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Zhou J, Du T, Wang X, Yao H, Deng J, Li Y, Chen X, Sheng L, Ji M, Xu B. Discovery of Quinazoline-2,4(1 H,3 H)-dione Derivatives Containing a Piperizinone Moiety as Potent PARP-1/2 Inhibitors─Design, Synthesis, In Vivo Antitumor Activity, and X-ray Crystal Structure Analysis. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14095-14115. [PMID: 37843892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
PARP-1/2 inhibitors have become an important therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HR-deficient tumors. However, discovery of new inhibitors with an improved and distinct pharmacological file still need enormous explorations. Herein, a series of novel highly potent PARP-1/2 inhibitors bearing an N-substituted piperazinone moiety were achieved. In particular, Cpd36 was identified as a distinct PARP inhibitor, showing remarkable enzymatic activity not only toward PARP-1 (IC50 = 0.94 nM) and PARP-2 (IC50 = 0.87 nM) but also toward PARP-7 (IC50 = 0.21 nM), as well as high selectivity over other PARP isoforms. Furthermore, Cpd36 was orally bioavailable and significantly repressed the tumor growth in both breast cancer and prostate cancer xenograft model. The crystal structures of Cpd36 within PARP-1 and PARP-2 together with the predicted binding mode within PARP-7 revealed its binding features and provided insightful information for further developing highly potent and selective PARP-1 and/or PARP-7 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tingting Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Haiping Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jialing Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ming Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bailing Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Moutafi M, Koliou GA, Papaxoinis G, Economopoulou P, Kotsantis I, Gkotzamanidou M, Anastasiou M, Pectasides D, Kyrodimos E, Delides A, Giotakis E, Papadimitriou NG, Panayiotides IG, Perisanidis C, Fernandez AI, Xirou V, Poulios C, Gagari E, Yaghoobi V, Gavrielatou N, Shafi S, Aung TN, Kougioumtzopoulou A, Kouloulias V, Palialexis K, Gkolfinopoulos S, Strati A, Lianidou E, Fountzilas G, Rimm DL, Foukas PG, Psyrri A. Phase II Window Study of Olaparib Alone or with Cisplatin or Durvalumab in Operable Head and Neck Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1514-1523. [PMID: 37575280 PMCID: PMC10414130 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We conducted a phase II randomized noncomparative window of opportunity (WOO) trial to evaluate the inhibition of cellular proliferation and the modulation of immune microenvironment after treatment with olaparib alone or in combination with cisplatin or durvalumab in patients with operable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Experimental Design Forty-one patients with HNSCC were randomized to cisplatin plus olaparib (arm A), olaparib alone (arm B), no treatment (arm C) or durvalumab plus olaparib (arm D). The primary endpoint was to evaluate the percentage of patients in each arm that achieved a reduction of at least 25% in Ki67. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), safety, and pathologic complete response (pCR) rate. Paired baseline and resection tumor biopsies and blood samples were evaluated for prespecified biomarkers. Results A decrease in Ki67 of at least 25% was observed in 44.8% of treated patients, as measured by quantitative immunofluorescence. The ORR among treated patients was 12.1%. pCR was observed in 2 patients. Two serious adverse events occurred in 2 patients.Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) levels [combined positive score (CPS)] were significantly higher after treatment in arms A and D. Expression of CD163 and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) genes, markers of M2 macrophages, increased significantly posttreatment whereas the expression of CD80, a marker of M1 macrophages, decreased. Conclusion Preoperative olaparib with cisplatin or alone or with durvalumab was safe in the preoperative setting and led to decrease in Ki67 of at least 25% in 44.8% of treated patients. Olaparib-based treatment modulates the tumor microenvironment leading to upregulation of PD-L1 and induction of protumor features of macrophages. Significance HNSCC is characterized by defective DNA repair pathways and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. PARP inhibitors, which promote DNA damage and "reset" the inflammatory tumor microenvironment, can establish an effective antitumor response. This phase II WOO trial in HNSCC demonstrated the immunomodulatory effects of PARP inhibitor-induced DNA damage. In this chemo-naïve population, PARP inhibitor-based treatment, reduced tumor cell proliferation and modulated tumor microenvironment. After olaparib upregulation of PD-L1 and macrophages, suggests that combinatorial treatment might be beneficial. Synopsis Our WOO study demonstrates that preoperative olaparib results in a reduction in Ki67, upregulation of PD-L1 CPS, and induction of protumor features of macrophages in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Moutafi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Section, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - George Papaxoinis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Agios Savvas Cancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Economopoulou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Section, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kotsantis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Section, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gkotzamanidou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Section, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Anastasiou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Section, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Pectasides
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Section, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hippokration General Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Delides
- Second Otolaryngology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Giotakis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hippokration General Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos G. Papadimitriou
- Second Otolaryngology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis G. Panayiotides
- Second Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Perisanidis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aileen I. Fernandez
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Vasiliki Xirou
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Christos Poulios
- Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Gagari
- Oral Medicine Clinics, A. Syggros Hospital of Dermatologic and Venereal Diseases, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vesal Yaghoobi
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Niki Gavrielatou
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Saba Shafi
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Thazin Nwe Aung
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Andromachi Kougioumtzopoulou
- Second Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Kouloulias
- Second Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Palialexis
- Second Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Areti Strati
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evi Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Fountzilas
- German Oncology Center, Limassol, Cyprus
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research/Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - David L. Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Periklis G. Foukas
- Second Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Amanda Psyrri
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Section, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensing platform for the determination of Olaparib. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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Wang Z, Wang S, Qin J, Zhang X, Lu G, Liu H, Guo H, Wu L, Shender VO, Shao C, Kong B, Liu Z. Splicing factor BUD31 promotes ovarian cancer progression through sustaining the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2L12. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6246. [PMID: 36271053 PMCID: PMC9587234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of splicing factors has important roles in cancer development and progression. However, it remains a challenge to identify the cancer-specific splicing variants. Here we demonstrate that spliceosome component BUD31 is increased in ovarian cancer, and its higher expression predicts worse prognosis. We characterize the BUD31-binding motif and find that BUD31 preferentially binds exon-intron regions near splicing sites. Further analysis reveals that BUD31 inhibition results in extensive exon skipping and a reduced production of long isoforms containing full coding sequence. In particular, we identify BCL2L12, an anti-apoptotic BCL2 family member, as one of the functional splicing targets of BUD31. BUD31 stimulates the inclusion of exon 3 to generate full-length BCL2L12 and promotes ovarian cancer progression. Knockdown of BUD31 or splice-switching antisense oligonucleotide treatment promotes exon 3 skipping and results in a truncated isoform of BCL2L12 that undergoes nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and the cells subsequently undergo apoptosis. Our findings reveal BUD31-regulated exon inclusion as a critical factor for ovarian cancer cell survival and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Meli lake Translational Research Park, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shourong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junchao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Meli lake Translational Research Park, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Lu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ligang Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Victoria O Shender
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | - Changshun Shao
- Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Beihua Kong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Meli lake Translational Research Park, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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5
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Chu YY, Chen MK, Wei Y, Lee HH, Xia W, Wang YN, Yam C, Hsu JL, Wang HL, Chang WC, Yamaguchi H, Jiang Z, Liu C, Li CF, Nie L, Chan LC, Gao Y, Wang SC, Liu J, Westin SN, Lee S, Sood AK, Yang L, Hortobagyi GN, Yu D, Hung MC. Targeting the ALK-CDK9-Tyr19 kinase cascade sensitizes ovarian and breast tumors to PARP inhibition via destabilization of the P-TEFb complex. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:1211-1227. [PMID: 36253486 PMCID: PMC9586872 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have demonstrated promising clinical activity in multiple cancers. However, resistance to PARP inhibitors remains a substantial clinical challenge. In the present study, we report that anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) directly phosphorylates CDK9 at tyrosine-19 to promote homologous recombination (HR) repair and PARP inhibitor resistance. Phospho-CDK9-Tyr19 increases its kinase activity and nuclear localization to stabilize positive transcriptional elongation factor b and activate polymerase II-dependent transcription of HR-repair genes. Conversely, ALK inhibition increases ubiquitination and degradation of CDK9 by Skp2, an E3 ligase. Notably, combination of US Food and Drug Administration-approved ALK and PARP inhibitors markedly reduce tumor growth and improve survival of mice in PARP inhibitor-/platinum-resistant tumor xenograft models. Using human tumor biospecimens, we further demonstrate that phosphorylated ALK (p-ALK) expression is associated with resistance to PARP inhibitors and positively correlated with p-Tyr19-CDK9 expression. Together, our findings support a biomarker-driven, combinatorial treatment strategy involving ALK and PARP inhibitors to induce synthetic lethality in PARP inhibitor-/platinum-resistant tumors with high p-ALK-p-Tyr19-CDK9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yi Chu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mei-Kuang Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yongkun Wei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heng-Huan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weiya Xia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Nai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Clinton Yam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hung-Ling Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ching-Fei Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lei Nie
