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Huang YH, Vaez Ghaemi R, Cheon J, Yadav VG, Frostad JM. The mechanical effects of chemical stimuli on neurospheres. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024; 23:1319-1329. [PMID: 38613619 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-024-01841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The formulation of more accurate models to describe tissue mechanics necessitates the availability of tools and instruments that can precisely measure the mechanical response of tissues to physical loads and other stimuli. In this regard, neuroscience has trailed other life sciences owing to the unavailability of representative live tissue models and deficiency of experimentation tools. We previously addressed both challenges by employing a novel instrument called the cantilevered-capillary force apparatus (CCFA) to elucidate the mechanical properties of mouse neurospheres under compressive forces. The neurospheres were derived from murine stem cells, and our study was the first of its kind to investigate the viscoelasticity of living neural tissues in vitro. In the current study, we demonstrate the utility of the CCFA as a broadly applicable tool to evaluate tissue mechanics by quantifying the effect that oxidative stress has on the mechanical properties of neurospheres. We treated mouse neurospheres with non-cytotoxic levels of hydrogen peroxide and subsequently evaluated the storage and loss moduli of the tissues under compression and tension. We observed that the neurospheres exhibit viscoelasticity consistent with neural tissue and show that elastic modulus decreases with increasing size of the neurosphere. Our study yields insights for establishing rheological measurements as biomarkers by laying the groundwork for measurement techniques and showing that the influence of a particular treatment may be misinterpreted if the size dependence is ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Han Huang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Roza Vaez Ghaemi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - James Cheon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Vikramaditya G Yadav
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - John M Frostad
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Food Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Vollmannová A, Bojňanská T, Musilová J, Lidiková J, Cifrová M. Quercetin as one of the most abundant represented biological valuable plant components with remarkable chemoprotective effects - A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33342. [PMID: 39021910 PMCID: PMC11253541 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
As a consequence of environmental quality changes as well as changes in our population's lifestyle, there is rapidly increasing variability and many so-called lifestyle disorders, allergies, and food intolerances (also known as non-allergic food hypersensitivity). Unhealthy eating practices, an inappropriate food composition with an excessive energy intake, a high intake of saturated fats, simple sugars, and salt, as well as an inadequate intake of fibre, vitamins, and substances with preventive effects (such as antioxidants), are some of the factors causing this detrimental phenomenon. Enhanced consumption of plant foods rich in valuable secondary metabolites such as phenolic acids and flavonoids with the benefit on human health, food research focused on these components, and production of foods with declared higher content of biologically active and prophylactic substances are some ways how to change and improve this situation. A unique class of hydroxylated phenolic compounds with an aromatic ring structure are called flavonoids. One unique subclass of flavonoids is quercetin. This phytochemical naturally takes place in fruits, vegetables, herbs, and other plants. Quercetin and its several derivates are considered to be promising substances with significant antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, which could also act preventively against cardiovascular disease, cancer, or Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Vollmannová
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, 94976, Slovak Republic
| | - Tatiana Bojňanská
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, 94976, Slovak Republic
| | - Janette Musilová
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, 94976, Slovak Republic
| | - Judita Lidiková
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, 94976, Slovak Republic
| | - Monika Cifrová
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, 94976, Slovak Republic
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Suryawanshi MV, Gujarathi PP, Mulla T, Bagban I. Hypericum perforatum: a comprehensive review on pharmacognosy, preclinical studies, putative molecular mechanism, and clinical studies in neurodegenerative diseases. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3803-3818. [PMID: 38175276 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02915-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The herb Hypericum perforatum, also referred to as St. John's wort, has drawn a lot of interest because of its potential therapeutic benefits in treating neurodegenerative illnesses. Due to the absence of effective therapies, illnesses like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease pose an increasing worldwide health concern. Because of its wide variety of phytochemicals, especially hyperforin, and hypericin, Hypericum perforatum is well known for its neuroprotective properties. These substances have proven to be able to affect different cellular processes linked to neurodegeneration. They can act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neurotransmitter system regulators, which may help halt neurodegenerative illnesses' progression. The use of Hypericum perforatum extracts and its contents has shown encouraging results in research on animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. These advantages include higher nerve cell survival, lowered oxidative stress, and higher cognitive performance. Underscoring its versatile potential to combat neurodegeneration, Hypericum perforatum has neuroprotective mechanisms that modulate neuroinflammation and prevent apoptotic pathways. In conclusion, Hypericum perforatum shows tremendous promise as a potential treatment for neurological illnesses due to its wide variety of phytochemicals. To completely comprehend its specific mechanisms of action and turn these discoveries into efficient clinical therapies, additional research is needed. Investigating Hypericum perforatum's function in neurodegenerative disorders may present new opportunities for the advancement of ground-breaking therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghraj Vivekanand Suryawanshi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Krishna School of Pharmacy and Research, Drs. Kiran and Pallavi Patel Global University, Varnama, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391240, India
- AllWell Neuritech LLP, Dharngaon, Maharashtra, 425105, India
| | - Pranjal P Gujarathi
- Department of Pharmacology, Vidhyadeep Institute of Pharmacy, Vidhyadeep University, Anita, Kim, Surat, Gujarat, 394110, India.
- Centre for Advance Research, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Pharmacy, Bhagwan Mahavir University, Vesu, Surat, Gujarat, 395007, India.
| | - Taufik Mulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Krishna School of Pharmacy and Research, Drs. Kiran and Pallavi Patel Global University, Varnama, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391240, India
| | - Imtiyaz Bagban
- Department of Pharmacology, Krishna School of Pharmacy and Research, Drs. Kiran and Pallavi Patel Global University, Varnama, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391240, India
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Sapkota S, Maharjan A, Tiwari S, Rajbhandari M. Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Potential and Antibacterial Activities of Different Anatomical Parts of Hypericum cordifolium Choisy. ScientificWorldJournal 2024; 2024:8128813. [PMID: 38827814 PMCID: PMC11144067 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8128813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The genus Hypericum comprises a large number of species. The flower, leaf, stem, and root of the Hypericum species are widely used in traditional medicine in different cultures. Many Hypericum species have been well investigated phytochemically and pharmacologically. However, only a few reports are available on the H. cordifolium native to Nepal. The present study aims to evaluate the phytochemical composition of different extracts, qualitative analysis of methanol extract of the flower and leaf using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and the antioxidant properties of components by the TLC-DPPH. assay. The phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated in different extracts of the leaf and stem, and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities were evaluated. In the phytochemical screening, phenolics and flavonoids were present in ethyl acetate, methanol, and 50% aq methanol extracts of both the leaf and stem. In TLC analysis, the methanol extract of flowers showed the presence of 11 compounds and the leaf extract showed the presence of 8 compounds. Both extracts contained chlorogenic acid and mangiferin. Hyperoside and quercetin were present only in the flower extract. In the TLC-DPPH. assay, almost all of the flower extracts and 5 compounds of the leaf extract showed radical scavenging potential. Estimation of phenolics and flavonoids showed that all the leaf extracts showed higher amounts of phenolics and flavonoids than stem extracts. Among leaf extracts, greater amounts of phenolics were detected in 50% aqueous methanol extract (261.25 ± 1.66 GAE/g extract) and greater amounts of flavonoids were detected in methanol extract (232.60 ± 10.52 CE/g extract). Among stem extracts, greater amounts of flavonoids were detected in the methanol extract (155.12 ± 4.30 CE/g extract). In the DPPH radical scavenging assay, the methanol extract of the leaf showed IC50 60.85 ± 2.67 µg/ml and 50% aq. methanol extract of the leaf showed IC50 63.09 ± 2.98 µg/ml. The methanol extract of the stem showed IC50 89.39 ± 3.23 µg/ml, whereas ethyl acetate and 50% aq. methanol extract showed IC50 > 100 µg/ml. In the antibacterial assay, the methanol extract of the leaf showed the inhibition zone of 12-13 mm and the stem extract showed the inhibition zone of 7-11 mm against S. aureus, E. coli, and S. sonnei, whereas both extracts were inactive against S. typhi. The findings of this study support the traditional use of this plant in Nepal for the treatment of diseases associated with bacterial infections. The present study revealed that the underutilized anatomical parts of H. cordifolium could be the source of various bioactive phytochemicals like other Hypericum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujana Sapkota
