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Nayak V, Patra S, Rout S, Jena AB, Sharma R, Pattanaik KP, Singh J, Pandey SS, Singh RP, Majhi S, Singh KR, Kerry RG. Regulation of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease via nanoparticle-loaded phytocompounds with anti-inflammatory and autophagy-inducing properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155150. [PMID: 37944239 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuroinflammation linked to amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation and phosphorylated tau (τ) protein in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Key elements in Aβ production and NFT assembly, like γ-secretase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), contribute to neuroinflammation. In addition, impaired proteosomal and autophagic pathways increase Aβ and τ aggregation, leading to neuronal damage. Conventional neuroinflammation drugs have limitations due to unidirectional therapeutic approaches and challenges in crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). Clinical trials for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other therapeutics remain uncertain. Novel strategies addressing the complex pathogenesis and BBB translocation are needed to effectively tackle AD-related neuroinflammation. PURPOSE The current scenario demands for a much-sophisticated theranostic measures which could be achieved via customized engineering and designing of novel nanotherapeutics. As, these therapeutics functions as a double edge sword, having the efficiency of unambiguous targeting, multiple drug delivery and ability to cross BBB proficiently. METHODS Inclusion criteria involve selecting recent, English-language studies from the past decade (2013-2023) that explore the regulation of neuroinflammation in neuroinflammation, Alzheimer's disease, amyloid β, tau protein, nanoparticles, autophagy, and phytocompounds. Various study types, including clinical trials, experiments, and reviews, were considered. Exclusion criteria comprised non-relevant publication types, studies unrelated to Alzheimer's disease or phytocompounds, those with methodological flaws, duplicates, and studies with inaccessible data. RESULTS In this study, polymeric nanoparticles loaded with specific phytocompounds and coated with an antibody targeting the transferrin receptor (anti-TfR) present on BBB. Thereafter, the engineered nanoparticles with the ability to efficiently traverse the BBB and interact with target molecules within the brain, could induce autophagy, a cellular process crucial for neuronal health, and exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects. Henceforth, the proposed combination of desired phytocompounds, polymeric nanoparticles, and anti-TfR coating presents a promising approach for targeted drug delivery to the brain, with potential implications in neuroinflammatory conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Nayak
- ICAR- National Institute on Foot and Mouth Disease-International Centre for Foot and Mouth Disease, Arugul, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (752050), India
| | - Sushmita Patra
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra (410210), India
| | - Shrushti Rout
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751004), India
| | - Atala Bihari Jena
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (02115), United States of America
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh (221005), India
| | - Kali Prasad Pattanaik
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Jay Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh (221005), India
| | - Shyam S Pandey
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu (8080196), Japan
| | - Ravindra Pratap Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh 484887, India
| | - Sanatan Majhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (02115), United States of America
| | - Kshitij Rb Singh
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu (8080196), Japan.
| | - Rout George Kerry
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751004), India.
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Lee SH, Lim JM, Lee SW, Jang TH, Park JH, Seo YS, Lee JH, Seralathan KK, Oh BT. Effect of fermentation on antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti- Helicobacter pylori adhesion activity of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica root bark. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1257-1268. [PMID: 37362805 PMCID: PMC10290026 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited yield of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica root bark (URB) extract is considered an economic loss to the food industry. Improving extraction yield and bioactivity through fermentation increase the industrial usage of URB. The study aims to optimize the fermentation with cellulolytic and pectinolytic bacteria and evaluate the bioactivity and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of the fermented URB extract. URB fermentation with the Bacillus licheniformis FLa3, isolated from salted seafood (Sardinella zunasi), under optimal conditions (37 °C, pH 6, 10% inoculum dose, and 36 h) improved the extraction yield by 36% compared to the control. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the fermented extract were significantly higher than non-fermented extract. High-performance liquid chromatography results confirmed that the fermentation increased the proportion of bioactive components such as catechin (171.7%), epicatechin (144.3%), quercetin (27.3%), and kaempferol (16.7%). The results confirmed that the fermentation increased both the extraction yield and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hyeon Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
| | - Jeong-Muk Lim
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
| | - Se-Won Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
| | - Tae-Hu Jang
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Park
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
| | - Young-Seok Seo
- R&D Center, Sanigen CO., Ltd., Iksan, Jeonbuk 54576 South Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Lee