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li-Chuan Chan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Chun Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel N Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dihua Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wang X, Xu C, Grzegorzek M, Sun H. Habitat radiomics analysis of pet/ct imaging in high-grade serous ovarian cancer: Application to Ki-67 status and progression-free survival. Front Physiol 2022; 13:948767. [PMID: 36091379 PMCID: PMC9452776 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.948767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: We aim to develop and validate PET/ CT image-based radiomics to determine the Ki-67 status of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), in which we use the metabolic subregion evolution to improve the prediction ability of the model. At the same time, the stratified effect of the radiomics model on the progression-free survival rate of ovarian cancer patients was illustrated.Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 161 patients with HGSOC from April 2013 to January 2019. 18F-FDG PET/ CT images before treatment, pathological reports, and follow-up data were analyzed. A randomized grouping method was used to divide ovarian cancer patients into a training group and validation group. PET/ CT images were fused to extract radiomics features of the whole tumor region and radiomics features based on the Habitat method. The feature is dimensionality reduced, and meaningful features are screened to form a signature for predicting the Ki-67 status of ovarian cancer. Meanwhile, survival analysis was conducted to explore the hierarchical guidance significance of radiomics in the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer.Results: Compared with texture features extracted from the whole tumor, the texture features generated by the Habitat method can better predict the Ki-67 state (p < 0.001). Radiomics based on Habitat can predict the Ki-67 expression accurately and has the potential to become a new marker instead of Ki-67. At the same time, the Habitat model can better stratify the prognosis (p < 0.05).Conclusion: We found a noninvasive imaging predictor that could guide the stratification of prognosis in ovarian cancer patients, which is related to the expression of Ki-67 in tumor tissues. This method is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Marcin Grzegorzek
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Hongzan Sun,
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Adamus-Grabicka AA, Daśko M, Hikisz P, Kusz J, Malecka M, Budzisz E. Biochemical, Structural Analysis, and Docking Studies of Spiropyrazoline Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6061. [PMID: 35682740 PMCID: PMC9181777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative potential, DNA damage, crystal structures, and docking calculation of two spiropyrazoline derivatives. The main focus of the research was to evaluate the antiproliferative potential of synthesized compounds towards eight cancer cell lines. Compound I demonstrated promising antiproliferative properties, especially toward the HL60 cell line, for which IC50 was equal to 9.4 µM/L. The analysis of DNA damage by the comet assay showed that compound II caused DNA damage to tumor lineage cells to a greater extent than compound I. The level of damage to tumor cells of the HEC-1-A lineage was 23%. The determination of apoptotic and necrotic cell fractions by fluorescence microscopy indicated that cells treated with spiropyrazoline-based analogues were entering the early phase of programmed cell death. Compounds I and II depolarized the mitochondrial membranes of cancer cells. Furthermore, we performed simple docking calculations, which indicated that the obtained compounds are able to bind to the PARP1 active site, at least theoretically (the free energy of binding values for compound I and II were -9.7 and 8.7 kcal mol-1, respectively). In silico studies of the influence of the studied compounds on PARP1 were confirmed in vitro with the use of eight cancer cell lines. The degradation of the PARP1 enzyme was observed, with compound I characterized by a higher protein degradation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika A. Adamus-Grabicka
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Daśko
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Pawel Hikisz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joachim Kusz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Malecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163/165, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Elzbieta Budzisz
- Department of the Chemistry of Cosmetic Raw Materials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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8
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Wei L, Wang M, Wang Q, Han Z. Dual targeting, a new strategy for novel PARP inhibitor discovery. Drug Discov Ther 2022; 15:300-309. [PMID: 35034923 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
As a hallmark for cancer treatment, PARP inhibitors can effectively kill tumor cells with a mechanism termed as synthetic lethality, and are used to treat various cancers including ovarian, breast, prostate, pancreatic and others with DNA repair defects. However, along with the clinical trials progressing, the limitations of PARP-1 inhibitors became apparent such as limited activity and indications. Studies have shown that a molecule that is able to simultaneously restrict two or more targets involving in tumors is more effective in preventing and treating cancers due to the enhancing synergies. In order to make up for the shortcomings of PARP inhibitors, reduce the development cost and overcome the pharmacokinetic defects, multiple works were carried out to construct dual targeting PARP inhibitors for cancer therapy. Herein, they were summarized briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Meizhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiwu Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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9
