1
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Levêque M, Lecommandoux S, Garanger E. Thermoresponsive Core-cross-linked Nanoparticles from HA- b-ELP Diblock Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3011-3017. [PMID: 38689515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Stabilization against the dilution-dependent disassembly of self-assembled nanoparticles is a requirement for in vivo application. Herein, we propose a simple and biocompatible cross-linking reaction for the stabilization of a series of nanoparticles formed by the self-assembly of amphiphilic HA-b-ELP block copolymers, through the alkylation of methionine residues from the ELP block with diglycidyl ether compounds. The core-cross-linked nanoparticles retain their colloidal properties, with a spherical core-shell morphology, while maintaining thermoresponsive behavior. As such, instead of a reversible disassembly when non-cross-linked, a reversible swelling of nanoparticles' core and increase of hydrodynamic diameter are observed with lowering of the temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Levêque
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac F-33600, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Garanger
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac F-33600, France
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2
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Yıldırım H, Turan G, Turan M. Expression of CD44, PCNA and E-cadherin in pterygium tissues. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:S501-S504. [PMID: 38648458 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2579_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pterygium is a common ocular surface disease defined by fibrovascular conjunctival growth extending onto the cornea. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of CD44, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and E-cadherin in pterygium formation and recurrence. METHODS Sixty patients with pterygium participated in the study, and we collected conjunctival samples from 30 patients to form a control group. CD44, PCNA, and E-cadherin expressions in surgically excised pterygium were compared with tissue samples from the control group. RESULTS We observed that the percentages of CD44 and PCNA were statistically higher in the primary pterygium group and recurrent pterygium group than in the control group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conversely, E-cadherin values were statistically higher in the control group than in the primary and recurrent pterygium groups (P = 0.013 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Cell proliferation and cell adhesion factors may play important roles in the pathogenesis of pterygium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humeyra Yıldırım
- Department of Ophthalmology, Balıkesir University, Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir, Türkiye
| | - Gulay Turan
- Department of Pathology, Balıkesir University, Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir, Türkiye
| | - Meydan Turan
- Balikesir Ataturk Cıty Hospital, Ophthalmology, Balikesir, Türkiye
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3
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Yan W, Ren Z, Chen X, Zhang R, Lv J, Verma V, Wu M, Chen D, Yu J. Potential Role of Lymphocyte CD44 in Determining Treatment Selection Between Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy and Surgery for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024:S0360-3016(24)00356-0. [PMID: 38447611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) versus surgery for operable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (ES-NSCLC) remains highly debated. Herein, we used spatial proteomics to identify whether any molecular biomarker(s) associate with the efficacy of either modality, in efforts to optimize treatment selection between surgery and SBRT for this population. METHODS AND MATERIALS We evaluated biopsy tissue samples from 44 patients with ES-NSCLC treated with first-line SBRT (cohort 1) by GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling (DSP) with a panel of 70 proteins in 5 spatial molecular compartments: tumor (panCK+), leukocyte (CD45+), lymphocyte (CD3+), macrophage (CD68+), and stroma (α-SMA+). To validate the findings in cohort 1, biopsy samples from 52 patients with ES-NSCLC who received SBRT (cohort 2) and 62 patients with ES-NSCLC who underwent surgery (cohort 3) were collected and analyzed by multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF). RESULTS In cohort 1, higher CD44 expression in the lymphocyte compartment was associated with poorer recurrence-free survival (RFS) (DSP: P < .001; mIF: P < .001) and higher recurrence rate (DSP: P = .001; mIF: P = .004). mIF data from cohort 2 validated these findings (P < .05 for all). From cohort 3, higher lymphocyte CD44 predicted higher RFS after surgery (P = .003). Intermodality comparisons demonstrated that SBRT was associated with significantly higher RFS over surgery in CD44-low patients (P < .001), but surgery was superior to SBRT in CD44-high cases (P = .016). CONCLUSIONS Lymphocyte CD44 may not only be a predictor of SBRT efficacy in this population but also an important biomarker (pending validation by large prospective data) that could better sharpen selection for SBRT versus surgery in ES-NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yan
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyuan Ren
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juncai Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinming Yu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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4
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Everest‐Dass A, Nersisyan S, Maar H, Novosad V, Schröder‐Schwarz J, Freytag V, Stuke JL, Beine MC, Schiecke A, Haider M, Kriegs M, Elakad O, Bohnenberger H, Conradi L, Raygorodskaya M, Krause L, von Itzstein M, Tonevitsky A, Schumacher U, Maltseva D, Wicklein D, Lange T. Spontaneous metastasis xenograft models link CD44 isoform 4 to angiogenesis, hypoxia, EMT and mitochondria-related pathways in colorectal cancer. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:62-90. [PMID: 37849446 PMCID: PMC10766209 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematogenous metastasis limits the survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, we illuminated the roles of CD44 isoforms in this process. Isoforms 3 and 4 were predominantly expressed in CRC patients. CD44 isoform 4 indicated poor outcome and correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) in patients; opposite associations were found for isoform 3. Pan-CD44 knockdown (kd) independently impaired primary tumor formation and abrogated distant metastasis in CRC xenografts. The xenograft tumors mainly expressed the clinically relevant CD44 isoforms 3 and 4. Both isoforms were enhanced in the paranecrotic, hypoxic tumor regions but were generally absent in lung metastases. Upon CD44 kd, tumor angiogenesis was increased in the paranecrotic areas, accompanied by reduced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and CEACAM5 but increased E-cadherin expression. Mitochondrial genes and proteins were induced upon pan-CD44 kd, as were OxPhos genes. Hypoxia increased VEGF release from tumor spheres, particularly upon CD44 kd. Genes affected upon CD44 kd in xenografts specifically overlapped concordantly with genes correlating with CD44 isoform 4 (but not isoform 3) in patients, validating the clinical relevance of the used model and highlighting the metastasis-promoting role of CD44 isoform 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Everest‐Dass
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith University, Gold Coast CampusAustralia
| | - Stepan Nersisyan
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Institute of Molecular BiologyThe National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of ArmeniaYerevanArmenia
- Armenian Bioinformatics Institute (ABI)YerevanArmenia
- Present address:
Computational Medicine CenterThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Hanna Maar
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Victor Novosad
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | | | - Vera Freytag
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Johanna L. Stuke
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Mia C. Beine
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Alina Schiecke
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Marie‐Therese Haider
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Malte Kriegs
- Department of Radiobiology and Radiation OncologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Omar Elakad
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGermany
| | | | - Lena‐Christin Conradi
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGermany
| | | | - Linda Krause
- Institute of Medical Biometry and EpidemiologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Mark von Itzstein
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith University, Gold Coast CampusAustralia
| | - Alexander Tonevitsky
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
- Art Photonics GmbHBerlinGermany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Medical School BerlinGermany
| | - Diana Maltseva
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Daniel Wicklein
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyUniversity of MarburgGermany
| | - Tobias Lange
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Institute of Anatomy IJena University HospitalGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG)Jena and LeipzigGermany
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5
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Raigorodskaya MP, Novosad VO, Tonevitskaya SA, Maltseva DV. Expression of CD44 Isoforms in Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822090071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Levêque M, Xiao Y, Durand L, Massé L, Garanger E, Lecommandoux S. Aqueous synthesis and self-assembly of bioactive and thermo-responsive HA- b-ELP bioconjugates. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6365-6376. [PMID: 36168976 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01149b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The design of synthetic (bio)macromolecules that combine biocompatibility, self-assembly and bioactivity properties at the molecular level is an intense field of research for biomedical applications such as (nano)medicine. In this contribution, we have designed and synthesized a library of bioactive and thermo-responsive bioconjugates from elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in order to access bioactive self-assembled nanoparticles. These were prepared by a simple synthetic and purification strategy, compatible with the requirements for biological applications and industrial scale-up. A series of 9 HA-b-ELP bioconjugates with different compositions and block lengths was synthesized under aqueous conditions by strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), avoiding the use of catalysts, co-reactants and organic solvents, and isolated by a simple centrifugation step. An extensive physico-chemical study was then performed on the whole library of bioconjugates in an attempt to establish structure-property relationships. In particular, the determination of the critical conditions for thermally driven self-assembly was carried out upon temperature (CMT) and concentration (CMC) gradients, leading to a phase diagram for each of these bioconjugates. These parameters and the size of nanoparticles were found to depend on the chemical composition of the bioconjugates, namely on the respective size of individual blocks. Understanding the mechanism underlying this dependency is a real asset for designing more effective experiments: with key criteria defined (e.g. concentration, temperature, salinity, and biological target), the composition of the best candidates can be rationalized. In particular, four of the bioconjugates (HA4.6k-ELPn80 or n100 and HA24k-ELPn80 or n100) were found to self-assemble into well-defined spherical core-shell nanoparticles, with a negative surface charge due to the HA block exposed at the surface, a hydrodynamic diameter between 40 and 200 nm under physiological conditions and a good stability over time at 37 °C. We therefore propose here a versatile and simple design of smart, controllable, and bioactive nanoparticles that present different behaviors depending on the diblocks' composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Levêque
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac F-33600, France.
