C. pH-responsive size-adjustable liposomes induce apoptosis of fibroblasts and macrophages for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Acta Biomater 2024; 179:256-271. [PMID: 38484831 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), macrophages infiltrate joints, while fibroblast-like synovial cells proliferate abnormally, forming a barrier against drug delivery, which hinders effective drug delivery to joint focus. Here we firstly designed a pH-responsive size-adjustable nanoparticle, composed by methotrexate (MTX)-human serum albumin (HSA) complex coating with pH-responsive liposome (Lipo/MTX-HSA) for delivering drugs specifically to inflamed joints in acidic environments. We showed in vitro that the nanoparticles can induce mitochondrial dysfunction, promote apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes and macrophages, further reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-9), and regulate the inflammatory microenvironment. We also demonstrated similar effects in a rat model of arthritis, in which Lipo/MTX-HSA accumulated in arthritic joints, and at low pH, liposome phospholipid bilayer cleavage released small-sized MTX-HSA, which effectively reduced the number of fibroblast-synoviocytes and macrophages in joints, alleviated joint inflammation, and repaired bone erosion. These findings suggest that microenvironment-responsive size-adjustable nanoparticles show promise as a treatment against rheumatoid arthritis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Abnormal proliferation of fibroblast synoviocytes poses a physical barrier to effective nanoparticle delivery. We designed size-adjustable nano-delivery systems by preparing liposomes with cholesterol hemisuccinate (CHEM), which were subsequently loaded with small-sized albumin nanoparticles encapsulating the cytotoxic drug MTX (MTX-HSA), termed Lipo/MTX-HSA. Upon tail vein injection, Lipo/MTX-HSA could be aggregated at the site of inflammation via the ELVIS effect in the inflamed joint microenvironment. Specifically, intracellular acidic pH-triggered dissociation of liposomes promoted the release of MTX-HSA, which was further targeted to fibroblasts or across fibroblasts to macrophages to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that liposomes with adjustable particle size achieved efficient drug delivery, penetration and retention in joint sites; the strategy exerted significant anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction to promote apoptosis in fibrosynoviocytes and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Drug laboratory, Department of pharmacy, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Zongquan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xiaoya Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Analysis and Testing Center, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jingying Mao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yu Nie
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Disease, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Disease, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
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8
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Mao K, Wang J, Xie Q, Yang YG, Shen S, Sun T, Wang J. Cationic nanoparticles-based approaches for immune tolerance induction in vivo. J Control Release 2024; 366:425-447. [PMID: 38154540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The development of autoimmune diseases and the rejection of transplanted organs are primarily caused by an exaggerated immune response to autoantigens or graft antigens. Achieving immune tolerance is crucial for the effective treatment of these conditions. However, traditional therapies often have limited therapeutic efficacy and can result in systemic toxic effects. The emergence of nanomedicine offers a promising avenue for addressing immune-related diseases. Among the various nanoparticle formulations, cationic nanoparticles have demonstrated significant potential in inducing immune tolerance. In this review, we provide an overview of the underlying mechanism of autoimmune disease and organ transplantation rejection. We then highlight the recent advancements and advantages of utilizing cationic nanoparticles for inducing immune tolerance in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and the prevention of transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuirong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jialiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qianyue Xie
- Huafu International Department, Affiliated High School of South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Song Shen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China; State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovatiion Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Liu S, Liu M, Xiu J, Zhang T, Zhang B, Cun D, Yang C, Li K, Zhang J, Zhao X. Celastrol-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles target inflamed neutrophils for improved rheumatoid arthritis therapy. Acta Biomater 2024; 174:345-357. [PMID: 38013018 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory neutrophils (INEs), motivated by cytokines, continue to migrate into the inflamed joints, driving the development of RA. Hence, inducing apoptosis of INEs to reduce recruitment at inflamed joints is an effective strategy for the treatment of RA. However, simply apoptotic INEs may trigger the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and accelerate the inflammatory process. To overcome these drawbacks, an RGD-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles (CBR NPs) was fabricated to selectively target INEs in situ for intracellular delivery of CLT. Studies have demonstrated that CBR NPs can selectively target circulating INEs and induce INEs apoptosis. Meanwhile, CBR NPs inhibited the activation of NETs via NF-κB pathway and the release of Cit-H3 thereby blocking the release process of NETs. In collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, CBR NPs suppressed the inflammatory response, and reduced the toxic effects of CLT. In summary, this study shed light on an innovative approach to treat RA by inducing apoptosis of circulating INEs and inhibiting NETs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: RGD-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles for delivering celastrol, abbreviated as CBR NPs, were constructed to inhibit the infiltration of circulating inflammatory neutrophils (INEs) into inflamed joints while inhibiting the release of NETs to alleviate tissue damage. CBR NPs were prepared for the first time to induce apoptosis of INEs; CBR NPs could inhibit the release of NETs while inducing apoptosis of INEs in vivo and vitro cellular experiments; CBR NPs had favorable anti-inflammatory effects and low toxicity side-effects in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse models. The application of nanotechnology to induce apoptosis of INEs while inhibiting the release of NETs was a promising approach for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China
| | - Jingya Xiu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China
| | - Tian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China
| | - Dongyun Cun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, PR China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515000, PR China
| | - Kexin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China
| | - Jiulong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China.