- Department of Chemistry, Tri-Chandra Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Alishma Maharjan
- Department of Chemistry, Tri-Chandra Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Sanjeeta Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Tri-Chandra Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Meena Rajbhandari
- Natural Products Laboratory, Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
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Liang H, Ma Z, Zhong W, Liu J, Sugimoto K, Chen H. Regulation of mitophagy and mitochondrial function: Natural compounds as potential therapeutic strategies for Parkinson's disease. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1838-1862. [PMID: 38356178 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage is associated with the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), indicating that mitochondrial-targeted treatments could hold promise as disease-modifying approaches for PD. Notably, natural compounds have demonstrated the ability to modulate mitochondrial-related processes. In this review article, we discussed the possible neuroprotective mechanisms of natural compounds against PD in modulating mitophagy and mitochondrial function. A comprehensive literature search on natural compounds related to the treatment of PD by regulating mitophagy and mitochondrial function was conducted from PubMed, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from their inception until April 2023. We summarize recent advancements in mitophagy's molecular mechanisms, including upstream and downstream processes, and its relationship with PD-related genes or proteins. Importantly, we highlight how natural compounds can therapeutically regulate various mitochondrial processes through multiple targets and pathways to alleviate oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, Lewy's body aggregation and apoptosis, which are key contributors to PD pathogenesis. Unlike the single-target strategy of modern medicine, natural compounds provide neuroprotection against PD by modulating various mitochondrial-related processes, including ameliorating mitophagy by targeting the PINK1/parkin pathway, the NIX/BNIP3 pathway, and autophagosome formation (i.e., LC3 and p62). Given the prevalence of mitochondrial damage in various neurodegenerative diseases, exploring the exact mechanism of natural compounds on mitophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction could shed light on the development of highly effective disease-modifying or adjuvant therapies targeting PD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liang
- Department of Acupuncture, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenwang Ma
- Department of Acupuncture, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kazuo Sugimoto
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Acupuncture, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of TCM Geriatric, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang K, Zhang H, Yuan L, Li X, Cai Y. Potential Implications of Hyperoside on Oxidative Stress-Induced Human Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4503-4526. [PMID: 37854313 PMCID: PMC10581022 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s418222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside is a flavonol glycoside mainly found in plants of the genera Hypericum and Crataegus, and also detected in many plant species such as Abelmoschus manihot, Ribes nigrum, Rosa rugosa, Agrostis stolonifera, Apocynum venetum and Nelumbo nucifera. This compound exhibits a multitude of biological functions including anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antioxidative, vascular protective effects and neuroprotective effects, etc. This review summarizes the quantification, original plant, chemical structure and property, structure-activity relationship, pharmacologic effect, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical application of hyperoside, which will be significant for the exploitation for new drug and full utilization of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huhai Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lie Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Research Laboratory for Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Research Laboratory for Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Li D, Xu J, Chang J, Wang Y, Du X, Wu H, Cui J, Wang P, Zhang T, Chen Y. Hyperoside protects against oxidative stress-mediated photoreceptor degeneration: therapeutic potentials for photoreceptor degenerative diseases. J Transl Med 2023; 21:569. [PMID: 37620913 PMCID: PMC10463396 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoreceptor degeneration underpinned by oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death leads to progressive and irreversible vision impairment. Drug treatments that protect against photoreceptor degeneration are currently available in the clinical settings. It has been shown that hyperoside, a flavonol glycoside, protects against neuronal loss in part by suppressing oxidative stress and maintaining the functional integrity of mitochondria. However, whether hyperoside protects against photoreceptor degeneration remains unknown. METHODS To address the pharmacological potentials of hyperoside against oxidative stress-mediated photoreceptor degeneration on molecular, cellular, structural and functional levels, multiple in vitro and in vivo methodologies were employed in the current study, including live-cell imaging, optical coherence tomography, electroretinography, histological/immunohistochemical examinations, transmission electron microscopy, RNA-sequencing and real-time qPCR. RESULTS The in vitro results demonstrate that hyperoside suppresses oxidative stress-mediated photoreceptor cell death in part by mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction. The in vivo results reveal that hyperoside protects against photooxidative stress-induced photoreceptor morphological, functional and ultrastructural degeneration. Meanwhile, hyperoside treatment offsets the deleterious impact of photooxidative stress on multiple molecular pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of photoreceptor degeneration. Lastly, hyperoside attenuates photoreceptor degeneration-associated microglial inflammatory activation and reactive Müller cell gliosis. CONCLUSIONS All things considered, the present study demonstrates for the first time that hyperoside attenuates oxidative stress-induced photoreceptor mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. The photoreceptor-intrinsic protective effects of hyperoside are corroborated by hyperoside-conferred protection against photooxidative stress-mediated photoreceptor degeneration and perturbation in retinal homeostasis, warranting further evaluation of hyperoside as a photoreceptor protective agent for the treatment of related photoreceptor degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijin Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Jie Chang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xiaoye Du
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Hanhan Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Jingang Cui
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Peiwei Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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Zhang R, Liu Y, Pan Q, Khan A, Bai X, Ali M, Yang W, Zhang L, Li B. The effects of short term blue light treatment on promoting nutrition value in Chinese cabbage. Food Chem 2023; 412:135542. [PMID: 36706505 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chinese cabbage is a nutrients-rich vegetable with diverse leaf colors. Here, we used widely-targeted metabolomics technology to study the metabolic responses of three Chinese cabbage varieties with representative leaf colors after blue light treatment. The inner leaf color of orange varieties 20S530 and 15S1094 changed from yellow to golden yellow, while no visible color change occurred in the common variety 14S23 after the treatment. A total of 844 metabolites were measured from the leaf samples of these three varieties in a time course study after short term blue light treatment, with kaempferol-4'-O-glucoside, isoquercitrin, hyperin, arbutin, sulforaphane as enriched nutritional metabolites. Orange Chinese cabbage varieties showed additional nutrition enhancement after the treatment. This study is the first to explore the global metabolic responses of Chinese cabbage after blue light treatment, and our findings provided valuable insights on how to effectively use lighting conditions to enhance specific groups of nutrients in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yulin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qiming Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Abid Khan
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan.