- Sunchang Research Institute of Health and Longevity, Sunchang, Jeonbuk 56015 South Korea
| | - Kamala-Kannan Seralathan
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
| | - Byung-Taek Oh
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
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Sukri A, Hanafiah A, Patil S, Lopes BS. The Potential of Alternative Therapies and Vaccine Candidates against Helicobacter pylori. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040552. [PMID: 37111309 PMCID: PMC10141204 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative therapies and vaccination are essential to combat the emergence of multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori and to prevent the development of gastroduodenal diseases. This review aimed to systematically review recent studies on alternative therapies, i.e., probiotics, nanoparticles, and natural products from plants, as well as recent progress in H. pylori vaccines at the preclinical stage. Articles published from January 2018 to August 2022 were systematically searched using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Medline. After the screening process, 45 articles were eligible for inclusion in this review. Probiotics (n = 9 studies) and natural products from plants (n = 28 studies) were observed to inhibit the growth of H. pylori, improve immune response, reduce inflammation, and reduce the pathogenic effects of H. pylori virulence factors. Natural products from plants also showed anti-biofilm activity against H. pylori. However, clinical trials of natural products from plants and probiotics are still lacking. A paucity of data assessing the nanoparticle activity of N-acylhomoserine lactonase-stabilized silver against H. pylori was observed. Nonetheless, one nanoparticle study showed anti-biofilm activity against H. pylori. Promising results of H. pylori vaccine candidates (n = 7) were observed at preclinical stage, including elicitation of a humoral and mucosal immune response. Furthermore, the application of new vaccine technology including multi-epitope and vector-based vaccines using bacteria was investigated at the preclinical stage. Taken together, probiotics, natural products from plants, and nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against H. pylori. New vaccine technology shows promising results against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Sukri
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alfizah Hanafiah
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Sandip Patil
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Bruno S Lopes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK
- National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, UK
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Stereochemistry of Chiral 2-Substituted Chromanes: Twist of the Dihydropyran Ring and Specific Optical Rotation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010439. [PMID: 36615631 PMCID: PMC9823451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chiral 2-substituted chromanes are important substructures in organic synthesis and appear in numerous natural products. Herein, the correlation between specific optical rotations (SORs) and the stereochemistry at C2 of chiral 2-substituted chromanes was investigated through data mining, quantum-chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT), and mechanistic analyses. For 2-aliphatic (including acyloxy and alkenyl) chromanes, the P-helicity of the dihydropyran ring usually corresponds to a positive SOR; however, 2-aryl chromanes with P-helicity tend to exhibit negative SORs. 2-Carboxyl (including alkoxycarbonyl and carbonyl) chromanes often display small experimental SORs, and theoretical calculations for them are prone to error because of the fluctuating conformational distribution with computational parameters. Several typical compounds were discussed, including detailed descriptions of the asymmetric synthesis, absolute configuration (AC) assignment methods, and systematic conformational analysis. We hope this work will enrich the knowledge of the stereochemistry of chiral 2-substituted chromanes.
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Choi J, Ki CS. Ultrasonication, immune activity, and photocrosslinked microgel formation of pectic polysaccharide isolated from root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Rehder) Nakai. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 211:535-544. [PMID: 35569684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Rehder) Nakai (Japanese elm) has been used for inflammatory disease treatments. In this work, we isolated pectic polysaccharides from the root bark of U. davidiana (UDP) and explored the immune activities of intact and ultrasonicated UDP on human macrophages. The UDP-treated macrophages showed a proinflammatory response, indicating classical activation via Toll-like receptor-mediated recognition. For hydrogel formation, the ultrasonicated UDP was modified with methacrylate groups, then subjected to photocrosslinking. The formed bulk hydrogel was pulverized into microgels by homogenization, and the microgel size was modulated for macrophage phagocytosis. The UDP microgel-treated macrophages displayed microgel internalization and classical activation that involved upregulation of M1 polarization markers (IL6, TNF-α, and CCR7), indicating that the microgel can be used as a carrier for macrophage-targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Choi
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seok Ki
