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Zamanian MY, Parra RMR, Soltani A, Kujawska M, Mustafa YF, Raheem G, Al-Awsi L, Lafta HA, Taheri N, Heidari M, Golmohammadi M, Bazmandegan G. Targeting Nrf2 signaling pathway and oxidative stress by resveratrol for Parkinson's disease: an overview and update on new developments. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5455-5464. [PMID: 37155008 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) as a prevalent neurodegenerative condition impairs motor function and is caused by the progressive deterioration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons. The current therapy solutions for PD are ineffective because they could not inhibit the disease's progression and they even have adverse effects. Natural polyphenols, a group of phytochemicals, have been found to offer various health benefits, including neuroprotection against PD. Among these, resveratrol (RES) has neuroprotective properties owing to its capacity to protect mitochondria and act as an antioxidant. An increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress (OS), which is responsible for cellular damage resulting in lipid peroxidation, oxidative protein alteration, and DNA damage. In PD models, it's been discovered that RES pretreatment can diminish oxidative stress by boosting endogenous antioxidant status and directly scavenging ROS. Several studies have examined the involvement of RES in the modulation of the transcriptional factor Nrf2 in PD models because this protein recognizes oxidants and controls the antioxidant defense. In this review, we have examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the RES activity and reviewed its effects in both in vitro and in vivo models of PD. The gathered evidence herein showed that RES treatment provides neuroprotection against PD by reducing OS and upregulation of Nrf2. Moreover, in the present study, scientific proof of the neuroprotective properties of RES against PD and the mechanism supporting clinical development consideration has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6718773654, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6718773654, Iran
| | | | - Afsaneh Soltani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, Poznan, 60-631, Poland
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Ghaidaa Raheem
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6718773654, Iran
| | - Lateef Al-Awsi
- Department of Radiological Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Holya A Lafta
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Niloofar Taheri
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mahsa Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Bazmandegan
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Sumithra M, Sundaraganesan N, Rajesh R, Ilangovan V, Irfan A, Muthu S. Electron density, charge transfer, solvent effect and molecular spectroscopic studies on 2,2-Dimethyl-N-pyridin-4-yl-propionamide – A potential antioxidant. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2023.114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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3
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You Y, Zhu K, Wang J, Liang Q, Li W, Wang L, Guo B, Zhou J, Feng X, Shi J. ROCK inhibitor: Focus on recent updates. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Harzallah M, Medimagh M, Issaoui N, Roisnel T, Brahim A. Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT, AIM, ELF, RDG and molecular docking studies of bis[4-(dimethylamino)pyridinium]di-µ-chlorido-bis[dichloridomercurate(II)]. J COORD CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2021.2006649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Harzallah
- Laboratory of Physico-chemistry of Materials LR01ES19, Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gabes, Zrig Eddakhlania, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Medimagh
- Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Issaoui
- Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Centre de Diffractométrie X, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS-Universitéde Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Ayed Brahim
- Laboratory of Physico-chemistry of Materials LR01ES19, Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to the Environment (UR17ES32)-ISSAT Mahdia, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Koszła O, Stępnicki P, Zięba A, Grudzińska A, Matosiuk D, Kaczor AA. Current Approaches and Tools Used in Drug Development against Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:897. [PMID: 34208760 PMCID: PMC8235487 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of nerve cells in the substantia nigra of the brain. The treatment options for this disease are very limited as currently the treatment is mainly symptomatic, and the available drugs are not able to completely stop the progression of the disease but only to slow it down. There is still a need to search for new compounds with the most optimal pharmacological profile that would stop the rapidly progressing disease. An increasing understanding of Parkinson's pathogenesis and the discovery of new molecular targets pave the way to develop new therapeutic agents. The use and selection of appropriate cell and animal models that better reflect pathogenic changes in the brain is a key aspect of the research. In addition, computer-assisted drug design methods are a promising approach to developing effective compounds with potential therapeutic effects. In light of the above, in this review, we present current approaches for developing new drugs for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Koszła
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (O.K.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (D.M.)
| | - Piotr Stępnicki
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (O.K.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (D.M.)
