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Gujarathi PP, Korat RH, Gujarathi PS. Preclinical techniques for drug discovery in psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112378. [PMID: 38852518 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, papulosquamous, noncontagious disease characterized by scaly, demarcated erythematous plaque, affecting skin, nails, and scalp. The IL-23/Th17 axis is the main operator in the development of psoriasis. Psoriasis is affecting worldwide, and new treatment options are urgently needed. Various local and systemic treatments are available for psoriasis but they only provide symptomatic relief because of numerous unknown mechanisms. Clinical trials demand overwhelming resources; therefore, drug development predominantly depends on the in-vivo, in-vitro, and ex-vivo techniques. Immediate attention is required to develop experimental techniques that completely imitate human psoriasis to assist drug development. This review portrays the various in-vivo, in-vitro, and ex-vivo techniques used in psoriasis research. It describes these techniques' characteristics, pathological presentations, and mechanisms. The experimental techniques of psoriasis provide significant information on disease progression mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets. However, until now, it has been challenging to invent a timely, affordable model that precisely imitates a human disease. Only the xenotransplantation model is reckoned as the closer, that mimics the complete genetic, and immunopathogenic event. Imiquimod-induced psoriasis and HaCat cell lines are popular among researchers because of their convenience, ease of use, and cost-effectiveness. There need to further improve the experimental techniques to best serve the disease imitation and meet the research goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjal P Gujarathi
- Department of Pharmacology, Vidhyadeep Institute of Pharmacy, Vidhyadeep University, Anita, Surat, Gujarat, India; Bhagwan Mahavir Centre for Advance Research, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Pharmacy, Bhagwan Mahavir University, Vesu, Surat, Gujarat, India.
| | - Rashmi H Korat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Pharmacy, Bhagwan Mahavir Univeristy, Vesu, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Piyush S Gujarathi
- Department of Community Medicine, Vidhyadeep Homeopathic Medical College and Research Centre, Vidhyadeep University, Anita, Surat, Gujarat, India
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Bora NS, Mazumder B, Mandal S, Bhutia YD, Das S, Karmakar S, Chattopadhyay P, Dwivedi SK. Protective effect of a topical sunscreen formulation fortified with melatonin against UV-induced photodermatitis: an immunomodulatory effect via NF-κB suppression. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 41:130-139. [PMID: 30741582 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2019.1566358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Melatonin and pumpkin seed oil, along with US FDA approved UV filters were incorporated into a formulation for enhancement of UV protection by exerting an antioxidant effect. The objective of this study was to assess the protective effect of this formulation against ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced photo dermatitis in rats, which is an established model to study the aetiopathogenic mechanisms in psoriasis vulgaris, as the former exhibits the same features to those of clinical psoriasis vulgaris in humans. Materials and methods: The animals were segregated into five groups (6/group) and all received their respective formulations dermally prior to chronic UV irradiation for 28 days. The test, placebo, and standard groups; received the test, placebo, and standard formulations respectively; whereas the positive control group received only UV radiation. A normal control group was also maintained. Disease and treatment status were analyzed using various techniques by euthanizing the rats after 28 days. Results: The test formulation was able to ameliorate the UV-induced increase in skin fold, epidermal thickness, and skin edema; inhibit the reduction of hydroxyproline content and incidence of LPO within the skin tissues of exposed animals. The formulation was also able to inhibit the release of proinflammatory cytokines; IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α; and upregulation of NF-κB and COX-2 genes caused by chronic UV exposure. Conclusion: It can be stated that melatonin included in the newly formulated sunscreen was able to inhibit the induction of photodermatitis via immunoregulation of inflammatory cytokines along with NF-κB and COX-2 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilutpal Sharma Bora
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology , Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , India.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , India
| | - Bhaskar Mazumder
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , India
| | - Santa Mandal
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology , Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , India.,c School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , IFTM University , Moradabad , India
| | - Yangchen D Bhutia
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology , Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , India
| | - Sanghita Das
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology , Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , India
| | - Sanjeev Karmakar
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology , Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , India
