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Ullah S, Ullah A, Waqas M, Halim SA, Pasha AR, Shafiq Z, Mali SN, Jawarkar RD, Khan A, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Kashtoh H, Al-Harrasi A. Structural, dynamic behaviour, in-vitro and computational investigations of Schiff's bases of 1,3-diphenyl urea derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12588. [PMID: 38822113 PMCID: PMC11143201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 has had a significant influence on people's lives across the world. The viral genome has undergone numerous unanticipated changes that have given rise to new varieties, raising alarm on a global scale. Bioactive phytochemicals derived from nature and synthetic sources possess lot of potential as pathogenic virus inhibitors. The goal of the recent study is to report new inhibitors of Schiff bases of 1,3-dipheny urea derivatives against SARS COV-2 spike protein through in-vitro and in-silico approach. Total 14 compounds were evaluated, surprisingly, all the compounds showed strong inhibition with inhibitory values between 79.60% and 96.00% inhibition. Here, compounds 3a (96.00%), 3d (89.60%), 3e (84.30%), 3f (86.20%), 3g (88.30%), 3h (86.80%), 3k (82.10%), 3l (90.10%), 3m (93.49%), 3n (85.64%), and 3o (81.79%) exhibited high inhibitory potential against SARS COV-2 spike protein. While 3c also showed significant inhibitory potential with 79.60% inhibition. The molecular docking of these compounds revealed excellent fitting of molecules in the spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) with good interactions with the key residues of RBD and docking scores ranging from - 4.73 to - 5.60 kcal/mol. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation for 150 ns indicated a strong stability of a complex 3a:6MOJ. These findings obtained from the in-vitro and in-silico study reflect higher potency of the Schiff bases of 1,3-diphenyl urea derivatives. Furthermore, also highlight their medicinal importance for the treatment of SARS COV-2 infection. Therefore, these small molecules could be a possible drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Atta Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Anam Rubbab Pasha
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Suraj N Mali
- School of Pharmacy, D.Y. Patil University (Deemed to be University), Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India
| | - Rahul D Jawarkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Pharmacy, University Mardi Road, Amravati, 444603, India
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdy Kashtoh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
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2
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Kothari M, Kannan K, Sahadevan R, Sadhukhan S. Novel molecular hybrids of EGCG and quinoxaline: Potent multi-targeting antidiabetic agents that inhibit α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130175. [PMID: 38360242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease and its effective therapy often demands several drugs with different modes of action. Herein, we report a rational design and synthesis of multi-targeting novel molecular hybrids comprised of EGCG and quinoxaline derivatives that can effectively inhibit α-glucosidase, α-amylase as well as control oxidative stress by scavenging ROS. The hybrids showed superior inhibition of α-glucosidase along with similar α-amylase inhibition as compared to standard drug, acarbose. Most potent compound, 15c showed an IC50 of 0.50 μM (IC50 of acarbose 190 μM) against α-glucosidase. Kinetics studies with 15c revealed a competitive inhibition against α-glucosidase. Binding affinity of 15c (-9.5 kcal/mol) towards α-glucosidase was significantly higher than acarbose (-7.7 kcal/mol). 15c exhibited remarkably high antioxidant activity (IC50 = 18.84 μM), much better than vitamin C (IC50 = 33.04 μM). Of note, acarbose shows no antioxidant activity. Furthermore, α-amylase activity was effectively inhibited by 15c with an IC50 value of 16.35 μM. No cytotoxicity was observed for 15c (up to 40 μM) in MCF-7 cells. Taken together, we report a series of multi-targeting molecular hybrids capable of inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes as well as reducing oxidative stress, thus representing an advancement towards effective and novel therapeutic approaches for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manan Kothari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India
| | - Karthika Kannan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India
| | - Revathy Sahadevan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India; Physical & Chemical Biology Laboratory and Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India.
