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Hao M, Xue L, Wen X, Sun L, Zhang L, Xing K, Hu X, Xu J, Xing D. Advancing bone regeneration: Unveiling the potential of 3D cell models in the evaluation of bone regenerative materials. Acta Biomater 2024; 183:1-29. [PMID: 38815683 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Bone, a rigid yet regenerative tissue, has garnered extensive attention for its impressive healing abilities. Despite advancements in understanding bone repair and creating treatments for bone injuries, handling nonunions and large defects remains a major challenge in orthopedics. The rise of bone regenerative materials is transforming the approach to bone repair, offering innovative solutions for nonunions and significant defects, and thus reshaping orthopedic care. Evaluating these materials effectively is key to advancing bone tissue regeneration, especially in difficult healing scenarios, making it a critical research area. Traditional evaluation methods, including two-dimensional cell models and animal models, have limitations in predicting accurately. This has led to exploring alternative methods, like 3D cell models, which provide fresh perspectives for assessing bone materials' regenerative potential. This paper discusses various techniques for constructing 3D cell models, their pros and cons, and crucial factors to consider when using these models to evaluate bone regenerative materials. We also highlight the significance of 3D cell models in the in vitro assessments of these materials, discuss their current drawbacks and limitations, and suggest future research directions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This work addresses the challenge of evaluating bone regenerative materials (BRMs) crucial for bone tissue engineering. It explores the emerging role of 3D cell models as superior alternatives to traditional methods for assessing these materials. By dissecting the construction, key factors of evaluating, advantages, limitations, and practical considerations of 3D cell models, the paper elucidates their significance in overcoming current evaluation method shortcomings. It highlights how these models offer a more physiologically relevant and ethically preferable platform for the precise assessment of BRMs. This contribution is particularly significant for "Acta Biomaterialia" readership, as it not only synthesizes current knowledge but also propels the discourse forward in the search for advanced solutions in bone tissue engineering and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Hao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Linyuan Xue
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Li Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Kunyue Xing
- Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, UK
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Department of Interventional Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26600, China
| | - Jiazhen Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Gong G, Wan W, Zhang X, Chen X, Yin J. Management of ROS and Regulatory Cell Death in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01173-y. [PMID: 38852121 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is fatal to patients, leading to cardiomyocyte death and myocardial remodeling. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress play important roles in MIRI. There is a complex crosstalk between ROS and regulatory cell deaths (RCD) in cardiomyocytes, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. ROS is a double-edged sword. A reasonable level of ROS maintains the normal physiological activity of myocardial cells. However, during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, excessive ROS generation accelerates myocardial damage through a variety of biological pathways. ROS regulates cardiomyocyte RCD through various molecular mechanisms. Targeting the removal of excess ROS has been considered an effective way to reverse myocardial damage. Many studies have applied antioxidant drugs or new advanced materials to reduce ROS levels to alleviate MIRI. Although the road from laboratory to clinic has been difficult, many scholars still persevere. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of ROS inhibition to regulate cardiomyocyte RCD, with a view to providing new insights into prevention and treatment strategies for MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 211002, China
| | - Wenhui Wan
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 211002, China
| | - Xinghu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 211002, China
| | - Xiangxuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangning Clinical Medical College of Jiangsu Medical Vocational College, Nanjing, 211100, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangning Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University Kangda College, Nanjing, 211100, China.