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Yu J, Luo L, Hu T, Cui Y, Sun X, Gou W, Hou W, Li Y, Sun T. Structure-based design, synthesis, and evaluation of inhibitors with high selectivity for PARP-1 over PARP-2. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 227:113898. [PMID: 34656898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors play a crucial role in cancer therapy. However, most approved PARP inhibitors have lower selectivity to PARP-1 than to PARP-2, so they will inevitably have side effects. Based on the different catalytic domains of PARP-1 and PARP-2, we developed a strategy to design and synthesize highly selective PARP-1 inhibitors. Compounds Y17, Y29, Y31 and Y49 showed excellent PARP-1 inhibition, and their IC50 values were 0.61, 0.66, 0.41 and 0.96 nM, respectively. Then, Y49 (PARP-1 IC50 = 0.96 nM, PARP-2 IC50 = 61.90 nM, selectivity PARP-2/PARP-1 = 64.5) was proved to be the most selective inhibitor of PARP-1. Compounds Y29 and Y49 showed stronger inhibitory effect on proliferation in BRCA1 mutant MX-1 cells than in other cancer cells. In the MDA-MB-436 xenotransplantation model, Y49 was well tolerated and showed remarkable single dose activity. The design strategy proposed in this paper is of far-reaching significance for the further construction of the next generation of selective PARP-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110016, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Lingling Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Tong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yating Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Wenfeng Gou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Wenbin Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Yiliang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Tiemin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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10
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Zhou J, Ji M, Wang X, Zhao H, Cao R, Jin J, Li Y, Chen X, Sheng L, Chen X, Xu B. Discovery of Quinazoline-2,4(1 H,3 H)-dione Derivatives Containing 3-Substituted Piperizines as Potent PARP-1/2 Inhibitors─Design, Synthesis, In Vivo Antitumor Activity, and X-ray Crystal Structure Analysis. J Med Chem 2021; 64:16711-16730. [PMID: 34748333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Inhibiting PARP-1/2 offered an important arsenal for cancer treatments via interfering with DNA repair of cancer cells. Novel PARP-1/2 inhibitors were designed by capitalizing on methyl- or ethyl-substituted piperizine ring to capture the characteristics of adenine-ribose binding site (AD site), and their unique binding features were revealed by the cocrystal structures of compounds 4 and 6 in PARP-1. The investigation on structure-activity relationship resulted in compounds 24 and 32 with high enzymatic potency, binding selectivity, and significantly longer residence time for PARP-1 over PARP-2 (compound 24, PARP-1: IC50 = 0.51 nM, PARP-2: IC50 = 23.11 nM; compound 32, PARP-1: IC50 = 1.31 nM, PARP-2: IC50 = 15.63 nM). Furthermore, compound 24 was determined to be an attractive candidate molecule, which possessed an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile and produced remarkable antitumor activity in both breast cancer xenograft model and glioblastoma orthotopic model in mice, either alone or in combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ming Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ran Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xianhong Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Beijing Collab Pharma Co., Ltd, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bailing Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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11
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Biegała Ł, Gajek A, Marczak A, Rogalska A. PARP inhibitor resistance in ovarian cancer: Underlying mechanisms and therapeutic approaches targeting the ATR/CHK1 pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188633. [PMID: 34619333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) constitutes the most common cause of gynecologic cancer-related death in women worldwide. Despite consistent developments in treatment strategies for OC, the management of advanced-stage disease remains a significant challenge. Recent improvements in targeted treatments based on poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) have provided invaluable benefits to patients with OC. Unfortunately, numerous patients do not respond to PARPi due to intrinsic resistance or acquisition of resistance. Here, we discuss mechanisms of resistance to PARPi that have specifically emerged in OC including increased drug efflux, restoration of HR repair, re-establishment of replication fork stability, reduced PARP1 trapping, abnormalities in PARP signaling, and less common pathways associated with alternative DNA sensing and repair pathways. Elucidation of the precise mechanisms is essential for the development of novel strategies to re-sensitize OC cells to PARPi agents. Additionally, novel potential concepts for preventing and combating resistance to PARPi under development and relevant clinical reports on treatment strategies have been reviewed, with emphasis on the exploitation of the ATR/CHK1 kinase pathway in sensitization to PARPi to overcome resistance-induced vulnerability in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Biegała
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Gajek
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Marczak
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Aneta Rogalska
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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12
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Sun Y, Liu Y, Ma X, Hu H. The Influence of Cell Cycle Regulation on Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6923. [PMID: 34203270 PMCID: PMC8267727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle regulation is orchestrated by a complex network of interactions between proteins, enzymes, cytokines, and cell cycle signaling pathways, and is vital for cell proliferation, growth, and repair. The occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors are closely related to the cell cycle. Cell cycle regulation can be synergistic with chemotherapy in two aspects: inhibition or promotion. The sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs can be improved with the cooperation of cell cycle regulation strategies. This review presented the mechanism of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs and the effect of the cell cycle on tumorigenesis and development, and the interaction between chemotherapy and cell cycle regulation in cancer treatment was briefly introduced. The current collaborative strategies of chemotherapy and cell cycle regulation are discussed in detail. Finally, we outline the challenges and perspectives about the improvement of combination strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology, Qingdao 266000, China;
| | - Hao Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
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13
