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Bai L, Wei C, Zhang J, Song R. Design, Synthesis, and Anti-PVY Biological Activity of 1,3,5-Triazine Derivatives Containing Piperazine Structure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098280. [PMID: 37175986 PMCID: PMC10179359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a commercial agent with antivirus activity and moroxydine hydrochloride were employed to perform a lead optimization. A series of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives with piperazine structures were devised and synthesized, and an evaluation of their anti-potato virus Y (PVY) activity revealed that several of the target compounds possessed potent anti-PVY activity. The synthesis of compound C35 was directed by a 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship that used the compound's structural parameters. The assessment of the anti-PVY activity of compound C35 revealed that its curative, protective, and inactivation activities (53.3 ± 2.5%, 56.9 ± 1.5%, and 85.8 ± 4.4%, respectively) were comparable to the positive control of ningnanmycin (49.1 ± 2.4%, 50.7 ± 4.1%, and 82.3 ± 6.4%) and were superior to moroxydine hydrochloride (36.7 ± 2.7%, 31.4 ± 2.0%, and 57.1 ± 1.8%). In addition, molecular docking demonstrated that C35 can form hydrogen bonds with glutamic acid at position 150 (GLU 150) of PVY CP, providing a partial theoretical basis for the antiviral activity of the target compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Bai
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chunle Wei
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Runjiang Song
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guiyang 550025, China
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Mekonnen Sanka B, Mamo Tadesse D, Teju Bedada E, Mengesha ET, Babu G N. Design, synthesis, biological screening and molecular docking studies of novel multifunctional 1,4-di (aryl/heteroaryl) substituted piperazine derivatives as potential antitubercular and antimicrobial agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105568. [PMID: 34968884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, two series of novel multifunctional 1, 4-di (aryl/heteroaryl) substituted piperazine derivatives (6a-d & 7a-d) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their antitubercular, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. A step-wise reduction, bromination and substitution reactions on various aldehydes resulted in alcohols (2a-d), bromides (3a-d), and titled novel compounds (6a-d & 7a-d) in moderate to good yields (48-85%). The novel compounds were evaluated for their antitubercular and antimicrobial activities. Compound 7a exhibited promising antitubercular activity (MIC: 0.65 µg/mL) almost equal to the Rifampicin, while the rest of the compounds were moderately active against MTB H37Rv except 6b. Compounds 7a and 6b showed good activity against tested fungal pathogens. Compounds 7a and 7b were proven as the best bacterial agents. Molecular docking studies were in agreement with the in-vitro results. Docking analyses show that all the synthesized molecules bind to the target protein Mtb RNAP (PDB ID: 5UHC) fairly strongly. All the compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity effect using the MTT assay method against human cancer cell line MCF-7. The compounds demonstrated growth inhibitory effect on the cell line with significant IC50 values ranging between 8.20 and 34.45 µM. Most importantly, compound 7a displayed good binding affinity towards the tested protein with binding energy -7.30 kcal/mol and a stronger hydrogen bond distance of 2.2 Å with ASN-493 residue. Thus, the present research highlighted the potential role of novel piperazine derivatives as potential antitubercular, and antimicrobial candidates and further good research into optimization might result in the development of new antitubercular drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dereje Mamo Tadesse
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Bonga University, Bonga, Ethiopia
| | - Endale Teju Bedada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Ephriem T Mengesha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Neelaiah Babu G
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
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Hricovíniová Z, Mascaretti Š, Hricovíniová J, Čížek A, Jampílek J. New Unnatural Gallotannins: A Way toward Green Antioxidants, Antimicrobials and Antibiofilm Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1288. [PMID: 34439536 PMCID: PMC8389200 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has been a source of inspiration for the development of new pharmaceutically active agents. A series of new unnatural gallotannins (GTs), derived from d-lyxose, d-ribose, l-rhamnose, d-mannose, and d-fructose have been designed and synthesized in order to study the protective and antimicrobial effects of synthetic polyphenols that are structurally related to plant-derived products. The structures of the new compounds were confirmed by various spectroscopic methods. Apart from spectral analysis, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging and iron reducing power (FRAP) assays. Antibacterial activity of compounds was tested in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 (reference and control strains), three methicillin-resistant isolates of S. aureus, and three isolates of vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis. For screening of antimycobacterial effect, a virulent isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and two non-tuberculous mycobacteria were used. Furthermore, antibiofilm activity of structurally different GTs against S. aureus, and their ability to inhibit sortase A, were inspected. Experimental data revealed that the studied GTs are excellent antioxidants and radical-scavenging agents. The compounds exhibited only a moderate antibacterial effect against Gram-positive pathogens S. aureus and E. faecalis and were practically inactive against mycobacteria. However, they were efficient inhibitors and disruptors of S. aureus biofilms in sub-MIC concentrations, and interacted with the quorum-sensing system in Chromobacteriumviolaceum. Overall, these findings suggest that synthetic GTs could be considered as promising candidates for pharmacological, biomedical, consumer products, and for food industry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Hricovíniová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Šárka Mascaretti
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (Š.M.); (J.J.)
