1
|
Sun Y, Liang W, Zeng Y, Luo S, Huang C, Liu Y. The role of serum lipids and
BMI
in
China
patients with primary pterygium. PRECISION MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/prm2.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐ying Sun
- Cancer Prevention Center Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Wei‐peng Liang
- Cancer Prevention Center Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Ya‐ting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Department of Endoscopy Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Shu‐ai Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Department of Endoscopy Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Chun‐yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Department of Endoscopy Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐ying Liu
- Cancer Prevention Center Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zang S, Chen Y, Guo H, Zhang M, Zhang G, Zhang L, Zhang L, Liu Q, Zeng J, Lo CH, Cui Y, Meng Q. High HDL-C and high LDL-C are risk factors of pterygium in a population-based cross-sectional study in Southern China: the Dongguan Eye Study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058649. [PMID: 36691254 PMCID: PMC9171277 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship between serum lipids and pterygium in a large-scale rural population aged 40 years or older from Southern China. STUDY DESIGN The Dongguan Eye Study was a cross-sectional population-based study from September 2011 to February 2012. SETTING The area was set in the rural area of Dongguan, Southern China. PARTICIPANTS Adult rural population aged 40 or older. METHODS Participants underwent physical, haematological and ophthalmic examinations. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The frequency and risk factors of pterygium. RESULTS A total of 11 357 participants were eligible for inclusion and 8952 (78.8%) participants were enrolled for the systemic and ophthalmic examinations. The prevalence of pterygium was 17.3% after adjusting the sex and age distribution, 22.0% in participants with hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol ≥6.22 mmol/L (240 mg/dL)) and 21.8% in those with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥4.14 mmol/L (160 mg/dL), respectively. After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, higher level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.41) and LDL-C (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.20) were positively associated with the risk of pterygium. The ORs for HDL-C or LDL-C with pterygium were significantly greater in participants aged 40-49 years than those aged 50 years or above (P for interaction <0.001). Furthermore, increased HDL-C showed greater association with pterygium in normal body mass index (BMI) group compared with overweight group (P for interaction=0.002). CONCLUSION Increased HDL-C and LDL-C are risk factors of pterygium, especially in people <50 years or those with normal BMI level. Strict control of HDL-C and LDL-C may be a new prevention method in reducing the risk of pterygium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Zang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanlei Chen
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haike Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Peace Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanrong Zhang
- Statistics Section, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hengli Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Han Lo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ying Cui
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianli Meng
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mastronikolis S, Adamopoulou M, Tsiambas E, Makri OΕ, Pagkalou M, Thomopoulou VK, Georgakopoulos CD. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor expression patterns in non- Human Papillomavirus - related pterygia: an experimental study on cell spot arrays digital analysis. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:1003-1008. [PMID: 35322737 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2058018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of angiogenic factors -such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - in development and progression of pterygia lesions remains under investigation. In the current study, we analyzed VEGF protein expression in a series of pterygia and normal conjunctiva epithelia. METHODS Using a liquid based cytology assay, thirty (n = 30) cell specimens were obtained by applying a smooth scraping on conjunctiva epithelia and fixed accordingly. None of them had a history of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Similarly, the same process was applied also in normal conjunctiva epithelia (n = 10; control group). We constructed five (n = 5) slides each containing eight (n = 8) cell spots. An immunocytochemistry (ICC) assay was implemented. Digital image analysis was also performed for evaluating objectively the corresponding immunostaining intensity levels. RESULTS All the examined pterygia cell samples over expressed the marker. High staining intensity levels were detected in 15/30 (50%), whereas the rest 15/30 (50%) demonstrated moderate expression. Overall VEGF expression was statistically significantly higher in pterygia compared to normal conjunctiva epithelia (p=.0001). Concerning the other parameters, VEGF protein expression did not associate with the gender of the patients (p = 0.518), the presence of recurrent lesion (p = 0.311), the anatomical location (p = 0.191) or with their morphology (p = 0.316). Interestingly, the recurrent lesions demonstrated the highest levels of VEGF expression. CONCLUSIONS VEGF over expression is a frequent event in pterygia playing a potentially central molecular role in the progression of the lesion. Cell spot array analysis -based on liquid cytology- seems to be an innovative, easy to use technique for analyzing a broad variety of molecules in multiple specimens on the same slide by applying different ICC assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Adamopoulou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Olga Ε Makri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, University of Patras, Rion - Achaia, Greece