| | - Ye Xiao
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac F-33600, France.
| | - Laura Durand
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac F-33600, France.
| | - Louise Massé
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac F-33600, France.
| | - Elisabeth Garanger
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac F-33600, France.
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7
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Novosad VO, Polikanova IS, Tonevitsky EA, Maltseva DV. Expression of CD44 Isoforms in Tumor Samples and Cell Lines of Human Colorectal Cancer. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 173:155-159. [PMID: 35618971 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Detection of colorectal cancer biomarkers (CRC) remains an urgent task for the diagnosis and prediction of the disease course. A promising approach is the study of cancer stem cell markers. The cell surface glycoprotein CD44 is very important for CRC and its stem cells. Alternative splicing of 9 variable exons of CD44 mRNA leads to the formation of various isoforms of the protein with different roles in the progression of cancer. Studies of the functions of CD44 isoforms require adequate models considering the distribution of CD44 isoforms in real tumor samples. In the present study, the expression profile of CD44 isoforms in CRC was assessed based on the publicly available mRNA sequencing data of patient tumors from the TCGA-COAD database. It was shown that normal tissues predominantly expressed isoforms 3 and 4 at nearly equal levels, whereas tumors mainly expressed isoforms 2, 3, and 4; isoform 3 was expressed at the highest level. Further, the most relevant cell lines for studying the role of CD44 in CRC were identified based on the analysis of mRNA sequencing data of 55 CRC cell lines form CCLE database.
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Affiliation(s)
- V O Novosad
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University), Moscow, Russia.
| | - I S Polikanova
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University), Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Tonevitsky
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University), Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Maltseva
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University), Moscow, Russia
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8
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Gallerani G, Rossi T, Valgiusti M, Angeli D, Fici P, De Fanti S, Bandini E, Cocchi C, Frassineti GL, Bonafè M, Fabbri F. CNA Profiling of Single CTCs in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer Patients during Therapy Highlights Unexplored Molecular Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6369. [PMID: 34944989 PMCID: PMC8699413 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Here, we monitored the evolution of CTCs spread in 11 patients affected by locally advanced EC who were undergoing therapy. METHODS In this perspective study, we designed multiple blood biopsies from individual patients: before and after neoadjuvant chemo-radio therapy and after surgery. We developed a multi-target array, named Grab-all assay, to estimate CTCs for their epithelial (EpCAM/E-Cadherin/Cytokeratins) and mesenchymal/stem (N-Cadherin/CD44v6/ABCG2) phenotypes. Identified CTCs were isolated as single cells by DEPArray, subjected to whole genome amplification, and copy number aberration (CNA) profiles were determined. Through bioinformatic analysis, we assessed the genomic imbalance of single CTCs, investigated specific focal copy number changes previously reported in EC and aberrant pathways using enrichment analysis. RESULTS Longitudinal monitoring allowed the identification of CTCs in at least one time-point per patient. Through single cell CNA analysis, we revealed that CTCs showed significantly dynamic genomic imbalance during treatment. Individual CTCs from relapsed patients displayed a higher degree of genomic imbalance relative to disease-free patients' groups. Genomic aberrations previously reported in EC occurred mostly in post-neoadjuvant therapy CTCs. In-depth analysis showed that networks enrichment in all time-point CTCs were inherent to innate immune system. Transcription/gene regulation, post-transcriptional and epigenetic modifications were uniquely affected in CTCs of relapsed patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data add clues to the comprehension of the role of CTCs in EC aggressiveness: chromosomal aberrations on genes related to innate immune system behave as relevant to the onset of CTC-status, whilst pathways of transcription/gene regulation, post-transcriptional and epigenetic modifications seem linked to patients' outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gallerani
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (T.R.); (P.F.); (E.B.); (C.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Tania Rossi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (T.R.); (P.F.); (E.B.); (C.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Martina Valgiusti
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.V.); (G.L.F.)
| | - Davide Angeli
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Pietro Fici
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (T.R.); (P.F.); (E.B.); (C.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Sara De Fanti
- Interdepartmental Centre “Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Erika Bandini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (T.R.); (P.F.); (E.B.); (C.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Claudia Cocchi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (T.R.); (P.F.); (E.B.); (C.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Giovanni Luca Frassineti
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.V.); (G.L.F.)
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Francesco Fabbri
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (T.R.); (P.F.); (E.B.); (C.C.); (F.F.)
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9
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Rhode P, Mehdorn M, Lyros O, Kahlert C, Kurth T, Venus T, Schierle K, Estrela-Lopis I, Jansen-Winkeln B, Lordick F, Gockel I, Thieme R. Characterization of Total RNA, CD44, FASN, and PTEN mRNAs from Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Gastric Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235975. [PMID: 34885085 PMCID: PMC8656496 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Liquid biopsy is an easily accessible and non-invasive method to gain information about tumor diseases. The purpose of our study was to determine the value of extracellular vesicle-derived mRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric cancer and the response to its treatment. In a cohort of 87 gastric cancer patients and a control group of 14 individuals, we analyzed the absolute RNA concentration from extracellular vesicles (EV) and the relative levels of FASN, PTEN, and CD44 mRNA, and their correlation with clinico-pathological features. These correlated with treatment, tumor grading, and the pathological subtype according to Laurén’s classification. This might reflect their potential as both diagnostic and therapeutic predictors. Abstract In-depth characterization has introduced new molecular subtypes of gastric cancer (GC). To identify these, new approaches and techniques are required. Liquid biopsies are trendsetting and provide an easy and feasible method to identify and to monitor GC patients. In a prospective cohort of 87 GC patients, extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated from 250 µL of plasma. The total RNA was isolated with TRIZOL. The total RNA amount and the relative mRNA levels of CD44, PTEN, and FASN were measured by qRT-PCR. The isolation of EVs and their contained mRNA was possible in all 87 samples investigated. The relative mRNA levels of PTEN were higher in patients already treated by chemotherapy than in chemo-naïve patients. In patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by gastrectomy, a decrease in the total RNA amount was observed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and gastrectomy, while FASN and CD44 mRNA levels decreased only after gastrectomy. The amount of RNA and the relative mRNA levels of FASN and CD44 in EVs were affected more significantly by chemotherapy and gastrectomy than by chemotherapy alone. Therefore, they are a potential biomarker for monitoring treatment response. Future analyses are needed to identify GC-specific key RNAs in EVs, which could be used for the diagnosis of gastric cancer patients in order to determine their molecular subtype and to accompany the therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rhode
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (P.R.); (M.M.); (O.L.); (B.J.-W.); (I.G.)
