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Ferraboschi I, Ovčar J, Vygranenko KV, Yu S, Minervino A, Wrzosek A, Szewczyk A, Rozza R, Magistrato A, Belfield KD, Gryko DT, Grisanti L, Sissa C. Neutral rhodol-based dyes expressing localization in mitochondria. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5886-5890. [PMID: 38804835 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00252k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Neutral rhodol-based red emitters are shown to efficiently localize in mitochondria, as demonstrated by confocal microscopy and co-localization studies. A simple model is proposed to explain the localization mechanism of neutral molecules. The model takes into account the strong coupling between the molecular dipole moment and the electric field of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Ferraboschi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Juraj Ovčar
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- National Research Council - Materials Foundry Institute (CNR-IOM) c/o SISSA (International School for Advanced Studies), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Kateryna V Vygranenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shupei Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Alfonso Minervino
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Antoni Wrzosek
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Riccardo Rozza
- National Research Council - Materials Foundry Institute (CNR-IOM) c/o SISSA (International School for Advanced Studies), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Magistrato
- National Research Council - Materials Foundry Institute (CNR-IOM) c/o SISSA (International School for Advanced Studies), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Kevin D Belfield
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luca Grisanti
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- National Research Council - Materials Foundry Institute (CNR-IOM) c/o SISSA (International School for Advanced Studies), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Cristina Sissa
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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2
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Haque A, Alenezi KM, Alsukaibi AKD, Al-Otaibi AA, Wong WY. Water-Soluble Small Organic Fluorophores for Oncological Theragnostic Applications: Progress and Development. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:14. [PMID: 38671325 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major noncommunicable diseases, responsible for millions of deaths every year worldwide. Though various cancer detection and treatment modalities are available today, many deaths occur owing to its late-stage detection and metastatic nature. Noninvasive detection using luminescence-based imaging tools is considered one of the promising techniques owing to its low cost, high sensitivity, and brightness. Moreover, these tools are unique and valuable as they can detect even the slightest changes in the cellular microenvironment. To achieve this, a fluorescent probe with strong tumor uptake and high spatial and temporal resolution, especially with high water solubility, is highly demanded. Recently, several water-soluble molecules with emission windows in the visible (400-700 nm), first near-infrared (NIR-I, 700-1000 nm), and second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) windows have been reported in literature. This review highlights recently reported water-soluble small organic fluorophores/dyes with applications in cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. We systematically highlight and describe the key concepts, structural classes of fluorophores, strategies for imparting water solubility, and applications in cancer therapy and diagnosis, i.e., theragnostics. We discuss examples of water-soluble fluorescent probes based on coumarin, xanthene, boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY), and cyanine cores. Some other emerging classes of dyes based on carbocyclic and heterocyclic cores are also discussed. Besides, emerging molecular engineering methods to obtain such fluorophores are discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges in this research area are also delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashanul Haque
