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Marten I, Podlech J. Synthesis of Helical Indolophenanthridines Showing Aggregation-Induced Emission. Org Lett 2024; 26:1148-1153. [PMID: 38299989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Helical indolo[2,3-k]- and [3,2-a]phenanthridines were synthesized from amines by amide formation and Morgan-Walls cyclization. The synthetic routes offer the advantage of late-stage derivatization and do not require protecting groups, which makes the compounds directly suitable for further functionalization. The compounds exhibit remarkable acid-dependent bathochromic shifts of the luminescence, solvatochromism, and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior, which make them especially interesting candidates for studies toward optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inka Marten
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Joachim Podlech
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Zhang S, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liang S, Fan S, Chen D, Liu G. Discovery of novel phenanthridone derivatives with anti-streptococcal activity. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:371. [PMID: 37930433 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03705-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
To address the growing health threat posed by drug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, the development of novel antimicrobial medications with multiple mechanisms of action is in urgent demand. With traditional antibacterial drug resources challenging to push forward, developing new antibacterial drugs has become a hot spot in biomedical research. In this study, we tested the antibacterial activity of 119 phenanthridine derivatives via the antibacterial assay and obtained 5 candidates. The cytotoxicity assay showed one phenanthridine derivative, HCK20, was safe for mammalian cells below 125 µM. HCK20 was verified to possess significant antibacterial activity to Streptococcus spp., such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus suis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Streptococcus equi with MICs ranging from 15 to 60 µM. Furthermore, we found that HCK20 probably achieved its bacterial inhibition by influencing the permeability of bacterial cell walls via interacting with Streptococcal penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Our results suggest that this phenanthridine derivative, HCK20, has great potential to become a novel antibacterial agent that can be a potent treatment for streptococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shidan Zhang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Song Liang
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shirui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Duozhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Guangjin Liu
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, China.
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Synthesis of Some Novel 8-(4-Alkylpiperazinyl) Caffeine Derivatives as Potent Anti-Leishmania Agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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