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Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the predominant primary liver tumor in children. While the prognosis is favorable when the tumor can be resected, the outcome is dismal for patients with progressed HB. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for HB is imperative for early detection and effective treatment. Sequencing analysis of human HB specimens unraveled the pivotal role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in this disease. Nonetheless, β-catenin activation alone does not suffice to induce HB, implying the need for additional alterations. Perturbations of several pathways, including Hippo, Hedgehog, NRF2/KEAP1, HGF/c-Met, NK-1R/SP, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR cascades and aberrant activation of c-MYC, n-MYC, and EZH2 proto-oncogenes, have been identified in HB, although their role requires additional investigation. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on HB molecular pathogenesis, the relevance of the preclinical findings for the human disease, and the innovative therapeutic strategies that could be beneficial for the treatment of HB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Antonio Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefano Cairo
- XenTech, Evry, France,Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Padova, Italy
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Diego F. Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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14
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Adambekov S, Lopa S, Edwards RP, Lemon L, Wang S, Taylor SE, Orr B, Linkov F. Survival and recurrence after intraperitoneal chemotherapy use: Retrospective review of ovarian cancer hospital registry data. Cancer Med 2020; 9:7388-7397. [PMID: 32813321 PMCID: PMC7571805 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intraperitoneal/intravenous chemotherapy (IP/IV) was associated with improved survival for ovarian cancer (OC) patients in several randomized clinical trials. However, the uptake of IP/IV in clinical practice is varied due to conflicting evidence about its impact on survival and recurrence. The aim of this study was to explore the uptake of IP/IV treatment and to evaluate its impact on survival and recurrence in OC patients. Methods Demographic and clinical information on OC patients (N = 2916) who underwent treatment for OC between 2000 and 2017 was obtained from the large healthcare system cancer registry. Duplicate records, grade 1, rare (eg, gelatinous carcinoma), and non‐epithelial (eg, granulosa cell carcinoma) tumors were excluded. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were constructed to compare 5‐ and 10‐year survival based on the chemotherapy type, surgery type, and stage. Multivariable Gray's piecewise constant time‐varying coefficient models were fitted to evaluate the effect of IP/IV on adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) of OC survival and recurrence adjusting for potential confounders. Results The final sample consisted of 1846 OC patients, 14% (250/1846) of which received IP/IV chemotherapy. IP/IV was significantly associated with improved 10‐year survival (P < .001). Multivariable Gray's model demonstrated that IP/IV therapy significantly reduced the AHR of death (AHR = 0.39‐1.07, P < .001) with the beneficial effect gradually declining over time. Use of IP/IV chemotherapy had no impact on OC recurrence. Conclusions These findings demonstrated that only a small fraction of eligible patients underwent IP/IV chemotherapy. We report a significant 10‐year survival, but not necessarily recurrence benefit is associated with IP/IV chemotherapy compared to IV only, suggesting the need for novel ways of identifying patients who may benefit from IP/IV chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalkar Adambekov
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samia Lopa
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lara Lemon
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Clinical Analytics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sarah E Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brian Orr
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Faina Linkov
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Health Administration and Public Health, John G. Rangos, Sr. School of Health Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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15
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Pan K, Gong J, Huynh K, Cristea M. Current Systemic Treatment Landscape of Advanced Gynecologic Malignancies. Target Oncol 2020; 14:269-283. [PMID: 31069647 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-019-00641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Developments in systemic therapies beyond traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy have resulted in an unparalleled number of US Food and Drug Administration approvals in the past 5 years for ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer. In this review, we highlight registration trials leading to recent Food and Drug Administration approvals for targeted systemic therapies in advanced gynecologic malignancies, encompassing three classes of agents: the antiangiogenic anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody bevacizumab in ovarian and cervical cancer, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in ovarian cancer, and the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab in cervical and endometrial cancer. The addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy has been approved in frontline and relapsed advanced ovarian cancer, in both platinum-resistant and platinum-sensitive settings. Three poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors are approved for women with ovarian cancer. Olaparib and rucaparib are utilized in recurrent germline or somatic BRCA mutated ovarian cancer. Along with a third poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, niraparib, they are also Food and Drug Administration approved as maintenance therapy regardless of BRCA mutation status for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer in complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy. More recently, olaparib was approved as maintenance therapy for BRCA mutated ovarian cancer following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Pembrolizumab has been approved for relapsed cervical cancer with programmed death ligand 1 positivity and relapsed solid tumors with mismatch repair deficiency, which applies to 30% of endometrial cancers. Together, these therapies represent the advent of personalized medicine in gynecologic malignancies. Additional information is required to determine cost-effective strategies for incorporating these therapies and rational means of sequencing these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Pan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, 9400 Rosescrans Ave, Bellflower, CA, 90706, USA.
