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Arumugam M, Pachamuthu RS, Rymbai E, Jha AP, Rajagopal K, Kothandan R, Muthu S, Selvaraj D. Gene network analysis combined with preclinical studies to identify and elucidate the mechanism of action of novel irreversible Keap1 inhibitor for Parkinson's disease. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10965-y. [PMID: 39145879 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The cysteine residues of Keap1 such as C151, C273, and C288 are critical for its repressor activity on Nrf2. However, to date, no molecules have been identified to covalently modify all three cysteine residues for Nrf2 activation. Hence, in this study, our goal is to discover new Keap1 covalent inhibitors that can undergo a Michael addition with all three cysteine residues. The Keap1's intervening region was modeled using Modeller v10.4. Covalent docking and binding free energy were calculated using CovDock. Molecular dynamics (MD) was performed using Desmond. Various in-vitro assays were carried out to confirm the neuroprotective effects of the hit molecule in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Further, the best hit was evaluated in vivo for its ability to improve rotenone-induced postural instability and cognitive impairment in male rats. Finally, network pharmacology was used to summarize the complete molecular mechanism of the hit molecule. Chalcone and plumbagin were found to form the necessary covalent bonds with all three cysteine residues. However, MD analysis indicated that the binding of plumbagin is more stable than chalcone. Plumbagin displayed neuroprotective effects in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells at concentrations 0.01 and 0.1 μM. Plumbagin at 0.1 µM had positive effects on reactive oxygen species formation and glutathione levels. Plumbagin also improved postural instability and cognitive impairment in rotenone-treated male rats. Our network analysis indicated that plumbagin could also improve dopamine signaling. Additionally, plumbagin could exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity through the activation of Nrf2. Cumulatively, our study suggests that plumbagin is a novel Keap1 covalent inhibitor for Nrf2-mediated neuroprotection in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Arumugam
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjith Sanjeeve Pachamuthu
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Emdormi Rymbai
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aditya Prakash Jha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalirajan Rajagopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ram Kothandan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santhoshkumar Muthu
- Department of Biochemistry, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, GN Mills, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Divakar Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ng GYQ, Hande MP. Use of peptide nucleic acid probe to determine telomere dynamics in improving chromosome analysis in genetic toxicology studies. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 897:503773. [PMID: 39054004 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Genetic toxicology, strategically located at the intersection of genetics and toxicology, aims to demystify the complex interplay between exogenous agents and our genetic blueprint. Telomeres, the protective termini of chromosomes, play instrumental roles in cellular longevity and genetic stability. Traditionally karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), have been indispensable tools for chromosomal analysis following exposure to genotoxic agents. However, their scope in discerning nuanced molecular dynamics is limited. Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) are synthetic entities that embody characteristics of both proteins and nucleic acids and have emerged as potential game-changers. This perspective report comprehensively examines the vast potential of PNAs in genetic toxicology, with a specific emphasis on telomere research. PNAs' superior resolution and precision make them a favourable choice for genetic toxicological assessments. The integration of PNAs in contemporary analytical workflows heralds a promising evolution in genetic toxicology, potentially revolutionizing diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutic avenues. In this timely review, we attempted to assess the limitations of current PNA-FISH methodology and recommend refinements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Yong Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Manoor Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Angulo-Elizari E, Henriquez-Figuereo A, Morán-Serradilla C, Plano D, Sanmartín C. Unlocking the potential of 1,4-naphthoquinones: A comprehensive review of their anticancer properties. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116249. [PMID: 38458106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Cancer encompasses a group of pathologies with common characteristics, high incidence, and prevalence in all countries. Although there are treatments available for this disease, they are not always effective or safe, often failing to achieve the desired results. This is why it is necessary to continue the search for new therapies. One of the strategies for obtaining new antitumor drugs is the use of 1,4-naphthoquinone as a scaffold in synthetic or natural products with antitumor activity. This review focuses on compiling studies related to the antitumor activity of 1,4-naphthoquinone and its natural and synthetic derivatives over the last 10 years. The work describes the main natural naphthoquinones with antitumor activity and classifies the synthetic naphthoquinones based on the structural modifications made to the scaffold. Additionally, the formation of metal complexes using naphthoquinones as a ligand is considered. After a thorough review, 197 synthetic compounds with potent biological activity against cancer have been classified according to their chemical structures and their mechanisms of action have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Angulo-Elizari
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Andreina Henriquez-Figuereo
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Morán-Serradilla
