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Paoletti N, Supuran CT. Benzothiazole derivatives in the design of antitumor agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400259. [PMID: 38873921 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Benzothiazoles are a class of heterocycles with multiple applications as anticancer, antibiotic, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory agents. Benzothiazole is a privileged scaffold in drug discovery programs for modulating a variety of biological functions. This review focuses on the design and synthesis of new benzothiazole derivatives targeting hypoxic tumors. Cancer is a major health problem, being among the leading causes of death. Tumor-hypoxic areas promote proliferation, malignancy, and resistance to drug treatment, leading to the dysregulation of key signaling pathways that involve drug targets such as vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor, hepatocyte growth factor receptor, dual-specificity protein kinase, cyclin-dependent protein kinases, casein kinase 2, Rho-related coil formation protein kinase, tunica interna endothelial cell kinase, cyclooxygenase-2, adenosine kinase, lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, thioredoxin, heat shock proteins, and carbonic anhydrase IX/XII. In turn, they regulate angiogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival, controlling the cell cycle, inflammation, the immune system, and metabolic alterations. A wide diversity of benzothiazoles were reported over the last years to interfere with various proteins involved in tumorigenesis and, more specifically, in hypoxic tumors. Many hypoxic targets are overexpressed as a result of the hypoxia-inducible factor activation cascade and may not be present in normal tissues, providing a potential strategy for selectively targeting hypoxic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Paoletti
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical & Nutraceutical Sciences, Polo Scientifico, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical & Nutraceutical Sciences, Polo Scientifico, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
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2
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Al-Karmalawy AA, Mousa MHA, Sharaky M, Mourad MAE, El-Dessouki AM, Hamouda AO, Alnajjar R, Ayed AA, Shaldam MA, Tawfik HO. Lead Optimization of BIBR1591 To Improve Its Telomerase Inhibitory Activity: Design and Synthesis of Novel Four Chemical Series with In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Preclinical Assessments. J Med Chem 2024; 67:492-512. [PMID: 38117230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Herein, modifications to the previously reported BIBR1591 were conducted to obtain bioisosteric candidates with improved activities. The % inhibition of the newly afforded candidates against the telomerase target was investigated. Notably, 6f achieved superior telomerase inhibition (63.14%) compared to BIBR1532 and BIBR1591 (69.64 and 51.58%, respectively). In addition, 8a and 8b showed comparable promising telomerase inhibition with 58.65 and 55.57%, respectively, which were recorded to be frontier to that of BIBR1591. 6f, 8a, and 8b were tested against five cancer cell lines related to the lung and liver subtypes. Moreover, 6f was examined on both cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction in HuH7 cancer cells. Furthermore, the in vivo antitumor activity of 6f was further assessed in female mice with solid Ehrlich carcinoma. In addition, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were carried out. Collectively, 6f, 8a, and 8b could be considered potential new telomerase inhibitors to be subjected to further investigation and/or optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6h of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Mai H A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo 11786, Egypt
| | - Marwa Sharaky
- Cancer Biology Department, Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Mai A E Mourad
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said 42511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Dessouki
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Amir O Hamouda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Radwan Alnajjar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Benghazi, Benghazi 1308, Libya
- PharmD, Faculty of Pharmacy, Libyan International Medical University, Benghazi 1308, Libya
| | - Abdelmoneim A Ayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Moataz A Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Haytham O Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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3
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Huang G, Cierpicki T, Grembecka J. 2-Aminobenzothiazoles in anticancer drug design and discovery. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106477. [PMID: 36989736 PMCID: PMC10718064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Substantial research efforts have been made to develop new chemical entities with improved anticancer efficacy. 2-Aminobenzothiazole is an important class of heterocycles containing one sulfur and two nitrogen atoms, which is associated with a broad spectrum of medical and pharmacological activities, including antitumor, antibacterial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities. In recent years, an extraordinary collection of potent and low-toxicity 2-aminobenzothiazole compounds have been discovered as new anticancer agents. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of this class of compounds based on their activities against tumor-related proteins, including tyrosine kinases (CSF1R, EGFR, VEGFR-2, FAK, and MET), serine/threonine kinases (Aurora, CDK, CK, RAF, and DYRK2), PI3K kinase, BCL-XL, HSP90, mutant p53 protein, DNA topoisomerase, HDAC, NSD1, LSD1, FTO, mPGES-1, SCD, hCA IX/XII, and CXCR. In addition, the anticancer potentials of 2-aminobenzothiazole-derived chelators and metal complexes are also described here. Moreover, the design strategies, mechanism of actions, structure-activity relationships (SAR) and more advanced stages of pre-clinical development of 2-aminobenzothiazoles as new anticancer agents are extensively reviewed in this article. Finally, the examples that 2-aminobenzothiazoles showcase an advantage over other heterocyclic systems are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Tomasz Cierpicki