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, 55473, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalaf M Alenezi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, 55473, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen Khalaf Dhahi Alsukaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, 55473, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Otaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, 55473, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Wang S, Gai L, Chen Y, Ji X, Lu H, Guo Z. Mitochondria-targeted BODIPY dyes for small molecule recognition, bio-imaging and photodynamic therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3976-4019. [PMID: 38450547 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00456b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for a diverse array of biological functions. There is increasing research focus on developing efficient tools for mitochondria-targeted detection and treatment. BODIPY dyes, known for their structural versatility and excellent spectroscopic properties, are being actively explored in this context. Numerous studies have focused on developing innovative BODIPYs that utilize optical signals for imaging mitochondria. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the progress made in this field, aiming to investigate mitochondria-related biological events. It covers key factors such as design strategies, spectroscopic properties, and cytotoxicity, as well as mechanism to facilitate their future application in organelle imaging and targeted therapy. This work is anticipated to provide valuable insights for guiding future development and facilitating further investigation into mitochondria-related biological sensing and phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lizhi Gai
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Yuncong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hua Lu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Nedolya NA, Tarasova OA, Albanov AI, Klyba LV, Trofimov BA. Self-Assembly of 4,4'-Linked Dipyrromethanes from Unconventional Reactants─Propargylamines, 2-(Vinyloxy)ethyl Isothiocyanate, and Alkylating Agents under Basic Conditions. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38154056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of 4,4'-linked dipyrromethanes from 2-(vinyloxy)ethyl isothiocyanate, tertiary propargylamines, and alkylating agents has been discovered. The plausible reaction mechanism, the major stages of which have been confirmed experimentally, includes (1) the lithiation of propargylamine (with n-BuLi); (2) the formation of lithium N-[2-(vinyloxy)ethyl]but-2-ynimidothioate (product of the addition of monolithiated propargylamine to isothiocyanate); (3) isomerization of the latter in the corresponding allenylimidothioate (under the action of the t-BuOK/t-BuOH system); (4) low-temperature (<15 °C) intramolecular cyclization of the latter into potassium N-(5-amino-2-thienyl)-N-[2-(vinyloxy)ethyl]amide; (5) the base-induced cleavage of the C-O bond of the N-[2-(vinyloxy)ethyl] group and removal of vinyloxide-anion leading to acetaldehyde; (6) interaction of acetaldehyde with two molecules of N-(5-amino-2-thienyl)-N-[2-(vinyloxy)ethyl]amide-anion resulting in dithienomethane N-anionic intermediate; (7) recyclization of the latter into dipyrromethane S-anionic intermediate. Final S-alkylation affords synthetically challenging 4,4'-dipyrromethanes in a yield of 22-51%. The whole process is carried out in a single synthetic operation in a very short time (∼10-15 min, excluding alkylation time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina A Nedolya
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Ol'ga A Tarasova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I Albanov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila V Klyba
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Boris A Trofimov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
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5
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Liu Y, Zhang W, Gai L, Zhou Z, Tian J, Lu H. Novel organoboron complexes with robust core: Synthesis, functionalization, and subcellular targeting. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106662. [PMID: 37307714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The construction of novel organoboron complexes with facile synthesis and unique advantages for biological imaging remains a challenge and thus has garnered considerable attention. Herein, we developed a new molecular platform, boron indolin-3-one-pyrrol (BOIN3OPY) via a two-step sequential reaction. The molecular core is robust enough to allow for post-functionalization to produce versatile dyes. When compared to the standard BODIPY, these dyes feature an N,O-bidentate seven-membered ring center, significantly redshifted absorption, and a larger Stokes shift. This study establishes a new molecular platform that provides more flexibility for the functional regulation of dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Liu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, PR China
| | - Wenze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China
| | - Lizhi Gai
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, PR China.
| | - Zhikuan Zhou
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, PR China
| | - Jiangwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China.
| | - Hua Lu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, PR China.
