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Pareek A, Kumar D, Pareek A, Gupta MM, Jeandet P, Ratan Y, Jain V, Kamal MA, Saboor M, Ashraf GM, Chuturgoon A. Retinoblastoma: An update on genetic origin, classification, conventional to next-generation treatment strategies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32844. [PMID: 38975183 PMCID: PMC11226919 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent paediatric vision-threatening medical condition, retinoblastoma (RB), has been a global concern for a long time. Several conventional therapies, such as systemic chemotherapy and focal therapy, have been used for curative purposes; however, the search for tumour eradication with the least impact on surrounding tissues is still ongoing. This review focuses on the genetic origin, classification, conventional treatment modalities, and their combination with nano-scale delivery systems for active tumour targeting. In addition, the review also delves into ongoing clinical trials and patents, as well as emerging therapies such as gene therapy and immunotherapy for the treatment of RB. Understanding the role of genetics in the development of RB has refined its treatment strategy according to the genetic type. New approaches such as nanostructured drug delivery systems, galenic preparations, nutlin-3a, histone deacetylase inhibitors, N-MYC inhibitors, pentoxifylline, immunotherapy, gene therapy, etc. discussed in this review, have the potential to circumvent the limitations of conventional therapies and improve treatment outcomes for RB. In summary, this review highlights the importance and need for novel approaches as alternative therapies that would ultimately displace the shortcomings associated with conventional therapies and reduce the enucleation rate, thereby preserving global vision in the affected paediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepanjali Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aaushi Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Madan Mohan Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 3303, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection - USC INRAe 1488, University of Reims, PO Box 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Yashumati Ratan
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vivek Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China School of Nursing, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anil Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
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Borden KLB. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E unexpectedly acts in splicing thereby coupling mRNA processing with translation: eIF4E induces widescale splicing reprogramming providing system-wide connectivity between splicing, nuclear mRNA export and translation. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300145. [PMID: 37926700 PMCID: PMC11021180 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings position the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E as a novel modulator of mRNA splicing, a process that impacts the form and function of resultant proteins. eIF4E physically interacts with the spliceosome and with some intron-containing transcripts implying a direct role in some splicing events. Moreover, eIF4E drives the production of key components of the splicing machinery underpinning larger scale impacts on splicing. These drive eIF4E-dependent reprogramming of the splicing signature. This work completes a series of studies demonstrating eIF4E acts in all the major mRNA maturation steps whereby eIF4E drives production of the RNA processing machinery and escorts some transcripts through various maturation steps. In this way, eIF4E couples the mRNA processing-export-translation axis linking nuclear mRNA processing to cytoplasmic translation. eIF4E elevation is linked to worse outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia patients where these activities are dysregulated. Understanding these effects provides new insight into post-transcriptional control and eIF4E-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. B. Borden
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyUniversity of MontrealMontrealQuebecCanada
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3
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Ansari M, Kulkarni YA, Singh K. Advanced Technologies of Drug Delivery to the Posterior Eye Segment Targeting Angiogenesis and Ocular Cancer. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2024; 41:85-124. [PMID: 37824419 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023045298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB), a childhood retinal cancer is caused due to RB1 gene mutation which affects the child below 5 years of age. Angiogenesis has been proven its role in RB metastasis due to the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in RB cells. Therefore, exploring angiogenic pathway by inhibiting VEGF in treating RB would pave the way for future treatment. In preclinical studies, anti-VEGF molecule have shown their efficacy in treating RB. However, treatment requires recurrent intra-vitreal injections causing various side effects along with patient nonadherence. As a result, delivery of anti-VEGF agent to retina requires an ocular delivery system that can transport it in a non-invasive manner to achieve patient compliance. Moreover, development of these type of systems are challenging due to the complicated physiological barriers of eye. Adopting a non-invasive or minimally invasive approach for delivery of anti-VEGF agents would not only address the bioavailability issues but also improve patient adherence to therapy overcoming the side effects associated with invasive approach. The present review focuses on the eye cancer, angiogenesis and various novel ocular drug delivery systems that can facilitate inhibition of VEGF in the posterior eye segment by overcoming the eye barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassir Ansari