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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Sameni S, Viswanathan R, Ng GYQ, Martinez-Lopez W, Hande MP. Telomerase Inhibition by MST-312 Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells to the Anti-cancer Properties of Plumbagin. Genome Integr 2023; 14:e20230002. [PMID: 38765717 PMCID: PMC11102071 DOI: 10.14293/genint.14.1.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cause of malignancy and the second most common cause of death due to cancer in women. This heterogeneous disease is currently broadly classified as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) positive luminal tumors, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplified tumors and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). Phytochemicals are proven to be promising anti-cancer chemotherapeutics agents with minimal cytotoxic effects on normal cells. Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone) is a phytochemical derived from the roots of Plumbago zeylanica and it is known to possess anti-cancer properties similar to other compounds of naphthoquinones. In about 90% of cancer cells, the telomerase enzyme activity is revived to add telomeric repeats to evade apoptosis. In this study, a combinatorial approach of combining the anti-cancer compound plumbagin to induce genotoxicity and a potent telomerase inhibitor, MST-312 (synthetic derivative of tea catechins), was used to determine the combinational treatment-induced lethality in breast cancer cells such as MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) and MCF-7 (lumina) cells. MDA-MB-231 cells were responsive to combination treatment in both short-term (48 h) and long-term treatment (14 days) in a synergistic manner, whereas in MCF-7, the combination treatment was more effective in the long-term regimen. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effects of the plumbagin and MST-312 combination treatment were not recoverable after the short-term treatment. In conclusion, a combination treatment of MST-312 and plumbagin is proven to be more effective than a single plumbagin compound treatment in inducing DNA damage and telomere dysfunction leading to greater genome instability, cell cycle arrest and eventually cell death in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safoura Sameni
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramya Viswanathan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin Yong-Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wilner Martinez-Lopez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Associate Unit on Genomic Stability, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic (UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M. Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Liu H, Zhang W, Jin L, Liu S, Liang L, Wei Y. Plumbagin Exhibits Genotoxicity and Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest via ROS-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Activation of ATM-p53 Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076279. [PMID: 37047251 PMCID: PMC10094147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, PLB), a naturally occurring naphthoquinone mainly isolated from the plant Plumbago zeylanica L., has been proven to possess anticancer activities towards multiple types of cancer. Although there has been an increasing amount of research regarding its anticancer effects, the association between oxidative stress, genotoxicity and the cell cycle arrest induced by PLB still remains unclear. Therefore, it is important to investigate their potential connections and the involvement of DNA damage and the ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM)-p53 signaling pathway in PLB’s anticancer mechanism. The present study showed that PLB exposure significantly reduced HCC cell viability and colony formation. In addition, PLB-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and DNA damage was detected, which could be almost blocked by NAC pretreatment. PLB could trigger a DNA damage response by activating cell cycle checkpoints such as ATM, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) and p53. Meanwhile, the key modulator of the G2/M transition factor, Cell Division Cycle 25C (cdc25C), was significantly downregulated in an ROS-dependent manner. Furthermore, pretreatment with ATM and p53 inhibitors (KU55933 and Pifithrin-α) could reduce the occurrence of G2/M cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the activation of the ATM-p53 pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that ROS-mediated oxidative stress plays a key role in PLB-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest mediated by the ATM-p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530024, China; (H.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Preventive Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530024, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Science, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Lijie Jin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Preventive Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530024, China
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Preventive Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530024, China
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Liying Liang
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530024, China; (H.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Preventive Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530024, China
| | - Yanfei Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Preventive Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530024, China
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- Correspondence:
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Ye Y, Ma Y, Kong M, Wang Z, Sun K, Li F. Effects of Dietary Phytochemicals on DNA Damage in Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:761-775. [PMID: 36562548 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2157024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of cancer worldwide, the prevention and treatment of cancer have garnered considerable scientific attention. Traditional chemotherapeutic drugs are highly toxic and associated with substantial side effects; therefore, there is an urgent need for developing new therapeutic agents. Dietary phytochemicals are important in tumor prevention and treatment because of their low toxicity and side effects at low concentrations; however, their exact mechanisms of action remain obscure. DNA damage is mainly caused by physical or chemical factors in the environment, such as ultraviolet light, alkylating agents and reactive oxygen species that cause changes in the DNA structure of cells. Several phytochemicals have been shown inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors by inducing DNA damage. This article reviews the advances in phytochemical research; particularly regarding the mechanisms related to DNA damage and provide a theoretical basis for future chemoprophylaxis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mei Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kang Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Lowe L, LaValley JW, Felsher DW. Tackling heterogeneity in treatment-resistant breast cancer using a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:917-925. [PMID: 36627896 PMCID: PMC9771755 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity can contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance in cancer, including advanced breast cancers. The object of the Halifax project was to identify new treatments that would address mechanisms of therapeutic resistance through tumor heterogeneity by uncovering combinations of therapeutics that could target the hallmarks of cancer rather than focusing on individual gene products. A taskforce of 180 cancer researchers, used molecular profiling to highlight key targets responsible for each of the hallmarks of cancer and then find existing therapeutic agents that could be used to reach those targets with limited toxicity. In many cases, natural health products and re-purposed pharmaceuticals were identified as potential agents. Hence, by combining the molecular profiling of tumors with therapeutics that target the hallmark features of cancer, the heterogeneity of advanced-stage breast cancers can be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer (NGO), Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 1X5, Canada