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Lv N, Hou M, Deng L, Hua X, Zhou X, Liu H, Zhu X, Xu Y, Qian Z, Li Q, Liu M, He F. A sponge-like nanofiber melatonin-loaded scaffold accelerates vascularized bone regeneration via improving mitochondrial energy metabolism. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101078. [PMID: 38765244 PMCID: PMC11101953 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers have been widely employed in bone tissue engineering for their ability to mimic the micro to nanometer scale network of the native bone extracellular matrix. However, the dense fibrous structure and limited mechanical support of these nanofibers pose challenges for the treatment of critical size bone defects. In this study, we propose a facile approach for creating a three-dimensional scaffold using interconnected electrospun nanofibers containing melatonin (Scaffold@MT). The hypothesis posited that the sponge-like Scaffold@MT could potentially enhance bone regeneration and angiogenesis by modulating mitochondrial energy metabolism. Melatonin-loaded gelatin and poly-lactic-acid nanofibers were fabricated using electrospinning, then fragmented into shorter fibers. The sponge-like Scaffold@MT was created through a process involving homogenization, low-temperature lyophilization, and chemical cross-linking, while maintaining the microstructure of the continuous nanofibers. The incorporation of short nanofibers led to a low release of melatonin and increased Young's modulus of the scaffold. Scaffold@MT demonstrated positive biocompatibility by promoting a 14.2 % increase in cell proliferation. In comparison to the control group, Scaffold@MT significantly enhanced matrix mineralization by 3.2-fold and upregulated the gene expression of osteoblast-specific markers, thereby facilitating osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Significantly, Scaffold@MT led to a marked enhancement in the mitochondrial energy function of BMMSCs, evidenced by elevated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and protein expression of respiratory chain factors. Furthermore, Scaffold@MT promoted the migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and increased tube formation by 1.3 times compared to the control group, accompanied by an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) expression. The results of in vivo experiments indicate that the implantation of Scaffold@MT significantly improved vascularized bone regeneration in a distal femur defect in rats. Micro-computed tomography analysis conducted 8 weeks post-surgery revealed that Scaffold@MT led to optimal development of new bone microarchitecture. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that Scaffold@MT facilitated bone matrix deposition and new blood vessel formation at the defect site. Overall, the utilization of melatonin-loaded nanofiber sponges exhibits significant promise as a scaffold that promotes bone growth and angiogenesis, making it a viable option for the repair of critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanning Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Mingzhuang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhonglai Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
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Cao H, He S, Wu M, Hong L, Feng X, Gao X, Li H, Liu M, Lv N. Cascaded controlled delivering growth factors to build vascularized and osteogenic microenvironment for bone regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:101015. [PMID: 38500557 PMCID: PMC10945171 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of bone regeneration is intricately regulated by various cytokines at distinct stages. The establishment of early and efficient vascularization, along with the maintenance of a sustained osteoinductive microenvironment, plays a crucial role in the successful utilization of bone repair materials. This study aimed to develop a composite hydrogel that would facilitate the creation of an osteogenic microenvironment for bone repair. This was achieved by incorporating an early rapid release of VEGF and a sustained slow release of BMP-2. Herein, the Schiff base was formed between VEGF and the composite hydrogel, and VEGF could be rapidly released to promote vascularization in response to the early acidic bone injury microenvironment. Furthermore, the encapsulation of BMP-2 within mesoporous silica nanoparticles enabled a controlled and sustained release, thereby facilitating the process of bone repair. Our developed composite hydrogel released more than 80% of VEGF and BMP-2 in the acidic medium, which was significantly higher than that in the neutral medium (about 60%). Moreover, the composite hydrogel demonstrated a significant improvement in the migratory capacity and tube formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, the composite hydrogel exhibited an augmented ability for osteogenesis, as confirmed by the utilization of ALP staining, alizarin red staining, and the upregulation of osteogenesis-related genes. Notably, the composite hydrogel displayed substantial osteoinductive properties, compared with other groups, the skull defect in the composite hydrogels combined with BMP-2 and VEGF was full of new bone, basically completely repaired, and the BV/TV value was greater than 80%. The outcomes of animal experiments demonstrated that the composite hydrogel effectively promoted bone regeneration in cranial defects of rats by leveraging the synergistic effect of an early rapid release of VEGF and a sustained slow release of BMP-2, thereby facilitating vascularized bone regeneration. In conclusion, our composite hydrogel has demonstrated promising potential for vascularized bone repair through the enhancement of angiogenesis and osteogenic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Shuangjun He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Danyang, 212300, China
| | - Mingzhou Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taicang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taicang, 215400, China
| | - Lihui Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Xuzhu Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Hongye Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Nanning Lv
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222003, China