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Kim J, Lee CG, Yun SH, Hwang S, Jeon H, Park E, Jeong SY. Inhibitory Effect of Ulmus davidiana and Cornus officinalis Extracts on Osteoporotic Bone Loss In Vitro and In Vivo. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58040466. [PMID: 35454305 PMCID: PMC9031261 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58040466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Traditional herbal medicines are becoming more popular as a complementary medication as they have the advantages of being mostly harmless and safe, causing fewer side-effects than conventional medications. Here, we demonstrate the inhibitory effects of the combination of Ulmus davidiana (UD) and Cornus officinalis (CO) extracts on osteoporotic bone loss. Materials and Methods: This study presented osteogenic effects in primary cultured osteoblasts, pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell lines, and osteoclastogenic effects in osteoclasts derived from bone marrow monocytes, and finally, protective effects on bone loss in an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic animal model. Results: A significant increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was observed following treatment with UD and CO mixtures (8:2, 7:3, and 5:5 ratios) and individual UD and CO extracts, with the highest ALP activity being detected for the treatment with UD and CO extracts at a 5:5 ratio. An optimal ratio of UD and CO (UC) extract promoted osteoblast differentiation in both pre-osteoblastic cells and primary osteoblasts by increasing osteoblastic markers such as Alpl, Runx2, and Bglap. However, treatment with the UC extract inhibited osteoclast differentiation with a decreased expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes, including Ctsk, Acp5, Mmp9, and Nfatc1. In addition, UC treatment prevented osteoporotic bone loss in OVX mice and improved impaired skeletal structure parameters. Conclusions: This study suggests that combined UD and CO extracts may be a beneficial traditional medicine for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyun Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (J.K.); (C.-G.L.); (S.-H.Y.); (S.H.); (H.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Chang-Gun Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (J.K.); (C.-G.L.); (S.-H.Y.); (S.H.); (H.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Yun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (J.K.); (C.-G.L.); (S.-H.Y.); (S.H.); (H.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Seokjin Hwang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (J.K.); (C.-G.L.); (S.-H.Y.); (S.H.); (H.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Hyoju Jeon
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (J.K.); (C.-G.L.); (S.-H.Y.); (S.H.); (H.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Eunkuk Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (J.K.); (C.-G.L.); (S.-H.Y.); (S.H.); (H.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (S.-Y.J.); Tel.: +82-31-219-4519 (E.P.); +82-31-219-4520 (S.-Y.J.); Fax: +82-31-219-4521 (E.P. & S.-Y.J.)
| | - Seon-Yong Jeong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (J.K.); (C.-G.L.); (S.-H.Y.); (S.H.); (H.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (S.-Y.J.); Tel.: +82-31-219-4519 (E.P.); +82-31-219-4520 (S.-Y.J.); Fax: +82-31-219-4521 (E.P. & S.-Y.J.)
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Wang W, Jeong C, Lee Y, Park C, Oh E, Park KH, Cho Y, Kang E, Lee J, Cho YJ, Park JHY, Son YJ, Lee KW, Kang H. Flavonoid Glycosides from Ulmus macrocarpa Inhibit Osteoclast Differentiation via the Downregulation of NFATc1. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:4840-4849. [PMID: 35187304 PMCID: PMC8851653 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate and identify chemical components with osteoclast differentiation inhibitory activity from Ulmus macrocarpa Hance bark. Spectroscopic analyses, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD), resulted in the unequivocal elucidation of active compounds such as (2S)-naringenin-6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (2R)-naringenin-6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), (2R,3S)-catechin-7-O-β-d-xylopyranoside (3), (2R,3S)-catechin-7-O-β-d-apiofuranoside (6), (2R,3R)-taxifolin-6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (7), and (2S,3S)-taxifolin-6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (8). Mechanistically, the compounds may exhibit osteoclast differentiation inhibitory activity via the downregulation of NFATc1, a master regulator involved in osteoclast formation. This is the first report of their inhibitory activities on the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. These findings provide further scientific evidence for the rational application of the genus Ulmus for the amelioration or treatment of osteopenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Wang
- Laboratory
of Marine Drugs, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research
Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National
University, NS-80, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chanhyeok Jeong
- Department
of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yongjin Lee
- Department
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 315 Maegok-dong, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do 57922, Korea
| | - Chanyoon Park
- Laboratory
of Marine Drugs, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, NS-80, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eunseok Oh
- Laboratory
of Marine Drugs, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyu-Hyung Park
- Laboratory
of Marine Drugs, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youbin Cho
- Laboratory
of Marine Drugs, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eunmo Kang
- Laboratory
of Marine Drugs, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - JunI Lee
- Laboratory
of Marine Drugs, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeon-Jin Cho
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung Han Yoon Park
- Department
of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Advanced
Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul
National University, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 315 Maegok-dong, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do 57922, Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Department
of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Advanced
Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul
National University, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Heonjoong Kang
- Laboratory
of Marine Drugs, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research
Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National
