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Morsy HM, Ahmed OM, Zoheir KMA, Abdel-Moneim A. The anticarcinogenic effect of eugenol on lung cancer induced by diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminofluorene in Wistar rats: insight on the mechanisms of action. Apoptosis 2023:10.1007/s10495-023-01852-2. [PMID: 37179285 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01852-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the ameliorative effects of eugenol and to propose the possible mechanisms of action of eugenol in diethylnitrosamine (DENA)/acetylaminofluorene (AAF)-caused lung cancer in Wistar rats. To induce lung cancer, DENA at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight (b.wt) for 2 weeks were intraperitoneally injected once each week and AAF was administered orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt. four times each week for the next 3 weeks. DENA/AAF-administered rats were orally supplemented with eugenol at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt administered once a day until 17 weeks starting from the 1st week of DENA administration. Lung histological lesions, including sheets of tumor cells, micropapillary adenocarcinoma, and apoptotic cells, resulting from the DENA/AAF dosage, were ameliorated by eugenol treatment. However, a significant drop in the levels of LPO in the lungs and a remarkable rise in GSH content and GPx and SOD activities were observed in DENA/AAF-administered rats treated with eugenol compared with those in DENA/AAF-administered controls. Moreover, in DENA/AAF-administered rats, eugenol supplementation significantly reduced TNF-α and IL-1β levels and mRNA expression levels of NF-κB, NF-κB p65, and MCP-1 but significantly elevated the level of Nrf2. Furthermore, the DENA/AAF-administered rats treated with eugenol exhibited a significant downregulation of Bcl-2 expression levels in addition to a significant upregulation in P53 and Bax expression levels. Otherwise, the administration of DENA/AAF elevated the protein expression level of Ki-67, and this elevation was reversed by eugenol treatment. In conclusion, eugenol has effective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, proapoptotic, and antiproliferative properties against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer M Morsy
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Osama M Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Khairy M A Zoheir
- Cell Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Adel Abdel-Moneim
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Sengul E, Gelen V, Yildirim S, Cinar İ, Aksu EH. Effects of naringin on oxidative stress, inflammation, some reproductive parameters, and apoptosis in acrylamide-induced testis toxicity in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:798-808. [PMID: 36598108 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is used in many fields such as cosmetics, paper, and textile industries. It also occurs at very high temperatures in some foods. Gonadotoxic effects of ACR have been found in experimental animals. Many studies use flavonoids to prevent the reproductive side effects of ACR. Naringin (NA) is a flavonoid and it has been determined by studies that it has no toxic effect on tissues. In our study, we aimed to determine the protective effect of NA against the damage of ACR on testicular tissue and the reproductive system in rats. In our study, 50 Spraque Dawley male rats weighing 220-250 grams were used. Control: Only intragastric saline was administered for 10 days. ACR: Animals received ACR (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 10 days. NA50+ACR: Animals were given NA for 10 days and each NA was one hour after the administration of ACR. NA100+ACR: Animals received NA for 10 days and one hour after each NA was given ACR. NA100: Animals were given NA for 10 days. At the end of the applications, the rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation under anesthesia. Serum FSH, LH, and Dihydrotestosterone levels were compared between the groups. In addition, oxidative stress, inflammation, expression of some reproductive enzymes, and apoptosis markers were determined in testicular tissues. When these parameters were compared between groups, ACR induced testicular dysfunction and tissue damage in rats. We determined that only the NA application did not cause tissue damage. and the administration of NA along with ACR significantly reduced ACR-induced testis toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Sengul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Volkan Gelen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasfkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İrfan Cinar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Emrah Hicazi Aksu
- Department of Andrology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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A benzotriazole-coumarin derivative as a turn-on fluorescent probe for highly efficient and selective detection of homocysteine and its bioimaging application. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Cengiz M, Ayhanci A, Akkemik E, Şahin İK, Gür F, Bayrakdar A, Cengiz BP, Musmul A, Gür B. The role of Bax/Bcl-2 and Nrf2-Keap-1 signaling pathways in mediating the protective effect of boric acid on acrylamide-induced acute liver injury in rats. Life Sci 2022; 307:120864. [PMID: 35940215 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to investigate whether boric acid (BA) can protect rats from acrylamide (AA)-induced acute liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS AA was used to induce acute liver injury. Thirty rats were divided into five group including Group 1 (saline), Group 2 (AA), Group 3 (20 mg/kg BA), Group 4 (10 mg/kg BA+AA) and Group 5 (20 mg/kg BA+AA). Their blood and liver were harvested to be kept for analysis. Liver function enzyme activities were performed by spectrophotometric method. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde levels were determined by colorimetric method. The in-silico studies were performed using the "blind docking" method. RESULTS Administration AA to rats, biochemical parameters, liver histology, and expression levels of apoptotic markers were negatively affected. However, after the administration of BA, the altered biochemical parameters, liver histology, and expression levels of apoptotic markers were reversed. Moreover, the mechanisms of AA-induced deterioration in the levels of SOD, CAT, and Nrf2-Keap-1 and the mechanisms of the protective effect of BA against these deteriorations were explained by in silico studies. CONCLUSION Thus, the present study could explain the interactions between AA and thiol-containing amino acid residues of Keap-1, the effect of BA on these interactions, and the biochemical toxicity caused by the AA. In this sense, this work is the first of its kind in the literature. Based on the biochemical, histopathological, and in silico results, it can be suggested that BA has the potential to be used as a protective agent against AA-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Cengiz
- Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey.