| | - Jun Gong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen Huynh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mihaela Cristea
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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16
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Transcriptional profiling of medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity (MBEN) reveals two clinically relevant tumor subsets with VSNL1 as potent prognostic marker. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:583-596. [PMID: 31781912 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02102-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity (MBEN) is one of the few central nervous system (CNS) tumor entities occurring in infants which is traditionally associated with good to excellent prognosis. Some MBEN, however, have been reported with an unfavorable clinical course. We performed an integrated DNA/RNA-based molecular analysis of a multi-institutional MBEN cohort (n = 41) to identify molecular events which might be responsible for variability in patients' clinical outcomes. RNA sequencing analysis of this MBEN cohort disclosed two clear transcriptome clusters (TCL) of these CNS tumors: "TCL1 MBEN" and "TCL2 MBEN" which were associated with various gene expression signatures, mutational landscapes and, importantly, prognosis. Thus, the clinically unfavorable "TCL1 MBEN" subset revealed transcriptome signatures composed of cancer-associated signaling pathways and disclosed a high frequency of clinically relevant germline PTCH1/SUFU alterations. In contrast, gene expression profiles of tumors from the clinically favorable "TCL2 MBEN" subgroup were associated with activation of various neurometabolic and neurotransmission signaling pathways, and germline SHH-pathway gene mutations were extremely rare in this transcriptome cluster. "TCL2 MBEN" also revealed strong and ubiquitous expression of VSNL1 (visinin-like protein 1) both at the mRNA and protein level, which was correlated with a favorable clinical course. Thus, combining mutational and epigenetic profiling with transcriptome analysis including VSNL1 immunohistochemistry, MBEN patients could be stratified into clinical risk groups of potential value for subsequent treatment planning.
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17
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The Value of PET-CT in Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study in British Columbia, Canada. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2020; 51:264-270. [PMID: 32113969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), consensus regarding optimal use of PET/CT is lacking. Limited evidence suggests its accuracy in preoperative staging, investigating recurrence and predicting optimal secondary debulking. This study evaluated indications for PET/CT, impact of PET/CT results on EOC management, and its added value over conventional imaging. METHODS Patients with EOC aged 19 years and older who underwent PET/CT at BC Cancer Vancouver between January 2007 and September 2017 were eligible. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed with the following data abstracted: patient demographics, PET/CT indications and results, recent conventional imaging results, and application of PET/CT findings. Basic descriptive analysis was performed to determine most common use of PET/CT and its management impact. RESULTS 257 PET/CTs in 216 patients were eligible. Most PET/CTs (135/257, 52.6%) were performed for suspected disease recurrence/progression. Management after PET/CT changed in 1/3 of cases with the greatest impact seen when assessing suitability in recurrent disease for focal radiotherapy or secondary surgical debulking. For 106/257 cases with recent conventional imaging available, although differences in disease extent were found in ~50%, clinical conclusions drawn were the same in ~75%. DISCUSSION Although PET/CT is most commonly used to investigate suspected recurrence/progression, its impact on management here is low. Greater impact is seen when considering localized therapy in EOC recurrence. When compared with recent conventional imaging, although PET/CT may detect differences in disease extent, clinical conclusions are frequently the same. CONCLUSION Impact of PET/CT on management is greatest in EOC recurrence when considering local therapies, beyond which clinical presentation and conventional imaging may suffice.
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18
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Bruin MAC, de Vries N, Lucas L, Rosing H, Huitema ADR, Beijnen JH. Development and validation of an integrated LC-MS/MS assay for therapeutic drug monitoring of five PARP-inhibitors. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1138:121925. [PMID: 31915109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay was developed for the combined analysis of the five poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors niraparib, olaparib, rucaparib talazoparib and veliparib. A simple and fast sample pre-treatment method was used by protein precipitating of plasma samples with acetonitrile and dilution of the supernatant with formic acid (0.1% v/v in water). This was followed by chromatographic separation on a reversed-phase UPLC BEH C18 column and detection with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in the positive mode. A simplified validation procedure specifically designed for bioanalytical methods for clinical therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) purposes, was applied. This included assessment of the calibration model, accuracy and precision, lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), specificity and selectivity, carry-over and stability. The validated range was 30-3000 ng/mL for niraparib, 100-10,000 ng/mL for olaparib, 50-5000 ng/mL for rucaparib, 0.5-50 ng/mL for talazoparib and 50-5000 for veliparib. All results were within the criteria of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance and European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines on method validation. The assay has been successfully implemented in our laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A C Bruin
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - N de Vries
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L Lucas
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A D R Huitema
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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19
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Tavares V, Pinto R, Assis J, Pereira D, Medeiros R. Venous thromboembolism GWAS reported genetic makeup and the hallmarks of cancer: Linkage to ovarian tumour behaviour. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.188331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Cook SA, Tinker AV. PARP Inhibitors and the Evolving Landscape of Ovarian Cancer Management: A Review. BioDrugs 2019; 33:255-273. [PMID: 30895466 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-019-00347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