| | - Matthias Mehdorn
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (P.R.); (M.M.); (O.L.); (B.J.-W.); (I.G.)
| | - Orestis Lyros
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (P.R.); (M.M.); (O.L.); (B.J.-W.); (I.G.)
| | - Christoph Kahlert
- Department for Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, D-01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Thomas Kurth
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technology Platform, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Tom Venus
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, D-0407 Leipzig, Germany; (T.V.); (I.E.-L.)
| | - Katrin Schierle
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Irina Estrela-Lopis
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, D-0407 Leipzig, Germany; (T.V.); (I.E.-L.)
| | - Boris Jansen-Winkeln
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (P.R.); (M.M.); (O.L.); (B.J.-W.); (I.G.)
| | - Florian Lordick
- Department of Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pulmonology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ines Gockel
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (P.R.); (M.M.); (O.L.); (B.J.-W.); (I.G.)
| | - René Thieme
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (P.R.); (M.M.); (O.L.); (B.J.-W.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Almeida GM, Pereira C, Park JH, Lemos C, Campelos S, Gullo I, Martins D, Gonçalves G, Leitão D, Neto JL, André A, Borges C, Almeida D, Lee HJ, Kong SH, Kim WH, Carneiro F, Almeida R, Yang HK, Oliveira C. CD44v6 High Membranous Expression Is a Predictive Marker of Therapy Response in Gastric Cancer Patients. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091249. [PMID: 34572441 PMCID: PMC8465138 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In gastric cancer (GC), biomarkers that define prognosis and predict treatment response remain scarce. We hypothesized that the extent of CD44v6 membranous tumor expression could predict prognosis and therapy response in GC patients. Two GC surgical cohorts, from Portugal and South Korea (n = 964), were characterized for the extension of CD44v6 membranous immuno-expression, clinicopathological features, patient survival, and therapy response. The value of CD44v6 expression in predicting response to treatment and its impact on prognosis was determined. High CD44v6 expression was associated with invasive features (perineural invasion and depth of invasion) in both cohorts and with worse survival in the Portuguese GC cohort (HR 1.461; 95% confidence interval 1.002–2.131). Patients with high CD44v6 tumor expression benefited from conventional chemotherapy in addition to surgery (p < 0.05), particularly those with heterogeneous CD44v6-positive and -negative populations (CD44v6_3+) (p < 0.007 and p < 0.009). Our study is the first to identify CD44v6 high membranous expression as a potential predictive marker of response to conventional treatment, but it does not clarify CD44v6 prognostic value in GC. Importantly, our data support selection of GC patients with high CD44v6-expressing tumors for conventional chemotherapy in addition to surgery. These findings will allow better stratification of GC patients for treatment, potentially improving their overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Almeida
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Carla Pereira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ji-Hyeon Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (H.-J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (H.-K.Y.)
| | - Carolina Lemos
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- UnIGENe, IBMC—Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Campelos
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Department of Pathology, Ipatimup Diagnostics, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene Gullo
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Martins
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, ESTeSC—Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gilza Gonçalves
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Dina Leitão
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Luís Neto
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Ana André
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Clara Borges
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Daniela Almeida
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Hyuk-Joon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (H.-J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (H.-K.Y.)
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Kong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (H.-J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (H.-K.Y.)
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Woo Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Fátima Carneiro
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Almeida
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Han-Kwang Yang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (H.-J.L.); (S.-H.K.); (H.-K.Y.)
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Carla Oliveira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (G.M.A.); (C.P.); (C.L.); (S.C.); (I.G.); (D.M.); (A.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.)
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-220-408-800
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Hu Y, Zhang Y, Gao J, Lian X, Wang Y. The clinicopathological and prognostic value of CD44 expression in bladder cancer: a study based on meta-analysis and TCGA data. Bioengineered 2021; 11:572-581. [PMID: 32434417 PMCID: PMC7250188 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1765500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44 is reported to be involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the role of cancer stem cell marker CD44 in bladder cancer still remains controversial. Hence, the correlations between CD44 expression and the clinicopathological features and the prognosis of bladder cancer were investigated. Publications using immunohistochemical methods were identified. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were also analyzed. The odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. 14 studies involving 1107 tissue samples were included. CD44 expression in bladder cancer was lower than in non-tumor tissue samples (OR = 0.14, P = 0.005), which was consistent with TCGA data. CD44 expression was correlated with advanced T stage (OR = 1.76, P = 0.029) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 4.09, P < 0.001). Multivariate survival analysis showed that CD44 expression was not linked to tumor-specific survival, overall survival, and recurrence/relapse-free survival, but was associated with disease failure (HR = 2.912, 95% CI = 1.51-5.61). No relationships of CD44 expression with the clinicopathological features and overall survival were found from TCGA data. Our finding suggested that CD44 expression may be correlated with progression, metastasis, and disease failure of bladder cancer. However, further large-scale studies are needed.Abbreviations: CD44: Cluster of Differentiation 44; CIs: Confidence Intervals; CSCs: Cancer Stem Cells; EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition; HRs: Hazard Ratios; ORs: Odds Ratios; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongrui Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jialin Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Lian
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuantao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Huang J, Zhang L, Wan D, Zhou L, Zheng S, Lin S, Qiao Y. Extracellular matrix and its therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:153. [PMID: 33888679 PMCID: PMC8062524 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is one of the major components of tumors that plays multiple crucial roles, including mechanical support, modulation of the microenvironment, and a source of signaling molecules. The quantity and cross-linking status of ECM components are major factors determining tissue stiffness. During tumorigenesis, the interplay between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) often results in the stiffness of the ECM, leading to aberrant mechanotransduction and further malignant transformation. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of ECM dysregulation in the TME would contribute to the discovery of promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Herein, we summarized the knowledge concerning the following: (1) major ECM constituents and their functions in both normal and malignant conditions; (2) the interplay between cancer cells and the ECM in the TME; (3) key receptors for mechanotransduction and their alteration during carcinogenesis; and (4) the current therapeutic strategies targeting aberrant ECM for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Dalong Wan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shengzhang Lin
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Yiting Qiao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Expression of CD44 and the survival in glioma: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222520. [PMID: 32232385 PMCID: PMC7160241 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Higher tumor expression of CD44, a marker of cancer stem cells (CSCs), is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in various cancers. However, the association between CD44 and poor OS remains inconsistent in glioma. We aimed to evaluate the potential predictive role of CD44 for prognosis of glioma patients in a meta-analysis. Methods: Observational studies comparing OS of glioma patients according to the level of CD44 were identified through searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane’s Library databases. Meta-analyses were performed with a random- or fixed-effect model according to the heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the influences of study characteristics. Results: Eleven retrospective cohort studies were included. Results showed that increased CD44 expression in tumor predicted poor OS in glioma patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.97, P=0.04). Subgroup analyses showed that higher tumor CD44 expression significantly predicted poor OS in patients with World Health Organization (WHO) stages II–III glioma (HR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.53–5.89, P=0.002), but not in patients with glioblastoma (HR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.76–2.08, P=0.47; P for subgroup difference = 0.03). Results were not statistically different between subgroups according to patient ethnicity, sample size, CD44 detection method, CD44 cutoff, HR estimation, univariate or multivariate analysis, or median follow-up durations (P-values for subgroup difference all >0.10). Conclusion: Higher tumor expression of CD44 may predict poor survival in patients with glioma, particularly in those with WHO stage II–III glioma.