University, NS-80, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, NS-80, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Park WS, Kim HJ, Khalil AAK, Kang DM, Akter KM, Kwon JM, Kim YU, Piao XL, Koo KA, Ahn MJ. Anatomical and Chemical Characterization of Ulmus Species from South Korea. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10122617. [PMID: 34961088 PMCID: PMC8707370 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ulmus species (Ulmaceae) are large deciduous trees distributed throughout Korea. Although their root and stem bark have been used to treat gastrointestinal diseases and wounds in folk medicine, commercial products are consumed without any standardization. Therefore, we examined anatomical and chemical differences among five Ulmus species in South Korea. Transverse sections of leaf, stem, and root barks were examined under a microscope to elucidate anatomical differences. Stem and root bark exhibited characteristic medullary ray and secretary canal size. Leaf surface, petiole, and midrib exhibited characteristic inner morphologies including stomatal size, parenchyma, and epidermal cell diameter, as well as ratio of vascular bundle thickness to diameter among the samples. Orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis of anatomical data efficiently differentiated the five species. To evaluate chemical differences among the five species, we quantified (-)-catechin, (-)-catechin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside, (-)-catechin-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, (-)-catechin-7-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, (-)-catechin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and (-)-catechin-5-O-β-D-apiofuranoside using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector. (-)-Catechin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside content was the highest among all compounds in all species, and (-)-catechin-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside content was characteristically the highest in Ulmus parvifolia among the five species. Overall, the Ulmus species tested was able to be clearly distinguished on the basis of anatomy and chemical composition, which may be used as scientific criteria for appropriate identification and standard establishment for commercialization of these species
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Sung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (W.-S.P.); (D.-M.K.); (K.-M.A.); (J.-M.K.); (K.-A.K.)
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., Seoul 06800, Korea;
| | - Atif Ali Khan Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Dong-Min Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (W.-S.P.); (D.-M.K.); (K.-M.A.); (J.-M.K.); (K.-A.K.)
| | - Kazi-Marjahan Akter
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (W.-S.P.); (D.-M.K.); (K.-M.A.); (J.-M.K.); (K.-A.K.)
| | - Ji-Min Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (W.-S.P.); (D.-M.K.); (K.-M.A.); (J.-M.K.); (K.-A.K.)
| | - Yong-ung Kim
- College of Herbal Bio-Industry, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea;
| | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Kyung-Ah Koo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (W.-S.P.); (D.-M.K.); (K.-M.A.); (J.-M.K.); (K.-A.K.)
- Azothbio Inc., Seongnam 13229, Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (W.-S.P.); (D.-M.K.); (K.-M.A.); (J.-M.K.); (K.-A.K.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Kim JH, Park JS, Lee YJ, Choi S, Kim YH, Yang SY. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase by phytochemical constituents of the root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1049-1055. [PMID: 34000951 PMCID: PMC8153708 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1927005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel compound 1 and nine known compounds (2–10) were isolated by open column chromatography analysis of the root bark of Ulmus davidiana. Pure compounds (1–10) were tested in vitro to determine the inhibitory activity of the catalytic reaction of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Compounds 1, 2, 4, 6–8, and 10 had IC50 values ranging from 11.4 ± 2.3 to 36.9 ± 2.6 μM. We used molecular docking to simulate inhibitor binding of each compound and estimated the binding pose of the catalytic site of sEH. From this analysis, the compound 2 was revealed to be a potential inhibitor of sEH in vitro and in silico. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) study was performed to find detailed interaction signals of inhibitor 2 with enzyme. Finally, compound 2 is promising candidates for the development of a new sEH inhibitor from natural plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hoon Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Ji Su Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ji Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Sena Choi
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
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10
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Impact of Dietary Patterns on H. pylori Infection and the Modulation of Microbiota to Counteract Its Effect. A Narrative Review. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10070875. [PMID: 34358024 PMCID: PMC8308520 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach and can induce gastric disease and intra-gastric lesions, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. This bacterium is responsible for long-term complications of gastric disease. The conjunction of host genetics, immune response, bacterial virulence expression, diet, micronutrient availability, and microbiome structure influence the disease outcomes related to chronic H. pylori infection. In this regard, the consumption of unhealthy and unbalanced diets can induce microbial dysbiosis, which infection with H. pylori may contribute to. However, to date, clinical trials have reported controversial results and current knowledge in this field is inconclusive. Here, we review preclinical studies concerning the changes produced in the microbiota that may be related to H. pylori infection, as well as the involvement of diet. We summarize and discuss the last approaches based on the modulation of the microbiota to improve the negative impact of H. pylori infection and their potential translation from bench to bedside.