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Kavita Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, India
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Zhang Q, Li H, Li Q, Hu Q, Liu B. MNK/eIF4E inhibition overcomes anlotinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:245-252. [PMID: 36355605 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Anlotinib is approved for refractory cases in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This is a novel oral multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor, but patients inevitably face prospects of drug resistance during the treatment process. Using anlotinib-resistant NSCLC models, this work investigated the underlying molecular mechanism and systematically addressed the issue of anlotinib resistance. We demonstrated that expression and activity of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) were upregulated in NSCLC cells due to prolonged exposure to anlotinib. eIF4E depletion resulted in significant effects to anlotinib-resistant cells, showing proliferation inhibition and apoptosis inducement. We further showed that MAP kinase interacting serine/threonine kinase (MNK)-dependent eIF4E inhibition by cercosporamide was active against anlotinib-resistant cells and significantly augmented anlotinib's efficacy in parental NSCLC cells. Importantly, observations from in-vitro experiments are consistent in in vivo anlotinib-resistant and anlotinib-sensitive NSCLC cancer xenograft mouse models. Our work is the first to reveal that eIF4E is involved intimately in anlotinib resistance development in NSCLC, and this eIF4E activation can be reversed by cercosporamide or other MNK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Qiyan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
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5
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Smith MR, Costa G. RNA-binding proteins and translation control in angiogenesis. FEBS J 2022; 289:7788-7809. [PMID: 34796614 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tissue vascularization through the process of angiogenesis ensures adequate oxygen and nutrient supply during development and regeneration. The complex morphogenetic events involved in new blood vessel formation are orchestrated by a tightly regulated crosstalk between extra and intracellular factors. In this context, RNA-binding protein (RBP) activity and protein translation play fundamental roles during the cellular responses triggered by particular environmental cues. A solid body of work has demonstrated that key RBPs (such as HuR, TIS11 proteins, hnRNPs, NF90, QKIs and YB1) are implicated in both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. These RBPs are critical for the metabolism of messenger (m)RNAs encoding angiogenic modulators and, importantly, strong evidence suggests that RBP-mRNA interactions can be altered in disease. Lesser known, but not less important, the mechanistic aspects of protein synthesis can also regulate the generation of new vessels. In this review, we outline the key findings demonstrating the implications of RBP-mediated RNA regulation and translation control in angiogenesis. Furthermore, we highlight how these mechanisms of post-transcriptional control of gene expression have led to promising therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting undesired blood vessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine R Smith
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Guilherme Costa
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
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6
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Tang L, Fu Y, Song J, Hu T, Li K, Li Z. mTOR inhibition by TAK-228 is effective against growth, survival and angiogenesis in preclinical retinoblastoma models. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2022; 10:e00930. [PMID: 35142090 PMCID: PMC8929330 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We and others have shown that aberrant activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling is essential for retinoblastoma progression and has potential therapeutic value. TAK‐228 is a potent inhibitor of mTOR1 and 2 with preclinical activity in a variety of cancers. In this study, we report that TAK‐228 is a dual inhibitor of retinoblastoma and angiogenesis. TAK‐228 inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in a panel of retinoblastoma cell lines, with IC50 at ~0.2 μM. Under the same experimental conditions, TAK‐228 was less effective in inhibiting growth and survival in normal retinal and fibroblast cells than retinoblastoma cells. In addition, TAK‐228 inhibited retinal endothelial cell capillary network formation, migration, growth and survival. We further demonstrate that TAK‐228 inhibits retinoblastoma and retinal angiogenesis through inhibiting mTOR signalling. Rescue studies confirm that mTOR is the target of TAK‐228 in both retinoblastoma and retinal endothelial cells. Finally, we confirm the inhibitory effects of TAK‐228 on tumor and angiogenesis in retinoblastoma xenograft mouse model. Our findings provide a preclinical rationale to explore TAK‐228 as a strategy to treat retinoblastoma and highlight the therapeutic value of targeting mTOR in retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiarun Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Taibing Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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7