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Yao H, Sun L, Li J, Zhou X, Li R, Shao R, Zhang Y, Li L. A Novel Therapeutic siRNA Nanoparticle Designed for Dual-Targeting CD44 and Gli1 of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7013-7034. [PMID: 33061365 PMCID: PMC7522319 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s260163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gastric cancer stem cells (CSCs) are important for the initiation, growth, recurrence, and metastasis of gastric cancer, due to their chemo-resistance and indefinite proliferation. Herein, to eliminate gastric CSCs, we developed novel CSC-targeting glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanoparticles that are specifically guided by a di-stearoyl-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine- hyaluronic-acid (DSPE-HA) single-point conjugate, as an intrinsic ligand of the CD44 receptor. We refer to these as targeting Gli1 siRNA nanoparticles. Methods We used the reductive amination reaction method for attaching amine groups of DSPE to aldehydic group of hyaluronic acid (HA) at the reducing end, to synthesize the DSPE-HA single-point conjugate. Next, targeting Gli1 siRNA nanoparticles were prepared using the layer-by-layer assembly method. We characterized the stem cellular features of targeting Gli1 siRNA nanoparticles, including their targeting efficiency, self-renewal capacity, the migration and invasion capacity of gastric CSCs, and the penetration ability of 3D tumor spheroids. Next, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of the targeting Gli1 siRNA nanoparticles by using in vivo relapsed tumor models of gastric CSCs. Results Compared with the multipoint conjugates, DSPE-HA single-point conjugates on the surface of nanoparticles showed significantly higher binding affinities with CD44. The targeting Gli1 siRNA nanoparticles significantly decreased Gli1 protein expression, inhibited CSC tumor spheroid and colony formation, and suppressed cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, in vivo imaging demonstrated that targeting Gli1 siRNA nanoparticles accumulated in tumor tissues, showing significant antitumor recurrence efficacy in vivo. Conclusion In summary, our targeting Gli1 siRNA nanoparticles significantly inhibited CSC malignancy features by specifically blocking Hedgehog (Hh) signaling both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that this novel siRNA delivery system that specifically eliminates gastric CSCs provides a promising targeted therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nanopharmacology and Nanotoxicology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingcao Li
- Key Laboratory of Nanopharmacology and Nanotoxicology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongguang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanopharmacology and Nanotoxicology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Pereira C, Ferreira D, Mendes N, Granja PL, Almeida GM, Oliveira C. Expression of CD44v6-Containing Isoforms Influences Cisplatin Response in Gastric Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040858. [PMID: 32252293 PMCID: PMC7226224 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44v6-containing isoforms are frequently de novo expressed in gastric cancer (GC). Whether CD44v6 has a central role in GC transformation and/or progression, whether it conditions response to therapy or whether it is only a bystander marker is still not known. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the role of CD44v6 in GC. We generated GC isogenic cell lines stably expressing CD44s or CD44v6 and tested them for different cancer hallmarks and response to cisplatin, and we further confirmed our findings in cells that endogenously express CD44v6. No correlation between overexpression of CD44v6 and the tested cancer hallmarks was observed, suggesting CD44v6 is not a driver of GC progression. Upon cisplatin treatment, CD44v6+ cells survive better and have lower apoptosis levels than CD44v6− cells, possibly due to concomitant activation of STAT3 and P38. In co-culture experiments, we discovered that CD44v6+ cells are involved in GC cell overgrowth after cisplatin treatment. In conclusion, we show that CD44v6 expression increases cell survival in response to cisplatin treatment in GC cells and that these cells override CD44v6-negative cells after cisplatin-treatment. This suggests that tumor expression of CD44v6-containing variants may condition the outcome of GC patients treated with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (P.L.G.)
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (P.L.G.)
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mendes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (P.L.G.)
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro L. Granja
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (P.L.G.)
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-180 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriela M. Almeida
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (P.L.G.)
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FMUP - Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (G.M.A.); (C.O.); Tel.: +351-225-570-785 (C.O.)
| | - Carla Oliveira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (P.L.G.)
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FMUP - Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (G.M.A.); (C.O.); Tel.: +351-225-570-785 (C.O.)
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, gastric carcinoma (GC) is the 5th most common malignancies in both sexes representing 6.8% of the total fatalities and is the 3rd leading cause of cancer death representing 8.8% of total fatalities. In Egypt, GC considers the 12th leading cause of cancer death representing 2.2% of the total cancer mortality. A growing body of evidence supports that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are resistant to chemotherapy or radiation, and the cell adhesion molecule CD44 has been identified as a cell surface marker associated with cancer stem cell in several types of tumors including gastric cancer. CD44 regulates gastric stem cell proliferation by increasing cyclin D1 expression which represents an important regulatory protein in the cell cycle transition from G1 phase to S phase. This study aimed to investigate whether cyclin D1 and CD44 can be used as prognostic indicators in gastric cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded gastric tissues, obtained from patients who underwent endoscopic resection or surgical resection, constituted the group of our study. The immunohistochemical expression of cyclin D1 and CD44 was examined and correlated with clinical-pathological parameters and outcome of the patients. RESULTS Overexpression of CD44 and cyclin D1 was noted (in of 55 and 50% respectively). Cyclin D1 and CD44 positive expressions in GC were positively correlated with tumor differentiation (p = 0.020, p = 0.004 respectively), TNM stage (p < 0.001 for both), poor survival (p < 0.001 for both), and with increased rate of recurrence (p = 0.020, p = 0.005 respectively). CONCLUSION CD44 and cyclin D1 were associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer, and so, they comprise an attractive target for anticancer drug development.
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Gastric squamous-columnar junction contains a large pool of cancer-prone immature osteopontin responsive Lgr5 -CD44 + cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:84. [PMID: 31901081 PMCID: PMC6941991 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Areas of a junction between two types of epithelia are known to be cancer-prone in many organ systems. However, mechanisms for preferential malignant transformation at the junction areas remain insufficiently elucidated. Here we report that inactivation of tumor suppressor genes Trp53 and Rb1 in the gastric squamous-columnar junction (SCJ) epithelium results in preferential formation of metastatic poorly differentiated neoplasms, which are similar to human gastroesophageal carcinoma. Unlike transformation-resistant antral cells, SCJ cells contain a highly proliferative pool of immature Lgr5−CD44+ cells, which are prone to transformation in organoid assays, comprise early dysplastic lesions, and constitute up to 30% of all neoplastic cells. CD44 ligand osteopontin (OPN) is preferentially expressed in and promotes organoid formation ability and transformation of the SCJ glandular epithelium. OPN and CD44 overexpression correlate with the worst prognosis of human gastroesophageal carcinoma. Thus, detection and selective targeting of the active OPN-CD44 pathway may have direct clinical relevance. Cancers arising from the gastric squamous-columnar junction have high incidence and are characterized by a poor prognosis. Here, the authors use genetic mouse models to show that loss of p53 and Rb1 expression results in preferential tumour development at the gastric squamous-columnar junction that contains a large pool of osteopontin responsive Lgr5-CD44+ cells.
