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Liang T, Liu S, Dang B, Luan X, Guo Y, Steimbach RR, Hu J, Lu L, Yue P, Wang R, Zheng M, Gao J, Yin X, Chen X. Multimechanism biological profiling of tetrahydro-β-carboline analogues as selective HDAC6 inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116624. [PMID: 38925015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
With the intensive research on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), inhibition of HDAC6 appears to be a potential therapeutic approach for AD. In this paper, a series of tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives with hydroxamic acid group were fast synthesized. Among all, the most potent 15 selectively inhibited HDAC6 with IC50 of 15.2 nM and markedly increased acetylated alpha-tubulin levels. In cellular assay, 15 showed excellent neurotrophic effect by increasing the expression of GAP43 and Beta-3 tubulin markers. Besides, 15 showed neuroprotective effects in PC12 or SH-SY5Y cells against H2O2 and 6-OHDA injury through activation of Nrf2, catalase and Prx II, and significantly reduced H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In vivo, 15 significantly attenuated zebrafish anxiety-like behaviour and memory deficits in a SCOP-induced zebrafish model of AD. To sum up, multifunctional 15 might be a good lead to develop novel tetrahydrocarboline-based agents for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liang
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Shiru Liu
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Baiyun Dang
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaofa Luan
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Yifan Guo
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Raphael R Steimbach
- Cancer Drug Development Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Biosciences Faculty, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jiadong Hu
- School of Medicinal and Chemical Engineering, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Long Lu
- School of Medicinal and Chemical Engineering, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Peiyu Yue
- School of Medicinal and Chemical Engineering, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Ruotian Wang
- School of Medicinal and Chemical Engineering, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Meng Zheng
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Jinming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
| | - Xia Yin
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
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Gu Z, Lin S, Yu J, Jin F, Zhang Q, Xia K, Chen L, Li Y, He B. Advances in dual-targeting inhibitors of HDAC6 for cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116571. [PMID: 38857566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is an essential regulator of histone acetylation processes, exerting influence on a multitude of cellular functions such as cell motility, endocytosis, autophagy, apoptosis, and protein trafficking through its deacetylation activity. The significant implications of HDAC6 in diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and immune disorders have motivated extensive investigation into the development of specific inhibitors targeting this enzyme for therapeutic purposes. Single targeting drugs carry the risk of inducing drug resistance, thus prompting exploration of dual targeting therapy which offers the potential to impact multiple signaling pathways simultaneously, thereby lowering the likelihood of resistance development. While pharmacological studies have exhibited promise in combined therapy involving HDAC6, challenges related to potential drug interactions exist. In response to these challenges, researchers are investigating HDAC6 hybrid molecules which enable the concomitant targeting of HDAC6 and other key proteins, thus enhancing treatment efficacy while mitigating side effects and reducing the risk of resistance compared to traditional combination therapies. The published design strategies for dual targeting inhibitors of HDAC6 are summarized and discussed in this review. This will provide some valuable insights into more novel HDAC6 dual targeting inhibitors to meet the urgent need for innovative therapies in oncology and other related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Shuxian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Junhui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Fei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Keli Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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Pinzi L, Belluti S, Piccinini I, Imbriano C, Rastelli G. Searching for Novel HDAC6/Hsp90 Dual Inhibitors with Anti-Prostate Cancer Activity: In Silico Screening and In Vitro Evaluation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1072. [PMID: 39204176 PMCID: PMC11357446 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCA) is one of the most prevalent types of male cancers. While current treatments for early-stage PCA are available, their efficacy is limited in advanced PCA, mainly due to drug resistance or low efficacy. In this context, novel valuable therapeutic opportunities may arise from the combined inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). These targets are mutually involved in the regulation of several processes in cancer cells, and their inhibition is demonstrated to provide synergistic effects against PCA. On these premises, we performed an extensive in silico virtual screening campaign on commercial compounds in search of dual inhibitors of HDAC6 and Hsp90. In vitro tests against recombinant enzymes and PCA cells with different levels of aggressiveness allowed the identification of a subset of compounds with inhibitory activity against HDAC6 and antiproliferative effects towards LNCaP and PC-3 cells. None of the candidates showed appreciable Hsp90 inhibition. However, the discovered compounds have low molecular weight and a chemical structure similar to that of potent Hsp90 blockers. This provides an opportunity for structural and medicinal chemistry optimization in order to obtain HDAC6/Hsp90 dual modulators with antiproliferative effects against prostate cancer. These findings were discussed in detail in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Giulio Rastelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.P.); (S.B.); (I.P.); (C.I.)