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3
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Ullah S, Halim SA, Waqas M, Mansoor F, Avula SK, Khan FA, Perviaz M, Ogaly HA, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Biochemical and computational inhibition of α-glucosidase by novel metronidazole-linked 1 H-1,2,3-triazole and carboxylate moieties: kinetics and dynamic investigations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38433423 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2322622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, metronidazole derivatives containing 1H-1,2,3-triazole and carboxylate moieties were evaluated in vitro and by computational methods for their anti-diabetic potential to insight into their medicinal use for the management of type II diabetes mellitus. Interestingly all 14 compounds displayed high to significant inhibitory capability against the key carbohydrate's digestive enzyme α-glucosidase with IC50 values in range of 9.73-56.39 μM, as compared to marketed drug acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 μM). Compounds 5i and 7c exhibited the highest inhibition, therefore, these two compounds were further evaluated for their mechanistic studies to explore its type of inhibition. Compounds 5i and 7c both displayed a concentration-dependent (competitive type of inhibition) with Ki values 7.14 ± 0.01, 6.15 ± 0.02 μM, respectively, which conclude their favourable interactions with the active site residues of the α-glucosidase. Interestingly all compounds are non-cytotoxic against BJ cell line. To further validate our findings, in-silico approaches like molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations were applied to investigate the mode of bindings of compounds with the enzyme and identifies their inhibition mechanism, which strongly complements our experimental findings.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Farheen Mansoor
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Satya Kumar Avula
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Farhan A Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Perviaz
- Department of Basic & Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
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Naseem S, Fatima S, Ullah S, Khan A, Mali SN, Jawarkar RD, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Al-Harrasi A, Shafiq Z. Carbonylbis(hydrazine-1-carbothioamide) derivatives as a new class of α-glucosidase inhibitors and their mechanistic insights via molecular docking and dynamic simulations. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300604. [PMID: 38148299 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
In the past, efforts have been made to find a cure for diabetes, mainly evaluating new classes of compounds to explore their potency. In this study, we present the synthesis and evaluation of carbonylbis(hydrazine-1-carbothioamide) derivatives as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors, employing both in vivo and in silico investigations. The in vitro experiments revealed that all tested compounds were significantly potent for α-glucosidase inhibition, with the lead compound 3a displaying approximately 80 times higher activity than acarbose. To delve deeper, in silico induced fit docking, pharmacokinetics, and molecular dynamics studies were conducted. Significantly, compound 3a exhibited a docking score of -7.87 kcal/mol, surpassing acarbose, which had a docking score of -6.59 kcal/mol. The in silico ADMET indicated that most of the synthesized compounds have properties conducive to drug development. Molecular dynamics analysis demonstrated that, when the ligand 3a was coupled with the target 3TOP, Cα-RMSD backbone RMSD values below 2.4 Å and "Lig_fit_Prot" values below 2.7 Å were observed. QSAR analysis demonstrates that the "fOC8A" descriptor positively correlates with α-glucosidase inhibition activity, while "lipoplus_AbSA" positively contributes and "notringC_notringO_8B" negatively contributes to this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Naseem
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shamool Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Suraj N Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India
| | - Rahul D Jawarkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Pharmacy, Amravati, India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Bonn, Germany
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5
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Ullah S, Waqas M, Halim SA, Khan I, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Makeen HA, Ibrar A, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Triazolothiadiazoles and triazolothiadiazines as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: Mechanistic insights from kinetics studies, molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126227. [PMID: 37558024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has been considered as a serious health problem worldwide due its high prevalence rate and associated complications. In this context, the current research work aims at exploring new structural leads for the treatment of a major metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus type 2. The outcomes of our prior studies on a diverse set of triazolothiadiazole and triazolothiadiazine derivatives and their therapeutic potential, encouraged us to explore their anti-diabetic competency by targeting the key carbohydrate catabolic enzyme, α-glucosidase. Therefore, all these analogues were examined to reveal their contribution towards this severe metabolic issue. Interestingly, all the tested compounds (2a-2l and 3a-3p) exhibited several times more potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50 in the range of 2.44-219.93 μM) as compared to marketed drug, acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 μM). Furthermore, their mechanism of action was investigated through in vitro kinetics studies which revealed compounds 3a, 3d, 3o, and 2k as competitive inhibitors, and 3f as a mixed type inhibitor of α-glucosidase. In addition, in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were applied to observe the mode of interaction of the active hits within the binding pocket of α-glucosidase. Both docking and simulation results favored our in vitro mechanistic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz A Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur KPK-22620, Pakistan.