As a drug class, inhibitors of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) have had their greatest impact on the treatment of women with epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC), in particular, those with the most common histological subtype, high-grade serous cancer, as it has high rates of homologous recombination (HR) deficiency. PARP inhibition exploits this cancer vulnerability by further disrupting DNA repair, thus leading to genomic catastrophe. Early clinical data demonstrated the effectiveness of PARP inhibition in women with recurrent EOC harbouring BRCA1/2 mutations and those with platinum-sensitive recurrences. Three PARP inhibitors (olaparib, niraparib, and rucaparib) are now approved for use in women with recurrent EOC. Based upon randomised controlled trials, PARP inhibitors are in use as "maintenance" therapy for those with platinum-sensitive and platinum-responsive recurrences (irrespective of BRCA1/2 mutation status). Among women with BRCA1/2 mutations (either germline or somatic), maintenance PARP inhibitor therapy for those with recurrence has led to a nearly fourfold prolongation of progression-free survival compared to placebo control. Those without BRCA1/2 mutations experience an approximately twofold increase in progression-free survival. The latest clinical data demonstrate that women with BRCA1/2 mutations who respond to first-line chemotherapy and go on to have maintenance olaparib experience a doubling of the rate of freedom from death at 3 years when compared to placebo (60% vs 27%). PARP inhibitors are also approved as active therapy for women with germline or tumour BRCA1/2 mutations and recurrent EOC treated with three or more prior lines of therapy. Apart from the presence of a BRCA1/2 mutation (germline or somatic) and clinical factors such as platinum sensitivity and responsiveness, other predictive biomarkers are not in routine clinical use. Assays to identify genomic aberrations caused by HR deficiency, or mutations in genes involved in HR, have not been sufficiently sensitive to identify all patients who benefit from treatment. The mechanisms of PARP-inhibitor resistance include restoration of HR through reversion mutations in HR genes, capable of re-establishing the DNA open-reading frame and leading to resumed HR function. Other mechanisms that sustain sufficient DNA repair may also be important. This review focuses on the rationale for the use of PARP inhibitors in EOC. The data that have shaped clinical research are presented, and the trials that have changed management standards are reviewed and discussed. Highlighted are the past and ongoing efforts to further improve and explore the use of PARP inhibitors in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Cook
- BC Cancer, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Anna V Tinker
- BC Cancer, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada.
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Mazzoldi EL, Pastò A, Ceppelli E, Pilotto G, Barbieri V, Amadori A, Pavan S. Casein Kinase 1 Delta Regulates Cell Proliferation, Response to Chemotherapy and Migration in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1211. [PMID: 31799185 PMCID: PMC6874158 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 1 delta (CK1δ) has a tumor-promoting role in different cancers and it is genetically amplified in a portion of human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). CK1δ is involved in pleiotropic cellular functions such as cell proliferation, DNA damage, and migration. We specifically knocked down CK1δ by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in human ovarian cancer cells and we performed proliferation, chemosensitivity, as well as in vitro and in vivo migration assays. CK1δ knocked-down cells displayed reduced proliferation capability both in vitro and in vivo. Nonetheless, these cells were sensitized to the first line chemotherapeutic agent carboplatin (CPT), and this observation could be associated to reduced expression levels of p21(Cip1/Waf1), involved in DNA damage response, and the anti-apoptotic X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Moreover, CK1δ knocked-down cells were affected in their migratory and lung homing capability, even if in opposite ways, i.e., IGROV1, SKOV3 and MES-OV lost, while OVCAR3 gained motility potential. The results suggest CK1δ as a potential exploitable target for pharmacological EOC treatment, but they also advise further investigation of its role in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Laura Mazzoldi
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Pastò
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Ceppelli
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pilotto
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Vito Barbieri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alberto Amadori
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Simona Pavan
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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Is antidyslipidemic statin use for cancer prevention a promising drug repositioning approach? Eur J Cancer Prev 2019; 28:562-567. [DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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PARP Inhibitors in Ovarian Cancer: The Route to "Ithaca". Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:diagnostics9020055. [PMID: 31109041 PMCID: PMC6627688 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are a novel class of therapeutic agents that target tumors with deficiencies in the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway. Genomic instability characterizes high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), with one half of all tumors displaying defects in the important DNA repair pathway of homologous recombination. Early studies have shown significant efficacy for PARP inhibitors in patients with germline breast related cancer antigens 1 and 2 (BRCA1/2) mutations. It has also become evident that BRCA wild-type patients with other defects in the homologous recombination repair pathway benefit from this treatment. Companion homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) scores are being developed to guide the selection of patients that are most likely to benefit from PARP inhibition. The choice of which PARP inhibitor is mainly based upon the number of prior therapies and the presence of a BRCA mutation or HRD. The identification of patients most likely to benefit from PARP inhibitor therapy in view of HRD and other biomarker assessments is still challenging. The aim of this review is to describe the current evidence for PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer, their mechanism of action, and the outstanding issues, including the rate of long-term toxicities and the evolution of resistance.