| | | | - Dean W. Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, CA CCSR 1105, USA
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Jampasri S, Reabroi S, Tungmunnithum D, Parichatikanond W, Pinthong D. Plumbagin Suppresses Breast Cancer Progression by Downregulating HIF-1α Expression via a PI3K/Akt/mTOR Independent Pathway under Hypoxic Condition. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175716. [PMID: 36080483 PMCID: PMC9457614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a major transcriptional regulator that plays a crucial role in the hypoxic response of rapidly growing tumors. Overexpression of HIF-1α has been associated with breast cancer metastasis and poor clinical prognosis. Plumbagin, the main phytochemical from Plumbago indica, exerts anticancer effects via multiple mechanisms. However, its precise mechanisms on breast cancer cells under hypoxic conditions has never been investigated. This study aims to examine the anticancer effect of plumbagin on MCF-7 cell viability, transcriptional activity, and protein expression of HIF-1α under normoxia and hypoxia-mimicking conditions, as well as reveal the underlying signaling pathways. The results demonstrate that plumbagin decreased MCF-7 cell viability under normoxic conditions, and a greater extent of reduction was observed upon exposure to hypoxic conditions induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2). Mechanistically, MCF-7 cells upregulated the expression of HIF-1α protein, mRNA, and the VEGF target gene under CoCl2-induced hypoxia, which were abolished by plumbagin treatment. In addition, inhibition of HIF-1α and its downstream targets did not affect the signaling transduction of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway under hypoxic state. This study provides mechanistic insight into the anticancer activity of plumbagin in breast cancer cells under hypoxic conditions by abolishing HIF-1α at transcription and post-translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supawan Jampasri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Somrudee Reabroi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangjai Tungmunnithum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Warisara Parichatikanond
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Center of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing (BSHA), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Darawan Pinthong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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Feng S, Qian X, Feng D, Zhang X. Downregulation of BLM RecQ helicase inhibits proliferation, promotes the apoptosis and enhances the sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:313. [PMID: 36004459 PMCID: PMC9437972 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bloom syndrome protein (BLM) is known to maintain genomic integrity including DNA repair, recombination, replication and transcription. Its dysregulation affects the genomic instability of cells, which results in a high risk of developing various types of cancer and even Bloom syndrome. However, to date, to the best of our knowledge, no association has been made between human BLM and bladder cancer. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of BLM in human bladder cancer. The expression pattern of BLM in bladder cancer tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. The viability, proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of bladder cancer cell lines were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU and flow cytometry following transfection of BLM small interfering RNA. Finally, the effect of BLM on sensitivity of bladder cancer cell lines to cisplatin was investigated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot. It was demonstrated that the expression of BLM in human bladder cancer was increased compared with adjacent healthy bladder tissues. In addition, silencing of BLM inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells and it also enhanced the sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin. Together, the findings of the present study demonstrated that the regulation of BLM activity may have potential for use as a novel therapeutic target and a predictor for the prognosis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Feng
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosong Qian
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Dalin Feng
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
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Yin Z, Zhang J, Chen L, Guo Q, Yang B, Zhang W, Kang W. Anticancer Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Plumbagin: Review of Research Advances. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6940953. [PMID: 33344645 PMCID: PMC7725562 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6940953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plumbagin (PLB), a natural naphthoquinone constituent isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L., exhibited anticancer activity against a variety of cancer cell lines including breast cancer, hepatoma, leukemia, melanoma, prostate cancer, brain tumor, tongue squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, kidney adenocarcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, gastric cancer, lymphocyte carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and canine cancer. PLB played anticancer activity via many molecular mechanisms, such as targeting apoptosis, autophagy pathway, cell cycle arrest, antiangiogenesis pathway, anti-invasion, and antimetastasis pathway. Among these signaling pathways, the key regulatory genes regulated by PLB were NF-kβ, STAT3, and AKT. PLB also acted as a potent inducer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressor of cellular glutathione, and novel proteasome inhibitor, causing DNA double-strand break by oxidative DNA base damage. This review comprehensively summarizes the anticancer activity and mechanism of PLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yin
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Qingfeng Guo
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Baocheng Yang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Research, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