| | - Adnan Ayhanci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Akkemik
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | | | - Fatma Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Vocational School of Health Services, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Alpaslan Bayrakdar
- Vocational School of Higher Education for Healthcare Services, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Betül Peker Cengiz
- Department of Pathology, Eskişehir Yunus Emre State Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Musmul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Bahri Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey.
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Varışlı B, Darendelioğlu E, Caglayan C, Kandemir FM, Ayna A, Genç A, Kandemir Ö. Hesperidin Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Cardiac Dysfunction in Sodium Fluoride-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:727-735. [PMID: 35606666 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Excessive fluoride intake has been reported to cause toxicities to brain, thyroid, kidney, liver and testis tissues. Hesperidin (HSP) is an antioxidant that possesses anti-allergenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Presently, the studies focusing on the toxic effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) on heart tissue at biochemical and molecular level are limited. This study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative effects of HSP on toxicity of NaF on the heart of rats in vivo by observing the alterations in oxidative injury markers (MDA, SOD, CAT, GPX and GSH), pro-inflammatory markers (NF-κB, IL-1β, TNF-α), expressions of apoptotic genes (caspase-3, -6, -9, Bax, Bcl-2, p53, cytochrome c), levels of autophagic markers (Beclin 1, LC3A, LC3B), expression levels of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and cardiac markers. HSP treatment attenuated the NaF-induced heart tissue injury by increasing activities of SOD, CAT and GPx and levels of GSH, and suppressing lipid peroxidation. In addition, HSP reversed the changes in expression of apoptotic (caspase-3, -6, -9, Bax, Bcl-2, p53, cytochrome c), levels of autophagic and inflammatory parameters (Beclin 1, LC3A, LC3B, NF-κB, IL-1β, TNF-α), in the NaF-induced cardiotoxicity. HSP also modulated the gene expression levels of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and levels of cardiac markers (LDH, CK-MB). Overall, these findings reveal that HSP treatment can be used for the treatment of NaF-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behçet Varışlı
- Vocational School of Health Sevices, Final International University, Kazafani, Cyprus
| | - Ekrem Darendelioğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Caglayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, 12000, Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Adnan Ayna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Aydın Genç
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, 12000, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Özge Kandemir
- Technical Sciences Vocatinal School, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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6
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Hermansyah D, Zulhendri F, Perera CO, Firsty NN, Chandrasekaran K, Abdulah R, Herman H, Lesmana R. The Potential Use of Propolis as an Adjunctive Therapy in Breast Cancers. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221096868. [PMID: 35593403 PMCID: PMC9127854 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221096868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous beehive product that has a wide range of biological activities, namely antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Propolis is collected by the bees from plant resin and exudates to protect hives and maintain hive homeostasis. The aim of the present systematic scoping review is to explore the potential and suitability of propolis as an adjunctive treatment in breast cancers, based on the latest available experimental evidence (2012-2021). After applying the exclusion criteria, a total of 83 research publications were identified and retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed. Several relevant key themes identified from the included studies were cytotoxicity, synergistic/combination treatment, improvement in bioavailability, human clinical trials, and others. A majority of the studies identified were still in the in vitro and in vivo stages. Nonetheless, we managed to identify 4 human clinical trials that demonstrated the successful use of propolis in alleviating side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy while increasing the quality of life of breast cancer patients, with minimal adverse effects. In conclusion, propolis, as an adjunctive treatment, may have therapeutic benefits in alleviating symptoms related to breast cancers. However, further clinical trials, preferably with higher number of participants/subjects/patients, are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felix Zulhendri
- Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Kebun Efi, Kabanjahe, Indonesia