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6
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Mahanta CS, Ravichandiran V, Swain SP. Recent Developments in the Design of New Water-Soluble Boron Dipyrromethenes and Their Applications: An Updated Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:2995-3018. [PMID: 37462316 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) and its derivatives play an important role in the area of organic fluorophore chemistry. Recently, the water-soluble boron-dipyrromethene dyes have increasingly received interest. The structural modification of the BODIPY core by incorporating different neutral and ionic hydrophilic groups makes it water-soluble. The important hydrophilic groups, such as quaternary ammonium, sulfonate, oligoethylene glycol, dicarboxylic acid, and sugar moieties significantly increase the solubility of these dyes in water while preserving their photophysical properties. As a result, these fluorescent dyes are utilized in aqueous systems for applications such as chemosensors, cell imaging, anticancer, biolabeling, biomedicine, metal ion detection, and photodynamic treatment. This review covers the most current developments in the design and synthesis of water-soluble BODIPY derivatives and their wide applications since 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Sekhara Mahanta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Centre for Marine Therapeutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Kolkata, 168, Chunilal Bhawan, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Centre for Marine Therapeutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Kolkata, 168, Chunilal Bhawan, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Sharada Prasanna Swain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Centre for Marine Therapeutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Kolkata, 168, Chunilal Bhawan, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
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7
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A comparative study on photophysics of meso-substituted mono- and bis-BODIPY carbazoles. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Hohlfeld BF, Steen D, Wieland GD, Achazi K, Kulak N, Haag R, Wiehe A. Bromo- and glycosyl-substituted BODIPYs for application in photodynamic therapy and imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:3105-3120. [PMID: 36799212 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of heavy atoms into the BODIPY-core structure has proven to be a straightforward strategy for optimizing the design of such dyes towards enhanced generation of singlet oxygen rendering them suitable as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this work, BODIPYs are presented by combining the concept of bromination with nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) of a pentafluorophenyl or a 4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl moiety to introduce functional groups, thus improving the phototoxic effect of the BODIPYs as well as their solubility in the biological environment. The nucleophilic substitution enabled functionalization with various amines and alcohols as well as unprotected thiocarbohydrates. The phototoxic activity of these more than 50 BODIPYs has been assessed in cellular assays against four cancer cell lines in order to more broadly evaluate their PDT potential, thus accounting for the known variability between cell lines with respect to PDT activity. In these investigations, dibrominated polar-substituted BODIPYs, particularly dibrominated glyco-substituted compounds, showed promising potential as photomedicine candidates. Furthermore, the cellular uptake of the glycosylated BODIPYs has been confirmed via fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F Hohlfeld
- Institut für Chemie u. Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Dorika Steen
- Biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | | | - Katharina Achazi
- Institut für Chemie u. Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nora Kulak
- Institut für Chemie u. Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Chemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie u. Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arno Wiehe
- Institut für Chemie u. Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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9
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Martínez-Bourget D, Rocha E, Labra-Vázquez P, Santillan R, Ortiz-López B, Ortiz-Navarrete V, Maraval V, Chauvin R, Farfán N. BODIPY-Ethynylestradiol molecular rotors as fluorescent viscosity probes in endoplasmic reticulum. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 283:121704. [PMID: 35985231 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to their capability for sensing changes in viscosity, fluorescent molecular rotors (FMRs) have emerged as potential tools to develop several promising viscosity probes; most of them, however, localize non-selectively within cells, precluding changes in the viscosity of specific cellular microdomains to be studied by these means. Following previous reports on enhanced fluorophore uptake efficiency and selectivity by incorporation of biological submolecular fragments, here we report two potential BODIPY FMRs based on an ethynylestradiol spindle, a non-cytotoxic semisynthetic estrogen well recognized by human cells. A critical evaluation of the potential of these fluorophores for being employed as FMRs is presented, including the photophysical characterization of the probes, SXRD studies and TD-DFT computations, as well as confocal microscopy imaging in MCF-7 (breast cancer) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Martínez-Bourget
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, CDMX, México
| | - Erika Rocha
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, CDMX, México
| | - Pablo Labra-Vázquez
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, México
| | - Benjamín Ortiz-López
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, CINVESTAV, Apdo., Postal 14-740, México, D.F. 07000, Mexico
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, CINVESTAV, Apdo., Postal 14-740, México, D.F. 07000, Mexico
| | - Valérie Maraval
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Remi Chauvin
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, CDMX, México.