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Spadea A, Rios de la Rosa JM, Tirella A, Ashford MB, Williams KJ, Stratford IJ, Tirelli N, Mehibel M. Evaluating the Efficiency of Hyaluronic Acid for Tumor Targeting via CD44. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2481-2493. [PMID: 31013093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of delivery systems capable of tumor targeting represents a promising strategy to overcome issues related to nonspecific effects of conventional anticancer therapies. Currently, one of the most investigated agents for cancer targeting is hyaluronic acid (HA), since its receptor, CD44, is overexpressed in many cancers. However, most of the studies on CD44/HA interaction have been so far performed in cell-free or genetically modified systems, thus leaving some uncertainty regarding which cell-related factors influence HA binding and internalization (collectively called "uptake") into CD44-expressing cells. To address this, the expression of CD44 (both standard and variants, designated CD44s and CD44v, respectively) was evaluated in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and a large panel of cancer cell lines, including breast, prostate, head and neck, pancreatic, ovarian, colorectal, thyroid, and endometrial cancers. Results showed that CD44 isoform profiles and expression levels vary across the cancer cell lines and HDF and are not consistent within the cell origin. Using composite information of CD44 expression, HA binding, and internalization, we found that the expression of CD44v can negatively influence the uptake of HA, and, instead, when cells primarily expressed CD44s, a positive correlation was observed between expression and uptake. In other words, CD44shigh cells bound and internalized more HA compared to CD44slow cells. Moreover, CD44shigh HDFs were less efficient in uptaking HA compared to CD44shigh cancer cells. The experiments described here are the first step toward understanding the interplay between CD44 expression, its functionality, and the underlying mechanism(s) for HA uptake. The results show that factors other than the amount of CD44 receptor can play a role in the interaction with HA, and this represents an important advance with respect to the design of HA-based carriers and the selection of tumors to treat according to their CD44 expression profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Spadea
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , North West Centre of Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD) , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre , The University of Manchester , 555 Wilmslow Road , Manchester M20 4GJ , U.K
| | - Julio Manuel Rios de la Rosa
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , North West Centre of Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD) , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- BiOncoTech Therapeutics S.L., Science 2 Business Foundation , C/ Santiago Grisolia 2 Tres Cantos , Madrid 28760 , Spain
| | - Annalisa Tirella
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , North West Centre of Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD) , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
| | - Marianne B Ashford
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , North West Centre of Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD) , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Innovative Medicines Biotech Unit , AstraZeneca , Macclesfield SK10 2NA , U.K
| | - Kaye J Williams
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre , The University of Manchester , 555 Wilmslow Road , Manchester M20 4GJ , U.K
| | - Ian J Stratford
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , North West Centre of Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD) , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre , The University of Manchester , 555 Wilmslow Road , Manchester M20 4GJ , U.K
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , North West Centre of Advanced Drug Delivery (NoWCADD) , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials , Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Manal Mehibel
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health , University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre , Stopford Building , Manchester M13 9PT , U.K
- Department of Radiation Oncology , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305-5847 , United States
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Wang Z, Tang Y, Xie L, Huang A, Xue C, Gu Z, Wang K, Zong S. The Prognostic and Clinical Value of CD44 in Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:309. [PMID: 31114754 PMCID: PMC6503057 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: CD44 is widely used as a putative cancer stem cells (CSCs) marker for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the prognostic role of CD44 in CRC remains controversial. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of various CD44 isoforms and overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological features of CRC patients. Results: A total of 48 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Total CD44 isoforms overexpression was significantly correlated with worse OS of patients with CRC (HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08-1.61, P = 0.007). In a stratified analysis, a higher level of either CD44v6 or CD44v2 had an unfavorable impact on OS (HRCD44v6 = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.10-2.14, P = 0.010; HRCD44v2 = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.49-5.77, P = 0.002). Additionally, CD44 was shown to be associated with some clinicopathological features, such as lymph node metastasis (ORCD44 = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.01-2.41, P = 0.044; ORCD44v6 = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.19-3.26, P = 0.008; ORTotal CD44 isoforms = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.15-2.14, P = 0.004), distant metastasis (ORCD44 = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.08-7.83, P = 0.035; ORTotal CD44 isoforms = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.02-3.53, P = 0.044). Moreover, a high level of CD44 showed a possible correlation with poor differentiation (ORTotal CD44 isoforms = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.00-2.08, P = 0.051), elevated level of CD44v6 tend to be correlated with tumor size (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 0.99-2.96, P = 0.056). Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated that CD44 overexpression might be an unfavorable prognostic factor for CRC patients and could be used to predict poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Wang
- Pain Management, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Tang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Pain Management, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiping Huang
- Pain Management, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunchun Xue
- Pain Management, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Pain Management, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- Pain Management, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoqi Zong
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Graduate School of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Han S, Huang T, Li W, Wang X, Wu X, Liu S, Yang W, Shi Q, Li H, Hou F. Prognostic Value of CD44 and Its Isoforms in Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Meta-Analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:39. [PMID: 30788285 PMCID: PMC6372530 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Cancer stem cell marker CD44 and its variant isoforms (CD44v) may be correlated with tumor growth, metastasis, and chemo-radiotherapy resistance. However, the prognostic power of CD44 and CD44v in advanced cancer remains controversial. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to generalize the prognostic significance of these cancer stem cell markers in advanced cancer patients. Methods: Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated from multivariable analysis to assess the associations among CD44, CD44v6, and CD44v9 positivity and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was also conducted. Results: We included 15 articles that reported on 1,201 patients with advanced cancer (CD44: nine studies with 796 cases, CD44v6: three studies with 143 cases, and CD44v9: three studies with 262 cases). CD44 expression was slightly linked to worse OS (HR = 2.03, P = 0.027), but there was no correlation between CD44 expression and DFS, RFS, or PFS. Stratified analysis showed that CD44 expression was not correlated with OS at ≥5 years or OS in patients receiving adjuvant therapy. CD44v6 expression was not associated with OS. CD44v9 expression was closely associated with poor 5-years CSS in patients treated with chemo/radiotherapy (HR = 3.62, P < 0.001). However, TSA suggested that additional trials were needed to confirm these conclusions. Conclusions: CD44 or CD44v9 might be novel therapeutic targets for improving the treatment of advanced cancer patients. Additional prospective clinical trials are strongly needed across different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Han
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Huang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wen Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjia Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenggang Hou
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Abbasian M, Mousavi E, Arab-Bafrani Z, Sahebkar A. The most reliable surface marker for the identification of colorectal cancer stem-like cells: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8192-8202. [PMID: 30317669 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several surface markers have been proposed for the identification and characterization of colorectal cancer stem-like cells (CR-CSLCs). However, their reliability in CR-CSLCs identification remains controversial. This study evaluated the correlation between all candidate surface marker's expression and CSLCs properties (tumorigenicity) through monitoring in vivo tumor incidence and final tumor volume. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched until November 2017. A total of 27 studies were found that met the inclusion criteria for cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133) and CD44 markers. Results indicated that either CD133 or CD44 positive cells caused about twofold increase in tumor volume compared with the negative cells (p < 0.05). In two groups of cells derived from primary tumors and cell lines, CD133 + cells had 25 and 1.45 times higher tumor incidence potential than CD133 - cells, respectively ( p < 0.05). Also, cohort evaluation showed that CD133 overexpression at protein level is a marker of poor overall survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. While CD44 + cells displayed twofold tumorigenicity compared with the negative cells ( p < 0.05), combination of CD44 and CD133 showed about sevenfold tumorigenicity potential ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis suggests that CD133 is a robust biomarker to identify primary tumor CSLCs and can be proposed as a prognostic marker of CRC patient whereas it should be used with caution in cell lines. It seems to be more reliable to use CD133 in combination with CD44 as target biomarkers for the isolation of CR-CSLCs in both cell line and primary tumor cells populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Abbasian