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Lipovka Y, Alday E, Hernandez J, Velazquez C. Molecular Mechanisms of Biologically Active Compounds from Propolis in Breast Cancer: State of the Art and Future Directions. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2003380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Lipovka
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Efrain Alday
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Javier Hernandez
- Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Carlos Velazquez
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
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8
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Caglayan C, Kandemir FM, Darendelioğlu E, Küçükler S, Ayna A. Hesperidin protects liver and kidney against sodium fluoride-induced toxicity through anti-apoptotic and anti-autophagic mechanisms. Life Sci 2021; 281:119730. [PMID: 34147482 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM High dose of fluoride intake is associated with toxic effects on liver and kidney tissues. One approach to tackle these toxicities is using natural antioxidants as supplements. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of hesperidin (HSP) against sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in wistar albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, the rats were randomly allocated into five groups of seven male rats each group: control, NaF (600 ppm), HSP-200, NaF + HSP-100 and NaF + HSP 200. KEY FINDINGS Hepatic and renal injuries induced by NaF were confirmed by the alteration in kidney function parameters in the serum (urea and creatinine), levels of liver enzymes (ALT, ALP and AST), activities of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPx) and levels of inflammatory markers (NF-κB, IL-1β and TNF-α). NaF also inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, increased levels of autophagic markers (Beclin-1, LC3A and LC3B) and expression levels of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome c, p53 and procaspase-3) in the liver and kidney tissues. Administration of HSP concurrently with NaF significantly ameliorated the deviation in the above-studied parameters. SIGNIFICANCE The results of the current study revealed that HSP could be used as a beneficial adjuvant that confers protection against NaF-induced liver and kidney damage through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-autophagic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuneyt Caglayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Darendelioğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, 12000-Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adnan Ayna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Literature, 12000-Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
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Moretti R, Giuffré M, Caruso P, Gazzin S, Tiribelli C. Homocysteine in Neurology: A Possible Contributing Factor to Small Vessel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042051. [PMID: 33669577 PMCID: PMC7922986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid generated during methionine metabolism, accumulation of which may be caused by genetic defects or the deficit of vitamin B12 and folate. A serum level greater than 15 micro-mols/L is defined as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). Hcy has many roles, the most important being the active participation in the transmethylation reactions, fundamental for the brain. Many studies focused on the role of homocysteine accumulation in vascular or degenerative neurological diseases, but the results are still undefined. More is known in cardiovascular disease. HHcy is a determinant for the development and progression of inflammation, atherosclerotic plaque formation, endothelium, arteriolar damage, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and altered-oxidative stress response. Conversely, few studies focused on the relationship between HHcy and small vessel disease (SVD), despite the evidence that mice with HHcy showed a significant end-feet disruption of astrocytes with a diffuse SVD. A severe reduction of vascular aquaporin-4-water channels, lower levels of high-functioning potassium channels, and higher metalloproteinases are also observed. HHcy modulates the N-homocysteinylation process, promoting a pro-coagulative state and damage of the cellular protein integrity. This altered process could be directly involved in the altered endothelium activation, typical of SVD and protein quality, inhibiting the ubiquitin-proteasome system control. HHcy also promotes a constant enhancement of microglia activation, inducing the sustained pro-inflammatory status observed in SVD. This review article addresses the possible role of HHcy in small-vessel disease and understands its pathogenic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Moretti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mauro Giuffré
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Paola Caruso
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Italian Liver Foundation, AREA SCIENCE PARK, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Italian Liver Foundation, AREA SCIENCE PARK, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (C.T.)