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10
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Leng J, Lan X, Liu S, Jia W, Cheng W, Cheng J, Liu Z. Synthesis and bioimaging of a BODIPY-based fluorescence quenching probe for Fe 3. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21332-21339. [PMID: 35975086 PMCID: PMC9344281 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00818a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is the main substance for maintaining life. Real-time determination of ferric ion (Fe3+) in living cells is of great significance for understanding the relationship of Fe3+ concentration changes with various physiological and pathological processes. Fluorescent probes are suitable for the detection of trace metal ions in cells due to their low toxicity and high sensitivity. In this work, a boron-dipyrromethene-based fluorescent probe (BODIPY-CL) for selective detection of Fe3+ was synthesized. The fluorescence emission of BODIPY-CL was determined at 516 nm. In a pH range of 1 to 10, the probe BODIPY-CL exhibits a quenching response to Fe3+. Meanwhile, BODIPY-CL showed a highly selective response to Fe3+ compared with 16 kinds of metal ions. The stoichiometry ratio of BODIPY-CL bound to Fe3+ was nearly 2 : 1. The fluorescence quenching response obtained by the sensor was linear with the Fe3+ concentration in the range of 0-400 μM, and the detection limit was 2.9 μM. BODIPY-CL was successfully applied to image Fe3+ in cells. This study provides a promising fluorescent imaging probe for further research on the physiological and pathological effects of Fe3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Leng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University Yantai 264005 P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University Yantai 264005 P. R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University Yantai 264005 P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University Yantai 264005 P. R. China
| | - Wenshuai Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University Yantai 264005 P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University Yantai 264005 P. R. China
| | - Zhenbo Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University Yantai 264005 P. R. China
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11
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Gupta I, Manav N, Lone M, Raza MK, Chavda J, Mori S. Luminescent Iridium(III) Dipyrrinato Complexes: Synthesis, X-ray Structures, DFT and Photocytotoxicity Studies of Glycosylated Derivatives. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3849-3863. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04218a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of luminescent Ir(III) dipyrrinato complexes were synthesized having various aromatic chromophores on the C-5 position of dipyrrin ligand. The presence of different chromophores on the Ir(III) dipyrrinato complexes...
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12
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Sulfamide-substituted-BODIPY based fluorescence drugs: Synthesis, spectral characteristics, molecular docking, and bioactivity. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Chavda J, Bhavsar K, Gupta S, Gupta I. BODIPY-peptide conjugate: Synthesis, photo-physical and cell viability studies. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621501261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological studies of BODIPY-GPR peptide conjugate (BD-2) are reported. As compared to the parent BODIPY (BD-1), the peptide linked BD-2showed blue shifted absorption and emission with excellent Stokes shift of 201 nm. Molecular docking studies on EGFR protein kinase indicated very efficient binding affinity of BD-2 as compared to the standard drug (Erlotinib). The cell viability experiments of BD-2on normal (HEK293T) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines indicated 85–95% viability. Bioimaging studies showed that, BD-2was able to penetrate the lung cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaydeepsinh Chavda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Krishna Bhavsar
- Department of Biological Engineering, IIT Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Sharad Gupta
- Department of Biological Engineering, IIT Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Iti Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
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14
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Ramos-Torres Á, Avellanal-Zaballa E, García-Garrido F, Fernández-Martínez AB, Prieto-Castañeda A, Agarrabeitia AR, Bañuelos J, García-Moreno I, Lucio-Cazaña FJ, Ortiz MJ. Mitochondria selective trackers for long-term imaging based on readily accessible neutral BODIPYs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5318-5321. [PMID: 33913453 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00451d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the design of a new model based on a small neutral 8-aryl-3-formylBODIPY and its suitability to develop privileged highly bright and photostable fluorescent probes for selective and, more importantly, covalent staining of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágata Ramos-Torres
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Crtra A2, Km. 33,600 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edurne Avellanal-Zaballa
- Departamento de Química-Física, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
| | - Fernando García-Garrido
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Ana B Fernández-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Alejandro Prieto-Castañeda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Antonia R Agarrabeitia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Jorge Bañuelos
- Departamento de Química-Física, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
| | - Inmaculada García-Moreno
- Departamento de Sistemas de Baja Dimensionalidad, Superficies y Materia Condensada, Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano", CSIC, Serrano 119, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Lucio-Cazaña
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Crtra A2, Km. 33,600 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Ortiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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15
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Gómez AM, Uriel C, Oliden-Sánchez A, Bañuelos J, Garcia-Moreno I, López JC. A Concise Route to Water-Soluble 2,6-Disubstituted BODIPY-Carbohydrate Fluorophores by Direct Ferrier-Type C-Glycosylation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9181-9188. [PMID: 34156858 PMCID: PMC8279486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
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Novel, linker-free,
BODIPY-carbohydrate derivatives containing
sugar residues at positions C2 and C6 are efficiently obtained by,
hitherto unreported, Ferrier-type C-glycosylation
of 8-aryl-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl BODIPYs with commercially available
tri-O-acetyl-d-glucal followed by saponification.