| | - Jana Hricovíniová
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Alois Čížek
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Josef Jampílek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (Š.M.); (J.J.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Chen BB, Pan NL, Liao JX, Huang MY, Jiang DC, Wang JJ, Qiu HJ, Chen JX, Li L, Sun J. Cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes as mitochondria-targeted anticancer and antibacterial agents to induce both autophagy and apoptosis. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 219:111450. [PMID: 33826973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage will hinder the energy production of cells and produce excessive ROS (reactive oxygen species), resulting in cell death through autophagy or apoptosis. In this paper, four cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes (Ir1: [Ir(piq)2L]PF6; Ir2: [Ir(bzq)2L]PF6; Ir3: [Ir(dfppy)2L]PF6; Ir4: [Ir(thpy)2L]PF6; piq = 1-phenylisoquinoline; bzq = benzo[h]quinoline; dfppy = 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine;thpy = 2-(2-thienyl)pyridine; L = 1,10-phenanthroline-5-amine) were synthesized and characterized. Cytotoxicity tests show that these complexes have excellent cytotoxicity to cancer cells, and mechanism studies indicatethat these complexes can specifically target mitochondria. Complexes Ir1 and Ir2 can damage the function of mitochondria, subsequently increasing intracellular levels of ROS, decreasing MMP (mitochondrial membrane potential), and interfering with ATP energy production, which leads to autophagy and apoptosis. Furthermore, autophagy induced by Ir1 and Ir2 can promote cell death in coordination with apoptosis. Surprisingly, these four complexes also showed moderate antibacterial activity to S. aureusand P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; Pharmacy Department, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming 525200, China
| | - Nan-Lian Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Min-Ying Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Dong-Chun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Hai-Jun Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jia-Xi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Kos J, Kozik V, Pindjakova D, Jankech T, Smolinski A, Stepankova S, Hosek J, Oravec M, Jampilek J, Bak A. Synthesis and Hybrid SAR Property Modeling of Novel Cholinesterase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073444. [PMID: 33810550 PMCID: PMC8037530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A library of novel 4-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-hydroxybenzoic acid amides was designed and synthesized in order to provide potential acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (AChE/BChE) inhibitors; the in vitro inhibitory profile and selectivity index were specified. Benzyl(3-hydroxy-4-{[2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]carbamoyl}phenyl)carbamate was the best AChE inhibitor with the inhibitory concentration of IC50 = 36.05 µM in the series, while benzyl{3-hydroxy-4-[(2-methoxyphenyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}-carbamate was the most potent BChE inhibitor (IC50 = 22.23 µM) with the highest selectivity for BChE (SI = 2.26). The cytotoxic effect was evaluated in vitro for promising AChE/BChE inhibitors. The newly synthesized adducts were subjected to the quantitative shape comparison with the generation of an averaged pharmacophore pattern. Noticeably, three pairs of fairly similar fluorine/bromine-containing compounds can potentially form the activity cliff that is manifested formally by high structure–activity landscape index (SALI) numerical values. The molecular docking study was conducted for the most potent AChE/BChE inhibitors, indicating that the hydrophobic interactions were overwhelmingly generated with Gln119, Asp70, Pro285, Thr120, and Trp82 aminoacid residues, while the hydrogen bond (HB)-donor ones were dominated with Thr120. π-stacking interactions were specified with the Trp82 aminoacid residue of chain A as well. Finally, the stability of chosen liganded enzymatic systems was assessed using the molecular dynamic simulations. An attempt was made to explain the noted differences of the selectivity index for the most potent molecules, especially those bearing unsubstituted and fluorinated methoxy group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Kos
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Violetta Kozik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40007 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Dominika Pindjakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.P.); (T.J.)
| | - Timotej Jankech
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.P.); (T.J.)
- NT-LAB o.z., Teplicka 35, 92101 Piestany, Slovakia
| | - Adam Smolinski
- GiG Research Institute, Pl. Gwarkow 1, 40166 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Sarka Stepankova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Hosek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Belidla 986/4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.P.); (T.J.)
| | - Andrzej Bak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40007 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (A.B.)
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