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Lv N, Zhou Z, Hou M, Hong L, Li H, Qian Z, Gao X, Liu M. Research progress of vascularization strategies of tissue-engineered bone. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1291969. [PMID: 38312513 PMCID: PMC10834685 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1291969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The bone defect caused by fracture, bone tumor, infection, and other causes is not only a problematic point in clinical treatment but also one of the hot issues in current research. The development of bone tissue engineering provides a new way to repair bone defects. Many animal experimental and rising clinical application studies have shown their excellent application prospects. The construction of rapid vascularization of tissue-engineered bone is the main bottleneck and critical factor in repairing bone defects. The rapid establishment of vascular networks early after biomaterial implantation can provide sufficient nutrients and transport metabolites. If the slow formation of the local vascular network results in a lack of blood supply, the osteogenesis process will be delayed or even unable to form new bone. The researchers modified the scaffold material by changing the physical and chemical properties of the scaffold material, loading the growth factor sustained release system, and combining it with trace elements so that it can promote early angiogenesis in the process of induced bone regeneration, which is beneficial to the whole process of bone regeneration. This article reviews the local vascular microenvironment in the process of bone defect repair and the current methods of improving scaffold materials and promoting vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanning Lv
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangzhe Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingzhuang Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihui Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongye Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhonglai Qian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuzhu Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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Dhumale P, Nielsen JV, Hansen ACS, Burton M, Beck HC, Jørgensen MG, Toyserkani NM, Haahr MK, Hansen ST, Lund L, Thomassen M, Sørensen JA, Andersen DC, Jensen CH, Sheikh SP. CD31 defines a subpopulation of human adipose-derived regenerative cells with potent angiogenic effects. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14401. [PMID: 37658225 PMCID: PMC10474028 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity represents a major challenge for regenerative treatment using freshly isolated Adipose Derived Regenerative Cells (ADRCs). Emerging data suggest superior efficacy of ADRCs as compared to the ex vivo expanded and more homogeneous ADRCs (= ASCs) for indications involving (micro)vascular deficiency, however, it remains unknown which ADRC cell subtypes account for the improvement. Surprisingly, we found regarding erectile dysfunction (ED) that the number of injected CD31+ ADRCs correlated positively with erectile function 12 months after one bolus of autologous ADRCs. Comprehensive in vitro and ex vivo analyses confirmed superior pro-angiogenic and paracrine effects of human CD31+ enriched ADRCs compared to the corresponding CD31- and parent ADRCs. When CD31+, CD31- and ADRCs were co-cultured in aortic ring- and corpus cavernous tube formation assays, the CD31+ ADRCs induced significantly higher tube development. This effect was corroborated using conditioned medium (CM), while quantitative mass spectrometric analysis suggested that this is likely explained by secretory pro-angiogenic proteins including DKK3, ANGPT2, ANAX2 and VIM, all enriched in CD31+ ADRC CM. Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that transcripts of the upregulated and secreted proteins were present in 9 endothelial ADRC subsets including endothelial progenitor cells in the heterogenous non-cultured ADRCs. Our data suggest that the vascular benefit of using ADRCs in regenerative medicine is dictated by CD31+ ADRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Dhumale
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital (OUH), Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Vennike Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital (OUH), Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Mark Burton
- Department of Clinical Genetics, OUH, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hans Christian Beck
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital (OUH), Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Gustaf Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit for Plastic Surgery, Department of Clinical Research, SDU, Odense, Denmark
| | - Navid Mohamadpour Toyserkani
- Department of Plastic Surgery, OUH, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit for Plastic Surgery, Department of Clinical Research, SDU, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Sabrina Toft Hansen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Urology, OUH, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Lund
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Urology, OUH, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, OUH, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Ahm Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Plastic Surgery, OUH, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit for Plastic Surgery, Department of Clinical Research, SDU, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte Caroline Andersen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital (OUH), Odense, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Harken Jensen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital (OUH), Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Paludan Sheikh
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital (OUH), Odense, Denmark.
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Cell–scaffold interactions in tissue engineering for oral and craniofacial reconstruction. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:16-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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A novel sprayable thermosensitive hydrogel coupled with zinc modified metformin promotes the healing of skin wound. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:610-626. [PMID: 35846848 PMCID: PMC9256661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel sprayable adhesive is established (ZnMet-PF127) by the combination of a thermosensitive hydrogel (Pluronic F127, PF127) and a coordination complex of zinc and metformin (ZnMet). Here we demonstrate that ZnMet-PF127 potently promotes the healing of traumatic skin defect and burn skin injury by promoting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, collagen formation. Furthermore, we find that ZnMet could inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through activation of autophagy, thereby protecting cell from oxidative stress induced damage and promoting healing of skin wound. ZnMet complex exerts better effects on promoting skin wound healing than ZnCl2 or metformin alone. ZnMet complex also displays excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli, which could reduce the incidence of skin wound infections. Collectively, we demonstrate that sprayable PF127 could be used as a new drug delivery system for treatment of skin injury. The advantages of this sprayable system are obvious: (1) It is convenient to use; (2) The hydrogel can cover irregular skin defect sites evenly in a liquid state. In combination with this system, we establish a novel sprayable adhesive (ZnMet-PF127) and demonstrate that it is a potential clinical treatment for traumatic skin defect and burn skin injury.