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Qi X, Zhang S, Chen Z, Wang L, Zhu W, Yin C, Fan J, Wu X, Wang J, Guo C. EGPI-1, a novel eIF4E/eIF4G interaction inhibitor, inhibits lung cancer cell growth and angiogenesis through Ras/MNK/ERK/eIF4E signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 352:109773. [PMID: 34902296 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
eIF4E plays an important role in regulating tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eIF4E is highly expressed in a variety of lung cancer cell lines. siRNA eIF4E can significantly inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells, indicating that inhibition of eIF4E may become a novel anti-tumor target. In the previous study, we synthesized a series of small molecule compounds with the potential to inhibit eIF4E. Among them, the compound EGPI-1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of a variety of lung cancer cells such as A549, NCI-H460, NCI-H1650 and 95D without inhibiting the proliferation of HUVEC cells. Further studies found that EGPI-1 interfered with the eIF4E/eIF4G interaction and inhibited the phosphorylation of eIF4E in NCI-H460 cells. The results of flow cytometry showed that EGPI-1 induced apoptosis and G0/G1 cycle arrest in NCI-H460 cell. Interestingly, we also found that EGPI-1 induced autophagy and DNA damage in NCI-H460 cells. The mechanism results showed that EGPI-1 inhibited the Ras/MNK/ERK/eIF4E signaling pathway. Moreover, EGPI-1 inhibited tube formation of HUVECs, as well as inhibited the neovascularization of CAM, proving the anti-angiogenesis activity of EGPI-1. The NCI-H460 xenograft studies showed that EGPI-1 inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo by regulating Ras/MNK/ERK/eIF4E pathway. Our studies proved that eIF4E was a novel target for regulating tumor growth, and the eIF4E/eIF4G interaction inhibitor EGPI-1 was promising to develop into a novel anti-lung cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueju Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Shuna Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Zekun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wenyong Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Chuanjin Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Junting Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiaochen Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biology Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, 014030, China.
| | - Chuanlong Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
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Wu SC, Kuo PJ, Rau CS, Huang LH, Lin CW, Wu YC, Wu CJ, Tsai CW, Hsieh TM, Liu HT, Huang CY, Hsieh CH. Increased Angiogenesis by Exosomes Secreted by Adipose-Derived Stem Cells upon Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168877. [PMID: 34445582 PMCID: PMC8396299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes secreted by adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) enhance angiogenesis and wound healing. However, in clinical settings, wounds may be infected by various bacteria or pathogens. We investigated whether human ADSCs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) secrete exosomes (ADSC-LPS-exo) that augment the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). ExoQuick-TC exosome precipitation solution was used to purify exosomes from human ADSC culture media in the presence or absence of 1 µg/mL LPS treatment for 24 h. The uptake of ADSC-LPS-exo significantly induced the activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), activating protein 1 (AP-1), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways and increased the migration of and tube formation in HUVECs. RNA interference with CREB, AP-1, or NF-κB1 significantly reduced the migration of and tube formation in HUVECs treated with ADSC-LPS-exo. An experiment with an antibody array for 25 angiogenesis-related proteins revealed that only interleukin-8 expression was significantly upregulated in HUVECs treated with ADSC-LPS-exo. In addition, proteomic analysis revealed that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, amyloid beta A4 protein, integrin beta-1, and ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 may be potential candidates involved in ADSC-LPS-exo-mediated enhanced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Pao-Jen Kuo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (P.-J.K.); (C.-W.L.); (Y.-C.W.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-W.T.)
| | - Cheng-Shyuan Rau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (C.-S.R.); (L.-H.H.)
| | - Lien-Hung Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (C.-S.R.); (L.-H.H.)
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (P.-J.K.); (C.-W.L.); (Y.-C.W.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-W.T.)
| | - Yi-Chan Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (P.-J.K.); (C.-W.L.); (Y.-C.W.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-W.T.)
| | - Chia-Jung Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (P.-J.K.); (C.-W.L.); (Y.-C.W.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-W.T.)
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (P.-J.K.); (C.-W.L.); (Y.-C.W.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-W.T.)
| | - Ting-Min Hsieh
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (T.-M.H.); (H.-T.L.)
| | - Hang-Tsung Liu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (T.-M.H.); (H.-T.L.)
| | - Chun-Ying Huang
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (T.-M.H.); (H.-T.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.H.); (C.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-7-3454746 (C.-H.H.)
| | - Ching-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kahosiung 83301, Taiwan; (P.-J.K.); (C.-W.L.); (Y.-C.W.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-W.T.)
- Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.H.); (C.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-7-3454746 (C.-H.H.)