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jolanta Grembecka
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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4
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Kashyap P, Verma S, Gupta P, Narang R, Lal S, Devgun M. Recent insights into antibacterial potential of benzothiazole derivatives. Med Chem Res 2023; 32:1-31. [PMID: 37362317 PMCID: PMC10226039 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-023-03077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worldwide concern among infectious diseases due to increased mortality, morbidity and treatment cost. According to WHO 2019 report, among the 32 antibiotics in the clinical trials, only six were classified as innovative and containing novel moiety. The remaining antibiotics from this list contain previously known moiety (WHO AMR 2019). Therefore, the development of novel antibiotics to control resistance problems is crucial. Benzothiazole derivatives are of great interest due to their wide range of biological activities and medicinal applications. Reported data indicated that benzothiazole derivatives displayed antibacterial activity by inhibiting the dihydroorotase, DNA gyrase, uridine diphosphate-n-acetyl enol pyruvyl glucosamine reductase (MurB), peptide deformylase, aldose reductase, casdihydrofolate reductase, enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase, dialkylglycine decarboxylase, dehydrosqualene synthase, dihydropteroate synthase and tyrosine kinase. The present review analyzed the synthesis, structure-activity relationship (SAR) and mechanism of action studies of benzothiazole derivatives as antibacterial agents reported by various research groups in the last five years (2018-2022). Different patents on the antimicrobial activity of benzothiazole derivatives have also been summarized. The finding of the present review will be beneficial for the researchers in the development of novel antibacterial molecules based on benzothiazole moiety. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kashyap
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
| | - Sangeeta Verma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
| | - Pankaj Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
| | - Rakesh Narang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
| | - Sukhbir Lal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
| | - Manish Devgun
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
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5
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Amin NH, El-Saadi MT, Abdel-Fattah MM, Mohammed AA, Said EG. Development of certain aminoquinazoline scaffolds as potential multitarget anticancer agents with apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106496. [PMID: 36989735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Newly designed 4 - aminoquinazoline derivatives (5a-f, 6a, b, 7, 8, 9, 10a-c, 11a, b, 12a, b and 13a, b) have been synthesized and evaluated for their potential multitarget anticancer activities, apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects. Thereupon, in vitro cytotoxic activities of all the synthesized compounds were screened against NCI 60 human cancer cell lines (nine subpanels) at NCI, USA. Successfully, 2-morpholino-N-(quinazolin-4-yl) acetohydrazide 5e was granted an NSC code, owing to its significant potency and broad spectrum of activity against various cancer cell lines; leukemia K-562, non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H522 cells, colon cancer SW-620, melanoma LOX IMVI, MALME-3M, renal cancer RXF 393, ACHN and breast cancer MDA-MB231/ATCC (GI% = 99.6, 161, 126.03, 90.22, 174.47, 139.7, 191 and 97, respectively). Compound 5e showed the best inhibitory activity (GI50 = 1.3 µM) against melanoma LOX IMVI, when tested at five doses against NCI 60 cell lines. Furthermore, compound 5e showed comparable EGFR and CDK2 inhibitory activity results (IC50 = 0.093 ± 0.006 μM and 0.143 ± 0.008 μM, respectively) to those of lapatinib and ribociclib (IC50 = 0.03 ± 0.002 μM and 0.067 ± 0.004 μM, respectively). Western blotting analysis of compound 5e against melanoma LOX IMVI marked out significant reduced EGFR and CDK2 protein expression percentages, up to 32.97% and 34.09%, respectively, if compared to lapatinib (31.18%) and ribociclib (29.66%). Moreover, compound 5e caused clear cell cycle arrests at S phase of renal UO-31 cells and at G1 phase of both breast cancer MCF7 and ovarian cancer IGROV1, associated with remarkable increase of DNA content of the controls. In accordance, it demonstrated promising anti- proliferative and apoptotic activities, showing a significant increase in total apoptotic percentages of renal cancer UO-31, breast cancer MCF7 and ovarian IGROV1 cancer cell lines, if compared to the control untreated cells (from 1.79% to 46.72%, 2.19% to 39.02% and 1.66 to 42.51%, respectively). Molecular modelling and dynamic simulation study results supported the main objectives of the present work.