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Shi J, Dai W, Gupta A, Zhang B, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Pan L, Wang L. Frontiers of Hydroxyapatite Composites in Bionic Bone Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15238475. [PMID: 36499970 PMCID: PMC9738134 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects caused by various factors may cause morphological and functional disorders that can seriously affect patient's quality of life. Autologous bone grafting is morbid, involves numerous complications, and provides limited volume at donor site. Hence, tissue-engineered bone is a better alternative for repair of bone defects and for promoting a patient's functional recovery. Besides good biocompatibility, scaffolding materials represented by hydroxyapatite (HA) composites in tissue-engineered bone also have strong ability to guide bone regeneration. The development of manufacturing technology and advances in material science have made HA composite scaffolding more closely related to the composition and mechanical properties of natural bone. The surface morphology and pore diameter of the scaffold material are more important for cell proliferation, differentiation, and nutrient exchange. The degradation rate of the composite scaffold should match the rate of osteogenesis, and the loading of cells/cytokine is beneficial to promote the formation of new bone. In conclusion, there is no doubt that a breakthrough has been made in composition, mechanical properties, and degradation of HA composites. Biomimetic tissue-engineered bone based on vascularization and innervation show a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcun Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wufei Dai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Research Institute of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgey, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Anand Gupta
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh 160017, India
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ziqian Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lisha Pan
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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10
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Li S, Cui Y, Liu H, Tian Y, Wang G, Fan Y, Wang J, Wu D, Wang Y. Application of bioactive metal ions in the treatment of bone defects. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9369-9388. [PMID: 36378123 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01684b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of bone defects is an important problem in clinical practice. The rapid development of bone tissue engineering (BTE) may provide a new method for bone defect treatment. Metal ions have been widely studied in BTE and demonstrated a significant effect in promoting bone tissue growth. Different metal ions can be used to treat bone defects according to specific conditions, including promoting osteogenic activity, inhibiting osteoclast activity, promoting vascular growth, and exerting certain antibacterial effects. Multiple studies have confirmed that metal ions-modified composite scaffolds can effectively promote bone defect healing. By studying current extensive research on metal ions in the treatment of bone defects, this paper reviews the mechanism of metal ions in promoting bone tissue growth, analyzes the loading mode of metal ions, and lists some specific applications of metal ions in different types of bone defects. Finally, this paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of metal ions and analyzes the future research trend of metal ions in BTE. This article can provide some new strategies and methods for future research and applications of metal ions in the treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaorong Li
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
| | - Yutao Cui
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
| | - He Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
| | - Yuhang Tian
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
| | - Gan Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Fan
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
| | - Dankai Wu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
| | - Yanbing Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China.
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11
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Chen P, Liu Y, Liu W, Wang Y, Liu Z, Rong M. Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:842800. [PMID: 35620712 PMCID: PMC9127390 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaching areas at altitudes over 2,500–3,000 m above sea level has become increasingly common due to commerce, military deployment, tourism, and entertainment. The high-altitude environment exerts systemic effects on humans that represent a series of compensatory reactions and affects the activity of bone cells. Cellular structures closely related to oxygen-sensing produce corresponding functional changes, resulting in decreased tissue vascularization, declined repair ability of bone defects, and longer healing time. This review focuses on the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on bone defect repair and discusses the possible mechanisms related to ion channels, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and epigenetics. Based on the key pathogenic mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies have also been suggested. This review contributes novel insights into the mechanisms of abnormal bone defect repair in hypoxic environments, along with therapeutic applications. We aim to provide a foundation for future targeted, personalized, and precise bone regeneration therapies according to the adaptation of patients to high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chen
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Liu
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingdeng Rong
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Rinderknecht H, Nussler AK, Steinestel K, Histing T, Ehnert S. Smoking Impairs Hematoma Formation and Dysregulates Angiogenesis as the First Steps of Fracture Healing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050186. [PMID: 35621464 PMCID: PMC9137559 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone fracture healing is an overly complex process in which inflammation, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis are tightly coupled, and delayed fracture repair is a very common health risk. One of the major causes of delayed healing is the formation of insufficient vasculature. Precise regulation of blood vessels in bone and their interplay with especially osteogenic processes has become an emerging topic within the last years; nevertheless, regulation of angiogenesis in (early) diseased fracture repair is still widely unknown. Here, we aim to develop an in vitro model for the analysis of early fracture healing which also enables the analysis of angiogenesis as a main influencing factor. As smoking is one of the main risk factors for bone fractures and developing a delay in healing, we model smoking and non-smoking conditions in vitro to analyze diverging reactions. Human in vitro fracture hematomas mimicking smokers’ and non-smokers’ hematomas were produced and analyzed regarding cell viability, inflammation, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, and angiogenic potential. We could show that smokers’ blood hematomas were viable and comparable to non-smokers. Smokers’ hematomas showed an increase in inflammation and a decrease in osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential. When analyzing angiogenesis, we could show that the smokers’ hematomas secrete factors that drastically reduced HUVEC proliferation and tube formation. With an angiogenesis array and gene expression analysis, we could identify the main influencing factors: Anpgt1/2, Tie2, and VEGFR2/3. In conclusion, our model is suitable to mimic smoking conditions in vitro showing that smoking negatively impacts early vascularization of newly formed tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Rinderknecht
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Center, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.R.); (A.K.N.); (T.H.)