| | - Agata Zięba
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (O.K.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (D.M.)
| | - Angelika Grudzińska
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (O.K.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (D.M.)
| | - Dariusz Matosiuk
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (O.K.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (D.M.)
| | - Agnieszka A. Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (O.K.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (D.M.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Ryzhkina I, Murtazina L, Gainutdinov K, Konovalov A. Diluted Aqueous Dispersed Systems of 4-Aminopyridine: The Relationship of Self-Organization, Physicochemical Properties, and Influence on the Electrical Characteristics of Neurons. Front Chem 2021; 9:623860. [PMID: 33796504 PMCID: PMC8007878 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.623860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of physicochemical methods were used to examine the self-organization, physicochemical, UV absorption, and fluorescent properties of diluted aqueous solutions (calculated concentrations from 1·10-20 to 1·10-2 M) of the membrane voltage-dependent potassium channels blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). Using the dynamic light scattering method, it was shown that 4-AP solutions at concentrations in the range of 1·10-20-1·10-6 M are dispersed systems in which domains and nanoassociates of hundreds of nm in size are formed upon dilution. An interrelation between the non-monotonic concentration dependencies of the size of the dispersed phase, the fluorescence intensity (λ ex 225 nm, λ em 340 nm), specific electrical conductivity, and pH has been established. This allows us to predict the bioeffects of the 4-AP systems at low concentrations. The impact of these diluted aqueous systems on the electrical characteristics of identified neurons of Helix lucorum snails was studied. Incubation of neurons in the 4-AP systems for which the formation of domains and nanoassociates had been established lead to a nonmonotonic decrease of the resting potential by 7-13%. An analysis of the obtained results and published data allows for a conclusion that a consistent change in the nature and parameters of the dispersed phase, as well as the pH of the medium, apparently determines the nonmonotonic nature of the effect of the 4-AP systems in a 1·10-20-1·10-6 M concentration range on the resting membrane potential of neurons. It was found that the pre-incubation of neurons in the 4-AP system with a concentration of 1·10-12 M led to a 17.0% synergistic decrease in the membrane potential after a subsequent treatment with 1·10-2 M 4-AP solution. This finding demonstrates a significant modifying effect of self-organized dispersed systems of 4-AP in low concentrations on the neurons' sensitivity to 4-AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Ryzhkina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - Lyaisan Murtazina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - Khalil Gainutdinov
- Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander Konovalov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
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Dietrich M, Hartung HP, Albrecht P. Neuroprotective Properties of 4-Aminopyridine. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2021; 8:8/3/e976. [PMID: 33653963 PMCID: PMC7931640 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As an antagonist of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) is used as symptomatic therapy in several neurologic disorders. The improvement of visual function and motor skills and relieve of fatigue in patients with MS have been attributed to 4-AP. Its prolonged release formulation (fampridine) has been approved for the symptomatic treatment of walking disability in MS. The beneficial effects were explained by the blockade of axonal Kv channels, thereby enhancing conduction along demyelinated axons. However, an increasing body of evidence suggests that 4-AP may have additional properties beyond the symptomatic mode of action. In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical data on possible neuroprotective features of 4-AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dietrich
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., H.-P.H., P.A.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., H.-P.H., P.A.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Philipp Albrecht
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., H.-P.H., P.A.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia.