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Pitavastatin stimulates retinal angiogenesis via HMG-CoA reductase-independent activation of RhoA-mediated pathways and focal adhesion. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:2707-2716. [PMID: 34328550 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive angiogenesis of the retina is a key component of irreversible causes of blindness in many ocular diseases. Pitavastatin is a cholesterol-lowering drug used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Various studies have shown the effects of pitavastatin on angiogenesis but the conclusions are contradictory. The effects of pitavastatin on retinal angiogenesis have not been revealed. This study investigated the effects of pitavastatin at clinically relevant concentrations on retinal angiogenesis and its underlying mechanisms using retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs). METHODS The effects of pitavastatin on retinal angiogenesis were determined using in vitro model of retinal angiogenesis, endothelial cell migration, adhesion, proliferation, and apoptosis assays. The mechanism studies were conducted using immunoblotting and stress fiber staining. RESULTS Pitavastatin stimulated capillary network formation of RMECs in a similar manner as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pitavastatin also increased RMEC migration, adhesion to Matrigel, growth, and survival. The combination of pitavastatin with VEGF or LPS was more effective than VEGF or LPS alone in stimulating biological activities of RMECs, suggesting that pitavastatin can enhance the stimulatory effects of VEGF and LPS on retinal angiogenesis. Pitavastatin acted on RMECs in a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase-independent manner. In contrast, pitavastatin activated pro-angiogenic microenvironment via promoting the secretion of VEGF and stimulated retinal angiogenesis via multiple mechanisms including activation of RhoA-mediated pathways, induction of focal adhesion complex formation, and activation of ERK pathway. CONCLUSION Our work provides a preclinical evidence on the pro-angiogenic effect of pitavastatin in retina via multiple mechanisms that are irrelevant to mevalonate pathway.
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eIF4E Overexpression Is Associated with Poor Prognoses of Ovarian Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2020:8984526. [PMID: 33489719 PMCID: PMC7787841 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8984526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim Ovarian cancer is a common malignant tumor of the gynecological oncology worldwide, with a high incidence and mortality rate and poor prognosis. Searching for new diagnostic molecular biomarkers for ovarian cancer is extremely significant. Methods Here, we analyzed the expression rates of eIF4E and cyclin D1 proteins in 123 cases of cancer tissue samples and 38 cases of paracancerous tissue samples and studied the connection between the expression rates of eIF4E and cyclin D1 proteins by immunohistochemistry and statistically correlated with clinicopathological features in ovarian cancer. Results The results showed that the expression rates of eIF4E and cyclin D1 proteins in ovarian cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in noncancerous epithelial ovarian tissues (P = 0.001 and P = 0.032, respectively). Additionally, the results revealed that a higher expression rate of eIF4E (P = 0.008) was found in the advanced stage (stage III/IV), and also patients with cervical lymph node metastasis displayed higher expression of eIF4E (P < 0.001) and cyclin D1 (P = 0.033) than those without lymph node metastasis. Spearman's rank correlation test showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the eIF4E and cyclin D1 proteins in ovarian cancer. The Kaplan-Meier method showed that patients with lower expression of eIF4E had marginally better survival than those with high expression of eIF4E (P = 0.012). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further identified that positive expression of eIF4E was an independent prognostic factor. Conclusion In ovarian cancer, eIF4E might be a valuable biomarker to predict poor prognoses and a potential therapeutic target to develop valid treatment strategies.
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11
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The immuno-oncological challenge of COVID-19. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:946-964. [DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-00122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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The Effect of MicroRNA-101 on Angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells during Hypoxia and in Mice with Myocardial Infarction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5426971. [PMID: 32953883 PMCID: PMC7487113 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5426971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies showed that recanalization and angiogenesis within the infarct region are of vital importance to the survival of myocardial cells during the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods In this study, EdU cell proliferation assay, Transwell assay, scratch wound assay, and tube formation assay were used. Twelve bioinformatics analysis packages were used to predict the target genes of miR-101. Target genes were verified by luciferase reporter generation and assay, fluorescent quantitative PCR, and western blotting. Animal model and treatments were detected by M-mode echocardiography and immunofluorescent staining of CD31, Ki67, and α-SMA. Results AgomiR-101 significantly enhanced HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation. A double-luciferase reporter assay revealed that the hsa-miR-101 mimic attenuated the activity of the EIF4E3′-UTR-wt type plasmid by 36%. The expression levels of HIF-1α and VEGF-A in the scrambled RNA group were significantly lower than those in the EIF4E3 siRNA and agomiR-101 groups. The left ventricular ejection fraction of the AMI+Adv-miR-101 group was significantly higher than that of the AMI+Adv-null and Sham+Adv-null groups. The proliferation of vessel cells in the peripheral infarcted myocardium was higher in the AMI+Adv-miR-101 group than that in the AMI+Adv-null and Sham+Adv-null groups. Conclusion MiR-101 can promote angiogenesis in the region surrounding the myocardial infarction.