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Quercetin, chrysin, caffeic acid and ferulic acid ameliorate cyclophosphamide-induced toxicities in SH-SY5Y cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8535-8543. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Kucukler S, Caglayan C, Darendelioğlu E, Kandemir FM. Morin attenuates acrylamide-induced testicular toxicity in rats by regulating the NF-κB, Bax/Bcl-2 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Life Sci 2020; 261:118301. [PMID: 32827546 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Acrylamide (AC) is a carcinogenic substance which is formed during the heating of starchy foods at high temperatures and constitutes an important risk for human health. Therefore, reducing the detrimental effects of AC has become an important research topic. This study was performed to evaluate the protective effect of morin against the testicular toxicity induced by AC in male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Testicular damage was evaluated after the rats were treated orally with AC (38.27 mg/kg body weight) alone or with morin (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) for 10 consecutive days. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that treatment with morin could significantly decrease MDA level and considerably increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx) and GSH level in the testicular tissue of the AC-treated rats. Morin supplementation also suppressed the activation of inflammatory, apoptotic and autophagic pathways by increasing Bcl-2 and decreasing p38α MAPK, TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, cytochrome c, Bax, caspase-3, LC3A, LC3B and beclin-1 protein levels. Morin also alleviated the side effects caused by AC by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, our results have shown the possible protective mechanism of morin, a potential therapeutic agent for AC-induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Kucukler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Caglayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Ekrem Darendelioğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
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12
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Özbolat SN, Ayna A. Chrysin Suppresses HT-29 Cell Death Induced by Diclofenac through Apoptosis and Oxidative Damage. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1419-1428. [PMID: 32757685 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1801775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diclofenac (Dic) was shown to increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels thereby resulting oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death in colon cancer. The antioxidants can prevent and repair oxidative damage caused by ROS. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of chrysin (Chr) on Dic-induced toxicity in HT-29 and molecular mechanisms underlying its effect. METHODS Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assays were carried out by WST-1 and LDH leakage assay, apoptotic index was calculated by TUNEL Assay, antioxidant parameters were studied by measurement of ROS, LPO and TAS levels and catalase activity, expression of caspase-3 protein levels were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, mRNA levels of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes were studied by qRT-PCR. RESULTS The cellular processes of Dic-triggered cell death was associated with increase in ROS, malondialdehyde levels and lactate dehydrogenase release, decrease in total antioxidant and catalase activity while pretreatment with Chr reversed these effects. The expression level of p53, cas-3, cas-8, Bax and cytochrome c increased in Dic-exposed group while they were reduced by Chr. CONCLUSION The use of antioxidant nutritional supplements, and in particular of Chr, may reduce the efficacy of Dic in inducing apoptosis of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Nur Özbolat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Adnan Ayna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
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13
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Melatonin and vitamin E alleviate homocysteine-induced oxidative injury and apoptosis in endothelial cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5285-5293. [PMID: 32592115 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05607-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A relationship exists between hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiovascular diseases, although the underlying mechanisms are still incompletely defined. One possibility involves a homocysteine (Hcy)-induced increased oxidative stress. Melatonin (Mel) and vitamin E (vitE) are important anti-oxidants. The main purpose of this study was (1) to compare the effect of treatments with Mel, vitE or both, on Hcy-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and (2) to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Cell proliferation assay was carried out by Water Soluble Tetrazolium-1 (WST-1) assay kit. Apoptotic index was calculated by TUNEL Assay. Anti-oxidant parameters were studied by measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels. mRNA and protein expression levels of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes and proteins were studied by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting experiments respectively. The results showed that treatments with Mel, vitE or Mel + vitE suppressed Hcy-induced cell death, with a higher efficiency for the Mel and Mel + vitE treatments. Our results suggests that the mechanisms by which these anti-oxidants protected endothelial cells include the decrease in ROS and LPO levels, an increase in cell migration, the downregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins Cas 3, Cas 9, Cyt C and Bax and the upregulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl 2. Collectively, these results revealed the protective role of vitE and Mel against Hcy-induced cell apoptosis, which may add insight into therapeutic approaches to Hcy-induced damages.
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Chemopreventive Effects of Propolis in the MNU-Induced Rat Mammary Tumor Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4014838. [PMID: 32184916 PMCID: PMC7063188 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4014838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Currently, one of the central problems in cancer management is the relapse of disease following conventional treatments, yet few therapeutic agents targeting resistance and tolerance exist. Propolis is known as a healing agent since ancient times. Therefore, over time, its curative properties have kept the interest of scientists, thus leading permanently to investigations of its other possible undiscovered effects. In this context, current experiments were performed to establish the chemopreventive potential of propolis extract (PE) (1.05 mg/kg BW/day) in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea- (MNU-) induced rat mammary tumors. MNU-inoculated/PE-treated rats had tumors of different physical attributes compared with control rats MNU-inoculated. The number of developed tumors (mean 49% versus 100%), incidence (mean 49% versus 100%), multiplicity (1.8 versus 3.7 (p < 0.001)), tumor volume (mean 10 cm3 versus 16 cm3 (p < 0.001)), and weight of the tumor mass (mean 7.42 g versus 9.00 g (p < 0.05)) were noted. The numbers of grade I tumors recorded for MNU-inoculated rats were 24 (Group 1) and 7 (Group 2) for MNU-induced/PE-treated rats. In the serum of rats MNU-inoculated/PE-treated were found higher levels of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) than in MNU-induced. Taken together, these data indicate that propolis could be a chemopreventive agent against MNU-induced mammary carcinogenesis.