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11
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Marcarino MO, Cicetti S, Zanardi MM, Sarotti AM. A critical review on the use of DP4+ in the structural elucidation of natural products: the good, the bad and the ugly. A practical guide. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:58-76. [PMID: 34212963 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00030f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2015 up to the end of 2020Even in the golden age of NMR, the number of natural products being incorrectly assigned is becoming larger every day. The use of quantum NMR calculations coupled with sophisticated data analysis provides ideal complementary tools to facilitate the elucidation process in challenging cases. Among the current computational methodologies to perform this task, the DP4+ probability is a popular and widely used method. This updated version of Goodman's DP4 synergistically combines NMR calculations at higher levels of theory with the Bayesian analysis of both scaled and unscaled data. Since its publication in late 2015, the use of DP4+ to solve controversial natural products has substantially grown, with several predictions being confirmed by total synthesis. To date, the structures of more than 200 natural products were determined with the aid of DP4+. However, all that glitters is not gold. Besides its intrinsic limitations, on many occasions it has been improperly used with potentially important consequences on the quality of the assignment. Herein we present a critical revision on how the scientific community has been using DP4+, exploring the strengths of the method and how to obtain optimal results from it. We also analyze the weaknesses of DP4+, and the paths to by-pass them to maximize the confidence in the structural elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel O Marcarino
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
| | - Soledad Cicetti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
| | - María M Zanardi
- Instituto de Ingeniería Ambiental, Química y Biotecnología Aplicada (INGEBIO), Facultad de Química e Ingeniería del Rosario, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Av. Pellegrini 3314, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
| | - Ariel M Sarotti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
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12
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Lee KH, Kim JK, Yu JS, Jeong SY, Choi JH, Kim JC, Ko YJ, Kim SH, Kim KH. Ginkwanghols A and B, osteogenic coumaric acid-aliphatic alcohol hybrids from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:514-524. [PMID: 33929687 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae), commonly known as "ginkgo", is called a living fossil, and it has been cultivated early in human history for various uses in traditional medicine and as a source of food. As part of ongoing research to explore the chemical diversity and biologically active compounds from natural resources, two new coumaric acid-aliphatic alcohol hybrids, ginkwanghols A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the leaves of G. biloba. The coumaric acid-aliphatic alcohol hybrids of natural products have rarely been reported. The structures of the new compounds were determined by extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis, HRESI-MS, and quantum chemical ECD calculations, and by comparing the experimental HRESI-MS/MS spectrum of chemically transformed compound 1a with the predicted HRESI-MS/MS spectra proposed from CFM-ID 3.0, a software tool for MS/MS spectral prediction and MS-based compound identification. Ginkwanghols A (1) and B (2) increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) production in C3H10T1/2, a mouse mesenchymal stem cell line, in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ginkwanghols A and B mediated the promotion of osteogenic differentiation as indicated by the induction of the mRNA expression of the osteogenic markers ALP and osteopontin (OPN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Ho Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Kyu Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Yun Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Choi
- Sungkyun Biotech Co., Ltd., Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Joo Ko
- Laboratory of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, National Center for Inter-University Research Facilities (NCIRF), Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Kim
- Sungkyun Biotech Co., Ltd., Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Subedi L, Gaire BP, Kim SY, Parveen A. Nitric Oxide as a Target for Phytochemicals in Anti-Neuroinflammatory Prevention Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094771. [PMID: 33946349 PMCID: PMC8124914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a neurotransmitter that mediates the activation and inhibition of inflammatory cascades. Even though physiological NO is required for defense against various pathogens, excessive NO can trigger inflammatory signaling and cell death through reactive nitrogen species-induced oxidative stress. Excessive NO production by activated microglial cells is specifically associated with neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemia, hypoxia, multiple sclerosis, and other afflictions of the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, controlling excessive NO production is a desirable therapeutic strategy for managing various neuroinflammatory disorders. Recently, phytochemicals have attracted considerable attention because of their potential to counteract excessive NO production in CNS disorders. Moreover, phytochemicals and nutraceuticals are typically safe and effective. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of NO production and its involvement in various neurological disorders, and we revisit a number of recently identified phytochemicals which may act as NO inhibitors. This review may help identify novel potent anti-inflammatory agents that can downregulate NO, specifically during neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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14