- National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Vaz Crippa G, Zanetti TA, Biazi BI, Baranoski A, Marques LA, Coatti GC, Lepri SR, Mantovani MS. Up and down-regulation of mRNA in the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Plumbagin in HepG2/C3A. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 75:103328. [PMID: 32000057 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies that evaluated the mechanisms of action of Plumbagin (PLB) and its toxicity may contribute to future therapeutic applications of this compound. We investigate biomarker important in the mechanisms of action correlate the expression of mRNA with the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of PLB on HepG2/C3A. In the analysis of cytotoxicity, PLB decreased cell viability and membrane integrity at concentrations ≥ 15μM. Xenobiotic-metabolizing system showed strong mRNA induction of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A4, suggesting extensive metabolization. PLB induced apoptosis and an increase in the mRNA expression of genes BBC3, CASP3, and CASP8. At a concentration of 15μM, there was a reduction in the expression of PARP1 mRNA and an increase in the expression of BECN1 mRNA, suggesting that PLB may also induce cell death by autophagy. PLB induced an arrest at the G2/M phase due to DNA damage, as observed in the comet assay. This damage is associated with the increased mRNA expression of genes p21, GADD45A, and H2AFX and with changes in the expression of proteins H2AX, p21, p53, Chk1, and Chk2. These results allow a better understanding of the cellular action of PLB and of its toxicity, thereby contributing to the development of PLB-based drugs, with markers of mRNA expression possibly playing a role as indicators for monitoring toxicity in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Vaz Crippa
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thalita Alves Zanetti
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bruna Isabela Biazi
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adrivânio Baranoski
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lilian Areal Marques
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Giuliana Castello Coatti
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo - USP, Rua do Matão - Travessa 13, n. 106, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Lepri
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Mantovani
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Chaves RP, Silva SRD, Nascimento Neto LG, Carneiro RF, Silva ALCD, Sampaio AH, Sousa BLD, Cabral MG, Videira PA, Teixeira EH, Nagano CS. Structural characterization of two isolectins from the marine red alga Solieria filiformis (Kützing) P.W. Gabrielson and their anticancer effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:1320-1329. [PMID: 28970169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As described in the literature, Solieria filiformis lectin (SfL) from the marine red alga S. filiformis was found to have antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we characterized two SfL variants, SfL-1 and SfL-2, with molecular mass of 27,552Da and 27,985Da, respectively. The primary structures of SfL-1 and SfL-2 consist of four tandem-repeat protein domains with 67 amino acids each. SfL-1 and -2 showed high similarity to OAAH-family lectins. 3D structure prediction revealed that SfL-1 and -2 are composed of two β-barrel-like domains formed by five antiparallel β-strands, which are connected by a short peptide linker. Furthermore, the mixture of isoforms (SfLs) showed anticancer effect against MCF-7 cells. Specifically, SfLs inhibited 50% of viability in MCF-7 cells after treatment at 125μg.mL-1, while the inhibition of Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDF) was 34% with the same treatment. Finally, 24h after treatment, 25% of MCF-7 cells were in early apoptosis and 35% in late apoptosis. Evaluation of pro- and anti-apoptotic gene expression of MCF-7 cells revealed that SfLs induced caspase-dependent apoptosis within 24h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Pinheiro Chaves
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Suzete Roberta da Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Nascimento Neto
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Laboratório Integrado de Biomoléculas - LIBS, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Monsenhor Furtado, s/n, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Romulo Farias Carneiro
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - André Luis Coelho da Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Molecular - LabBMol, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, bloco 907, 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Holanda Sampaio
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lopes de Sousa
- Faculdade de Filosofia Dom Aureliano Matos, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dom Aureliano Matos, 2060, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, 62930-000, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Alexandra Videira
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Edson Holanda Teixeira
- Laboratório Integrado de Biomoléculas - LIBS, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Monsenhor Furtado, s/n, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Celso Shiniti Nagano
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Marinha - BioMar-Lab, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici s/n, bloco 871, 60440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Yun KL, Wang ZY. Target/signalling pathways of natural plant-derived radioprotective agents from treatment to potential candidates: A reverse thought on anti-tumour drugs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:1122-1151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Liu Y, Cai Y, He C, Chen M, Li H. Anticancer Properties and Pharmaceutical Applications of Plumbagin: A Review. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:423-441. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that plumbagin, a bioactive naphthoquinone isolated from three major plant families viz. Plumbaginaceae, Ebenceae and Droseraceae, definitively exhibits anticancer potential in diverse cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Plumbagin shows antineoplastic effects via multi-channel molecular mechanisms, including the induction of apoptosis and autophagy, the disruption of the cell cycle, the inhibition of invasion and metastasis, and anti-angiogenesis. Plumbagin inhibits the growth of cancer cells mainly through the modulation of the signals of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, AMPK, Ras, and so on. The pharmaceutical applications of plumbagin combined with nanocarriers to achieve better therapeutic efficiency are discussed in this review Among them, liposomes, nanoparticles, microspheres, micelles, and nisosomes are used in cancer treatment. The anticancer study of plumbagin in vivo is also summarized in this review. On the whole, we aim to review the research progress of plumbagin both in pharmacological and pharmaceutical filed, which may provide some reference for further research of plumbagin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Yuee Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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