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
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Tariq HZ, Saeed A, Ullah S, Fatima N, Halim SA, Khan A, El-Seedi HR, Ashraf MZ, Latif M, Al-Harrasi A. Synthesis of novel coumarin-hydrazone hybrids as α-glucosidase inhibitors and their molecular docking studies. RSC Adv 2023; 13:26229-26238. [PMID: 37670997 PMCID: PMC10475976 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03953f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and more than 90% of diabetic patients suffer from type-2 diabetes, which is characterized by hyperglycemia. α-Glucosidase inhibition has become an appropriate approach to tackle high blood glucose levels. The current study was focused on synthesizing coumarin-hydrazone hybrids (7a-i) by using facile chemical reactions. The synthesized compounds were characterized by using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and IR. To evaluate their anti-diabetic capability, all of the conjugates were screened for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity to reveal their therapeutic importance. All of the compounds (except 7b) demonstrated significant enzyme inhibitory potential with IC50 values ranging between 2.39-57.52 μM, as compared to the standard inhibitor, acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 μM). Among them, compound 7c is the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitor (IC50 = 2.39 ± 0.05 μM). Additionally, molecular docking was employed to scrutinize the binding pattern of active compounds within the α-glucosidase binding site. The in silico analysis reflects that hydrazone moiety is an essential pharmacophore for the binding of compounds with the active site residues of the enzyme. This study demonstrates that compounds 7c and 7f deserve further molecular optimization for potential application in diabetic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Zara Tariq
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan +92-51-9064-2128
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan +92-51-9064-2128
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Noor Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan +92-51-9064-2128
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom 32512 Egypt
| | | | - Muhammad Latif
- Centre for Genetics and Inherited Diseases (CGID), Taibah University Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
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Avula S, Ullah S, Halim SA, Khan A, Anwar MU, Csuk R, Al-Harrasi A, Rostami A. Meldrum-Based-1 H-1,2,3-Triazoles as Antidiabetic Agents: Synthesis, In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibition Activity, Molecular Docking Studies, and In Silico Approach. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24901-24911. [PMID: 37483205 PMCID: PMC10357758 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel alkyl derivatives (2-5a,b) and 1H-1,2,3-triazole analogues (7a-k) of Meldrum's acid were synthesized in a highly effective way by using "click" chemistry and screened for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity to examine their antidiabetic potential. 1H NMR, 13C-NMR, and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HR-ESI-MS) were used to analyze each of the newly synthesized compounds. Interestingly, these compounds demonstrated high to moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory potency having an IC50 range of 4.63-80.21 μM. Among these derivatives, compound 7i showed extraordinary inhibitory activity and was discovered to be several times more potent than the parent compound Meldrum (1) and the standard drug acarbose. Later, molecular docking was performed to understand the binding mode and the binding strength of all the compounds with the target enzyme, which revealed that all compounds are well fitted in the active site of α-glucosidase. To further ascertain the structure of compounds, suitable X-ray single crystals of compounds 5a, 7a, and 7h were developed and studied. The current investigation has shown that combining 1H-1,2,3-triazole with the Meldrum moiety is beneficial. Furthermore, this is the first time that the aforementioned activity of these compounds has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya
Kumar Avula
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33,
Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33,
Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33,
Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33,
Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad U. Anwar
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33,
Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Organic
Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33,
Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ali Rostami
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33,
Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
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Talab F, Ullah S, Alam A, Halim SA, Rehman NU, Zainab, Ali M, Latif A, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A, Ahmad M. Bio-Oriented Synthesis of Novel Polyhydroquinoline Derivatives as α-Glucosidase Inhibitor for Management of Diabetes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6234-6243. [PMID: 36844517 PMCID: PMC9948207 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroquinoline derivatives (1-15) were synthesized through an unsymmetrical Hantzsch reaction in excellent yields by treating 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, dimedone, ammonium acetate, and ethyl acetoacetate in ethanol solvent. The structures of the synthesized compounds (1-15) were deduced through different spectroscopic techniques such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR-ESI-MS. The synthesized products were tested for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity where compounds 11 (IC50 = 0.56 ± 0.01 μM), 10 (IC50 = 0.94 ± 0.01 μM), 4 (IC50 = 1.47 ± 0.01 μM), 2 (IC50 = 2.20 ± 0.03 μM), 6 (IC50 = 2.20 ± 0.03 μM), 12 (IC50 = 2.22 ± 0.07 μM), 7 (IC50 = 2.76 ± 0.04 μM), 9 (IC50 = 2.78 ± 0.03 μM), and 3 (IC50 = 2.88 ± 0.05 μM) exhibited high potential for the inhibition of α-glucosidase, while the rest of the compounds (8, 5, 14, 15, and 13) showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory potential with IC50 values of 3.13 ± 0.10, 3.34 ± 0.06, 4.27 ± 0.13, 6.34 ± 0.15, and 21.37 ± 0.61 μM, respectively. Among the synthesized series, two compounds, i.e., 11 and 10, showed potent α-glucosidase inhibitory potential higher than the standard. All the compounds were compared with standard drug "acarbose" (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 μM). An in silico method was used to predict their mode of binding within the active site of enzyme to understand their mechanism of inhibition. Our in silico observation complements with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Talab