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Gu X, Dong M, Liu Z, Yang J, Shi Y. MiR-499a-5p Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion, Migration, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and Enhances Radiosensitivity of Cervical Cancer Cells via Targeting eIF4E. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2913-2924. [PMID: 32308424 PMCID: PMC7148431 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s241631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present study aimed to explore the role of miR-499a-5p and its molecular mechanism in cervical cancer (CC). Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression of miR-499a-5p and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) in CC tissues and cell lines. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of CC cells were detected by MTT assay, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and alterations of apoptosis-related genes. The effect of miR-499a-5p on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was examined by determining the protein levels of EMT-associated genes. Then, colony formation assay was used to determine the radiosensitivity of CC cells. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the direct target of miR-499a-5p. Results MiR-499a-5p was significantly downregulated in CC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-499a-5p or eIF4E knockdown markedly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT, and enhanced apoptosis. eIF4E was predicted and verified as a target gene of miR-499a-5p. The influence of miR-499a-5p upregulation on proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, EMT, and radiosensitivity was abrogated by eIF4E overexpression. Discussion MiR-499a-5p promoted the apoptosis and radiosensitivity and inhibited proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT by directly targeting eIF4E in CC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilian Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheyan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
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Zhu J, Zhang X, Ai L, Yuan R, Ye J. Clinicohistopathological implications of MMP/VEGF expression in retinoblastoma: a combined meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. J Transl Med 2019; 17:226. [PMID: 31311559 PMCID: PMC6636009 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No in-depth systematic evidence is available for assessing retinoblastoma malignancy and eligibility for subsequent treatment. METHODS The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and China Biology Medicine databases were searched, and 16 studies comprising 718 retinoblastoma patients were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and summary correlation coefficients (r) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in random-effects, fixed-effects or quality-effects models were calculated using Review Manager 5.3 and MetaXL. GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway analysis were performed using the GO and STRING databases. RESULTS We observed significant associations between high levels of MMP-1 (OR, 4.21; 95% CI 1.86-9.54), MMP-2 (OR, 11.18; 95% CI 4.26-29.30), MMP-9 (OR, 10.41, 95% CI 4.26-25.47), and VEGF (OR, 8.09; 95% CI 4.03-16.20) with tumor invasion; high levels of MMP-1 (OR, 3.58; 95% CI 1.48-8.71), MMP-2 (OR, 2.96; 95% CI 1.32-6.64), MMP-9 (OR, 5.49; 95% CI 3.55-8.48) and VEGF (OR, 5.30; 95% CI 2.93-9.60) with poor differentiation; and overexpression of MMP-9 (OR, 5.17; 95% CI 2.85-9.38) with advanced clinical stages. Moreover, MMP-9 and VEGF expression were positively correlated (r, 0.61; 95% CI 0.38-0.77). Multiple GO terms were enriched associated with MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF, and they are closely associated with pathways, proteoglycans and microRNAs related to cancer. CONCLUSIONS MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF play important roles in the development and progression of retinoblastoma. High levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF are credible implications for increased malignancy, thus the need for more aggressive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Liqianyu Ai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Rongdi Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Jian Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology and Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Casaos J, Gorelick NL, Huq S, Choi J, Xia Y, Serra R, Felder R, Lott T, Kast RE, Suk I, Brem H, Tyler B, Skuli N. The Use of Ribavirin as an Anticancer Therapeutic: Will It Go Viral? Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1185-1194. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen Z, Yang H, Li Z, Xia Q, Nie Y. Temsirolimus as a dual inhibitor of retinoblastoma and angiogenesis via targeting mTOR signalling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:726-732. [PMID: 31253398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Temsirolimus, a FDA-approved anticancer drug with efficacy in certain solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, is a potent mTOR inhibitor. In this work, we are the first to provide preclinical evidence that temsirolimus is an attractive candidate for retinoblastoma treatment as a dual inhibitor of retinoblastoma and angiogenesis. We show that temsirolimus selectively inhibits growth, survival and migration of retinoblastoma cells while sparing normal retinal and fibroblast cells, with IC50 value that is within the clinically achievable range. Temsirolimus potently inhibits retinal angiogenesis via targeting biological functions of retinal endothelial cells. Our mechanism analysis demonstrates that temsirolimus inhibits retinoblastoma and angiogenesis via suppressing mTOR signalling and secretion of proangiogenic cytokines. In line with in vitro data, we further demonstrate the inhibitory effects of temsirolimus on retinoblastoma and angiogenesis in in vivo xenograft mouse model. Our findings provide a preclinical rationale to explore temsirolimus as a strategy to treat retinoblastoma and highlight the therapeutic value of targeting mTOR in retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- The Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongxia Yang