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Bai Z, Liu J, Mi Y, Zhou D, Chen G, Liang D, Li N, Hou Y. Acutissimalignan B from traditional herbal medicine Daphne kiusiana var. atrocaulis (Rehd.) F. Maekawa inhibits neuroinflammation via NF-κB Signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 84:153508. [PMID: 33639593 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates the important role of herbal medicine for neuroinflammation, which is closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE To clarify the characteristics and primary mechanisms of action of the traditional herbal medicine Daphne kiusiana var. atrocaulis (Rehd.) F. Maekawa in neuroinflammation by phytochemistry and bioassays using both in vitro and in vivo assays. METHODS The chemical composition of D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis was clarified using multiple chromatography technologies and spectroscopic analysis. The anti-neuroinflammatory effects of the identified components were evaluated in LPS-induced BV-2 cells by monitoring the production of nitric oxide. C57BL/6 mice were used to construct a neuroinflammatory model by injecting LPS into the lateral ventricle of the brain. The most promising component was evaluated in vivo by measuring the number of Iba-1 cells and expression of inflammatory factors. Furthermore, the anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism involved in the activation of the NF-κB pathway was investigated using western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Thirty-two constituents (1-32), including five new compounds, were successfully identified from D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis. Compounds 3, 5, 12-15, and 20 (IC50 values from 5.41 to 57.27 μM) could considerably inhibit the LPS-induced production of NO in BV-2 cells, displaying stronger anti-neuroinflammatory activities than that of minocycline (IC50 = 67.08 μM). The concentration of the most potential compound 13 (IC50 5.41 μM) was 5.4% of the ethyl acetate fraction. Acutissimalignan B (13) could reduce the mRNA expression of iNOs, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, inhibit the phosphorylation of IκBα, and inhibit the nuclear translocation of NK-κB p65 in BV-2 cells induced by LPS. Moreover, in the LPS-induced mouse model, compound 13 was found to exert anti-neuroinflammatory activity by attenuating the activation of microglia in the cortex and hippocampus, repressing the phosphorylation of IκBα, inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NK-κB p65, and decreasing the mRNA expression of iNOs, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the cortex. CONCLUSION We found that D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis had an inhibitory activity on neuroinflammation. In addition, the main active component (-)-acutissimalignan B (13) showed anti-neuroinflammatory effects in both in vivo and in vitro assays. Its mechanism of action may be associated with the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Our current findings provide new information on D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis in the treatment of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisong Bai
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, P.R.; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R
| | - Jingyu Liu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, P.R
| | - Yan Mi
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, P.R
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R
| | - Dong Liang
- Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P.R
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R.
| | - Yue Hou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, P.R..
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15
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Alishir A, Yu JS, Park M, Kim JC, Pang C, Kim JK, Jang TS, Jung WH, Kim KH. Ulmusakidian, a new coumarin glycoside and antifungal phenolic compounds from the root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 36:127828. [PMID: 33508466 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bioactivity-driven LC/MS-based phytochemical analysis of the root bark extract of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica led to the isolation of 10 compounds including a new coumarin glycoside derivative, ulmusakidian (1). The structure of the new compound was elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analyses via 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data interpretations, HR-ESIMS, and chemical transformation. The isolated compounds 1-10 were tested for their antifungal activity against human fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. Compounds 9 and 10 showed antifungal activity against C. neoformans, with the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5-25.0 µg/mL, whereas none of the compounds showed antifungal activity against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akida Alishir
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyun Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Kyu Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hee Jung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Johnson JB, Mani JS, Broszczak D, Prasad SS, Ekanayake CP, Strappe P, Valeris P, Naiker M. Hitting the sweet spot: A systematic review of the bioactivity and health benefits of phenolic glycosides from medicinally used plants. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3484-3508. [PMID: 33615599 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic acid and flavonoid glycosides form a varied class of naturally occurring compounds, characterised by high polarity-resulting from the glycone moiety-and the presence of multiple phenol functionalities, which often leads to strong antioxidant activity. Phenolic glycosides, and in particular flavonoid glycosides, may possess strong bioactive properties with broad spectrum activity. This systematic literature review provides a detailed overview of 28 studies examining the biological activity of phenolic and flavonoid glycosides from plant sources, highlighting the potential of these compounds as therapeutic agents. The activity of glycosides depends upon the biological activity type, identity of the aglycone and the identity and specific location of the glycone moiety. From studies reporting the activity of both glycosides and their respective aglycones, phenolic glycosides appear to generally be a storage/reserve pool of precursors of more bioactive compounds. The glycosylated compounds are likely to be more bioavailable compared to their aglycone forms, due to the presence of the sugar moieties. Hydrolysis of the glycoside in the in vivo environment would release the free aglycone, potentiating their biological activity. However, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of glycosides from many of the plant species studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel B Johnson
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Indigenous Health Equity Research, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Janice S Mani
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Indigenous Health Equity Research, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel Broszczak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shirtika S Prasad
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - Charitha P Ekanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Padraig Strappe
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter Valeris
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments (Oceania) Pty Ltd, Rydalmere, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mani Naiker