This transformation, which involves the electrophilic aromatic substitution
(SEAr) of the dipyrrin framework with an allylic oxocarbenium
ion, provides easy access to BODIPY-carbohydrate hybrids with excellent
photophysical properties and a weaker tendency to aggregate in concentrated
water solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Gómez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Uriel
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Oliden-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad del Pais Vasco, UPV-EHU, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jorge Bañuelos
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad del Pais Vasco, UPV-EHU, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - J Cristobal López
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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16
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17
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Photochemical and photocytotoxic evaluation of new Oxovanadium (IV) complexes in photodynamic application. J CHEM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-021-01896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Yang J, Zhang R, Zhao Y, Tian J, Wang S, Gros CP, Xu H. Red/NIR neutral BODIPY-based fluorescent probes for lighting up mitochondria. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 248:119199. [PMID: 33293228 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent probes, 2 and 3, based on a BODIPY scaffold and one or two piperidinyl groups were easily synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation. The biological imaging applications of the two probes 2 and 3 in live HepG2 cells reveal that these two probes display excellent mitochondrial imaging ability. Thus, these probes appear as promising tools for visualization of mitochondrial within live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiangwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Shifa Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Claude P Gros
- ICMUB (UMR CNRS 6302), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Haijun Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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19
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Sanasam B, Raza MK, Musib D, Pal M, Pal M, Roy M. Photodynamic Applications of New Imidazo[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthroline Oxidovanadium(IV) Complexes: Synthesis, Photochemical, and Cytotoxic Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bandana Sanasam
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol 795004, Imphal, Manipur India
| | - Md K. Raza
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Dulal Musib
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol 795004, Imphal, Manipur India
| | - Maynak Pal
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol 795004, Imphal, Manipur India
| | - Mrityunjoy Pal
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol 795004, Imphal, Manipur India
| | - Mithun Roy
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol 795004, Imphal, Manipur India
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20
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Pandey V, Raza MK, Joshi P, Gupta I. Synthesis of Water-Soluble Thioglycosylated trans-A 2B 2 Type Porphyrins: Cellular Uptake Studies and Photodynamic Efficiency. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6309-6322. [PMID: 32320242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of water-soluble thioglycosylated A2B2 type porphyrins and their zinc(II) complexes is reported. The water-soluble trans-A2B2 porphyrins were synthesized in two steps, via [2+2] condensation between thioglycosylated dipyrromethanes and aromatic aldehydes in 15-21% yields. The thioglycosylated trans-A2B2 porphyrins showed decent in vitro singlet oxygen generation, which was supported by the intracellular DCFDA study. The in vitro cellular investigations of thioglycosylated A2B2 porphyrins were carried out in lung cancer cells (A549) to test their photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) activity. The PDT study revealed significant cytotoxicities of porphyrins with IC50 values between 23.3 and 44.2 μM in the dark, whereas, after visible light exposure, the photosensitizers exhibited IC50 values around 11.1-23.8 μM. The water-soluble thioglycosylated zinc(II) porphyrins having two meso-N-butylcarbazole groups exhibited an excellent degree of photocytotoxicity (IC50 = 4.6-8.8 μM). The flow cytometry analysis revealed that cellular uptake and ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation efficiency of water-soluble thioglycosylated zinc(II) porphyrins were considerably higher than nonmetalated porphyrins. Confocal microscopy images displayed substantial distribution in the endoplasmic reticulum with partial colocalization in mitochondria and lysosomes of water-soluble thioglycosylated zinc(II) porphyrins in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalakshmi Pandey
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Md Kausar Raza
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Pooja Joshi
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Iti Gupta
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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21