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Mousavi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab-Bafrani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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22
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Fang J, Zhang S, Xue X, Zhu X, Song S, Wang B, Jiang L, Qin M, Liang H, Gao L. Quercetin and doxorubicin co-delivery using mesoporous silica nanoparticles enhance the efficacy of gastric carcinoma chemotherapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5113-5126. [PMID: 30233175 PMCID: PMC6135215 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s170862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective gastric carcinoma (GC) chemotherapy is subject to many in vitro and in vivo barriers, such as tumor microenvironment and multidrug resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, we developed a hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified silica nanoparticle (HA-SiLN/QD) co-delivering quercetin and doxorubicin (DOX) to enhance the efficacy of GC therapy (HA-SiLN/QD). The HA modification was done to recognize overexpressed CD44 receptors on GC cells and mediate selective tumor targeting. In parallel, quercetin delivery decreased the expression of Wnt16 and P-glycoprotein, thus remodeling the tumor microenvironment and reversed multidrug resistance to facilitate DOX activity. RESULTS Experimental results demonstrated that HA-SiLN/QD was nanoscaled particles with preferable stability and sustained release property. In vitro cell experiments on SGC7901/ADR cells showed selective uptake and increased DOX retention as compared to the DOX mono-delivery system (HA-SiLN/D). CONCLUSION In vivo anticancer assays on the SGC7901/ADR tumor-bearing mice model also revealed significantly enhanced efficacy of HA-SiLN/QD than mono-delivery systems (HA-SiLN/Q and HA-SiLN/D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Xue
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xinguo Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Shiduo Song
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Linhua Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Mingde Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The Stem Cell and Biomedical Material Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province (The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hansi Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Stem Cell and Biomedical Material Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province (The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China,
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23
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Ryu D, Ryoo IG, Kwak MK. Overexpression of CD44 Standard Isoform Upregulates HIF-1α Signaling in Hypoxic Breast Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:487-493. [PMID: 30157616 PMCID: PMC6131012 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), a cell surface receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA), is involved in aggressive cancer phenotypes. Herein, we investigated the role of the CD44 standard isoform (CD44s) in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) regulation using MCF7 overexpressing CD44s (pCD44s-MCF7). When pCD44s-MCF7 was incubated under hypoxia, levels of HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and the HIF-1α response element-derived luciferase activity were significantly increased compared to those in the control MCF7. Incubation of pCD44s-MCF7 cells with HA further increased HIF-1α accumulation, and the silencing of CD44s attenuated HIF-1α elevation, which verifies the role of CD44s in HIF-1α regulation. In addition, the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was higher in hypoxic pCD44s-MCF7 cells, and HIF-1α accumulation was diminished by the pharmacological inhibitors of ERK. CD44s-mediated HIF-1α augmentation resulted in two functional outcomes. First, pCD44s-MCF7 cells showed facilitated cell motility under hypoxia via the upregulation of proteins associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, such as SNAIL1 and ZEB1. Second, pCD44s-MCF7 cells exhibited higher levels of glycolytic proteins, such as glucose transporter-1, and produced higher levels of lactate under hypoxa. As a consequence of the enhanced glycolytic adaptation to hypoxia, pCD44s-MCF7 cells exhibited a higher rate of cell survival under hypoxia than that of the control MCF7, and glucose deprivation abolished these differential responses of the two cell lines. Taken together, these results suggest that CD44s activates hypoxia-inducible HIF-1α signaling via ERK pathway, and the CD44s-ERK-HIF-1α pathway is involved in facilitated cancer cell viability and motility under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayoung Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Geun Ryoo
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
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24
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Kim YS, Kaidina AM, Chiang JH, Yarygin KN, Lupatov AY. Cancer stem cell molecular markers verified in vivo. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750817010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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25
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Prognostic Evaluation of Vimentin Expression in Correlation with Ki67 and CD44 in Surgically Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:9207616. [PMID: 28421110 PMCID: PMC5381201 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9207616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. Radical surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy is the most effective treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, relatively few studies investigate the prognostic significance of biological markers in PDAC. This study aims to look into the expressions of vimentin, Ki67, and CD44 in PDAC surgical specimens and their potential prognostic implications in survival. Method. The study was designed as retrospective, and vimentin, Ki67, and CD44 expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 53 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases. Overall survival was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method. Results. Patients' median age was 68 years. The median survival was 18 months. The tumors were T3-4 in 40/53 (75.5%), and metastases in lymph nodes were found in 42 out of 53 (79.2%) cases. On multivariate analysis, the size of primary tumor (p < 0.001), the surgical resection margin status (p = 0.042), and vimentin expression (p = 0.011) were independently correlated with overall survival. Conclusions. Long-term survival after resection of PDAC is still about 15%. Vimentin expression is a potential independent adverse prognostic molecular marker and should be included in histopathological reports. Also, CD44 expression correlates with high Ki67, vimentin positivity, and N stage and may represent a potential target of novel therapeutic modalities in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients.
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26
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Kim YS, Kaidina AM, Chiang JH, Yarygin KN, Lupatov AY. [Molecular markers of cancer stem cells verified in vivo]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2017; 62:228-38. [PMID: 27420613 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20166203228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to analyze molecular markers of cancer stem cells. Only studies that confirmed tumor-initiating capacity of this population by in vivo assay in immunodeficient mice were included. Final sample of papers that fully correspond with initial aim consists of 97 original studies. The results of their analysis reveal that markers commonly used for cancer stem cells deriving were as follows: CD133, СD44, ALDH, CD34, CD24 and EpCAM. The review also contains description of molecular features of some cancer stem cell markers, modern approaches to cancer treatment by targeting this population and brief assessment of cancer stem cell theory development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kim
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Kaidina
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - J H Chiang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - K N Yarygin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Lupatov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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27
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Yang Z, Luo H, Cao Z, Chen Y, Gao J, Li Y, Jiang Q, Xu R, Liu J. Dual-targeting hybrid nanoparticles for the delivery of SN38 to Her2 and CD44 overexpressed human gastric cancer. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:11543-11558. [PMID: 27203688 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01749e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), particularly of the type with high expression of both human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) and cluster determinant 44 (CD44), is one of the most malignant human tumors which causes a high mortality rate due to rapid tumor growth and metastasis. To develop effective therapeutic treatments, a dual-targeting hybrid nanoparticle (NP) system was designed and constructed to deliver the SN38 agent specifically to human solid gastric tumors bearing excessive Her2 and CD44. The hybrid NPs consist of a particle core made of the biodegradable polymer PLGA and a lipoid shell prepared by conjugating the AHNP peptides and n-hexadecylamine (HDA) to the carboxyl groups of hyaluronic acid (HA). Upon encapsulation of the SN38 agent in the NPs, the AHNP peptides and HA on the NP surface allow preferential delivery of the drug to gastric cancer cells (e.g., HGC27 cells) by targeting Her2 and CD44. Cellular uptake and in vivo biodistribution experiments verified the active targeting and prolonged in vivo circulation properties of the dual-targeting hybrid NPs, leading to enhanced accumulation of the drug in tumors. Furthermore, the anti-proliferation mechanism studies revealed that the inhibition of the growth and invasive activity of HGC27 cells was not only attributed to the enhanced cellular uptake of dual-targeting NPs, but also benefited from the suppression of CD44 and Her2 expression by HA and AHNP moieties. Finally, intravenous administration of the SN38-loaded dual-targeting hybrid NPs induced significant growth inhibition of HGC27 tumor xenografted in nude mice compared with a clinical antitumor agent, Irinotecan (CPT-11), and the other NP formulations. These results demonstrate that the designed dual-targeting hybrid NPs are promising for targeted anti-cancer drug delivery to treat human gastric tumors over-expressing Her2 and CD44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Huiyan Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China. and Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China.