- The Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China, 430060
| | - Qinyun Xia
- The Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Nie
- The Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
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Yu F, Pang G, Zhao G. RETRACTED: ANRIL acts as onco-lncRNA by regulation of microRNA-24/c-Myc, MEK/ERK and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in retinoblastoma. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 128:583-592. [PMID: 30703428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors. Current research findings in the authors' laboratory are in conflict with previous experimental results published in this paper. It was found that the data reported in figures 4 and 5 were not able to be replicated and so therefore the authors have decided that it is best for the scientific record to retract this paper. All the authors agree with the retraction. The authors apologise for any confusion this paper might have caused readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Qingdao Hiser Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266033, Shandong, China
| | - Guolong Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Guiqiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China.
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Jin J, Xiang W, Wu S, Wang M, Xiao M, Deng A. Targeting eIF4E signaling with ribavirin as a sensitizing strategy for ovarian cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 510:580-586. [PMID: 30739792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The essential roles of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) have been shown in various cancers, including ovarian cancer. In this work, we demonstrate that eIF4E inhibition in ovarian cancer can be achieved by ribavirin, a FDA-approved antiviral drug. We show that ribavirin at clinically relevant doses significantly inhibits growth and survival in multiple ovarian cancer cell lines, regardless of morphological and molecular subtypes. Mechanistically, ribavirin suppresses Akt/mTOR and eIF4E/p70S6K signaling pathways in ovarian cancer cells. We confirm that eIF4E is the critical molecular target of ribavirin, and furthermore that this is dependent on phosphorylation at S209. Notably, using both in vitro cell culture system and in vivo xenograft mouse model, we show that the combination of ribavirin with cisplatin (standard of care for patients with ovarian cancer) results in significantly greater efficacy than cisplatin alone in ovarian cancer. Interestingly, the sensitivity to ribavirin varies among a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines, mostly likely due to their differential expression level of eIF4E and dependency to eIF4E inhibition. The differential expression level is further observed in ovarian cancer tissues, with the higher level of eIF4E in the majority of ovarian cancer tissues compared to normal ovary tissues. Our work suggests that eIF4E expression varies among ovarian cancer. Additionally, ribavirin is a useful addition to ovarian cancer treatment, particularly to those with high dependency on eIF4E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- The First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meifang Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hainan Provincial Women and Children Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ali Deng
- The First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Shang Y. LncRNA THOR acts as a retinoblastoma promoter through enhancing the combination of c-myc mRNA and IGF2BP1 protein. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:1243-1249. [PMID: 30119193 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) THOR is an extremely conserved lncRNA with specifically expressed in testis while widespreadly exist in human multiple cancer tissues. The high expression of it significantly promotes the occurrence and progression of melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, osteosarcoma and renal cell carcinoma. However, the expression pattern and effects of lncRNA THOR in the progression of retinoblastoma remain unclear. As a result, this study was conducted to discovery the expression and roles of lncRNA THOR in the malignant phenotype transformation of retinoblastoma cells, as well as its underlying mechanism. Our results demonstrated that lncRNA THOR was over-expressed in the retina tissues from retinoblastoma patients and retinoblastoma Y79 and WERI-Rb1 cell lines. Down-regulation of lncRNA THOR with siRNA significantly repressed cell growth, migration and S phase accumulation, while induced cell apoptosis and G1 phase reduction and reduced the expression of c-myc. Besides, knockdown of c-myc promoted cell apoptosis and suppressed cell proliferation. Furthermore, RNA pull down and PIP assays showed that up-regulation of lncRNA THOR enhanced the combination of IGF2BP1 protein and c-myc RNA. And lncRNA THOR up-regulation obviously increased the tumorigenesis of Y79 cells in vivo. In conclusion, this study makes clear that lncRNA THOR is up-regulated in retinoblastoma, and its over-expression significantly enhances the malignant phenotype transformation of retinoblastoma cells through up-regulating c-myc expression via enhancing its combination with TGF2BP1 protein. Overall, our study illustrates that lncRNA THOR/c-myc molecular cascade might be another potent target for retinoblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Shang
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China.