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Anraku T, Murata M, Kuroki H, Kazama A, Shirono Y, Tasaki M, Bilim V, Tomita Y. Selective HDAC6 Inhibition Has the Potential for Anti-Cancer Effect in Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2024; 14:704. [PMID: 39063958 PMCID: PMC11278056 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the prognosis for patients with metastatic RCC remains poor, as they are often incurable. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies to further enhance the efficacy of RCC treatment and improve patient outcomes. One such promising avenue lies in targeting histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6, a protein known to regulate numerous crucial biological processes implicated in cancer progression by modulating the acetylation status of various cytoplasmic proteins. To explore the therapeutic potential of HDAC6 inhibition in RCC, our study focused on investigating the effects of HDAC6 inhibitors on cultured RCC cells. Utilizing a panel of 12 small molecule selective HDAC6 inhibitors and employing genetic knockdown techniques, we examined the impact of HDAC6 inhibition on RCC cellular dynamics. Our findings revealed that HDAC6 inhibition exerted a profound effect on RCC cells, resulting in decreased cell viability and DNA replication. Importantly, this effect was attributed to the induction of apoptosis. Our study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of selective HDAC6 inhibitors on RCC. A detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of HDAC6 inhibition is important to explore new therapeutic strategies for metastatic RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Anraku
- Department of Urology, Division of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (M.M.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (V.B.); (Y.T.)
| | - Masaki Murata
- Department of Urology, Division of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (M.M.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (V.B.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hiroo Kuroki
- Department of Urology, Division of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (M.M.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (V.B.); (Y.T.)
| | - Akira Kazama
- Department of Urology, Division of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (M.M.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (V.B.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yuko Shirono
- Department of Urology, Division of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (M.M.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (V.B.); (Y.T.)
| | - Masayuki Tasaki
- Department of Urology, Division of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (M.M.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (V.B.); (Y.T.)
| | - Vladimir Bilim
- Department of Urology, Division of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (M.M.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (V.B.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Urology, Kameda Daiichi Hospital, Niigata 950-0165, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tomita
- Department of Urology, Division of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (M.M.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (V.B.); (Y.T.)
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Zhang Q, Yan L, Lu Y, Liu X, Yin Y, Wang Q, Gu X, Zhou X. HDAC6-selective inhibitor CAY10603 ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced small airway remodeling by regulating epithelial barrier dysfunction and reversing. Respir Res 2024; 25:66. [PMID: 38317159 PMCID: PMC10840206 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small airway remodelling is a vital characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is mainly caused by epithelial barrier dysfunction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recent studies have indicated that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) plays an important role in the dysregulation of epithelial function. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of an inhibitor with high selectivity for HDAC6 in COPD. METHODS Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure was used to establish a CS-induced COPD mouse model. CAY10603 at doses of 2.5 and 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally on alternate days. The protective effects of CAY10603 against CS-induced emphysema, epithelial barrier function and small airway remodeling were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson's trichrome staining, immunohistochemical staining, and western blot. The human lung bronchial epithelial cell line (HBE) was used to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of action of CAY10603. RESULTS HDAC6 levels in the lung homogenates of CS-exposed mice were higher than that those in control mice. Compared to the CS group, the mean linear intercept (MLI) of the CAY10603 treatment group decreased and the mean alveolar number (MAN)increased. Collagen deposition was reduced in groups treated with CAY10603. The expression of α-SMA was markedly upregulated in the CS group, which was reversed by CAY10603 treatment. Conversely, E-cadherin expression in the CS group was further downregulated, which was reversed by CAY10603 treatment. CAY10603 affects the tight junction protein expression of ZO-1 and occludin. ZO-1 and occludin expression were markedly downregulated in the CS group. After CAY10603treatment, the protein expression level of ZO-1 and occludin increased significantly. In HBE cells, Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) increased HDAC6 levels. CAY10603 significantly attenuated the release of TGF-β1 induced by CSE. CAY10603 significantly increased the E-cadherin levels in TGF-β1 treated HBE cells, while concurrently attenuated α-SMA expression. This effect was achieved through the suppression of Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation. CAY10603 also inhibited TGF-β1 induced cell migration. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that CAY10603 inhibited CS induced small airway remodelling by regulating epithelial barrier dysfunction and reversing EMT via the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Shenyang, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Yin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiu Gu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Respiratory Department, Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Chen X, Wang J, Zhao P, Dang B, Liang T, Steimbach RR, Miller AK, Liu J, Wang X, Zhang T, Luan X, Hu J, Gao J. Tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives as potent histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors with broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115776. [PMID: 37660484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of tetrahydro-β-carboline (THβC)-based hydroxamic acids were rationally designed and synthesized as novel selective HDAC6 inhibitors (sHDAC6is) by the application of scaffold hopping strategy. Several THβC analogues were highly potent (IC50 < 5 nM) and selective against HDAC6 enzyme and exhibited good antiproliferative activity against human multiple myeloma (MM) cell. Molecular docking interpreted the structure activity relationship (SAR). Target engagement of HDAC6 was confirmed in RPMI-8226 cells using the WB assay. In vitro, (1S, 3R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(4-(hydroxycarbamoyl)benzyl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3, 4-b]indole-3-carboxamide (14g) showed potent broad antiproliferative activity against various tumors including leukemia, colon cancer, melanoma, and breast cancer cell lines, better than ACY-1215. Moreover, 14g also showed good pharmacokinetics properties in mice via oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
| | - Jiayun Wang
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Baiyun Dang
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Ting Liang
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Raphael R Steimbach
- Cancer Drug Development Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Biosciences Faculty, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aubry K Miller
- Cancer Drug Development Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jia Liu
- Pharmaceutical Animal Experimental Center, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaofa Luan
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Jiadong Hu
- School of Medicinal and Chemical Engineering, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, 24 Weihui Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jinming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Labotory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
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Venn-Watson S, Schork NJ. Pentadecanoic Acid (C15:0), an Essential Fatty Acid, Shares Clinically Relevant Cell-Based Activities with Leading Longevity-Enhancing Compounds. Nutrients 2023; 15:4607. [PMID: 37960259 PMCID: PMC10649853 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) is an essential odd-chain saturated fatty acid with broad activities relevant to protecting cardiometabolic, immune, and liver health. C15:0 activates AMPK and inhibits mTOR, both of which are core components of the human longevity pathway. To assess the potential for C15:0 to enhance processes associated with longevity and healthspan, we used human cell-based molecular phenotyping assays to compare C15:0 with three longevity-enhancing candidates: acarbose, metformin, and rapamycin. C15:0 (n = 36 activities in 10 of 12 cell systems) and rapamycin (n = 32 activities in 12 of 12 systems) had the most clinically relevant, dose-dependent activities. At their optimal doses, C15:0 (17 µM) and rapamycin (9 µM) shared 24 activities across 10 cell systems, including anti-inflammatory (e.g., lowered MCP-1, TNFα, IL-10, IL-17A/F), antifibrotic, and anticancer activities, which are further supported by previously published in vitro and in vivo studies. Paired with prior demonstrated abilities for C15:0 to target longevity pathways, hallmarks of aging, aging rate biomarkers, and core components of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, our results support C15:0 as an essential nutrient with activities equivalent to, or surpassing, leading longevity-enhancing candidate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Venn-Watson
- Epitracker Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA
- Seraphina Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA;
| | - Nicholas J. Schork
- Seraphina Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA;
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), City of Hope, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
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8
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Wang B, Liu Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Li Z, Chen X. Design, Synthesis, and Antiproliferative Activity of Selective Histone Deacetylases 6 Inhibitors Containing a Tetrahydropyridopyrimidine Scaffold. Molecules 2023; 28:7323. [PMID: 37959743 PMCID: PMC10648541 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors (sHDAC6is) is being recognized as a therapeutic approach for cancers. In this paper, we designed a series of novel tetrahydropyridopyrimidine derivatives as sHDAC6 inhibitors. The most potent compound, 8-(2, 4-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)-5, 8-dihydropyrido [3, 4-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-yl)-N-hydroxy-8-oxooctanamide (8f), inhibited HDAC6 with IC50 of 6.4 nM, and showed > 48-fold selectivity over other subtypes. In Western blot assay, 8f elevated the levels of acetylated α-tubulin in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro, 8f inhibited RPMI-8226, HL60, and HCT116 tumor cells with IC50 of 2.8, 3.20, and 3.25 μM, respectively. Moreover, 8f showed good antiproliferative activity against a panel of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (B.W.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Youcai Liu
- Experimental Teaching Center of Biology & Basic Medicine, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China;
| | - Lejing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (B.W.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (B.W.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhaoxi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (B.W.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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