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, P.O. Box 18800,
Dir Lower, Malakand18800Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC, Birkat Al Mauz, 616Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, P.O. Box 18800,
Dir Lower, Malakand18800Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC, Birkat Al Mauz, 616Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC, Birkat Al Mauz, 616Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Zainab
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei
Normal University, Shijiazhuang050024, China
| | - Mumtaz Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, P.O. Box 18800,
Dir Lower, Malakand18800Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Latif
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, P.O. Box 18800,
Dir Lower, Malakand18800Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC, Birkat Al Mauz, 616Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC, Birkat Al Mauz, 616Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, P.O. Box 18800,
Dir Lower, Malakand18800Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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9
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Rehman NU, Ullah S, Alam T, Halim SA, Mohanta TK, Khan A, Anwar MU, Csuk R, Avula SK, Al-Harrasi A. Discovery of New Boswellic Acid Hybrid 1 H-1,2,3-Triazoles for Diabetic Management: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:229. [PMID: 37259377 PMCID: PMC9960759 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 24 new 1H-1,2,3-triazole hybrids of 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (β-AKBA (1)) and 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (β-KBA (2)) was designed and synthesized by employing "click" chemistry in a highly efficient manner. The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between β-AKBA-propargyl ester intermediate 3 or β-KBA-propargyl ester intermediate 4 with substituted aromatic azides 5a-5k in the presence of copper iodide (CuI) and Hünig's base furnished the desired products-1H-1,2,3-triazole hybrids of β-AKBA (6a-6k) and β-KBA (7a-7k)-in high yields. All new synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and HR-ESI-MS spectrometry. Furthermore, their α-glucosidase-inhibitory activity was evaluated in vitro. Interestingly, the results obtained from the α-glucosidase-inhibitory assay revealed that all the synthesized derivatives are highly potent inhibitors, with IC50 values ranging from 0.22 to 5.32 µM. Among all the compounds, 6f, 7h, 6j, 6h, 6g, 6c, 6k, 7g, and 7k exhibited exceptional inhibitory potency and were found to be several times more potent than the parent compounds 1 and 2, as well as standard acarbose. Kinetic studies of compounds 6g and 7h exhibited competitive and mixed types of inhibition, with ki values of 0.84 ± 0.007 and 1.18 ± 0.0012 µM, respectively. Molecular docking was carried out to investigate the binding modes of these compounds with α-glucosidase. The molecular docking interactions indicated that that all compounds are well fitted in the active site of α-glucosidase, where His280, Gln279, Asp215, His351, Arg442, and Arg315 mainly stabilize the binding of these compounds. The current study demonstrates the usefulness of incorporating a 1H-1,2,3-triazole moiety into the medicinally fascinating boswellic acids skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Tanveer Alam
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Tapan Kumar Mohanta
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad U. Anwar
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Satya Kumar Avula
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
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Pasha AR, Khan A, Ullah S, Halim SA, Hussain J, Khalid M, Naseer MM, El-Kott AF, Negm S, Al-Harrasi A, Shafiq Z. Synthesis of new diphenyl urea-clubbed imine analogs and its Implications in diabetic management through in vitro and in silico approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1877. [PMID: 36725861 PMCID: PMC9892044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health issue with high rate of prevalence. The inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme has prime importance in the management of T2DM. This study was established to synthesize Schiff bases of 1,3-dipheny urea (3a-y) and to investigate their in vitro anti-diabetic capability via inhibiting α-glucosidase, a key player in the catabolism of carbohydrates. The structures of all compounds were confirmed through various techniques including, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass-spectrometry (MS) methods. Interestingly all these compounds displayed potent inhibition IC50 values in range of 2.14-115 µM as compared to acarbose used as control. Additionally, all the compounds were docked at the active site of α-glucosidase to predict their mode of binding. The docking results indicates that Glu277 and Asn350 play important role in the stabilization of these compounds in the active site of enzyme. These molecules showed excellent predicted pharmacokinetics, physicochemical and drug-likeness profile. The anti-diabetic potential of these molecules signifies their medical importance and provide insights into prospective therapeutic options for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Rubbab Pasha