| | - Zhong Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Ya Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Jinbiao Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yingqin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Ruihua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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Abstract
Background Sebaceous glands contribute significantly to the barrier functions of the skin. However, little is known about their homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Recently, increased expression of stem cell marker Lrig1 has been reported in sebaceous carcinoma-like tumors of K14ΔNLef1 transgenic mice. In this study, we analyzed the Lrig1 expression in human sebaceous tumors. Methods Twenty-eight formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sebaceous tumor specimens (7 sebaceous hyperplasias, 7 sebaceous adenomas, 10 sebaceomas and 4 sebaceous carcinomas) were stained with anti-Lrig1, anti-CD44v3 and anti-Ki67 antibody. Results Four (100%) sebaceous carcinomas, 8 (80%) sebaceomas, 3 (43%) sebaceous adenomas and no sebaceous hyperplasia showed Lrig1 overexpression. Discussion and Conclusion Lrig1 is a known tumor suppressor gene and is usually considered to be an indicator of poorly aggressive tumors. In human sebaceous tumors, the stronger Lrig1 staining in sebaceous carcinoma compared to other sebaceous tumors might be a feature of an advanced stage in tumorigenesis and a bad prognosis. In our study, 100% of sebaceous carcinomas revealed Lrig1 overexpression. We propose that Lrig1 may be used as a possible new marker of poorly differentiated sebaceous carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jöri Pünchera
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Barnes
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gürkan Kaya
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Ji K, Zhang L, Zhang M, Chu Q, Li X, Wang W. Prognostic Value and Clinicopathological Significance of p-stat3 Among Gastric Carcinoma Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2641. [PMID: 26844481 PMCID: PMC4748898 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-stat3) was detected in a variety of human tumors. The published studies on p-stat3 expression among gastric carcinoma patients remain controversial.In order to clarify the prognosis value of p-stat3 with overall survival and its association with clinicopathological characteristics in gastric carcinoma, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eligible studies were retrieved by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Chinese biomedical literature service system databases.Studies described the association between p-stat3 expression and clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival in gastric carcinoma patients; p-stat3 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC).Odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were considered as a measure of evaluating the association in meta-analysis; I was used to assess the heterogeneity across studies; publication bias was assessed with funnel plot, Egger test, and Begg test.Twenty-three studies including 2872 patients which evaluated the p-stat3 expression by IHC in gastric carcinoma were included. The pooled HR (HR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.49-2.73, P < 0.00001) indicated that the increased p-stat3 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival. In addition, when we investigated the association between p-stat3 overexpression and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric carcinoma, we found that the increased p-stat3 expression was significantly associated with tumor differentiation (poorly vs well-moderately: OR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.98-6.93, P < 0.0001) and lymph node metastasis (present vs absent: OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.28-4.50, P = 0.007).The different type of primary antibody was used; the assessment methods of p-stat3 positive expression were defined differently; the locations of p-stat3 expression were different; the method of extrapolating HR from Kaplan-Meier survival curves did seem to be less reliable than when HR was extracted directly from literatures; sample sizes, the age of patients, and the follow-up durations are different.In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicates that the increased p-stat3 expression may be not only predict poor prognosis, but also be associated with worse tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ji
- From the Department of Pathophysiology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang (KJ, LZ); Grade 2012 Clinical Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang (MZ, QC); Department of Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun (XL); and Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Clinical Medical School of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities (Inner Mongolia General Forestry Hospital), Inner Mongolia, China (WW)
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Zhang Y, Ding C, Wang J, Sun G, Cao Y, Xu L, Zhou L, Chen X. Prognostic significance of CD44V6 expression in osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2015; 10:187. [PMID: 26697855 PMCID: PMC4690422 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-015-0328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous individual studies evaluating the relationship between CD44V6 over-expression and prognostic impact in patients with osteosarcoma (OS) have yielded in conclusive results. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the value of cell adhesion molecule CD44V6 in prognosis of OS by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed (medline), Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, Springer, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, BioMed Central, ScienceDirect, Wanfang, Weipu, and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) databases from inception through May 26, 2015. All available articles written in English or Chinese that investigated the expression of CD44V6 and the prognosis of OS were included. The quantity of the studies was evaluated according to the critical review checklist of the Dutch Cochrane Centre proposed by MOOSE. Finally, a total of eight studies with 486 OS patients were involved and the results indicated that the positive expression of CD44V6 predicts neoplasm metastasis (RR = 1.76, 95 % CI 1.38-2.25, p < 0.00001), and poor survival in OS with the pooled HR of 1.53 (95 % CI 1.25-1.88, p < 0.0001). No significant heterogeneity was observed among all studies. In conclusion, the present meta-analysis and systematic review strongly suggest that CD44V6 over-expression is associated with overall survival rate and metastasis in OS, and may be used as a prognostic biomarker to guide the clinical therapy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Chunming Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designated by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guirong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yongxian Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Longqiang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designated by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Xiaoping L, Xiaowei Z, Leizhen Z, Weijian G. Expression and significance of CD44 and p-AKT in pancreatic head cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:334. [PMID: 26666511 PMCID: PMC4678728 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD44 and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) is a potentially interesting prognostic marker and therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer. The expression of CD44 and p-AKT has been reported to correlate with poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer in most literatures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the roles of CD44 and p-AKT in pancreatic head cancer and their correlation with the prognosis of pancreatic head cancer patients. Methods Forty-eight pancreatic head cancer samples were collected dating from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2012. Immunohistochemistry was applied to test the expression of CD44 and p-AKT in pancreatic head cancer. The clinical data of the patients were collected including their gender, age, the histology and location, lymph node metastasis, and so on. The correlation between the CD44 expression and the clinicopathological factors of patients with pancreatic head cancer was analyzed by the software SPSS 13.0. Results The positive rates of CD44 and p-AKT expression in the samples were 64.6 and 29.2 %, respectively. There was a significant difference between the CD44 expression and the pancreatic cancer’ T staging, tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The Cox proportional hazard model showed that CD44 and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions CD44 was related to the distant metastasis and aggressive malignant behaviors of pancreatic head cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiaoping
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Zhang Xiaowei
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zheng Leizhen
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Guo Weijian
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Han Y, Lu S, Wen YG, Yu FD, Zhu XW, Qiu GQ, Tang HM, Peng ZH, Zhou CZ. Overexpression of HOXA10 promotes gastric cancer cells proliferation and HOXA10(+)/CD44(+) is potential prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer. Eur J Cell Biol 2015; 94:642-52. [PMID: 26552644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant cancer with poor prognosis. This study aims to investigate the roles of homeobox A10 (HOXA10) in GC and the correlations between HOXA10/CD44 expression and GC prognosis. Based on qRT-PCR and Western Blot analyses in 50 pairs of fresh GC samples and adjacent normal samples, it is identified that HOXA10 was significantly up-regulated in GC tissues at mRNA and protein levels. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were enhanced in GC cells with overexpressed HOXA10, while inhibited in cells with silenced HOXA10. Through IPA software, HOXA10 was predicted to interact with CD44 via MSN, which was preliminarily confirmed by using Western Blot. Through immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray (N=264), it is found that HOXA10 expression was significantly correlated with tumor size (P=0.011) and CD44 expression (P<0.001), while CD44 expression was significantly correlated with tumor size (P<0.001), depth of tumor invasion (P<0.001), lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), distant metastasis (P=0.001), UICC stage (P<0.001), histological differentiation (P<0.001), and HOXA10 expression (P<0.001). Additionally, the over-all survival and disease-free survival of HOXA10(+)/CD44(+) patients were dramatically decreased in comparison with that of HOXA10(+)/CD44(-), HOXA10(-)/CD44(+), or HOXA10(-)/CD44(-) patients (P<0.001), suggesting that the combinatory expression of HOXA10 and CD44 was correlated with poor GC prognosis. In conclusion, HOXA10 and CD44 might play roles in GC tumorigenesis, metastasis, and invasion. HOXA10(+)/CD44(+) expression might serve as a prognostic biomarker for GC, which needs more studies to validate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China
| | - Su Lu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China
| | - Yu-Gang Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China
| | - Fu-Dong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China
| | - Xing-Wu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China
| | - Hua-Mei Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China
| | - Zhi-Hai Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China
| | - Chong-Zhi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20080, China.