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Indigenous Health Equity Research, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
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17
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A 60% Edible Ethanolic Extract of Ulmus davidiana Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Angiogenesis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040781. [PMID: 33546250 PMCID: PMC7913375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As abnormal angiogenesis is associated with exacerbation of various diseases, precise control over angiogenesis is imperative. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the most well-known angiogenic factor, binds to VEGF receptor (VEGFR), activates various signaling pathways, and mediates angiogenesis. Therefore, blocking the VEGF-induced angiogenic response-related signaling pathways may alleviate various disease symptoms through inhibition of angiogenesis. Ulmus davidiana is a safe natural product that has been traditionally consumed, but its effects on endothelial cells (ECs) and the underlying mechanism of action are unclear. In the present study, we focused on the effect of a 60% edible ethanolic extract of U. davidiana (U60E) on angiogenesis. U60E inhibited the VEGF-mediated proliferation, tube formation, and migration ability of ECs. Mechanistically, U60E inhibited endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation and nitric oxide production by blocking the protein kinase B signaling pathway activated by VEGF and consequently inhibiting proliferation, tube formation, and migration of ECs. These results suggest that U60E could be a potential and safe therapeutic agent capable of suppressing proangiogenic diseases by inhibiting VEGF-induced angiogenesis.
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18
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Lee KH, Yu JS, Choi JH, Kim S, Ko YJ, Pang C, Kim KH. Ginkgobilol, a new diarylpentanoid and an osteogenic diarylpentanoid analog from Ginkgo biloba leaves. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127641. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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Lee S, Yu JS, Phung HM, Lee JG, Kim KH, Kang KS. Potential Anti-Skin Aging Effect of (-)-Catechin Isolated from the Root Bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100981. [PMID: 33066025 PMCID: PMC7601800 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during skin aging, including intrinsic (chronologic aging) and extrinsic aging (photoaging). Therefore, antioxidants that inhibit ROS generation can delay skin aging. In this study, we evaluated the potential anti-skin aging effect of (-)-phenolic compounds isolated from the root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. We preferentially investigated the possible preventive effects of isolates against the degradation of skin extracellular matrix. Among the isolates, (-)-catechin suppressed the activity of collagenase MMP-1, and reversed the degradation of collagen induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in normal human dermal fibroblast. This action mechanism of (-)-catechin was validated by the suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced accumulation of ROS and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, protein kinase B (Akt), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The proinflammatory cytokines upregulate inflammatory reactions, and ultimately promote aging-related reactions. In this milieu, we demonstrated that (-)-catechin decreased the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. In conclusion, (-)-catechin is a candidate to ameliorate both intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sullim Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Bio-Nano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Hung Manh Phung
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Jeong Gun Lee
- S-Skin Co., Ltd., #220, 17, Daehak 4-ro, Suwon 16226, Korea;
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.H.K.); (K.S.K.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7700 (K.H.K.); +82-31-750-5402 (K.S.K.); Fax: +82-31-750-5416 (K.S.K.)
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.H.K.); (K.S.K.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7700 (K.H.K.); +82-31-750-5402 (K.S.K.); Fax: +82-31-750-5416 (K.S.K.)
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20
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Attenuation of Inflammatory Symptoms by Icariside B2 in Carrageenan and LPS-Induced Inflammation Models via Regulation of MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Cascades. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071037. [PMID: 32664577 PMCID: PMC7408066 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged inflammatory responses can lead to the development of several chronic diseases, such as autoimmune disorders and the development of natural therapeutic agents is required. A murine model was used to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of the megastigmane glucoside, icariside B2 (ICSB), and the assessment was carried out in vitro, and in vivo. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of ICSB were tested using LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, and the protein expression levels of inflammatory genes and cytokines were assessed. Mice were subcutaneously injected with 1% carrageenan (CA) to induce acute phase inflammation in the paw. Inflammation was assessed by measuring paw volumes hourly; subsequently, the mice were euthanized and the right hind paw skin was expunged and processed for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analyses. ICSB inhibits LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) generation by reducing the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). ICSB also inhibits the COX-2 enzyme with an IC50 value of 7.80 ± 0.26 µM. Molecular docking analysis revealed that ICSB had a strong binding affinity with both murine and human COX-2 proteins with binding energies of −8 kcal/mol and −7.4 kcal/mol, respectively. ICSB also reduces the manifestation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, at their transcriptional and translational level. ICSB hinders inhibitory protein κBα (IκBα) phosphorylation, thereby terminating the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) nuclear translocation. ICSB also represses the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. ICSB (50 mg/kg) showed an anti-edema effect in CA-induced mice and suppressed the CA-induced increases in iNOS and COX-2 protein levels. ICSB attenuated inflammatory responses by downregulating NF-κB expression through interference with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 phosphorylation, and by modulating the expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.