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El‐Guendouz S, Lyoussi B, Miguel MG. Insight on Propolis from Mediterranean Countries: Chemical Composition, Biological Activities and Application Fields. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900094. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina El‐Guendouz
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology-Environmental HealthFaculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazUniversity Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah Fez, BP 1796 Atlas 30000 Morocco
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFaculty of Science and TechnologyMeditBioUniversity of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, MeditBio Faro 8005-139 Portugal
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology-Environmental HealthFaculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazUniversity Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah Fez, BP 1796 Atlas 30000 Morocco
| | - Maria G. Miguel
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFaculty of Science and TechnologyMeditBioUniversity of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, MeditBio Faro 8005-139 Portugal
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Effects of a Propolis Extract on the Viability of and Levels of Cytoskeletal and Regulatory Proteins in Rat Brain Astrocytes: an In Vitro Study. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-017-9680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Bonamigo T, Campos JF, Alfredo TM, Balestieri JBP, Cardoso CAL, Paredes-Gamero EJ, de Picoli Souza K, dos Santos EL. Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, and Toxic Activities of Propolis from Two Native Bees in Brazil: Scaptotrigona depilis and Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1038153. [PMID: 28377794 PMCID: PMC5362732 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1038153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a natural mixture of compounds produced by various bee species, including stingless bees. This compound has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antitumor activities. The present study aimed to determine the chemical constituents as well as the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and toxic activities of ethanol extracts of propolis obtained from the stingless bees Scaptotrigona depilis and Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides, which are found in Brazil. Phytosterols, terpenes, phenolic compounds, and tocopherol were identified in the ethanol extracts of propolis (EEPs) in different concentrations. The compounds stigmasterol, taraxasterol, vanilic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin were found only in EEP-M. The EEPs were able to scavenge the free radicals 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and protected human erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation, with the latter effect being demonstrated by their antihemolytic activity and inhibition of malondialdehyde formation. The EEPs showed cytotoxic activity against erythroleukemic cells and necrosis was the main mechanism of death observed. In addition, the concentrations at which the EEPs were cytotoxic were not toxic against Caenorhabditis elegans. In this context, it is concluded that EEP-S and EEP-M show antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and are promising bioactive mixtures for the control of diseases associated with oxidative stress and tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaliny Bonamigo
- School of Environmental and Biological Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Ferreira Campos
- School of Environmental and Biological Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Tamaeh Monteiro Alfredo
- School of Environmental and Biological Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edgar Julian Paredes-Gamero
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Center of Biochemistry Investigation, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- School of Environmental and Biological Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Edson Lucas dos Santos
- School of Environmental and Biological Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
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Brown propolis attenuates cerebral ischemia-induced oxidative damage via affecting antioxidant enzyme system in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 85:503-510. [PMID: 27889229 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in ischemic brain injury. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are the enzymes underlying the endogenous antioxidant mechanisms affected by stroke and are considered as oxidative stress biomarkers. Brown propolis (BP) is a bioactive natural product with a set of biological activities that in turn may differ depending on the area from which the substance is originated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of water-extracted brown propolis (WEBPs), from two regions of Iran, against cerebral ischemia-induced oxidative injury in a mouse model of stroke. Experimentally, the chemical characterization and total polyphenol content were determined using GC/MS and Folin-Ciocalteu assay respectively. Seventy-two adult male mice were randomly divided into the surgical sham group, control group (treated with vehicle), and four groups of WEBPs-treated animals. The WEBPs were administered at the doses of 100 and 200mg/kg IP, during four different time points. Oxidative stress biomarkers (SOD and GPx activity, SOD/GPx ratio), lipid peroxidation (LPO) index (malondialdehyde content) and infarct volume were measured 48h post stroke. Behavioral tests were evaluated 24 and 48h after stroke. WEBPs treatment resulted in significant restoration of antioxidant enzymes activity and a subsequent decrease in LPO as well as the infarct volume compared to the control group. Sensory-motor impairment and neurological deficits were improved significantly as well. These results indicate that Iranian BP confers neuroprotection on the stroke-induced neuronal damage via an antioxidant mechanism which seems to be mediated by the endogenous antioxidant system.
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