| | | | - Sanjai K Dwivedi
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology , Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , India
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Ahn JM, Lee JS, Um SG, Rho BS, Lee KB, Park SG, Kim HJ, Lee Y, Chi YM, Yoon YE, Jo SH, Kim ME, Pi KB. Mussel adhesive Protein-conjugated Vitronectin (fp-151-VT) Induces Anti-inflammatory Activity on LPS-stimulated Macrophages and UVB-irradiated Keratinocytes. Immunol Invest 2018; 48:242-254. [PMID: 30188221 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1506476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin inflammation and dermal injuries are a major clinical problem because current therapies are limited to treating established scars, and there is a poor understanding of healing mechanisms. Mussel adhesive proteins (MAPs) have great potential in many tissue engineering and biomedical applications. It has been successfully demonstrated that the redesigned hybrid type MAP (fp-151) can be utilized as a promising adhesive biomaterial. The aim of this study was to develop a novel recombinant protein using fp-151 and vitronectin (VT) and to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects of this recombinant protein on macrophages and keratinocytes. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to stimulate macrophages and UVB was used to stimulate keratinocytes. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were analyzed by Western Blot. Inflammatory cytokines and NO and ROS production were analyzed. RESULT In macrophages stimulated by LPS, expression of the inflammatory factors iNOS, COX-2, and NO production increased, while the r-fp-151-VT-treated groups had suppressed expression of iNOS, COX-2, and NO production in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, keratinocytes stimulated by UVB and treated with r-fp-151-VT had reduced expression of iNOS and COX-2. Interestingly, in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes, inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, were significantly reduced by r-fp-151-VT treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of r-fp-151-VT was more effective in keratinocytes, suggesting that it can be used as a therapeutic agent to treat skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Mo Ahn
- a Biotechnology & Business Center , Incheon Business Information Technopark , Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sik Lee
- b Department of Life Science, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences , Chosun University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Gee Um
- a Biotechnology & Business Center , Incheon Business Information Technopark , Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Seop Rho
- a Biotechnology & Business Center , Incheon Business Information Technopark , Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Beom Lee
- a Biotechnology & Business Center , Incheon Business Information Technopark , Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Park
- c R&D center , Advanced BioTech Co., Ltd , Incheon , Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Kim
- a Biotechnology & Business Center , Incheon Business Information Technopark , Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjin Lee
- d College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Korea University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Chi
- d College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Korea University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Eun Yoon
- e R&D center , Cosmocos Corporation , Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hyo Jo
- b Department of Life Science, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences , Chosun University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Eun Kim
- b Department of Life Science, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences , Chosun University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Bae Pi
- a Biotechnology & Business Center , Incheon Business Information Technopark , Incheon , Republic of Korea
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Comparisons of the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution profiles of withanolide B after intragastric administration of the effective part of Datura metel L. in normal and psoriasis guinea pigs. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1083:284-288. [PMID: 29574380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple, highly sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography- electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) method has been developed to quantify of withanolide B and obakunone (IS) in guinea pig plasma and tissues, and to compare the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of withanolide B in normal and psoriasis guinea pigs. After mixing with IS, plasma and tissues were pretreated by protein precipitation with methanol. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column using aqueous (0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) solutions at 0.4 mL/min as the mobile phase. The gradient program was selected (0-4.0 min, 2-98% B; 4.0-4.5 min, 98-2% B; and 4.5-5 min, 2% B). Detection was performed on a 4000 QTRAP UPLC-ESI-MS/MS system from AB Sciex in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Withanolide B and obakunone (IS) were monitored under positive ionization conditions. The optimized mass transition ion-pairs (m/z) for quantitation were 455.1/109.4 for withanolide B and 455.1/161.1 for obakunone.
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