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Muhammad Ali
- National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Wenjing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Lugang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Baohua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
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Yuzbasioglu D, Dilek UK, Erikel E, Unal F. Antigenotoxic effect of hyperoside against Mitomycin C and hydrogen peroxide-induced genotoxic damage on human lymphocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 90:105604. [PMID: 37137419 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoside is a flavonol glycoside isolated from various plant genera such as Hypericum and Crataegus. It has an important place in the human diet and is used medically to relieve pain and ameliorate cardiovascular functions. However, a comprehensive profile of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of hyperoside is not known. The current study aimed to investigate the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of hyperoside against genetic damages induced by two genotoxins (MMC and H2O2) in human lymphocytes using chromosomal aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and micronucleus (MN) assays in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Blood lymphocytes were incubated with 7.8-62.5 μg/mL concentrations of hyperoside alone and simultaneously with 0.20 μg/mL Mitomycin C (MMC) or 100 μM Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Hyperoside did not exhibit genotoxic potential in the CA, SCE, and MN assays. Moreover, it did not cause a decrease in mitotic index (MI) which is an indicator of cytotoxicity. On the other hand, hyperoside significantly decreased CA, SCE, and MN (except for MMC treatment) frequencies induced by MMC and H2O2. Hyperoside, increased mitotic index against both mutagenic agents at 24-h treatment when compared to positive control. Our results demonstrate that hyperoside exhibited antigenotoxic effects rather than genotoxic in vitro human lymphocytes. Therefore, hyperoside may be a potential preventive agent in inhibiting chromosomal and oxidative damage induced by genotoxic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Yuzbasioglu
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ummugulsum Kubra Dilek
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Erikel
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Unal
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Ren J, Barton CD, Zhan J. Engineered production of bioactive polyphenolic O-glycosides. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108146. [PMID: 37028465 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds (such as quercetin and resveratrol) possess potential medicinal values due to their various bioactivities, but poor water solubility hinders their health benefits to humankind. Glycosylation is a well-known post-modification method to biosynthesize natural product glycosides with improved hydrophilicity. Glycosylation has profound effects on decreasing toxicity, increasing bioavailability and stability, together with changing bioactivity of polyphenolic compounds. Therefore, polyphenolic glycosides can be used as food additives, therapeutics, and nutraceuticals. Engineered biosynthesis provides an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to generate polyphenolic glycosides through the use of various glycosyltransferases (GTs) and sugar biosynthetic enzymes. GTs transfer the sugar moieties from nucleotide-activated diphosphate sugar (NDP-sugar) donors to sugar acceptors such as polyphenolic compounds. In this review, we systematically review and summarize the representative polyphenolic O-glycosides with various bioactivities and their engineered biosynthesis in microbes with different biotechnological strategies. We also review the major routes towards NDP-sugar formation in microbes, which is significant for producing unusual or novel glycosides. Finally, we discuss the trends in NDP-sugar based glycosylation research to promote the development of prodrugs that positively impact human health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ren
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA
| | - Caleb Don Barton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA
| | - Jixun Zhan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA.
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Karadeniz F, Oh JH, Seo Y, Yang J, Lee H, Kong CS. Quercetin 3- O-Galactoside Isolated from Limonium tetragonum Inhibits Melanogenesis by Regulating PKA/MITF Signaling and ERK Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043064. [PMID: 36834475 PMCID: PMC9962826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin 3-O-galactoside (Q3G) is a common dietary flavanol that has been shown to possess several bioactivities, including anti-melanogenesis. However, how Q3G exerts its anti-melanogenic effect has not been studied. The current study, therefore aimed to investigate the anti-melanogenesis potential of Q3G and elucidate the underlying action mechanism in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced hyperpigmentation model of B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Results showed that α-MSH stimulation significantly increased tyrosinase (TYR) and melanin production, which were significantly downregulated by Q3G treatment. The treatment with Q3G suppressed the transcriptional and protein expressions of melanogenesis-related enzymes TYR, tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2, along with the melanogenic transcription factor microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in B16F10 cells. It was shown that Q3G downregulated MITF expression and suppressed its transcriptional activity by inhibiting the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated activation of CREB and GSK3β. In addition, MAPK-regulated MITF activation signaling was also involved in the inhibition of melanin production by Q3G. The results suggest that the anti-melanogenic properties of Q3G rationalize further studies in vivo to confirm its action mechanism and consequent utilization as a cosmetic ingredient against hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Karadeniz
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Oh
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
- Nutritional Education, Graduate School of Education, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwan Seo
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiho Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Suk Kong
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-999-5429
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12
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Amini F, Amini-Khoei H, Haratizadeh S, Setayesh M, Basiri M, Raeiszadeh M, Nozari M. Hydroalcoholic extract of Passiflora incarnata improves the autistic-like behavior and neuronal damage in a valproic acid-induced rat model of autism. J Tradit Complement Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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13
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Ncube B, Dlamini B, Beswa D. Effect of Common Cooking and Drying Methods on Phytochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Corchorus olitorius Identified Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27249052. [PMID: 36558185 PMCID: PMC9785860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Corchorus olitorius leaves were subjected to different thermal treatments (blanching, boiling, drying, frying, and steaming) and analyzed, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify functional groups, while metabolites were identified with LC-MC. The TPC and antioxidant activity of C. olitorius were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by cooking and drying. The steam-cooked sample had the highest TPC (18.89 mg GAE/g) and TFC (78.42 mg QE/g). With ABTS, FRAP, and DPPH assays, the steam-cooked sample exhibited the highest antioxidant activity of 119.58, 167.31, and 122.23 µM TE/g, respectively. LC-MS identified forty-two (42) metabolites in C. olitorius that included phenolic acid derivatives, flavonoid derivatives, and amino acid derivatives. Overall, steaming appears to be the best cooking method, with respect to the retention of phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity.
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14
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Arbutus unedo: Innovative Source of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Tyrosinase Phenolics for Novel Cosmeceuticals. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9060143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are valuable cosmetic ingredients. They display skin protective potential and play an important role in preserving cosmetic formulations due to their ability to neutralize free radicals. Considering this fact, the current study aims to obtain a phenolic-enriched fraction from Arbutus unedo for topical application in cosmeceutical products. The chemical composition and the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tyrosinase activities of different extracts from the plant were investigated and compared. Samples were obtained by maceration, reflux, and ultrasound using water and ethanol. The findings indicated that the extraction methods impacted the phytochemical composition of the extracts. The high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC–DAD) analysis showed a wide range of phenolic compounds, comprising phenolic acids and flavonoids. Among the extracts, the water reflux had significant levels of both total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins and possessed the most important content on hyperoside. It displayed the most significant antioxidant activities with high antiradical and reducing power, as well as strong total antioxidant activity. It possesses a promising whitening effect with high anti-tyrosinase activities. Furthermore, it shows no cytotoxicity and moderate anti-inflammatory activity. Finally, due to its high yield efficiency and activities, water reflux was selected to formulate a cosmeceutical oil-in-water nanoemulsion that displayed optimal pH and stability.
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15
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Correia A, Silva AM, Moreira MM, Salazar M, Švarc-Gajić J, Brezo-Borjan T, Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL, Carretero AS, Loschi F, Dall’Acqua S, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Salicornia ramosissima: A New Green Cosmetic Ingredient with Promising Skin Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122449. [PMID: 36552658 PMCID: PMC9774727 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to validate a new cosmetic ingredient from Salicornia ramosissima S J. Woods through in vitro and ex vivo assays. The halophyte extracts were obtained by subcritical water extraction (SWE) at different temperatures (110, 120, 140, 160 and 180 °C). The antioxidant/radical scavenging activities and the phenolic profile were screened for all extracts. The optimal extract was assessed in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, while permeation assays were performed in Franz cells. The inhibitory activity of hyaluronidase and elastase was also evaluated. The sample extracted at 180 °C presented the highest phenolic content (1739.28 mg/100 g of dry weight (dw)). Despite not being efficient in the sequestration of ABTS•+, this extract scavenged the DPPH• (IC50 = 824.57 µg/mL). The scavenging capacity of superoxide (O2•-) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was also considerable (respectively, IC50 = 158.87 µg/mL and IC50 = 5.80 µg/mL). The cell viability assays confirmed the absence of negative effects on keratinocytes, while the fibroblasts' viability slightly decreased. The ex vivo permeation of rutin, quercetin and syringic acid after 24 h was, respectively, 11, 20 and 11%. Additionally, the extract showed a good elastase and hyaluronidase inhibitory activity. The results obtained support the S. ramosissima bioactivity as a cosmetic ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Correia
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela M. Moreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Salazar
- Agro-On/RiaFresh—Verduras da Ria Formosa, Sítio do Besouro, 8005-421 Faro, Portugal
| | - Jaroslava Švarc-Gajić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tanja Brezo-Borjan
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maria de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francesca Loschi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-83-40-500
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16
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Crosstalk between xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibiting and cancer chemotherapeutic properties of comestible flavonoids- a comprehensive update. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 110:109147. [PMID: 36049673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Gout is an inflammatory disease caused by metabolic disorder or genetic inheritance. People throughout the world are strongly dependent on ethnomedicine for the treatment of gout and some receive satisfactory curative treatment. The natural remedies as well as established drugs derived from natural sources or synthetically made exert their action by mechanisms that are closely associated with anticancer treatment mechanisms regarding inhibition of xanthine oxidase, feedback inhibition of de novo purine synthesis, depolymerization and disappearance of microtubule, inhibition of NF-ĸB activation, induction of TRAIL, promotion of apoptosis, and caspase activation and proteasome inhibition. Some anti-gout and anticancer novel compounds interact with same receptors for their action, e.g., colchicine and colchicine analogues. Dietary flavonoids, i.e., chrysin, kaempferol, quercetin, fisetin, pelargonidin, apigenin, luteolin, myricetin, isorhamnetin, phloretinetc etc. have comparable IC50 values with established anti-gout drug and effective against both cancer and gout. Moreover, a noticeable number of newer anticancer compounds have already been isolated from plants that have been using by local traditional healers and herbal practitioners to treat gout. Therefore, the anti-gout plants might have greater potentiality to become selective candidates for screening of newer anticancer leads.