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Ramya Sucharitha E, Kumar Nukala S, Swamy Thirukovela N, Palabindela R, Sreerama R, Narsimha S. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Benzo[d] thiazolyl‐Sulfonyl‐Benzo[4,5]isothiazolo [2,3‐c][1,2,3] triazole Derivatives as EGFR Targeting Anticancer Agents. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Ramya Sucharitha
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Hanumakonda, Telangana India
| | - Satheesh Kumar Nukala
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Hanumakonda, Telangana India
| | | | | | - Rakesh Sreerama
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Hanumakonda, Telangana India
| | - Sirassu Narsimha
- Department of Chemistry Chaitanya (Deemed to be University) Hanumakonda, Telangana India
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Coşkun GP, Sahin Z, Erdoğan Ö, Çevik Ö, Biltekin SN, Yurttas L, Berk B, Ülgen M, Demirayak Ş. Discovery of novel potent human chondrosarcoma (SW1353) inhibitors: 4-(2/3/4-pyridyl)thiazole 2-acetamide derivatives. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Kolcuoglu Y, Bekircan O, Fazli H, Sahin E, Ture A, Akdemir A, Hamarat Sanlier S. Design and synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds containing 5-[(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-3 H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione structure as potent hEGFR inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12753-12767. [PMID: 36688370 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2167113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
EGFR is one of the important mediators of the signaling cascade that determines key roles in various biological processes such as growth, differentiation, metabolism and apoptosis in the cell in response to external and internal stimuli. In recent years, it has been proven that although this enzyme activity is tightly regulated in normal cells, if the enzyme activity cannot be controlled, it can lead to malignancy. EGFR is also considered a prominent macromolecule in targeted cancer chemotherapy. For this purpose, a comprehensive modeling studies were conducted against EGFR protein and novel molecules containing 5-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione structure were suggested to be synthesized. Among the synthesized molecules, compounds 7c, 8c, 8f and 8g were determined to have significant IC50 values. Compound 8g was found to have the IC50 value closest to the very well-known EGFR inhibitor Gefitinib with its noncompetitive inhibition form. Ki value of compound 8g was calculated as 0.00232 µM.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakup Kolcuoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Olcay Bekircan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Hilal Fazli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Emine Sahin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Aslı Ture
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Senay Hamarat Sanlier
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
- Center for Drug Research, Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications (ARGEFAR), Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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9
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Minami K, Minakawa M, Uozumi Y. Preparation of Benzothiazoles and Heterocyclic Spiro Compounds Through Cu‐catalyzed S–S Bond Cleavage and C–S Bond Formation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Minami
- Yamagata University: Yamagata Daigaku Graduate School of Science and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Maki Minakawa
- Yamagata University: Yamagata Daigaku Graduate School of Science and Engineering 4-3-16, Jonan 992-8510 Yonezawa JAPAN
| | - Yasuhiro Uozumi
- Institute of Molecular Sciences: Institut des Sciences Moleculaires Complex Catalysis 5-1, Higashiyama, Myodaiji 444-8787 Okazaki JAPAN
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Hashem HE, Amr AEGE, Nossier ES, Anwar MM, Azmy EM. New Benzimidazole-, 1,2,4-Triazole-, and 1,3,5-Triazine-Based Derivatives as Potential EGFR WT and EGFR T790M Inhibitors: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Anticancer Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7155-7171. [PMID: 35252706 PMCID: PMC8892849 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new series of benzimidazole, 1,2,4-triazole, and 1,3,5-triazine derivatives were designed and synthesized using a microwave irradiation synthetic approach utilizing 2-phenylacetyl isothiocyanate (1) as a key starting material. All the new analogues were evaluated as anticancer agents against a panel of cancer cell lines utilizing doxorubicin as a standard drug. Most of the tested derivatives exhibited selective cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and A-549 cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the new target compounds 5, 6, and 7 as the most potent antiproliferative agents have been assessed as in vitro EGFRWT and EGFRT790M inhibitors compared to the reference drugs erlotinib and AZD9291. They represented more potent suppression activity against the mutated EGFRT790M than the wild-type EGFRWT. Moreover, the compounds 5, 6, and 7 down-regulated the oncogenic parameter p53 ubiquitination. A docking simulation of compound 6b was carried out to correlate its molecular structure with its significant EGFR inhibition potency and its possible binding interactions within the active site of EGFRWT and the mutant EGFRT790M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba E. Hashem
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Women, Ain Shams
University, Heliopolis, Cairo 11757, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Galil E. Amr
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC),
College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Applied
Organic Chemistry Department, National Research
Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Eman S. Nossier
- Pharmaceutical
Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy
(Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
| | - Manal M. Anwar
- Department
of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research
Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Eman M. Azmy
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Women, Ain Shams
University, Heliopolis, Cairo 11757, Egypt