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Mattheolabakis G, Milane L, Singh A, Amiji MM. Hyaluronic acid targeting of CD44 for cancer therapy: from receptor biology to nanomedicine. J Drug Target 2015; 23:605-18. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1052072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Cancer stem cells in human digestive tract malignancies. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Hu B, Luo W, Hu RT, Zhou Y, Qin SY, Jiang HX. Meta-Analysis of Prognostic and Clinical Significance of CD44v6 in Esophageal Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1238. [PMID: 26252284 PMCID: PMC4616606 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44v6 is a cell adhesion molecule that plays an important role in the development and progression of esophageal cancer. However, the prognostic value and clinical significance of CD44v6 in esophageal cancer remains controversial. In the present study, we aimed to clarify these relationships through a meta-analysis.We performed a comprehensive search of studies from PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid library database, Google scholar, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases that were published before June 2015. The odds ratio (OR) and pooled hazard ratio (HR) with the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the effects.Twenty-one studies including 1504 patients with esophageal cancer were selected to assess the prognostic value and clinical significance of CD44v6 in these patients. The results showed that the expression of CD44v6 was higher in esophageal cancer tissue than in normal colorectal tissue (OR=9.19, 95% CI=6.30-13.42). Moreover, expression of CD44v6 was higher in patients with lymphoid nodal metastasis, compared to those without (OR=6.91, 95% CI=4.81-9.93). The pooled results showed that CD44v6 was associated with survival in patients with esophageal cancer (HR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.56-3.92). No significant difference in CD44v6 expression was found in patients with different histological types and tumor stages (both P>0.05). Moreover, no publication bias was found among the studies (all P > 0.05).This meta-analysis demonstrates that CD44v6 is associated with the metastasis of esophageal cancer and a poor prognosis, but is not associated with the histological types and tumor stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangli Hu
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (BH, WL, S-YQ, H-XJ); Minzu Hospital Affiliated of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (R-TH); and Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland (YZ)
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SAM68: Signal Transduction and RNA Metabolism in Human Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:528954. [PMID: 26273626 PMCID: PMC4529925 DOI: 10.1155/2015/528954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in expression and/or activity of splicing factors as well as mutations in cis-acting
splicing regulatory sequences contribute to cancer phenotypes. Genome-wide
studies have revealed more than 15,000 tumor-associated splice variants derived from
genes involved in almost every aspect of cancer cell biology, including proliferation,
differentiation, cell cycle control, metabolism, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and
angiogenesis. In the past decades, several RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have been
implicated in tumorigenesis. SAM68 (SRC associated in mitosis of 68 kDa) belongs to
the STAR (signal transduction and activation of RNA metabolism) family of RBPs.
SAM68 is involved in several steps of mRNA metabolism, from transcription to
alternative splicing and then to nuclear export. Moreover, SAM68 participates in signaling
pathways associated with cell response to stimuli, cell cycle transitions, and viral
infections. Recent evidence has linked this RBP to the onset and progression of
different tumors, highlighting misregulation of SAM68-regulated splicing events as a
key step in neoplastic transformation and tumor progression. Here we review recent
studies on the role of SAM68 in splicing regulation and we discuss its contribution to
aberrant pre-mRNA processing in cancer.
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Yan Y, Zuo X, Wei D. Concise Review: Emerging Role of CD44 in Cancer Stem Cells: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:1033-43. [PMID: 26136504 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The reception and integration of the plethora of signals a cell receives from its microenvironment determines the cell's fate. CD44 functions as a receptor for hyaluronan and many other extracellular matrix components, as well as a cofactor for growth factors and cytokines, and thus, CD44 is a signaling platform that integrates cellular microenvironmental cues with growth factor and cytokine signals and transduces signals to membrane-associated cytoskeletal proteins or to the nucleus to regulate a variety of gene expression levels related to cell-matrix adhesion, cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Accumulating evidence indicates that CD44, especially CD44v isoforms, are cancer stem cell (CSC) markers and critical players in regulating the properties of CSCs, including self-renewal, tumor initiation, metastasis, and chemoradioresistance. Furthermore, there is ample evidence that CD44, especially CD44v isoforms, are valuable prognostic markers in various types of tumors. Therefore, therapies that target CD44 may destroy the CSC population, and this holds great promise for the cure of life-threatening cancers. However, many challenges remain to determining how best to use CD44 as a biomarker and therapeutic target. Here we summarize the current findings concerning the critical role of CD44/CD44v in the regulation of cancer stemness and the research status of CD44/CD44v as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. We also discuss the current challenges and future directions that may lead to the best use of CD44/CD44v for clinical applications. SIGNIFICANCE Mounting evidence indicates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are mainly responsible for cancer aggressiveness, drug resistance, and tumor relapse. CD44, especially CD44v isoforms, have been identified as CSC surface markers for isolating and enriching CSCs in different types of cancers. The current findings concerning the critical role of CD44/CD44v in regulation of cancer stemness and the research status of CD44/CD44v as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer are summarized. The current challenges and future directions that may lead to best use of CD44/CD44v for clinical applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmin Yan
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; School of Medical Sciences and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangsheng Zuo
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; School of Medical Sciences and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; School of Medical Sciences and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Xie JW, Chen PC, Zheng CH, Li P, Wang JB, Lin JX, Lu J, Chen QY, Cao LL, Lin M, Lin Y, Huang CM. Evaluation of the prognostic value and functional roles of CD44v6 in gastric cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 141:1809-17. [PMID: 25809905 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-1964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor stem cell surface marker CD44v6, a member of the CD44 protein family, is causally involved in the metastasis of cancer. Little is known about the functions of CD44v6 in gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of CD44v6 and investigate its functional roles. METHODS The expression of CD44v6 in 208 primary gastric adenocarcinoma patient samples was examined using immunohistochemistry and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters, and 5-year patient survival was assessed. Two pairs of MGC-803 stable cells with either CD44v6 overexpression or knockdown were created. The effect of CD44v6 on cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and apoptosis was investigated using these two pairs of cells. RESULTS Overexpression of CD44v6 was observed in all cancer cell lines. The 5-year survival rate of patients with positive CD44v6 expression is significantly worse compared to those with negative expression (38.8 vs. 73.6 %). CD44v6 and TNM stage are two independent prognostic factors of primary gastric adenocarcinoma. The risk factors for the positive CD44v6 expression are location of tumor, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, Lauren classification and TNM stage. In MGC-803 cells, CD44 stimulated proliferation and colony formation, antagonized oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis, but did not affect migration. CONCLUSION CD44v6 is an important prognosis marker in gastric cancer. Tissue specificity may affect the functions of CD44v6, and further work is needed to elucidate its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wei Xie
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
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