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17
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Xie T, Yuan J, Mei L, Li P, Pan R. Hyperoside ameliorates TNF‑α‑induced inflammation, ECM degradation and ER stress‑mediated apoptosis via the SIRT1/NF‑κB and Nrf2/ARE signaling pathways in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:260. [PMID: 35730622 PMCID: PMC9260875 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the main pathogenesis of numerous cases of chronic neck and back pain, and has become the leading cause of spinal-related disability worldwide. Hyperoside is an active flavonoid glycoside that exhibits anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis effects. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of hyperoside on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced IDD progression in human nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) and its potential mechanism. The activity and apoptosis of NPCs were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry analyses, respectively. The expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β was detected with ELISA kits. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of proteins. The results showed that hyperoside effectively alleviated TNF-α-induced NPC apoptosis, and hyperoside treatment inhibited the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1β and IL-6 in TNF-α-stimulated NPCs. Compared with the findings in the TNF-α group, the intervention of hyperoside attenuated the upregulated expression of aggrecan and collagen II, and downregulated the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3, MMP13 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5. In addition, hyperoside upregulated sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein expression, and inhibition of SIRT1 or Nrf2 signaling reversed the protective effect of hyperoside on TNF-α-induced NPCs. In summary, hyperoside ameliorated TNF-α-induced inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis, which may be associated with the regulation of the SIRT1/NF-κB and Nrf2/antioxidant responsive element signaling pathways by hyperoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Ling Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Ruijie Pan
- College of Acupuncture and Bone Injury, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430061, P.R. China
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18
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Wang Q, Wei HC, Zhou SJ, Li Y, Zheng TT, Zhou CZ, Wan XH. Hyperoside: A review on its sources, biological activities, and molecular mechanisms. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2779-2802. [PMID: 35561084 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyperoside is a natural flavonol glycoside in various plants, such as Crataegus pinnatifida Bge, Forsythia suspensa, and Cuscuta chinensis Lam. Medical research has found that hyperoside possesses a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antidepressant, and organ protective effects. These pharmacological properties lay the foundation for its use in treating multiple diseases, such as sepsis, arthritis, colitis, diabetic nephropathy, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, pulmonary fibrosis, and cancers. Hyperoside is obtained from the plants and chemical synthesis. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of hyperoside on its sources and biological activities to provide insights into its therapeutic potential, and to provide a basis for high-quality studies to determine the clinical efficacy of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Chang-Zheng Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xin-Huan Wan
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
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Saçıcı E, Yesilada E. Development of new and validated HPTLC methods for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of hyperforin, hypericin and hyperoside contents in Hypericum species. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:355-364. [PMID: 34734668 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) is a medicinally important member of Hypericaceae. Many pharmacological activities have been mostly attributed to its hyperforin, hypericin and/or hyperoside contents. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative determinations of these ingredients are essential to justify the beneficial effects of St. John's wort on health. In the European Pharmacopoeia, the TLC and HPLC methods were given for this purpose. High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has recently become increasingly used as a suitable technique for analysing herbal drugs. This study aims to develop new and validated HPTLC methods to analyse these active components in different Hypericum spp. to find other suitable species to replace the official plant. METHODS Three different mobile phases were developed: n-hexane-ethyl acetate (8:2) for hyperforin analysis, toluene-chloroform-ethyl acetate-formic acid (8:5:3.5:0.6) for hypericin analysis and ethyl acetate-formic acid-acetic acid-water (15:2:2:1) for hyperoside analysis. These newly developed and validated HPTLC systems were further applied to determine their concentrations in different Hypericum species. RESULTS Hyperforin concentration was found between 6.40 to 26.40 mg/g only in H. triquetrifolium, H. scabrum and two H. perforatum samples; hypericin was detected between 0.81 and 1.41 mg/g only in H. bithynicum, H. perfoliatum, H. triquetrifolium and two H. perforatum samples; and hyperoside was identified in all tested specimens ranging from 1.01 to 9.73 mg/g. The new HPTLC methods developed and validated in the present study may ensure reliable results for the qualification and quantification of hyperforin, hypericin and hyperoside contents in Hypericum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Saçıcı
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdem Yesilada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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20
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Fan S, Pan H, Huang J, Lei Z, Liu J. Hyperoside exerts osteoprotective effect on dexamethasone-induced osteoblasts by targeting NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) to inhibit the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8657-8666. [PMID: 35331079 PMCID: PMC9161895 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2054499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside (Hyp) is a flavonoid active compound deriving from Chinese herbal medicines. Increasing studies have implicated that Hyp may serve as a predominant promoting factor in osteoblast differentiation. This paper investigates whether Hyp could relieve glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GONFH) via promoting osteoblast survival and differentiation as well as to uncover its potential mechanism. GONFH cell model was induced by treating MC3T3-E1 cells with dexamethasone (DEX). The viability, apoptosis, and osteogenic differentiation of DEX-induced cells with the presence or absence of Hyp were assessed by CCK-8, Tunel, ALP assay, and ARS staining, respectively. The NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) overexpression was performed by transfection with overexpression vector. Besides, western blot was used to determine the levels of apoptosis-, osteogenic differentiation-, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling-related proteins. It was noticed that Hyp caused no significant effects on the viability of MC3T3-E1 cells without any treatment but significantly enhanced the viability of DEX-induced cells. Besides, Hyp inhibited the apoptosis in DEX-induced cells but enhanced ALP activity and calcium nodule formation. Additionally, Hyp declined NOX4 expression in DEX-induced cells. However, NOX4 overexpression partially reversed the impacts of Hyp on DEX-exposed MC3T3-E1 cells. Finally, Hyp suppressed the activation of ROS/JNK pathway in DEX-induced cells, which was then counteracted by NOX4 overexpression. In conclusion, Hyp could promote the survival and differentiation of DEX-induced osteoblasts by targeting NOX4 to inhibit the ROS/JNK pathway. These results provide evidence for the application of Hyp in treating GONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Haida Pan
- Research Student Academy, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Yulin Orthopedics Hospital of Chinese and Western Medicine, Yulin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lei
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jinfu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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Fais A, Delogu GL, Floris S, Era B, Medda R, Pintus F. Euphorbia characias: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1468. [PMID: 34371671 PMCID: PMC8309316 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to summarize all the compounds identified and characterized from Euphorbia characias, along with the biological activities reported for this plant. Euphorbia is one of the greatest genera in the spurge family of Euphorbiaceae and includes different kinds of plants characterized by the presence of milky latex. Among them, the species Euphorbia characias L. is an evergreen perennial shrub widely distributed in Mediterranean countries. E. characias latex and extracts from different parts of the plant have been extensively studied, leading to the identification of several chemical components such as terpenoids, sterol hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, cerebrosides and phenolic and carboxylic acids. The biological properties range between antioxidant activities, antimicrobial, antiviral and pesticidal activities, wound-healing properties, anti-aging and hypoglycemic properties and inhibitory activities toward target enzymes related to different diseases, such as cholinesterases and xanthine oxidase. The information available in this review allows us to consider the plant E. characias as a potential source of compounds for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rosaria Medda
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.F.); (G.L.D.); (S.F.); (B.E.); (F.P.)