| | - Marina Pagkalou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes - Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yao B, Wang F, Zhao X, Wang B, Yue X, Ding Y, Liu G. Effect of a Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (0.1% Pranoprofen) on VEGF and COX-2 Expression in Primary Pterygium. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:709251. [PMID: 34305615 PMCID: PMC8298757 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.709251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (0.1% pranoprofen) on the expression of VEGF and Cox-2 in primary pterygium. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized study. Between January 2019 and April 2020, 120 patients diagnosed with primary pterygium were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups before operation: 1) 40 patients in group 1 received topical pranoprofen 0.1% four times daily for 4 weeks, 2) 40 patients in group 2 received topical fluorometholone 0.1% four times daily for 4 weeks, and 3) patients in group 3 did not receive treatment. For each group, the age, sex, eye type, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), duration of onset, combined systemic diseases, and the results regarding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclo-oxygen-ase-2 (COX-2) in postoperative pterygial tissues were evaluated in detail. Results: There were no significant differences regarding age, sex, eye type, combined systemic diseases, duration of onset, IOP, and BCVA within the three groups (p > 0.05). The reduction of VEGF and CoX-2 expression of pterygial vascular endothelial cells in group 1 were statistically significant compared to group 2 and group 3 (p < 0.05). There were significant correlations between COX-2 and VEGF expression of pterygial tissues within the three groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present findings suggested that the topical pranoprofen 0.1% could reduce the expression of VEGF and COX-2 in primary pterygium. We confirmed that treatment with pranoprofen offers advantages in early intervention and has therapeutic potential in reducing the postoperative recurrence of primary pterygium patients. Clinical Trial registration: The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. (http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, Registration Number: ChiCTR2100047726).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bangtao Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Lishui Branch of Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaogui Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Lishui Branch of Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Lishui Branch of Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Yue
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Lishui Branch of Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhua Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Lishui Branch of Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang YC, Zhao FK, Liu Q, Yu ZY, Wang J, Zhang JS. Bibliometric analysis and mapping knowledge domain of pterygium: 2000-2019. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:903-914. [PMID: 34150547 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.06.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To track the knowledge structure, topics in focus, and trends in emerging research in pterygium in the past 20y. METHODS Base on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), studies related to pterygium in the past 20y from 2000-2019 have been included. With the help of VOSviewer software, a knowledge map was constructed and the distribution of countries, institutions, journals, and authors in the field of pterygium noted. Meanwhile, using co-citation analysis of references and co-occurrence analysis of keywords, we identified basis and hotspots, thereby obtaining an overview of this field. RESULTS The search retrieved 1516 publications from WoSCC on pterygium published between 2000 and 2019. In the past two decades, the annual number of publications is on the rise and fluctuated a little. Most productive institutions are from Singapore but the most prolific and active country is the United States. Journal Cornea published the most articles and Coroneo MT contributed the most publications on pterygium. From co-occurrence analysis, the keywords formed 3 clusters: 1) surgical therapeutic techniques and adjuvant of pterygium, 2) occurrence process and pathogenesis of pterygium, and 3) epidemiology, and etiology of pterygium formation. These three clusters were consistent with the clustering in co-citation analysis, in which Cluster 1 contained the most references (74 publications, 47.74%), Cluster 2 contained 53 publications, accounting for 34.19%, and Cluster 3 focused on epidemiology with 18.06% of total 155 co-citation publications. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the research of pterygium is gradually attracting the attention of scholars and researchers. The interaction between authors, institutions, and countries is lack of. Even though, the research hotspot, distribution, and research status in pterygium in this study could provide valuable information for scholars and researchers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Lens in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fang-Kun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Lens in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Lens in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zi-Yan Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Lens in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Cataract Centre, Shenyang Aier Excellent Eye Hospital, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China.,Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jin-Song Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Lens in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China.,Cataract Centre, Shenyang Aier Excellent Eye Hospital, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China.,Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gao Y, Luo X, Zhang J. Activation of LncRNA FOXD2-AS1 by H3K27 acetylation regulates VEGF-A expression by sponging miR-205-5p in recurrent pterygium. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14139-14151. [PMID: 33098266 PMCID: PMC7754060 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA FOXD2‐AS1 is abnormally expressed in many diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms whereby FOXD2‐AS1 is involved in recurrent pterygium remain unknown. Here, qRT‐PCR was performed to quantify FOXD2‐AS1 expression, while CCK‐8, flow cytometer and neoplasm xenograft assays were used to investigate its function. Dual‐luciferase reporter, RIP and RNA pull‐down assays were conducted to address the relationship between FOXD2‐AS1, miR‐205‐5p and VEGF‐A, while ChIP assays were used to detect H3K27 acetylation at the FOXD2‐AS1 promoter. FOXD2‐AS1 expression was up‐regulated in recurrent pterygium tissues. Moreover, a high FOXD2‐AS1 expression was associated with advanced stages, increased microvessel density and shorter recurrent‐free survival. In addition, ROC analysis showed that FOXD2‐AS1 is a valid predictor of recurrent pterygium. Furthermore, we show that FOXD2‐AS1 induced proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in a cell line derived from recurrent pterygia (HPF‐R) at least partially through the regulation of the miR‐205‐VEGF pathway. In addition, the up‐regulation of FOXD2‐AS1 was attributed to the H3K27 acetylation at the promoter region. In conclusion, FOXD2‐AS1 is activated via its H3K27 acetylation and regulates VEGF‐A expression by sponging miR‐205‐5p in recurrent pterygium. Our results may provide a basis for the development of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for recurrent pterygium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He S, Huang Y, Dong S, Qiao C, Yang G, Zhang S, Wang C, Xu Y, Zheng F, Yan M. MiR-199a-3p/5p participated in TGF-β and EGF induced EMT by targeting DUSP5/MAP3K11 in pterygium. J Transl Med 2020; 18:332. [PMID: 32867783 PMCID: PMC7461358 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02499-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, it has been reported that miRNA is involved in pterygium, however the exact underlying mechanism in pterygium is unrevealed and require further investigation. Methods The differential expression of miRNA in pterygium was profiled using microarray and validated with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCEs) were cultured and treated with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transfected with miR-199a-3p/5p mimic and inhibitor. Markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCEs were detected using western blot and immunohistochemistry. Cell migration ability was determined using wound healing and transwell assay, while apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. The target genes of miR-199a were confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results TGF-β and EGF could induced EMT in HCEs and increase miR-199a-3p/5p but suppress target genes, DUSP5 and MAP3K11. With the occurrence of EMT, cell migration ability was enhanced, and apoptosis was impeded. Promoting miR-199a-3p/5p expression could induce EMT in HCEs without TGF-β and EGF, while suppressing miR-199a-3p/5p could inhibit EMT in TGF-β and EGF induced HCEs. In a word, TGF-β and EGF induced EMT could be regulated with miR-199a-3p/5p-DUSP5/MAP3K11 axes. The validated results in tissues showed that, compared with control conjunctival tissues, miR-199a-3p/5p were more overexpressed in pterygium, while DUSP5/MAP3K11 were lower expressed. In addition, bioinformatics analysis indicated the miR-199a-3p/5p-DUSP5/MAP3K11 was belong to MAPK signalling pathway. Conclusions TGF-β and EGF induce EMT of HCEs through miR-199a-3p/5p-DUSP5/MAP3K11 axes, which explains the pathogenesis of EMT in pterygium and may provide new targets for pterygium prevention and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siying He
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Rd 169#, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yifang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shiqi Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Qiao
- Department of Corneal, Hankou Aier Eye Hospital, Wuhan, 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Guohua Yang
- Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medicine Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Rd 169#, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Rd 169#, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Rd 169#, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu M, Wang S, Wang Y, Zhang F, Shao T. Targeted delivery of mitomycin C-loaded and LDL-conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for inhibiting the proliferation of pterygium subconjunctival fibroblasts. Exp Eye Res 2020; 197:108124. [PMID: 32598971 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pterygium is a degenerative disease that characterized by excessive fibrovascular proliferation. To reduce the recurrence rate, surgery is the main strategy, in combination with adjacent procedures or adjunctive therapy. One of the most common adjunctive agents, mitomycin C (MMC), is known as an alkylating agent that inhibits fibroblast proliferation but is limitedly applied in pterygium due to various complications. A previous study demonstrated that activated pterygium subconjunctival fibroblasts overexpressed low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. In