| | - Andreas K. Nussler
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Center, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.R.); (A.K.N.); (T.H.)
| | - Konrad Steinestel
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Tina Histing
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Center, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.R.); (A.K.N.); (T.H.)
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Center, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.R.); (A.K.N.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Nambiar J, Jana S, Nandi SK. Strategies for Enhancing Vascularization of Biomaterial-Based Scaffold in Bone Regeneration. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200008. [PMID: 35352873 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in reconstructive orthopedics; fracture union is a challenge to bone regeneration. Concurrent angiogenesis is a complex process governed by events, delicately entwined with osteogenesis. However, poorly perfused scaffolds have lower success rates; necessitating the need for a better vascular component, which is important for the delivery of nutrients, oxygen, waste elimination, recruitment of cells for optimal bone repair. This review highlights the latest strategies to promote biomaterial-based scaffold vascularization by incorporation of cells, growth factors, inorganic ions, etc. into natural or synthetic polymers, ceramic materials, or composites of organic and inorganic compounds. Furthermore, it emphasizes structural modifications, biophysical stimuli, and natural molecules to fabricate scaffolds aiding the genesis of dense vascularization following their implantation to manifest a compatible regenerative microenvironment without graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Nambiar
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, India
| | - Sonali Jana
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, India
| | - Samit Kumar Nandi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, India
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14
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Wall shear stress on vascular smooth muscle cells exerts angiogenic effects on extracranial arteriovenous malformations. Arch Plast Surg 2022; 49:115-120. [PMID: 35086320 PMCID: PMC8795650 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2021.00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are subject to continuous shear stress because of blood circulation. The angiogenic properties of VSMCs in extracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may exceed those of normal blood vessels if the body responds more sensitively to mechanical stimuli. This study was performed to investigate the hypothesis that rapid angiogenesis may be achieved by mechanical shear stress. Methods VSMCs were obtained from six patients who had AVMs and six normal controls. The target genes were set to angiopoietin-2 (AGP2), aquaporin-1 (AQP1), and transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1). Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR were implemented to identify the expression levels for target genes. Immunofluorescence was also conducted. Results Under the shear stress condition, mean relative quantity values of AGP2, AQP1, and TGFBR1 in AVM tissues were 1.927±0.528, 1.291±0.031, and 2.284±1.461 when compared with neutral conditions. The expression levels of all three genes in AVMs were higher than those in normal tissue except for AQP1 under shear stress conditions. Immunofluorescence also revealed increased staining of shear stress-induced genes in the normal tissue and in AVM tissue. Conclusions Shear stress made the VSMCs of AVMs more sensitive. Although the pathogenesis of AVMs remains unclear, our study showed that biomechanical stimulation imposed by shear stress may aggravate angiogenesis in AVMs.