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22
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Islam MS, Quispe C, Hossain R, Islam MT, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Martorell M, Mamurova A, Seilkhan A, Altybaeva N, Abdullayeva B, Docea AO, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J. Neuropharmacological Effects of Quercetin: A Literature-Based Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:665031. [PMID: 34220504 PMCID: PMC8248808 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.665031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QUR) is a natural bioactive flavonoid that has been lately very studied for its beneficial properties in many pathologies. Its neuroprotective effects have been demonstrated in many in vitro studies, as well as in vivo animal experiments and human trials. QUR protects the organism against neurotoxic chemicals and also can prevent the evolution and development of neuronal injury and neurodegeneration. The present work aimed to summarize the literature about the neuroprotective effect of QUR using known database sources. Besides, this review focuses on the assessment of the potential utilization of QUR as a complementary or alternative medicine for preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. An up-to-date search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar for published work dealing with the neuroprotective effects of QUR against neurotoxic chemicals or in neuronal injury, and in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Findings suggest that QUR possess neuropharmacological protective effects in neurodegenerative brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Amyloid β peptide, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In summary, this review emphasizes the neuroprotective effects of QUR and its advantages in being used in complementary medicine for the prevention and treatment o of different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahazul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Rajib Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Assem Mamurova
- Department of Biodiversity of Bioresources, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Seilkhan
- Educational program, Geography, Environment and Service sector, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazgul Altybaeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Bagila Abdullayeva
- Department of Biodiversity of Bioresources, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chu H, Wang J, Wang Q, Chen J, Li J, Li H, Zhang L. Protective Effect of n-Butanol Extract from Viola yedoensis on Immunological Liver Injury. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001043. [PMID: 33929783 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Viola yedoensis Makino was used to treat inflammation, viral hepatitis, acute pyogenic infection, and ulcerative carbuncles. However, the protective effect on immunological liver injury (ILI) of V. yedoensis had been rarely reported. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of n-butanol extract (BE) from V. yedoensis on ILI in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the BE significantly inhibited the secretions of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in the HepG2.2.15 cells and the replication of HBV DNA. The research data in vivo revealed that the BE reduced the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) in liver tissues of the ConA-induced mice, while increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and the effective contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the BE could ameliorate liver histological lesions. These results motivated a further investigation into the chemical constituents of BE. Four coumarins (esculetin, prionanthoside, cichoriin, and esculin) and one flavonoid (quercetin-3-O-galactoside) were isolated from the BE by silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization, of which structures were eventually confirmed by 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Chu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Jiexin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Jiaoning Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Hangying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China.,Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Liming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China.,Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
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Feng Y, Wang D, Wang Q, Li Z, Yang SL, Feng YL, Luo T, Li Y. Protective Effects and Mechanism of Hyperoside in PC12 Cells Against Oxidative Stress Injury Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211015126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the aging phenomenon continues to increase, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases continues to increase annually. As one of the significant contributive factors of neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative stress damage has received extensive attention in recent years. Oxidative stress plays an important role in neuronal damage through various apoptotic mechanisms related to neurodegenerative diseases. The use of natural antioxidants to combat oxidative stress may be a useful approach in delaying disease progression. In this study, we explored the neuroprotective effect of hyperoside on rat pheochromoma (PC12) cells. Specifically, the antioxidant effect and mechanism of hyperoside in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cellular cytotoxicity were investigated. Our results showed that hyperoside could significantly increase the survival rate of rat PC12 cells when exposed to H2O2. In addition, hyperoside regulated the expression of genes and proteins in the corresponding pathways by up-regulating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and light chain 3β (LC3B) pathways and down-regulating the nuclear factor-ᴋ-gene binding (NF-κB), Bcl2-associated X (Bax), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (Caspase 3), and P62 pathways, thereby inhibiting cell apoptosis. Therefore, hyperoside can effectively inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage by regulating inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Department of College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Department of Nanchang Key Laboratory, Nanchang Key Laboratory of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and natural medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Shi-Lin Yang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu-Lin Feng
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Feng Y, Jiang C, Yang F, Chen Z, Li Z. Apocynum venetum leaf extract protects against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress by increasing autophagy in PC12 cells. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:6. [PMID: 32607235 PMCID: PMC7323456 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of Apocynum venetum leaf extract (AVLE) on the nervous system has been widely studied, but its effect on injured neurons is not fully understood. In the present study, the protective effect of AVLE on injured neurons was determined. H2O2 was used to induce oxidative stress in PC12 cells and cell viability assays were used to determine the optimum concentration range of AVLE and its protective effects against oxidative stress. A live-dead assay was performed to confirm the effects of AVLE on oxidative stress. Subsequently, expression of apoptotic proteins including Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 were evaluated to determine whether AVLE affected apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected to determine the role of AVLE in H2O2 exposure. Furthermore, expression of autophagic proteins including LC3-II and p62 were detected to evaluate the effects of AVLE on autophagic activity, and cells were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagic inhibitor, to identify the underlying protective mechanism of AVLE. The results showed that the optimum conditions to induce oxidative stress were treatment with 40 µM H2O2 for 2 h, and the suitable range of AVLE concentrations was shown to be 1-100 µg/ml. AVLE improved cell viability in PC12 cells following treatment with H2O2. AVLE reduced the expression of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3, and decreased ROS production. Furthermore, AVLE upregulated LC3-II expression and downregulated p62 expression, whereas treatment with 3-MA increased the levels of ROS and apoptotic proteins. These results suggest that AVLE may protect injured neurons against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, and this effect may be associated with the reduction of ROS by increasing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelai Feng
- Department of International Baccalaureate Diploma Program, Shanghai Pinghe School, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Feng Yang
- Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zixian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Bonasia A, Conversa G, Lazzizera C, Loizzo P, Gambacorta G, Elia A. Evaluation of Garlic Landraces from Foggia Province (Puglia Region; Italy). Foods 2020; 9:E850. [PMID: 32610546 PMCID: PMC7404550 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in local landraces has unfortunately decreased over, the last decades, in which they have been continuously subjected to a high genetic erosion in favour of new modern varieties. Within the Puglia region (S-E Italy), Foggia province was found to be the richest in vegetable landraces. In the present study, six garlic landraces collected from this area have been assessed for their chemical composition (minerals, organic acids, free sugars, volatile, and phenolic compounds) along with their main morpho-biometrical traits. A commercial genotype was also considered as a reference standard. The landraces show a large variability, but in general high morphological standards, high levels of cations and phenols, and low levels of volatile-(S)-compounds in comparison with the commercial genotype and the literature values. 'Aglio di Peschici' and 'Aglio Rosso di Monteleone di Puglia' are very rich in minerals and phenols (mainly ferulic acid and iso-rhamnetin). This increase in knowledge on the chemical properties of these garlic landraces could represent a tool for encouraging the consumption of a food product. At the same time, the consumption of these landraces would stimulate their cultivation and could highly contribute to protection against the risk of erosion of agro-biodiversity by their in situ/on-farm conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bonasia
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (A.B.); (C.L.); (A.E.)
| | - Giulia Conversa
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (A.B.); (C.L.); (A.E.)
| | - Corrado Lazzizera
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (A.B.); (C.L.); (A.E.)
| | - Pasqua Loizzo
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (P.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Gambacorta
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (P.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Antonio Elia
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (A.B.); (C.L.); (A.E.)