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Kai J, Wang Y, Xiong F, Wang S. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of eIF4E effectively targets esophageal cancer cells and augments 5-FU's efficacy. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:3983-3991. [PMID: 30174840 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.06.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Aberrant activation of eIF4E is critically involved in the progression and chemoresistance of various cancers. Elevated expression of eIF4E has also been documented in human cancerous esophageal tissues. However, the role of eIF4E in esophageal cancer is unclear. Methods We analysed the levels of eIF4E expression and eIF4E function in a number of normal and cancerous esophageal cancer cell lines, and studied its underlying mechanism. Results We observed that eIF4E expression varies in different esophageal cancer cell lines but was significantly elevated in all tested esophageal cell lines as compared to the control cell lines. We demonstrated that eIF4E inhibition via genetic and pharmacological approaches inhibits cancer cell growth and survival. This inhibition also augments 5-flurouracil's (5-FU's) efficacy as demonstrated with both the in vitro esophageal cancer culture system and our in vivo xenograft mouse model. Of note, the sensitivity of esophageal cancer cells to ribavirin or eIF4E knockdown correlates well with the expression levels of eIF4E, demonstrating that esophageal cells with higher eIF4E expression are more sensitive to eIF4E inhibition. We further confirmed that the mechanism of action of ribavirin on esophageal cancer cells was through suppressing the Akt/mTOR/eIF4E and eIF4E-regulated pathways. Conclusions To our knowledge, our work is the first to demonstrate the multiple roles of eIF4E in esophageal cancer. eIF4E was shown to promote cancer cell growth and survival, and protected the cells from chemotherapy. Our work also demonstrated that ribavirin is an attractive candidate for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindan Kai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yiqiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China
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Xi C, Wang L, Yu J, Ye H, Cao L, Gong Z. Inhibition of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E is effective against chemo-resistance in colon and cervical cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2286-2292. [PMID: 29959920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although cancer patients initially respond well to chemotherapy, they eventually develop resistance and relapse. In this work, we demonstrate that eIF4E-targeting therapy is a potential sensitizing strategy for overcoming chemoresistance and progression in cancer. We show that ribavirin, an anti-viral drug and pharmacological eIF4E inhibitor, effectively inhibits proliferation and decreases viability of paclitaxel-resistant cervical cancer and 5-FU-resistant colon cancer cells while is less toxic to human fibroblast cells. Importantly, oral administration of ribavirin significantly inhibits paclitaxel-resistant colon and 5-FU-resistant cervical cancer growth in xenograft mouse cancer model without causing significant toxicity in mice. Consistently, combination of ribavirin with paclitaxel or 5-FU sensitizes colon and cervical cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents treatment in vitro and in vivo. We further confirm that the mechanism of the action of ribavirin in chemoresistant cancer cells is through suppressing eIF4E function. In addition, specific eIF4E knockdown via two independent siRNA mimics the effects of ribavirin in chemoresistant colon and cervical cancer cells. Cell cycle analysis indicate that ribavirin enhances the anti-proliferative effect of 5-FU by additionally arresting cells at G2/M phase via increasing cyclin B1, p-histone H3(Ser10) and Mad2 levels. Our work demonstrates that eIF4E inhibition using inhibitor or siRNA, either as single agent or in combination, could sensitize chemoresistant cancer cells to paclitaxel or 5-FU treatment and thereby improving the efficacy of chemodrug. Our findings demonstrate the therapeutic value of inhibiting eIF4E, particularly in chemoresistant cancers. Our findings also suggest ribavirin as a promising sensitizing drug for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlei Xi
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - Longlei Cao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhilin Gong
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China.
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