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15
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Li X, Wen Y, Sheng L, Guo R, Zhang Y, Shao L. Icariin activates autophagy to trigger TGFβ1 upregulation and promote angiogenesis in EA.hy926 human vascular endothelial cells. Bioengineered 2021; 13:164-177. [PMID: 34847836 PMCID: PMC8805869 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2011637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an important role in tissue development and repair, and how to regulate angiogenesis effectively is a widely studied problem in the biomedical field. In recent years, the role of autophagy in vascular endothelial cells has attracted extensive attention. Icariin (ICA) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been proven to have outstanding protective effects on the vascular system and to regulate cellular autophagy effectively. However, at present, it has not been reported whether ICA can affect the angiogenic ability of endothelial cells by affecting autophagy. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether ICA affects the angiogenesis capacity of EA.hy926 human vascular endothelial cells through autophagy and explain the underlying potential mechanisms. First, we determined that ICA at appropriate concentrations has the ability to promote cell migration and angiogenesis using wound healing assays and tube formation assays. Then, at the molecular level, we observed the upregulation of VEGFA, VEGFR2, ANGI, ANGII, and Tie2 mRNA and detected the upregulation of TGFβ1 protein by Western blotting. We also demonstrated that angiogenic concentrations of ICA can effectively activate autophagy. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA significantly suppressed TGFβ1 expression and tube formation in EA.hy926 cells. Overall, we hope that our studies might help to further understand the effect of ICA on vascular endothelial cells and provide a theoretical basis for future angiogenic applications of ICA
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Li
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, PR China
| | - Yujie Wen
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, PR China
| | - Liyuan Sheng
- Shenzhen Institute, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Ryu JY, Kim YH, Lee JS, Lee JW, Oh EJ, Kim HM, Lee SJ, Lee J, Lee SY, Huh S, Kim JY, Im S, Chung HY. Oscillatory shear stress promotes angiogenic effects in arteriovenous malformations endothelial cells. Mol Med 2021; 27:31. [PMID: 33789563 PMCID: PMC8011119 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are subject to continuous shear stress due to blood circulation. Mechanical stress due to high shear flow can also cause arteriovenous malformation (AVM) when ECs respond hyper-sensitively to shear flow. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that angiogenesis could be promoted in response to mechanical stress via regulation of pro-angiogenic factors in AVM cells. Methods ECs were extracted from the tissue samples from six AVM patients and six normal patients. Shear stress at 7 dynes/cm2 were applied for 24 h. Before and after application of shear stress to each group, RT-PCR was performed to access the expression levels of angiopoietin2(AGP2), aquaporin1(AQP1) and TGFβR1. Immunofluorescences was also performed to evaluate the level of protein expressions. Results In both normal and AVM tissues, AGP2 and TGFβR1 under the shear stress showed increased expression in the ECs compared to the non-sheared samples. When AVMs and normal arterial vasculature were compared, the expression levels of both AGP2 and TGFβR1 in AVMs were higher when compared to normal arterial vasculature with or without shear stress. Immunofluorescence-based protein analysis also confirmed shear-induced AGP2 and TGFβR1 in both samples of normal and AVM patients. Conclusions AVMs exhibited higher sensitivity to shear stress by producing higher expressions of some marked genes and proteins that regulate the endothelial functions upon exposure to shear stress. While the physiological mechanism for AVMs remain elusive, our study shows the plausibility of physical stress imposed by the shearing flow can cause the occurrence of AVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yeop Ryu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Yun Hyun Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Joon Seok Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea.,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Hyun Mi Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea.,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Seok-Jong Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Jongmin Lee
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Sang Yub Lee
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Seung Huh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Saewon Im
- School of Business Administration, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Korea
| | - Ho Yun Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea. .,Cell & Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Korea.
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17
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Menger MM, Laschke MW, Orth M, Pohlemann T, Menger MD, Histing T. Vascularization Strategies in the Prevention of Nonunion Formation. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:107-132. [PMID: 32635857 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Delayed healing and nonunion formation are major challenges in orthopedic surgery, which require the development of novel treatment strategies. Vascularization is considered one of the major prerequisites for successful bone healing, providing an adequate nutrient supply and allowing the infiltration of progenitor cells to the fracture site. Hence, during the last decade, a considerable number of studies have focused on the evaluation of vascularization strategies to prevent or to treat nonunion formation. These involve (1) biophysical applications, (2) systemic pharmacological interventions, and (3) tissue engineering, including sophisticated scaffold materials, local growth factor delivery systems, cell-based techniques, and surgical vascularization approaches. Accumulating evidence indicates that in nonunions, these strategies are indeed capable of improving the process of bone healing. The major challenge for the future will now be the translation of these strategies into clinical practice to make them accessible for the majority of patients. If this succeeds, these vascularization strategies may markedly reduce the incidence of nonunion formation. Impact statement Delayed healing and nonunion formation are a major clinical problem in orthopedic surgery. This review provides an overview of vascularization strategies for the prevention and treatment of nonunions. The successful translation of these strategies in clinical practice is of major importance to achieve adequate bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian M Menger
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Orth
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tim Pohlemann
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tina Histing
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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18