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Jeong HR, Kim KJ, Lee SG, Cho HS, Cho YS, Kim DO. Phenolic Profiles of Hardy Kiwifruits and Their Neuroprotective Effects on PC-12 and SH-SY5Y Cells against Oxidative Stress. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:912-919. [PMID: 32066217 PMCID: PMC9728357 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2001.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hardy kiwifruits (Actinidia arguta Planch.) have high amounts of antioxidants, including ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and phenolics. The anti-cholinesterase activity and neuroprotective effects of three different cultivars of hardy kiwifruits, cv. Mansu (A. arguta × A. deliciosa), cv. Haeyeon (A. arguta), and cv. Chiak (A. arguta), on PC-12 and SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated. Extraction of phenolics and vitamin C was carried out using 80% (v/v) aqueous ethanol and metaphosphoric acid assisted with homogenization, respectively. Hardy kiwifruit of cv. Mansu showed higher total phenolic, total flavonoid, and vitamin C contents and antioxidant capacity compared to the other tw°Cultivars of hardy kiwifruits, cv. Haeyeon and cv. Chiak. Analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography results revealed the presence of procyanidin B2, (?)-epicatechin, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, and astragalin in hardy kiwifruits. The three cultivars of hardy kiwifruits had a wide range of vitamin C content of 55.2?130.0 mg/100 g fresh weight. All three cultivars of hardy kiwifruits had protective effects on neuronal PC-12 and SHSY5Y cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide by increasing cell viability and reducing intracellular oxidative stress. Furthermore, the hardy kiwifruits inhibited acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Collectively, these results suggest that hardy kiwifruits rich in antioxidants like phenolics and vitamin C have good potential as functional materials in neuroprotective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Ram Jeong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 704, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Joong Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 704, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gil Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Pukyoung National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sung Cho
- Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Naju 5821, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Sup Cho
- Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Naju 5821, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 704, Republic of Korea,Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 1710, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-31-201-3796 Fax: +82-31-204-8116 E-mail:
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28
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Promising Polyphenols in Parkinson’s Disease Therapeutics. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1731-1745. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Mogana R, Adhikari A, Tzar MN, Ramliza R, Wiart C. Antibacterial activities of the extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from Canarium patentinervium Miq. against bacterial clinical isolates. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:55. [PMID: 32059725 PMCID: PMC7076860 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canarium patentinervium leaves are used by the local indigenous people of Malaysia for wound healing. The current study is undertaken to screen the comprehensive antibacterial activity of the leaves and barks extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from this plant. Bioassay guided fractionation was also undertaken to deeply evaluate the antibacterial activity of the water fraction of the leaves extract. This is to provide preliminary scientific evidence to the ethnopharmacology usage of this plant by investigating antibacterial properties of the plant and its isolated constituents. Methods Bio-assay guided fractionation and subsequent isolation of compounds using open column chromatography. The antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative ATCC strain and resistant clinical strains were evaluated using microtiter broth dilution method to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill assay. The chemical structure of the isolated compounds from the water fraction of the ethanol extract of leaves was elucidated using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Results The ethanol extract of the leaves and barks showed antimicrobial activity against all four ATCC and eight clinical isolates. The ethanol extract of the leaves and the corresponding water fraction had good activity against MRSA S. aureus. (MIC: 250 μg/ml) and had bactericidal effect on eight of the clinical strains (MSSA,MRSA, oxacillin-resistant CONS, oxacillin-sensitive CONS, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiela species, Kleb pneumoniae ESBL and Candida parapsilosis). Further phytochemical investigation of the water fraction of the crude ethanol extract of leaves afforded compound 7 (hyperin) and compound 8 (cynaroside) that had bactericidal activity against tested bacterial species (MIC 50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml). The two compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time. Conclusions These results may provide a rational support for the traditional use of Canarium patentinervium Miq. in infections and wound healing, since the antimicrobial compounds isolated were also present in the leaves extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mogana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1 Jln Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - A Adhikari
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - M N Tzar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Hospital National University of Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Ramliza
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Hospital National University of Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C Wiart
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Center for Natural and Medicinal Products Research, University of Nottingham (Malaysia Campus), Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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Kwon SH, Lee SR, Park YJ, Ra M, Lee Y, Pang C, Kim KH. Suppression of 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Oxidative Stress by Hyperoside Via Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in Dopaminergic Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235832. [PMID: 31757050 PMCID: PMC6929192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In our ongoing research to discover natural products with neuroprotective effects, hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside) was isolated from Acer tegmentosum, which has been used in Korean traditional medicine to treat liver-related disorders. Here, we demonstrated that hyperoside protects cultured dopaminergic neurons from death via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent mechanisms, although other relevant mechanisms of hyperoside activity remain largely uncharacterized. For the first time, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of hyperoside on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity in neurons, and the possible underlying mechanisms. Hyperoside significantly ameliorated the loss of neuronal cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, excessive ROS accumulation and mitochondrial membrane potential dysfunction associated with 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity. Furthermore, hyperoside treatment activated the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an upstream molecule of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Hyperoside also induced the expression of HO-1, an antioxidant response gene. Remarkably, we found that the neuroprotective effects of hyperoside were weakened by an Nrf2 small interfering RNA, which blocked the ability of hyperoside to inhibit neuronal death, indicating the vital role of HO-1. Overall, we show that hyperoside, via the induction of Nrf2-dependent HO-1 activation, suppresses neuronal death caused by 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, Nrf2-dependent HO-1 signaling activation represents a potential preventive and therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hwan Kwon
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.;
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.R.L.); (Y.J.P.)
| | - Yong Joo Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.R.L.); (Y.J.P.)
| | - Moonjin Ra
- Hongcheon Institute of Medicinal Herb, 101 Yeonbongri, Hongcheon 25142, Korea; (M.R.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongjun Lee
- Hongcheon Institute of Medicinal Herb, 101 Yeonbongri, Hongcheon 25142, Korea; (M.R.); (Y.L.)
| | - Changhyun Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (K.H.K.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7341 (C.P.); +82-31-290-7700 (K.H.K.)
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.R.L.); (Y.J.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (K.H.K.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7341 (C.P.); +82-31-290-7700 (K.H.K.)