this study, we designed and synthesized MMC-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles conjugated with LDL (MMC@MSNs-LDL) to deliver MMC into activated pterygium fibroblasts in a targeted manner. The MMC loading efficiency was approximately 6%. The cell viability test (CCK-8 assay) revealed no cytotoxicity for the empty carrier MSNs at a concentration of ≤1 mg/ml after administration for 48 h in subconjunctival fibroblasts. Primary pterygium and normal human subconjunctival fibroblasts with or without stimulation by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were treated as follows: 1) 10 μg/ml MMC@MSNs-LDL for 24 h (MMC concentration: 0.6 μg/ml); 2) 0.2 mg/ml MMC for 5 min then cultured for 24 h after MMC removal; and 3) normal culture without any drug treatment. At 24 h, the anti-proliferative effect of MMC@MSNs-LDL in activated pterygium fibroblasts was similar to that of MMC (cell viability: 46.2 ± 5.5% vs 40.5 ± 1.1%, respectively, P = 0.349). Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of MMC@MSNs-LDL to normal fibroblasts with or without VEGF stimulation was significantly lower than that of traditional MMC (cell viability: 75.6 ± 4.4% vs 36.0 ± 1.5%, respectively, P < 0.001; 84.7 ± 5.5% vs 35.7 ± 1.3%, P < 0.001). The binding of fluorescently labeled MMC@MSNs-LDL in fibroblasts was assessed using confocal fluorescence microscopy. The uptake of targeted nanoparticles in fibroblasts was time dependent and saturated at 6 h. VEGF-activated pterygium fibroblasts showed more uptake of MMC@MSNs-LDL than normal fibroblasts with or without VEGF activation (both P < 0.001). Our data strongly suggest that MMC@MSNs-LDL had an effective antiproliferative role in activated pterygium fibroblasts, with reduced toxicity to normal fibroblasts compared to traditional application of MMC. LDL-mediated drug delivery might have great potential in the management of pterygium recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengliang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, School of Shanghai Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Shangfeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, School of Shanghai Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| | - Tingting Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, School of Shanghai Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Maurizi E, Schiroli D, Atkinson SD, Mairs L, Courtney DG, O'Hagan B, McGilligan VE, Pagnamenta AT, Taylor JC, Vasquez JJD, Illanes-Velarde DE, Goldsmith D, Gouws P, Moore JE, Nesbit MA, Moore CBT. A novel role for CRIM1 in the corneal response to UV and pterygium development. Exp Eye Res 2018; 179:75-92. [PMID: 30365943 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pterygium is a pathological proliferative condition of the ocular surface, characterised by formation of a highly vascularised, fibrous tissue arising from the limbus that invades the central cornea leading to visual disturbance and, if untreated, blindness. Whilst chronic ultraviolet (UV) light exposure plays a major role in its pathogenesis, higher susceptibility to pterygium is observed in some families, suggesting a genetic component. In this study, a Northern Irish family affected by pterygium but reporting little direct exposure to UV was identified carrying a missense variant in CRIM1 NM_016441.2: c.1235 A > C (H412P) through whole-exome sequencing and subsequent analysis. CRIM1 is expressed in the developing eye, adult cornea and conjunctiva, having a role in cell differentiation and migration but also in angiogenesis, all processes involved in pterygium formation. We demonstrate elevated CRIM1 expression in pterygium tissue from additional individual Northern Irish patients compared to unaffected conjunctival controls. UV irradiation of HCE-S cells resulted in an increase in ERK phosphorylation and CRIM1 expression, the latter further elevated by the addition of the MEK1/2 inhibitor, U0126. Conversely, siRNA knockdown of CRIM1 led to decreased UV-induced ERK phosphorylation and increased BCL2 expression. Transient expression of the mutant H412P CRIM1 in corneal epithelial HCE-S cells showed that, unlike wild-type CRIM1, it was unable to reduce the cell proliferation, increased ERK phosphorylation and apoptosis induced through a decrease of BCL2 expression levels. We propose here a series of intracellular events where CRIM1 regulation of the ERK pathway prevents UV-induced cell proliferation and may play an important role in the in the pathogenesis of pterygium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Maurizi
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Davide Schiroli
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Sarah D Atkinson
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK; Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, C-TRIC Building Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Ulster University, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | - Laura Mairs
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - David G Courtney
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Barry O'Hagan
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Victoria E McGilligan
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK; Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, C-TRIC Building Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Ulster University, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | | | - Jenny C Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Dave Goldsmith
- Andean Medical Mission, 42, Sherwood Road, Bognor Regis, West Sussex, PO22 9DR, UK
| | - Pieter Gouws
- Conquest Hospital, The Ridge, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex, TN37 7RD, UK
| | - Jonathan E Moore
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - M Andrew Nesbit
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - C B Tara Moore
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|