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Carlisle P, Marrs J, Gaviria L, Silliman DT, Decker JF, Brown Baer P, Guda T. Quantifying Vascular Changes Surrounding Bone Regeneration in a Porcine Mandibular Defect Using Computed Tomography. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 25:721-731. [PMID: 31850839 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical process essential for optimal bone healing. Several in vitro and in vivo systems have been previously used to elucidate some of the mechanisms involved in the process of angiogenesis, and at the same time, to test potential therapeutic agents and bioactive factors that play important roles in neovascularization. Computed tomography (CT) is a noninvasive imaging technique that has recently allowed investigators to obtain a diverse range of high-resolution, three-dimensional characterization of structures, such as bone formation within bony defects. Unfortunately, to date, angiogenesis evaluation relies primarily on histology, or ex vivo imaging and few studies have utilized CT to qualitatively and quantitatively study the vascular response during bone repair. In the current study a clinical CT-based technique was used to evaluate the effects of rhBMP-2 eluting graft treatment on soft tissue vascular architecture surrounding a large segmental bone defect model in the minipig mandible. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of contrast-enhanced, clinical 64-slice CT technology in extracting quantitative metrics of vascular architecture over a 12-week period. The results of this study show that the presence of rhBMP-2 had a positive effect on vessel volume from 4 to 12 weeks, which was explained by a concurrent increase in vessel number, which was also significantly higher at 4 weeks for the rhBMP-2 treatment. More importantly, analysis of vessel architecture showed no changes throughout the duration of the study, indicating therapeutic safety. This study validates CT analysis as a relevant imaging method for quantitative and qualitative analysis of morphological characteristics of vascular tissue around a bone healing site. Also important, the study shows that CT technology can be used in large animal models and potentially be translated into clinical models for the development of improved methods to evaluate tissue healing and vascular adaptation processes over the course of therapy. This methodology has demonstrated sensitivity to tracking spatial and temporal changes in vascularization and has the potential to be applied to studying changes in other high-contrast tissues as well. Impact Statement Tissue engineering solutions depend on the surrounding tissue response to support regeneration. The inflammatory environment and surrounding vascular supply are critical to determining if therapies will survive, engraftment occurs, and native physiology is restored. This study for the first time evaluates the blood vessel network changes in surrounding soft tissue to a bone defect site in a large animal model, using clinically available computed tomography tools and model changes in vessel number, size, and architecture. While this study focuses on rhBMP2 delivery impacting surrounding vasculature, this validated method can be extended to studying the vascular network changes in other tissues as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Carlisle
- Dental Trauma and Research Detachment, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas.,Prytime Medical Devices, Inc., Boerne, Texas
| | - Jeffrey Marrs
- Dental Trauma and Research Detachment, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas.,School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Laura Gaviria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas
| | - David T Silliman
- Dental Trauma and Research Detachment, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas
| | - John F Decker
- Dental Trauma and Research Detachment, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Pamela Brown Baer
- Dental Trauma and Research Detachment, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas.,Clinical Operations and New Product Commercialization, GenCure, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Teja Guda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas
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19
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Rezk AI, Bhattarai DP, Park J, Park CH, Kim CS. Polyaniline-coated titanium oxide nanoparticles and simvastatin-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) composite nanofibers scaffold for bone tissue regeneration application. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 192:111007. [PMID: 32388027 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers loaded with polyaniline coated titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2/PANI) and simvastatin (SIM) drug were produced by the electrospinning method. As-prepared samples were investigated in terms of morphology characterization, mechanical properties, physiochemical properties, drug release, biomimetic mineralization, and biocompatibility. in vitro drug release studies were conducted in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at pH 7.4. The results suggest that varying the concentrations of TiO2/PANI nanoparticles could change the rate of drug release. The release mechanism was studied using several kinetic models, including the Higuchi model, the Hixson-Crowell model, and the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, to clarify the mechanism of SIM release from the composite nanofibers. The assessment of in vitro mineralization of the composite nanofibers for the growth of hydroxyapatite was performed in simulated body fluid (SBF). Field scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imagery and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses indicated that after soaking in SBF, a hydroxyapatite layer was formed on the surface of the nanofibrous webs. These novel composite nanofibers release simvastatin in a controlled manner with profound cell proliferation and attachment compared to that in pure PCL nanofiber, which indicates their potential for bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman I Rezk
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Deval Prasad Bhattarai
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Amrit Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jeesoo Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Biological Factors, Metals, and Biomaterials Regulating Osteogenesis through Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082789. [PMID: 32316424 PMCID: PMC7215394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone loss raises great concern in numerous situations, such as ageing and many diseases and in both orthopedic and dentistry fields of application, with an extensive impact on health care. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms and the determinants that can regulate osteogenesis and ensure bone balance. Autophagy is a well conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, which is known to be highly active during differentiation and development. This review provides a revision of the literature on all the exogen factors that can modulate osteogenesis through autophagy regulation. Metal ion exposition, mechanical stimuli, and biological factors, including hormones, nutrients, and metabolic conditions, were taken into consideration for their ability to tune osteogenic differentiation through autophagy. In addition, an exhaustive overview of biomaterials, both for orthopedic and dentistry applications, enhancing osteogenesis by modulation of the autophagic process is provided as well. Already investigated conditions regulating bone regeneration via autophagy need to be better understood for finely tailoring innovative therapeutic treatments and designing novel biomaterials.