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Nehra B, Mathew B, A Chawla P. A medicinal chemist's perspective towards structure activity relationship of heterocycle based anti-cancer agents. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:493-528. [PMID: 35021975 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220111142617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe structure activity relationship of heterocyclic derivatives with multi-targeted anticancer activity. OBJECTIVES With the following goals in mind, this review tries to describe significant recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of heterocycle-based compounds: (1) To shed light on recent literature focused on heterocyclic derivatives' anticancer potential; (2) To discuss recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of heterocyclic derivatives, as well as their biological implications for cancer eradication; (3) To summarise the comprehensive correlation of structure activity relationship (SAR) with pharmacological outcomes in cancer therapy. BACKGROUND Cancer remains one of the major serious health issues devastating the world today. Cancer is a complex disease in which improperly altered cells proliferate at an uncontrolled, rapid, and severe rate. Variables such as poor dietary habits, high stress, age, and smoking, can all contribute to the development of cancer. Cancer can affect almost any organ or tissue, although the brain, breast, liver, and colon are the most frequently affected organs. From several years, surgical operations and irradiation are in use along with chemotherapy as a primary treatment of cancer but still effective treatment of cancer remains a huge challenge. Chemotherapy is now one of the most effective strategies to eradicate cancer, although it has been shown to have a number of cytotoxic and unfavourable effects on normal cells. Despite all of these cancer treatments, there are several other targets for anticancer drugs. Cancer can be effectively eradicated by focusing on these targets, which include both cell-specific and receptor-specific targets such as tyrosine kinase receptors (TKIs). Heterocyclic scaffolds also have a variety of applications in drug development and are a common moiety in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and textile industries. METHODS The association between structural activity relationship data of many powerful compounds and their anticancer potential in vitro and in vivo has been studied. SAR of powerful heterocyclic compounds can also be generated using molecular docking simulations, as reported vastly in literature. CONCLUSIONS Heterocycles have a wide range of applications, from natural compounds to synthesised derivatives with powerful anticancer properties. To avoid cytotoxicity or unfavourable effects on normal mammalian cells due to a lack of selectivity towards the target site, as well as to reduce the occurrence of drug resistance, safer anticancer lead compounds with higher potency and lower cytotoxicity are needed. This review emphasizes on design and development of heterocyclic lead compounds with promising anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupender Nehra
- University College of Pharmacy, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab-151302, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi-682041, India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, India
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12
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Wang Y, Zhou R, Sun N, He M, Wu Y, Xue W. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 1,4‐pentadien‐3‐one derivatives bearing a benzothiazole moiety. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals Guizhou University Guiyang China
- Monitoring of Four Families Anshun Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Anshun China
| | - Ran Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Nan Sun
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Ming He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- Institute of Agro‐bioengineering/College of Life Sciences Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Wei Xue
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals Guizhou University Guiyang China
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13
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Shirani MA, Maleki MH, Asadi P, Dinari M. Benzothiazolopyridine compounds: Facial synthesis, characterization, and molecular docking study on estrogen and progesterone receptors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Sharma B, Singh VJ, Chawla PA. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors as potential anticancer agents: An update of recent progress. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105393. [PMID: 34628226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a vital intermediate in cell signaling pathway including cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and metastatic spread and also having four divergent members with similar structural features, such as EGFR (HER1/ErbB1), ErbB2 (HER2/neu), ErbB3 (HER3), and ErbB4 (HER4). Despite this, clinically exploited inhibitors of EGFR (including erlotinib, lapatinib, gefitinib, selumetinib, etc.) are not specific thus provoking unenviable adverse effects. Some of the paramount obstacles to generate and develop new lead molecules of EGFR inhibitors are drug resistance, mutation, and also selectivity which inspire medicinal chemists to generate novel chemotypes. The discovery of therapeutic agents that inhibit the precise stage in tumorous cells such as EGFR is one of the chief successful targets in many cancer therapies, including lung and breast cancers. This review aims to compile the various recent progressions (2016-2021) in the discovery and development of diverse epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors belonging to distinct structural classes like pyrazoline, pyrazole, imidazole, pyrimidine, coumarin, benzothiazole, etc. We have summarized preclinical and clinical data, structure-activity relationships (SAR) containing mechanistic and in silico studies to provide proposals for the design and invention of new EGFR inhibitors with therapeutic significance. The detailed progress of the work in the field will provide inexorable scope for the development of novel drug candidates with greater selectivity and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Vikram Jeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India.
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15
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Haider K, Rehman S, Pathak A, Najmi AK, Yar MS. Advances in 2-substituted benzothiazole scaffold-based chemotherapeutic agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100246. [PMID: 34467567 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapy plays a pivotal role in cancer therapeutics by countering the drawbacks of conventional treatment like adverse events and drug resistance. Over the last decade, heterocyclic derivatives have received considerable attention as cytotoxic agents by modulating various signaling pathways. Benzothiazole is an important heterocyclic scaffold that has been explored for its therapeutic potential. Benzothiazole-based derivatives have emerged as potent inhibitors of enzymes such as EGFR, VEGFR, PI3K, topoisomerases, and thymidylate kinases. Several researchers have designed, synthesized, and evaluated benzothiazole scaffold-based enzyme inhibitors. Of these, several inhibitors have entered various phases of clinical trials. This review describes the recent advances and developments of benzothiazole architecture-based derivatives as potent anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sara Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul K Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad S Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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