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21
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Discovery of Dihydrophaseic Acid Glucosides from the Florets of Carthamus tinctorius. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070858. [PMID: 32646052 PMCID: PMC7412175 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Carthamus tinctorius L. (Compositae; safflower or Hong Hua) has been used in Korean traditional medicine for maintaining the homeostasis of body circulation. Phytochemical investigation was performed on the florets of C. tinctorius by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS), which afforded two dihydrophaseic acid glucosides (1 and 2). Isolated compounds were structurally confirmed using a combination of spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. Their absolute configurations were established by quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculations and enzymatic hydrolysis. The anti-adipogenesis activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Treatment with the dihydrophaseic acid glucoside (1) during adipocyte differentiation prevented the accumulation of lipid droplets and reduced the expression of adipogenic genes, Fabp4 and Adipsin. However, compound 2 did not affect adipogenesis. Our study yielded a dihydrophaseic acid glucoside derived from C. tinctorius, which has potential advantages for treating obesity.
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22
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Park TH, Lee S, Amatya R, Maharjan P, Kim HJ, Park WS, Ahn MJ, Kim SY, Moon C, Cheong H, Min KA, Shin MC. Development and characterization of a superabsorbing hydrogel film containing Ulmus davidiana var. Japonica root bark and pullulan for skin wound healing. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:791-802. [PMID: 32647480 PMCID: PMC7335722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (UD) has widely been used in Korean traditional medicine for the treatment of various types of diseases including inflammation and skin wounds. The UD root bark powders possess gelling activity with an excellent capacity for absorbing water. This distinct property could make the UD root bark powders to be a great material for manufacturing a gel film specifically for the healing of large and highly exudating wounds (e.g., pressure sores and diabetic ulcers). In this research, we separated the UD root bark powder into 4 different samples based on their sizes and then tested their water absorption capacity and flowability. Based on these results, 75-150 μm sized and below 75 μm sized samples of UD root bark powders were chosen, and UD gel films were prepared. The UD gel films showed good thermal stability and mechanically improved properties compared with pullulan only gel film with excellent swelling capacity and favorable skin adhesiveness. Further, in the animal studies with the skin wound mice model, the UD gel films exhibited significant therapeutic effects on accelerating wound closure and dermal regeneration. Overall, this study demonstrated the applicability of UD root bark powders for hydrogel wound dressing materials, and the potential of UD gel films to be superior wound dressings to currently available ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumi Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Reeju Amatya
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Pooja Maharjan
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesun Cheong
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ah Min
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
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Cheng S, Li N, Yu Y, Elshafei A, Jin M, Li G, Zheng M. A new flavonoid from the bark of Ulmus pumila L. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2019.103956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Stompor M, Broda D, Bajek-Bil A. Dihydrochalcones: Methods of Acquisition and Pharmacological Properties-A First Systematic Review. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244468. [PMID: 31817526 PMCID: PMC6943545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydrochalcones are a class of secondary metabolites, for which demand in biological and pharmacological applications is still growing. They posses several health-endorsing properties and, therefore, are promising candidates for further research and development. However, low content of dihydrochalcones in plants along with their low solubility and bioavailability restrict the development of these compounds as clinical therapeutics. Therefore, chemomicrobial and enzymatic modifications are required to expand their application. This review aims at analyzing and summarizing the methods of obtaining dihydrochalcones and of presenting their pharmacological actions that have been described in the literature to support potential future development of this group of compounds as novel therapeutic drugs. We have also performed an evaluation of the available literature on beneficial effects of dihydrochalcones with potent antioxidant activity and multifactorial pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, antitumor, lipometabolism regulating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and immunomodulatory ones. In addition, we provide useful information on their properties, sources, and usefulness in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stompor
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniel Broda
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Agata Bajek-Bil
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
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25
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Hu S, Li SW, Yan Q, Hu XP, Li LY, Zhou H, Pan LX, Li J, Shen CP, Xu T. Natural products, extracts and formulations comprehensive therapy for the improvement of motor function in alcoholic liver disease. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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