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21
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Burska AN, Giannoudis PV, Tan BH, Ilas D, Jones E, Ponchel F. Dynamics of Early Signalling Events during Fracture Healing and Potential Serum Biomarkers of Fracture Non-Union in Humans. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020492. [PMID: 32054088 PMCID: PMC7073571 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To characterise the dynamic of events during the early phases of fracture repair in humans, we investigated molecular events using gene expression profiling of bone fragments from the fracture site at different time points after trauma and immune/stromal cells recruitment at the fracture site using flow cytometry. Bone and inflammatory markers were expressed at low levels at homeostasis, while transcripts for bone constituent proteins were consistently detected at higher levels. Early after fracture (range 2-4 days), increased expression of CXCL12, suggested recruitment of immune cells associated with a change in the balance of degradation enzymes and their inhibitors. At intermediate time after fracture (4-8 days), we observed high expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL1-beta, IL6), CCL2, the T-cell activation marker CD69. Late after fracture (8-14 days), high expression of factors co-operating towards the regulation of bone turnover was detected. We identified potential soluble factors and explored circulating levels in patients for whom a union/non-union (U/NU) outcome was known. This showed a clear difference for PlGF (p = 0.003) at day 1. These findings can inform future studies further investigating the cascade of molecular events following fractures and for the prediction of fracture non-union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata N. Burska
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.N.B.); (B.H.T.); (D.I.); (E.J.); (F.P.)
| | - Peter V. Giannoudis
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.N.B.); (B.H.T.); (D.I.); (E.J.); (F.P.)
- Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (LTHT), Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Boon Hiang Tan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.N.B.); (B.H.T.); (D.I.); (E.J.); (F.P.)
- Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (LTHT), Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Dragos Ilas
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.N.B.); (B.H.T.); (D.I.); (E.J.); (F.P.)
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.N.B.); (B.H.T.); (D.I.); (E.J.); (F.P.)
| | - Frederique Ponchel
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.N.B.); (B.H.T.); (D.I.); (E.J.); (F.P.)
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22
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Lorenzo-Pouso AI, Castelo-Baz P, Pérez-Sayáns M, Lim J, Leira Y. Autophagy in periodontal disease: Evidence from a literature review. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 102:55-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Akwii RG, Sajib MS, Zahra FT, Mikelis CM. Role of Angiopoietin-2 in Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050471. [PMID: 31108880 PMCID: PMC6562915 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietins 1–4 (Ang1–4) represent an important family of growth factors, whose activities are mediated through the tyrosine kinase receptors, Tie1 and Tie2. The best characterized are angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang2). Ang1 is a potent angiogenic growth factor signaling through Tie2, whereas Ang2 was initially identified as a vascular disruptive agent with antagonistic activity through the same receptor. Recent data demonstrates that Ang2 has context-dependent agonist activities. Ang2 plays important roles in physiological processes and the deregulation of its expression is characteristic of several diseases. In this review, we summarize the activity of Ang2 on blood and lymphatic endothelial cells, its significance in human physiology and disease, and provide a current view of the molecular signaling pathways regulated by Ang2 in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racheal G Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| | - Md S Sajib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| | - Fatema T Zahra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
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24
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Lowe B, Ottensmeyer MP, Xu C, He Y, Ye Q, Troulis MJ. The Regenerative Applicability of Bioactive Glass and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Transformation Perspective. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:E16. [PMID: 30909518 PMCID: PMC6463135 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The conventional applicability of biomaterials in the field of bone tissue engineering takes into consideration several key parameters to achieve desired results for prospective translational use. Hence, several engineering strategies have been developed to model in the regenerative parameters of different forms of biomaterials, including bioactive glass and β-tricalcium phosphate. This review examines the different ways these two materials are transformed and assembled with other regenerative factors to improve their application for bone tissue engineering. We discuss the role of the engineering strategy used and the regenerative responses and mechanisms associated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baboucarr Lowe
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Mark P Ottensmeyer
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Yan He
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Maria J Troulis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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