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.,Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.,International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, Nizwa-616, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan.,Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | | | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Sally Negm
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Art Mahyel Aseer, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Unit of Food Bacteriology, Central Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Ministry of Health, Branch in Zagazig, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan. .,Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
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Synthesis of new phenoxymethylcoumarin clubbed 4-arylthiazolylhydrazines as α-glucosidase inhibitors and their kinetics and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106302. [PMID: 36528921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The current studies mainly demonstrate the coumarin based azomethine-clubbed thiazoles synthesis and their in-vitro evaluation for the first time against α-glucosidase. Due to the catalytic role of α-glucosidase, it has become a precise target for the treatment of type diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The high rate of prevalence of diabetes and its associated health related problems led us to scrutinize the anti-diabetic capability of the synthesized thiazole derivatives (6a-6k). The anticipated structures of prepared compounds were confirmed through FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic methods. All the compounds showed several times potent activity than the standard drug, acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 µM) against α-glucosidase with IC50 values in range of 0.87 ± 0.02-322.61 ± 1.14 µM. The compound 6k displayed the highest anti-diabetic activity (IC50 = 1.88 ± 0.03 µM). Kinetic study revealed that these are competitive inhibitors for α-glucosidase. The mode of binding of the synthesized molecules were further evaluated by molecular docking, which reflects the importance of azomethine group in protein-ligand interaction. The docking scores are complementary with the IC50 values of compounds while the interaction pattern of the compounds clearly demonstrates their structure-activity relationship. Current study reported medicinal importance of thiazole derivative as future drug candidates for the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
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Avula SK, Ullah S, Halim SA, Khan A, Anwar MU, Csuk R, Al-Harrasi A. Synthesis of Novel Substituted Quinoline Derivatives as Diabetics II Inhibitors and along with Their In-Silico Studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Ullah O, Shah M, Rehman NU, Ullah S, Al-Sabahi JN, Alam T, Khan A, Khan NA, Rafiq N, Bilal S, Al-Harrasi A. Aroma Profile and Biological Effects of Ochradenus arabicus Essential Oils: A Comparative Study of Stem, Flowers, and Leaves. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165197. [PMID: 36014440 PMCID: PMC9414473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present analysis explores the chemical constituents and determines the in vitro antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and antioxidant significance of the essential oils (EOs) of the stem, leaves, and flowers of Ochradenus arabicus for the first time. The EOs of the flowers presented seventy-four constituents contributing to 81.46% of the total EOs, with the major compounds being 24-norursa-3,12-diene (13.06%), 24-norursa-3,12-dien-11-one (6.61%), and 24-noroleana-3,12-diene (6.25%). The stem EOs with sixty-one compounds contributed 95.95% of the total oil, whose main bioactive compounds were (+)-camphene (21.50%), eremophilene (5.87%), and δ-selinene (5.03%), while a minimum of fifty-one compounds in the leaves’ EOs (98.75%) were found, with the main constituents being n-hexadecanoic acid (12.32%), octacosane (8.62%), tetradecanoic acid (8.54%), and prehydro fersenyl acetone (7.27%). The antimicrobial activity of the EOs of O. arabicus stem, leaves, and flowers was assessed against two bacterial strains (Escherichia coli and Streptococcus aureus) and two fungal strains (Penicillium simplicissimum and Rhizoctonia solani) via the disc diffusion assay. However, the EOs extracted from the stem were found effective against one bacterial strain, E. coli, and one fungal strain, R. Solani, among the examined microbes in comparison to the standard and negative control. The tested EOs samples of the O. arabicus stem displayed a maximum potential to cure diabetes with an IC50 = 0.40 ± 0.10 µg/mL, followed by leaves and flowers with an IC50 = 0.71 ± 0.11 µg/mL and IC50 = 10.57 ± 0.18 µg/mL, respectively, as compared to the standard acarbose (IC50 = 377.26 ± 1.20 µg/mL). In addition, the EOs of O. arabicus flowers had the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 106.40 ± 0.19 µg/mL) as compared to the standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 73.20 ± 0.17 µg/mL) using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. In the ABTS assay, the EOs of the same sample (flower) depicted the utmost potential to scavenge the free radicals with an IC50 = 178.0 ± 0.14 µg/mL as compared with the ascorbic acid, having an IC50 of 87.34 ± 0.10 µg/mL the using 2,2-Azino-Bis-3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay. The EOs of all parts of O. arabicus have useful bioactive components due to which they present antidiabetic and antioxidant significance. Furthermore, additional investigations are considered necessary to expose the responsible components of the examined biological capabilities, which would be effective in the production of innovative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower 18800, Pakistan
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Correspondence: (N.U.R.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Jamal Nasser Al-Sabahi
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Medical Research Center, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Tanveer Alam
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Nasir Ali Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Naseem Rafiq
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Correspondence: (N.U.R.); (A.A.-H.)