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Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors combined with other small-molecular compounds for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2019; 30:554-561. [PMID: 30998513 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease with complex molecular and genetic hallmarks. Benefitting from profound understanding of molecular mechanisms in ovarian cancer pathogenesis, novel targeted drugs have been actively explored in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Considered as one of the most potent and effective targeted therapies for the treatment of ovarian cancer, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) take advantages of synthetic lethality mechanisms to prevent DNA damage repair in cancer cells and cause their death, especially in cancers with BRCA mutations. Mounting evidence has indicated that the combination of PARPis with cytotoxic drugs or other targeted drugs has shown favorable synergistic effects. Excitingly, the antitumor activity of combination therapy of PARPis has been actively tested in multiple clinical trials and in-vitro or in-vivo experiments. In this review, we will briefly discuss the molecular mechanisms of PARPis combined with other therapeutic small-molecular compounds for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Lee DS, Cheon GJ. Nuclear Theranostics in Asia: In vivo Companion Diagnostics. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 53:1-6. [PMID: 30828392 PMCID: PMC6377583 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-019-00573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Jain PG, Patel BD. Medicinal chemistry approaches of poly ADP-Ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors as anticancer agents - A recent update. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 165:198-215. [PMID: 30684797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase1 (PARP1) is a member of 17 membered PARP family having diversified biological functions such as synthetic lethality, DNA repair, apoptosis, necrosis, histone binding etc. It is primarily a chromatin-bound nuclear enzyme that gets activated by DNA damage. It binds to DNA signal- and double-strand breaks, does parylation of target proteins (using NAD+ as a substrate) like histones and other DNA repair proteins and modifies them as a part of DNA repair mechanism. Inhibition of PARP1 prevents the DNA repair and leads to cell death. Clinically, PARP1 Inhibitors have shown their potential in treating BRCAm breast and ovarian cancers and trials are going on for the treatment of other solid tumors like pancreatic, prostate, colorectal etc. as a single agent or in combination. There are currently three FDA approved PARP1 inhibitors namely Olaparib, Rucaparib and Niraparib in the market while Veliparib and Talazoparib are in the late stage of clinical development. All these molecules are nonselective PARP1 inhibitors with concurrent inhibition of PARP2 with similar potency. In addition, resistance to marketed PARP1 inhibitors has been reported. Overall, looking at the success rate of PARP1 inhibitors into various solid tumors, there is an urge of a novel and selective PARP1 inhibitors. This review provides an update on various newer heterocyclic PARP1 inhibitors reported in last three years along with their structural design strategies. We classified them into two main chemical classes; NAD analogues and non-NAD analogues and discussed the medicinal chemistry approaches of each class. To understand the structural features required for in-silico designing of next-generation PARP1 inhibitors, we also reported the crucial amino acid interactions of these inhibitors at the target site. Thus, present review provides the insight on recent development on new lead structures as PARP1 inhibitors, their SAR, an overview of in-vitro and in-vivo screening methods, current challenges and opinion on future designing of more selective and safe PARP1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyancy G Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| | - Bhumika D Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.
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Stewart RA, Pilié PG, Yap TA. Development of PARP and Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitor Combinations. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6717-6725. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Barger CJ, Zhang W, Sharma A, Chee L, James SR, Kufel CN, Miller A, Meza J, Drapkin R, Odunsi K, Klinkebiel D, Karpf AR. Expression of the POTE gene family in human ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17136. [PMID: 30459449 PMCID: PMC6244393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The POTE family includes 14 genes in three phylogenetic groups. We determined POTE mRNA expression in normal tissues, epithelial ovarian and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (EOC, HGSC), and pan-cancer, and determined the relationship of POTE expression to ovarian cancer clinicopathology. Groups 1 & 2 POTEs showed testis-specific expression in normal tissues, consistent with assignment as cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), while Group 3 POTEs were expressed in several normal tissues, indicating they are not CTAs. Pan-POTE and individual POTEs showed significantly elevated expression in EOC and HGSC compared to normal controls. Pan-POTE correlated with increased stage, grade, and the HGSC subtype. Select individual POTEs showed increased expression in recurrent HGSC, and POTEE specifically associated with reduced HGSC OS. Consistent with tumors, EOC cell lines had significantly elevated Pan-POTE compared to OSE and FTE cells. Notably, Group 1 & 2 POTEs (POTEs A/B/B2/C/D), Group 3 POTE-actin genes (POTEs E/F/I/J/KP), and other Group 3 POTEs (POTEs G/H/M) show within-group correlated expression, and pan-cancer analyses of tumors and cell lines confirmed this relationship. Based on their restricted expression in normal tissues and increased expression and association with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer, POTEs are potential oncogenes and therapeutic targets in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter J Barger
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Wa Zhang
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Linda Chee
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Smitha R James
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Christina N Kufel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Austin Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jane Meza
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4375, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - David Klinkebiel
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Adam R Karpf
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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