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China.
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10
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Zhu Z, Lu H, Jin L, Gao Y, Qian Z, Lu P, Tong W, Lo PK, Mao Z, Shi H. C-176 loaded Ce DNase nanoparticles synergistically inhibit the cGAS-STING pathway for ischemic stroke treatment. Bioact Mater 2023; 29:230-240. [PMID: 37502677 PMCID: PMC10371767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroinflammatory responses following ischemic stroke cause irreversible nerve cell death. Cell free-double strand DNA (dsDNA) segments from ischemic tissue debris are engulfed by microglia and sensed by their cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which triggers robust activation of the innate immune stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and initiate the chronic inflammatory cascade. The decomposition of immunogenic dsDNA and inhibition of the innate immune STING are synergistic immunologic targets for ameliorating neuroinflammation. To combine the anti-inflammatory strategies of STING inhibition and dsDNA elimination, we constructed a DNase-mimetic artificial enzyme loaded with C-176. Nanoparticles are self-assembled by amphiphilic copolymers (P[CL35-b-(OEGMA20.7-co-NTAMA14.3)]), C-176, and Ce4+ which is coordinated with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) group to form corresponding catalytic structures. Our work developed a new nano-drug that balances the cGAS-STING axis to enhance the therapeutic impact of stroke by combining the DNase-memetic Ce4+ enzyme and STING inhibitor synergistically. In conclusion, it is a novel approach to modulating central nervus system (CNS) inflammatory signaling pathways and improving stroke prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou, 31000, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haipeng Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Lulu Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yong Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhefeng Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Pan Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou, 31000, China
| | - Weijun Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Pik Kwan Lo
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haifei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou, 31000, China
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11
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Liu X, Chen S, Liu L, Chen Y. Cationic brush hybrid nanoparticles scavenge cell-free DNA to enhance rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:215-227. [PMID: 37619897 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Abnormally high level of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is one of the important causes of autoimmune diseases, which aggravate the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recently, the utilization of cationic polymeric nanoparticles for scavenging cfDNA has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of RA. However, the intravenous introduction of cationic polymeric nanoparticles into the circulation carries a risk of dissociation, causing toxicity. To realize the potential clinical translation, we employed a series of silica particles grafted with poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMA) (SiNP@PDMA) brush, which possess adjustable PDMA content (100, 200, and 300 degree of polymerization (DP)) and particle size (50, 100, and 200 nm diameter), to selectively scavenge cfDNA in inflamed joint cavity. We demonstrate that the binding affinity for cfDNA, cytotoxicity, circulation time in vivo and retention in the inflamed joint cavity are influenced by the core-shell structure of SiNP@PDMA, ultimately impacting therapeutic efficacy. Among them, SiNP@PDMA with 100 nm size and 200 DP of PDMA exhibit enhanced accumulation and prolonged retention time in inflammatory joint cavity, resulting in superior therapeutic effect. Therefore, in this study, applying the precisely tuning size and cation content of SiNP@PDMA, we demonstrated the factors to matter the therapeutic effect of cationic nanoparticles, which deepened the understanding of the anti-inflammatory therapies based on cfDNA scavenger for RA. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Inspired by the discovery that cfDNA would induce inappropriate immune responses to exacerbate the progress of RA, we innovatively employed SiNP@PDMA as a cfDNA scavenger to inhibit cfDNA-induced inflammation in RA. Increase in the cation content efficiently strengthened the binding between SiNP@PDMA and cfDNA, leading to an improvement in inhibitory effect of inflammation. In addition, we compared the behaviors of 50, 100 and 200 nm SiNP@PDMA in RA symptom suppression, local cfDNA scavenging and inflammation inhibition. The results demonstrated that SiNP100-PDMA200 outperformed other analogues, corresponding to their more favorable distribution in inflammatory articular cavity. Together, this study revealed the structure-property relationship of cfDNA scavengers for further development of safe and effective cfDNA scavenging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Chen X, Dai D, Ma J, Yu Z, Zhao J, Yi C. An MMP-2 Responsive Nanotheranostic Probe Enabled Synergistic Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis and MR/CT Assessment of Therapeutic Response In Situ. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300962. [PMID: 37499265 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This study reports a facile and green synthesis of a new multifunctional nanotheranostic probe for the synergistic therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in situ assessment of therapeutic response. The probe is synthesized through a one-step self-assembly of two exquisitely designed peptide-amphiphilic block copolymers (PEG-DTIPA-KGPLGVRK-MTX and Pal-GGGGHHHHD-TCZ) under mild conditions, requiring minimal energy input. The resultant probe demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, water solubility, and colloidal stability. It exhibits a strong IL-6R targeting ability toward inflamed joints, and releases drugs in an MMP-2-responsive manner. The co-loading of methotrexate(MTX) and tocilizumab (TCZ) into the probe enables synergistic RA therapy with improved efficacy by simultaneously decreasing the activity of adenosine synthetase and interfering with the binding of IL-6 to its receptor. In addition, the resultant probe exhibits a high r1 relaxation rate (7.00 mm-1 s-1 ) and X-ray absorption capability (69.04 Hu mm-1 ), enabling sensitive MR and CT dual-modal imaging for simultaneous evaluation of synovial thickness and bone erosion. Both in vitro experiments using lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 cells and in vivo experiments using collagen-induced arthritis mice demonstrate the probe's high effectiveness in synergistically inhibiting inflammation. This study provides new insights into RA theranostics, therapeutic monitoring, the design of multifunctional theranostic probes, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Deshen Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Junping Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zipei Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Junkai Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Changqing Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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13
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Xiao C, Guan Y, Gao Z, Huang W. Research Advances in Nucleic Acid Delivery System for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041237. [PMID: 37111722 PMCID: PMC10145518 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the lives of nearly 1% of the total population worldwide. With the understanding of RA, more and more therapeutic drugs have been developed. However, lots of them possess severe side effects, and gene therapy may be a potential method for RA treatment. A nanoparticle delivery system is vital for gene therapy, as it can keep the nucleic acids stable and enhance the efficiency of transfection in vivo. With the development of materials science, pharmaceutics and pathology, more novel nanomaterials and intelligent strategies are applied to better and safer gene therapy for RA. In this review, we first summarized the existing nanomaterials and active targeting ligands used for RA gene therapy. Then, we introduced various gene delivery systems for RA treatment, which may enlighten the relevant research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Congcong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Youyan Guan
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhonggao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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14
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Tian J, Chen T, Huang B, Liu Y, Wang C, Cui Z, Xu H, Li Q, Zhang W, Liang Q. Inflammation specific environment activated methotrexate-loaded nanomedicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis by immune environment reconstruction. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:367-380. [PMID: 36513249 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as an autoimmune inflammatory disease, is featured by enhanced vascular permeability, irreversible cartilage destroys and bone erosion. Although the pathogenesis of RA is still unclear, the immune environment, particularly the lymphatic system, which is instrumental to immune cell surveillance and interstitial fluid balance, plays vital roles in the process of RA. Herein, an inflammation specific environment activated methotrexate-encapsulated nanomedicine (MTX@NPs) was constructed for RA treatment, which accumulated in inflamed joints, and released MTX in the specific RA microenvironment. Notably, MTX@NPs could regulate the immune environment including reducing the expressions of inflammatory cytokines of macrophages and the inflammatory level of lymphatic epithelial cells (LECs), and ameliorating the lymphatic vessel contraction and drainage. In vitro and In vivo studies illustrated that MTX@NPs exhibited a high RA therapeutic efficacy and insignificant systemic toxicity owing to the suppression of the inflammation response and the improved lymphatic functions of RA joints. It suggests that the nanomedicine paves a potential way to the clinical practice of autoimmune diseases treatments via the regulation of immune environment and lymphatic functions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Although 1.0% of the population in the world suffers from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the pathogenesis of RA is still unclear and the therapeutic effect of the first-line clinical drugs is relatively low. Herein, we propose a specific RA-microenvironment triggered nanomedicine (MTX@NPs), which enhances RA treatment of a first-line antirheumatic drug (methotrexate, MTX) by immune environment reconstruction. The nanomedicine exhibits RA joints accumulation by EPR effect, and releases MTX under the specific RA environment, leading to the dramatical drop of M1-type macrophages and acceleration of lymphatic vessel contraction and drainage. Finally, the inflammatory cytokines in RA immune environment are reduced sharply, indicating the outstanding therapeutic efficacy of MTX@NPs to RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tian
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Baoxuan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zepeng Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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15
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Zhu H, Liu R, Shang Y, Sun L. Polylysine complexes and their biomedical applications. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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