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TOK F, ÇAKIR C, ÇAM D, KIRPAT MM, SICAK Y. Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thiourea Derivatives. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1062872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: A new series of 4-[3-(substitutedphenyl)thioureido]-N-(6-chloropyrazin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide were synthesized from sulfaclozine.
Methods: All compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. In addition to the antioxidant activity of the synthesis series, enzyme inhibition activities such as anticholinesterase, tyrosinase, α-amylase and α-glycosidase were determined for the first time in this study.
Results: According to these biological activity test results, compound 2a in the DPPH, 2c in the ABTS˙+ assay exhibited more antioxidant activity than reference standard. All thiourea derivatives demonstrated good BChE inhibitory activity than galantamine. Among the compounds, 2e and 2f showed the best tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activity, while 2g had the best α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition activity. In addition, we evaluated the druglikeness properties of compounds and their oral bioavailability were also found to be high.
Conclusion: Thiourea derivatives exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition activity against tyrosinase, cholinesterase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih TOK
- MARMARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY
| | - Cansel ÇAKIR
- MUGLA SITKI KOCMAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE
| | - Dilaycan ÇAM
- MUGLA SITKI KOCMAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE
| | | | - Yusuf SICAK
- MUGLA SITKI KOCMAN UNIVERSITY, KÖYCEĞİZ VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
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Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico studies of naproxen derivatives as dual lipoxygenase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Jia Y, Li N, Wang Q, Zhou J, Liu J, Zhang M, He C, Chen H. Effect of Fe (III), Zn (II), and Cr (III) complexation on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of corn silk polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:847-856. [PMID: 34464643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, Fe (III), Zn (II), and Cr (III) were used to complex with corn silk polysaccharide (CSP) by classical methods and CSP-Fe, CSP-Zn, and CSP-Cr were successfully synthesized, respectively. The physicochemical properties and structural features were characterized by chemical composition analysis, inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The antioxidant activities and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase of CSP, CSP-Fe, CSP-Zn, and CSP-Cr were compared. The results showed that the Fe (III), Zn (II), and Cr (III) chelation could change the morphology, conformation, thermostability, and biological activities of CSP. CSP-Zn exhibited higher antioxidant activities and inhibition effects on α-glucosidase than CSP, which suggested that it could be considered as a potential candidate for developing an ingredient of functional foods for antidiabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Jia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Nannan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Qirou Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jingna Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Junyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, PR China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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Tahir T, Shahzad MI, Tabassum R, Rafiq M, Ashfaq M, Hassan M, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Mojzych M. Diaryl azo derivatives as anti-diabetic and antimicrobial agents: synthesis, in vitro, kinetic and docking studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1509-1520. [PMID: 34238110 PMCID: PMC8274517 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1929949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a series of azo derivatives (TR-1 to TR-9) have been synthesised via the diazo-coupling approach between substituted aromatic amines with phenol or naphthol derivatives. The compounds were evaluated for their therapeutic applications against alpha-glucosidase (anti-diabetic) and pathogenic bacterial strains E. coli (gram-negative), S. aureus (gram-positive), S. aureus (gram-positive) drug-resistant strain, P. aeruginosa (gram-negative), P. aeruginosa (gram-negative) drug-resistant strain and P. vulgaris (gram-negative). The IC50 (µg/mL) of TR-1 was found to be most effective (15.70 ± 1.3 µg/mL) compared to the reference drug acarbose (21.59 ± 1.5 µg/mL), hence, it was further selected for the kinetic studies in order to illustrate the mechanism of inhibition. The enzyme inhibitory kinetics and mode of binding for the most active inhibitor (TR-1) was performed which showed that the compound is a non-competitive inhibitor and effectively inhibits the target enzyme by binding to its binuclear active site reversibly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehreem Tahir
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mirza Imran Shahzad
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Rukhsana Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rafiq
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, The University of Lahore (Defense Road Campus), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
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