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Sharma P, Singh M, Mathew B. An Update of Synthetic Approaches and Structure‐Activity Relationships of Various Classes of Human MAO‐B Inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara University Punjab India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara University Punjab India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus Kochi 682 041 India
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K channel blockage with 3,4-diaminopyridine potentiates the effect of L-DOPA on dopamine release in striatal slices prepared from 6-OHDA pre-treated rats. Exp Brain Res 2020; 238:2539-2548. [PMID: 32870323 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05912-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although L-DOPA revolutionized in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, most patients developed motor complications after several years of treatment. Adjunctive therapy to L-DOPA with drugs related to dopaminergic signaling may reduce its dose without decreasing the therapeutic efficiency and thus ameliorates its adverse effects. It has been shown that 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP), a K channel blocker, increased dopamine release from striatal slices by increasing neuronal firing in striatal dopaminergic terminals. The current study investigates whether 3,4-DAP may enhance L-DOPA-induced dopamine (DA) release from striatal slices by increasing neuronal firing in striatal dopaminergic terminals. The effects of L-DOPA and 3,4-DAP on spontaneous DA and DOPAC release were tested in vitro, on acute rat striatal slices prepared from non-treated and 6-hydroxydopamine-pre-treated rats. DA and DOPAC levels were determined by HPLC methods. When 3,4-diaminopyridine was combined with L-DOPA, the observed effect was considerably greater than the increases induced by L-DOPA or 3,4-DAP alone in normoxic and neurodegenerative conditions produced by FeSO4 and 6-hydroxydopamine. Furthermore, L-DOPA plus 3,4-DAP also ameliorated DOPAC levels in neurodegenerative conditions. These data indicate that 3,4 DAP plus L-DOPA activates striatal dopaminergic terminals by increasing the DA release and, thus, could be considered as a promising finding in treatment of acute and chronic injury in dopaminergic neurons.
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10
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Structure-Dependent Development of the Antihypoxic Activity of Benzothiazole Derivatives Under Hypoxic Conditions of Various Etiologies. Pharm Chem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Zhang L, Zheng Y, Xie J, Shi L. Potassium channels and their emerging role in parkinson's disease. Brain Res Bull 2020; 160:1-7. [PMID: 32305406 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, which is associated with a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and a reduction of dopamine in the striatum. Recently, ion channel dysfunction has been considered a reason for the pathogenesis of PD. Potassium (K+) channels are widespread in the central nervous system, and play key roles in modulating cellular excitability, synaptic transmission, and neurotransmitter release. Based on recent studies and data, we propose that K+ channels may be new therapeutic targets for PD that slow the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and attenuate motor and non-motor symptoms. In this review, we mainly focus on: delayed rectifier, inwardly rectifying, and double-pore K+ channels. We summarize the expression and function of these channels in PD-related brain regions. We also discuss the effects of pharmacological blockade or activation of K+ channels in the progression and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanan Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Limin Shi
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Li W, Yang X, Song Q, Cao Z, Shi Y, Deng Y, Zhang L. Pyridoxine-resveratrol hybrids as novel inhibitors of MAO-B with antioxidant and neuroprotective activities for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Ghalehshahi HG, Balalaie S, Sohbati HR, Azizian H, Alavijeh MS. Synthesis, CYP 450 evaluation, and docking simulation of novel 4-aminopyridine and coumarin derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800247. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar G. Ghalehshahi
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center; K. N. Toosi University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center; K. N. Toosi University of Technology; Tehran Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center; Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences; Kermanshah Iran
| | - Hamid R. Sohbati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Tehran University of Medical Science; Tehran Iran
| | - Homa Azizian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy international Campus; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Yang GX, Ge SL, Wu Y, Huang J, Li SL, Wang R, Ma L. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-piperazinecarboxylate sarsasapogenin derivatives as potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:206-215. [PMID: 30006165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of multifunctional 3-piperazinecarboxylate sarsasapogenin derivatives were designed and synthesized against Alzheimer's disease (AD). The protection against H2O2-triggered oxidative stress in PC12 cells, and inhibition on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cell lines in vitro by these derivatives were firstly evaluated. Most of the compounds showed better antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities compared with sarsasapogenin, especially AA34 and AA36. Structure-activity relationships revealed that benzyl group, electron-donating group and intramolecular hydrogen bond might be beneficial to enhancing their neuroprotective activities. Moreover, Aβ42 was the optimum predicted target based on the high 3D molecular similarity between compound AA36 and caprospinol. In the following experiments, AA36 significantly protected PC12 cells from Aβ-induced damage and improved learning and memory impairments in Aβ-injected mice. Thus AA36 is regarded as a potent anti-AD agent and N-substituted piperazinecarboxylate can be served as a promising structural unit for anti-AD drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Xiang Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Song-Lan Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Liang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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