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Beyrent E, Gomez G. Oxidative stress differentially induces tau dissociation from neuronal microtubules in neurites of neurons cultured from different regions of the embryonic Gallus domesticus brain. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:734-747. [PMID: 31621106 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal phosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins such as tau has been shown to play a role in neurodegenerative disorders. It is hypothesized that oxidative stress-induced aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau could lead to the microtubule network degradation commonly associated with neurodegeneration. We investigated whether oxidative stress induced tau hyperphosphorylation and focused on neurite degradation using cultured neurons isolated from the embryonic chick brain as a model system. Cells were isolated from the cerebrum, cerebellum, and tectum of 14-day-old chicks, grown separately in culture, and treated with tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (to simulate oxidative stress) for 48 hr. Relative expression and localization of tau or phospho-tau and β-tubulin III in neurites were determined using quantitative immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy. In untreated cells, tau was tightly colocalized with β-tubulin III. Increasing levels of oxidative stress induced an increase in overall tau expression in neurites of cerebral and tectal but not the cerebellar neurons, coupled with a decrease in phospho-tau expression in tectal but not the cerebral or cerebellar neurons. In addition, oxidative stress induced the degeneration of the distal ends of the neurites and redistribution of phospho-tau toward the neuronal soma in the cerebral but not the tectal and cerebellar neurons. These results suggest that oxidative stress induces changes in tau protein that precede cytoskeletal degradation and neurite retraction. Additionally, there is a differential susceptibility of neuronal subpopulations to oxidative stress, which may offer potential avenues for investigation of the cellular mechanisms underlying the differential manifestations of neurodegenerative disorders in different regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Beyrent
- Biology Department, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - George Gomez
- Biology Department, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, USA
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Jang SA, Park DW, Sohn EH, Lee SR, Kang SC. Hyperoside suppresses tumor necrosis factor α-mediated vascular inflammatory responses by downregulating mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-κB signaling. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 294:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhang X, Lu Q, Cai H, Tan WS. Hyperoside promotes ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from cord blood by reducing intracellular ROS level. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nabavi SM, Nabavi SF, Sureda A, Caprioli G, Iannarelli R, Sokeng AJT, Braidy N, Khanjani S, Moghaddam AH, Atanasov AG, Daglia M, Maggi F. The water extract of tutsan (Hypericum androsaemum L.) red berries exerts antidepressive-like effects and in vivo antioxidant activity in a mouse model of post-stroke depression. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:290-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Hwang HV, Tran DT, Rebuffatti MN, Li CS, Knowlton AA. Investigation of quercetin and hyperoside as senolytics in adult human endothelial cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190374. [PMID: 29315311 PMCID: PMC5760026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin has been reported to act as a senolytic by selectively removing senescent endothelial cells, and thus it would seem quercetin could revolutionize the field of gerontology. However, given quercetin's narrow therapeutic index reported in work done with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we hypothesized that quercetin is not innocuous for non-senescent adult human vascular endothelial cells at concentrations that have been reported to be safe for proliferating HUVECs. Furthermore, we investigated quercetin 3-D-galactoside (Q3G; hyperoside), an inactive quercetin derivative that needs to be cleaved by beta-galactosidase overexpressed in senescent cells to release quercetin, as a potential safer senolytic. We compared the effectiveness of quercetin and Q3G in primary human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC), which are adult microvascular cells. We found that quercetin caused cell death in non-senescent endothelial cells at a concentration that has been reported to selectively remove senescent cells, and that Q3G was not cytotoxic to either young or senescent cells. Thus, in primary adult human endothelial cells, quercetin and Q3G are not senolytics. Earlier work reporting positive results was done with HUVECs, and given their origin and the disparate findings from the current study, these may not be the best cells for evaluating potential senolytics in clinically relevant endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunTae V. Hwang
- Molecular & Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Darlene Thuy Tran
- Molecular & Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Michelle Nicole Rebuffatti
- Molecular & Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Chin-Shang Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Anne A. Knowlton
- Molecular & Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
- VA Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States of America
- Pharmacology Department, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Miltonprabu S, Tomczyk M, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Rastrelli L, Daglia M, Nabavi SF, Alavian SM, Nabavi SM. Hepatoprotective effect of quercetin: From chemistry to medicine. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:365-374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Recent advances in discovery and development of natural products as source for anti-Parkinson's disease lead compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 141:257-272. [PMID: 29031072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common chronic degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Although the cause remains unknown, several pathological processes and central factors such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury, inflammatory reactions, abnormal deposition of α-synuclein, and cell apoptosis have been reported. Currently, anti-PD drugs are classified into two major groups: drugs that affect dopaminergic neurons and anti-cholinergic drugs. Unfortunately, the existing conventional strategies against PD are with numerous side effects, and cannot fundamentally improve the degenerative process of dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches which have a novel structure, high efficiency, and fewer side effects are needed. For many years, natural products have provided an efficient resource for the discovery of potential therapeutic agents. Among them, many natural products possess anti-PD properties as a result of not only their wellrecognized anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities but also their inhibitory roles regarding protein misfolding and the regulatory effects of PD related pathways. Indeed, with the steady improvement in the technologies for the isolation and purification of natural products and the in-depth studies on the pathogenic mechanisms of PD, many monomer components of natural products that have anti-PD effects have been gradually discovered. In this article, we reviewed the research status of 37 natural products that have been discovered to have significant anti-PD effects as well as their mode of action. Overall, this review may guide the design of novel therapeutic drugs in PD.
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Zou X, Shang F, Wang S. Electrochemical luminescence determination of hyperin using a sol-gel@graphene luminescent composite film modified electrode for solid phase microextraction. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 173:843-848. [PMID: 27816883 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor of sol-gel@graphene luminescent composite film modified electrode for hyperin determination was prepared using graphene (G) as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) material, based on selective preconcentration of target onto an electrode and followed by luminol ECL detection. Hyperin was firstly extracted from aqueous solution through the modified GCE. Hydrogel, electrogenerated chemiluminescence reagents, pH of working solution, extraction time and temperature and scan rate were discussed. Under the optimum conditions, the change of ECL intensity was in proportion to the concentration of hyperin in the range of 0.02-0.24μg/mL with a detection limit of 0.01μg/mL. This method showed good performance in stability, reproducibility and precision for the determination of hyperin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zou
- Shandong Shengli Bioengineering Co., LTD., Jining 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Shang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Sui Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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Chang L, Shao Q, Xi X, Chu Q, Wei Y. Separation of four flavonol glycosides fromSolanum rostratumDunal using aqueous two-phase flotation followed by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:804-812. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qian Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xingjun Xi
- China National Institute of Standardization; Haidian District Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qiao Chu
- China National Institute of Standardization; Haidian District Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing P. R. China
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Madunić J, Matulić M, Friščić M, Pilepić KH. Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of Hypericum spp. on human glioblastoma A1235 and breast cancer MDA MB-231 cells. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2016; 51:1157-1163. [PMID: 27458758 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1206385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic activity of 16 Hypericum ethanolic extracts was evaluated by MTT assay on two human cancer cell lines: glioblastoma A1235 and breast cancer MDA MB-231. Morphology and the type of induced cell death were determined using light and fluorescence microscopy. The majority of Hypericum extracts had no significant cytotoxic effect on MDA MB-231 cells. Eight extracts exhibited mild cytotoxic effect on A1235 cells after 24 h incubation, ranging from 8.0% (H. patulum) to 21.7% (H. oblongifolium). After 72 h of treatment, the strongest inhibition of A1235 viability was observed for extracts of H. androsaemum (26.4-43.9%), H. balearicum (25.8-36.3%), H. delphicum (14.8-27.4%) and H. densiflorum (11.2-24.1%). Micro-scopic examination of cells showed apoptosis as the dominant type of cell death. Due to observed high viability of treated cells, we propose that cytotoxic effects of Hypericum extracts could be related to alternations/interruptions in the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josip Madunić
- a Department of Molecular Biology , Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Maja Matulić
- a Department of Molecular Biology , Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Maja Friščić
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Botany , Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Kroata Hazler Pilepić
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Botany , Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