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Hohlfeld BF, Gitter B, Flanagan KJ, Kingsbury CJ, Kulak N, Senge MO, Wiehe A. Exploring the relationship between structure and activity in BODIPYs designed for antimicrobial phototherapy. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:2416-2431. [PMID: 32186571 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00188k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic strategy to BODIPY dyes is presented giving access to a range of new compounds relevant in the context of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). BODIPYs with the 8-(4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl) and the 8-pentafluorophenyl substituents were used for the synthesis of new mono- and dibrominated BODIPYs. The para-fluorine atoms in these electron-withdrawing groups facilitate functional modification via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) with a number of amines and thio-carbohydrates. Subsequently, the antibacterial phototoxic activity of these BODIPYs has been assessed in bacterial assays against the Gram-positive germ S. aureus and also against the Gram-negative germ P. aeruginosa. The bacterial assays allowed to identify substitution patterns which ensured antibacterial activity not only in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) but also in the presence of serum, hereby more realistically modelling the complex biological environment that is present in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F Hohlfeld
- Institut für Chemie u. Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany and Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany and biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Burkhard Gitter
- biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Keith J Flanagan
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Christopher J Kingsbury
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Nora Kulak
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany and Institut für Chemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mathias O Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Arno Wiehe
- Institut für Chemie u. Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany and biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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22
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Uriel C, Permingeat C, Ventura J, Avellanal-Zaballa E, Bañuelos J, García-Moreno I, Gómez AM, Lopez JC. BODIPYs as Chemically Stable Fluorescent Tags for Synthetic Glycosylation Strategies towards Fluorescently Labeled Saccharides. Chemistry 2020; 26:5388-5399. [PMID: 31999023 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorescent boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY, 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene) dyes have been designed to participate, as aglycons, in synthetic oligosaccharide protocols. As such, they served a dual purpose: first, by being incorporated at the beginning of the process (at the reducing-end of the growing saccharide moiety), they can function as fluorescent glycosyl tags, facilitating the detection and purification of the desired glycosidic intermediates, and secondly, the presence of these chromophores on the ensuing compounds grants access to fluorescently labeled saccharides. In this context, a sought-after feature of the fluorescent dyes has been their chemical robustness. Accordingly, some BODIPY derivatives described in this work can withstand the reaction conditions commonly employed in the chemical synthesis of saccharides; namely, glycosylation and protecting-group manipulations. Regarding their photophysical properties, the BODIPY-labeled saccharides obtained in this work display remarkable fluorescence efficiency in water, reaching quantum yield values up to 82 %, as well as notable lasing efficiencies and photostabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Uriel
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Caterina Permingeat
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ventura
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Bañuelos
- Dpto. Química Física, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Aptdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Ana M Gómez
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cristobal Lopez
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Abstract
Difluoroboron-dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) are highly popular fluorescent dyes with applications as NIR probes for bioimaging, fluorescent tags/sensors and as photosensitizers in cancer therapy and organic photovoltaics. This review concentrates on the synthesis and spectral properties of BODIPY dyes conjugated with carbazole heterocycle. The carbazole is an electron rich tricyclic compound and due to its excellent electronic properties, it is extensively used in the production of electroluminescent materials and polymers. This review highlights the recent progress made on the series of BODIPY derivatives containing carbazole ring at alpha, beta, and meso-positions of the BODIPY skeleton. Carbazole based hybrid BODIPYs, carbazole linked aza-BODIPYs and carbazole-fused BODIPYs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iti Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Praseetha E Kesavan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
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