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Suganthy N, Devi KP, Nabavi SF, Braidy N, Nabavi SM. Bioactive effects of quercetin in the central nervous system: Focusing on the mechanisms of actions. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:892-908. [PMID: 27756054 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a ubiquitous flavonoid that is widely distributed in plants is classified as a cognitive enhancer in traditional and oriental medicine. The protective effects of quercetin for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and cerebrovascular diseases have been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The free radical scavenging activity of quercetin has been well-documented, wherein quercetin has been observed to exhibit protective effects against oxidative stress mediated neuronal damage by modulating the expression of NRF-2 dependent antioxidant responsive elements, and attenuation of neuroinflammation by suppressing NF-κB signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1). Several in vitro and in vivo studies have also shown that quercetin destabilizes and enhances the clearance of abnormal protein such as beta- amyloid peptide and hyperphosphorlyated tau, the key pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Quercetin enhances neurogenesis and neuronal longevity by modulating a broad number of kinase signaling cascades such as phophoinositide 3- kinase (P13-kinase), AKT/PKB tyrosine kinase and Protein kinase C (PKC). Quercetin has also been well reported for its ability to reverse cognitive impairment and memory enhancement during aging. The current review focuses on summarizing the recent findings on the neuroprotective effect of quercetin, its mechanism of action and its possible roles in the prevention of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Suganthy
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Fratianni F, Riccardi R, Spigno P, Ombra MN, Cozzolino A, Tremonte P, Coppola R, Nazzaro F. Biochemical Characterization and Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity of Two Endemic Varieties of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) of the Campania Region, Southern Italy. J Med Food 2016; 19:686-91. [PMID: 27259073 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracts of the bulbs of the two endemic varieties "Rosato" and "Caposele" of Allium sativum of the Campania region, Southern Italy, were analyzed. The phenolic content, ascorbic acid, allicin content, and in vitro antimicrobial and antifungal activity were determined. Ultra performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector performed polyphenol profile. The polyphenolic extracts showed antioxidant activity (EC50) lower than 120 mg. The amount of ascorbic acid and allicin in the two extracts was similar. Polyphenol extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and (only by the extract of Rosato) against Bacillus cereus. The extract of Caposele was more effective in inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus versicolor and Penicillum citrinum. On the other hand, the extract of Rosato was effective against Penicillium expansum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Autilia Cozzolino
- 1 Institute of Food Science , CNR-ISA, Avellino, Italy .,3 Department of Agriculture, Environment and Food, DIAAA, University of Molise , Campobasso, Italy
| | - Patrizio Tremonte
- 3 Department of Agriculture, Environment and Food, DIAAA, University of Molise , Campobasso, Italy
| | - Raffaele Coppola
- 1 Institute of Food Science , CNR-ISA, Avellino, Italy .,3 Department of Agriculture, Environment and Food, DIAAA, University of Molise , Campobasso, Italy
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HAO XULIANG, KANG YA, LI JIANKUAN, LI QINGSHAN, LIU ENLI, LIU XIAOXIA. Protective effects of hyperoside against H2O2-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:399-405. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Park JY, Han X, Piao MJ, Oh MC, Fernando PMDJ, Kang KA, Ryu YS, Jung U, Kim IG, Hyun JW. Hyperoside Induces Endogenous Antioxidant System to Alleviate Oxidative Stress. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:41-7. [PMID: 27051648 PMCID: PMC4819665 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hyperoside, a flavonoid which is mainly found in Hypericum perforatum L., has many biological effects. One of the most important effects is to prevent the oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its effect are not fully understood. Oxidative stress is implicated in the occurrence of various physical diseases. A wide array of enzymatic antioxidant defense systems include NADH: quinone oxidoreductase 1, superoxide dismutase, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In the present study, the protective effects of hyperoside against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells, HLE-B3, were investigated in terms of HO-1 induction. Methods: The protein and mRNA expressions of HO-1 were examined by Western blotting and reverse transcriptase-PCR assays, respectively. To evaluate the ability of hyperoside to activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Western blotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay were performed with nuclear extracts prepared from HLE-B3 cells treated with hyperoside. The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), the upstream kinase of Nrf2 signaling, was monitored by Western blot analysis. The protective effect of hyperoside in HLE-B3 cells against hydrogen peroxide was performed by MTT assay. Results: Hyperoside increased both the mRNA and protein expression of HO-1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, hyperoside elevated the level of of Nrf2 and its antioxidant response element-binding activity, which was modulated by upstream of ERK. Moreover, it activated ERK and restored cell viability which was decreased by hydrogen peroxide. Conclusions: Hyperoside is an effective compound to protect cells against oxidative stress via HO-1 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Xia Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mei Jing Piao
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Chang Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Kyoung Ah Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yea Seong Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Uhee Jung
- Radiation Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In Gyu Kim
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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Fratianni F, Ombra MN, Cozzolino A, Riccardi R, Spigno P, Tremonte P, Coppola R, Nazzaro F. Phenolic constituents, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities of different endemic Italian varieties of garlic ( Allium sativum L.). J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Oliveira AI, Pinho C, Sarmento B, Dias ACP. Neuroprotective Activity of Hypericum perforatum and Its Major Components. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1004. [PMID: 27462333 PMCID: PMC4939296 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypericum perforatum is a perennial plant, with worldwide distribution, commonly known as St. John's wort. It has been used for centuries in traditional medicine for the treatment of several disorders, such as minor burns, anxiety, and mild to moderate depression. In the past years, its antidepressant properties have been extensively studied. Despite that, other H. perforatum biological activities, as its neuroprotective properties have also been evaluated. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the main biologically active compounds of H. perforatum, as for its chemistry, pharmacological activities, drug interactions and adverse reactions and gather scattered information about its neuroprotective abilities. As for this, it has been demonstrated that H. perforatum extracts and several of its major molecular components have the ability to protect against toxic insults, either directly, through neuroprotective mechanisms, or indirectly, through is antioxidant properties. H. perforatum has therefore the potential to become an effective neuroprotective therapeutic agent, despite further studies that need to be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Oliveira
- Nucleo de Investigação e Informação em Farmácia, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Saúde do Porto – Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Vila Nova de GaiaPortugal
- Agrobioplant Group (CITAB-UM), Department of Biology, University of Minho, BragaPortugal
| | - Cláudia Pinho
- Nucleo de Investigação e Informação em Farmácia, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Saúde do Porto – Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Vila Nova de GaiaPortugal
- Agrobioplant Group (CITAB-UM), Department of Biology, University of Minho, BragaPortugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra PRDPortugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, PortoPortugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, PortoPortugal
| | - Alberto C. P. Dias
- Agrobioplant Group (CITAB-UM), Department of Biology, University of Minho, BragaPortugal
- *Correspondence: Alberto C. P. Dias,
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Küpeli Akkol E, Süntar I, Ilhan M, Aras E. In vitro enzyme inhibitory effects of Rubus sanctus Schreber and its active metabolite as a function of wound healing activity. J Herb Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Li G, Xu X, Xu K, Chu F, Song J, Zhou S, Xu B, Gong Y, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wang P, Lei H. Ligustrazinyl amides: a novel class of ligustrazine-phenolic acid derivatives with neuroprotective effects. Chem Cent J 2015; 9:9. [PMID: 25810760 PMCID: PMC4372684 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-015-0084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ligustrazine has potent effects of thrombolysis, neuroprotection and vascular protection, which were important for effectively protecting the nervous system. Previous study in our laboratory reported that ligustrazine-benzoic acid derivatives have been shown to exhibit beneficial effect against CoCl2-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. To further improve ligustrazine’s neuroprotection, we integrated the ligustrazine and phenolic acid fragments into one molecule via an amide bond based on structural combination. Results In this study, 12 novel ligustrazine-phenolic acid derivatives were synthesized and nine others were prepared by improved methods. Furthermore, these compounds were evaluated for their protective effects against CoCl2-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. The amides conjunctional derivatives exhibited promising neuroprotective activities in comparison with ligustrazine. In addition, the most active congener (E)-3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-N-((3,5,6-trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl)acrylamide (L10, EC50 = 25 μM), which is 2 times higher than that of ligustrazine, may be a potential candidate for intervention in neurological diseases. Structure-activity relationship was discussed briefly. Conclusions Results of series of ligustrazinyl amides enrich the study of ligustrazine derivatives with neuroprotective effects. Our completed work supports that the attempt to apply structure combination to discover more efficient neuroprotection lead compounds is viable. Ligustrazinyl Amides L1-L21 with Neuroprotective Effects. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Li
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Kuo Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Fuhao Chu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Jixiang Song
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Shen Zhou
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Yan Gong
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Huazheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Yuzhong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Penglong Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Haimin Lei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
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