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Oral Supplementation and Systemic Drugs for Skin Aging: A Narrative Review. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2023; 114:114-124. [PMID: 36206809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors and involves multiple pathogenic mechanisms. The most widely used treatments are topical products and minimally invasive procedures. Evidence on the benefits of systemic therapy is limited for several reasons: Reliance on mostly small and predominantly female samples, short study durations, methodologic heterogeneity, and a lack of consensus on which outcome measures are clinically relevant. Furthermore, systemic drugs and oral supplements are not without adverse effects. Oral hydrolyzed collagen and oral hyaluronic acid are well tolerated, and numerous clinical trials show they can mitigate some signs of skin aging. Low-dose oral isotretinoin is another option, but it has a higher risk of adverse effects. Evidence is lacking on the effects of the many dietary supplements on offer, such as vitamins, flavonoids, plant extracts, and trace elements. The future of skin aging management would appear to lie in the use of senolytic and senomorphic agents targeting senescent cells in the skin.
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[Translated article] Oral Supplementation and Systemic Drugs for Skin Aging: A Narrative Review. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2023; 114:T114-T124. [PMID: 36464003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors and involves multiple pathogenic mechanisms. The most widely used treatments are topical products and minimally invasive procedures. Evidence on the benefits of systemic therapy is limited for several reasons: reliance on mostly small and predominantly female samples, short study durations, methodologic heterogeneity, and a lack of consensus on which outcome measures are clinically relevant. Furthermore, systemic drugs and oral supplements are not without adverse effects. Oral hydrolyzed collagen and oral hyaluronic acid are well tolerated, and numerous clinical trials show they can mitigate some signs of skin aging. Low-dose oral isotretinoin is another option, but it has a higher risk of adverse effects. Evidence is lacking on the effects of the many dietary supplements on offer, such as vitamins, flavonoids, plant extracts, and trace elements. The future of skin aging management would appear to lie in the use of senolytic and senomorphic agents targeting senescent cells in the skin.
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Botsali A, Esme P, Erbil H, Caliskan E. Comparison of fractional erbium:YAG laser-assisted tranexamic acid delivery alone and in combination with oral tranexamic acid in melasma. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2823-2830. [PMID: 35347552 PMCID: PMC8960089 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tranexamic acid (TA) emerged as a promising agent for melasma. However, due to its hydrophilic structure, topical TA should be combined with a penetration-enhancing strategy to augment efficacy. To evaluate the efficacy of fractional erbium:YAG laser-assisted delivery (LAD) of topical TA 5% either with or without oral TA treatment in recalcitrant melasma patients. The authors retrospectively assessed the treatment outcomes of melasma patients treated by fractional erbium:YAG LAD of topical TA 5%. Patients receiving a standard protocol including four biweekly laser sessions were eligible. The study included two groups: group 1 patients received oral TA and LAD of topical TA 5%, and group 2 patients received only LAD of topical TA 5%. Two blinded dermatologists reported pre-treatment and post-treatment modified MASI (mMASI) scores. Mean mMASI scores in both group 1 (n = 15) and group 2 (n = 19) were significantly lower at the end of the treatment than baseline values (p = 0.001; p = 0.022, respectively). The decrease of mMASI scores were higher in group 1 (median = 2.1) (64.7%) than in group 2 (median = 1.2) (41.8%) (p = 0.027). Fractional erbium:YAG LAD of topical TA 5% is an efficient treatment regimen for melasma patients recalcitrant to conventional treatment approaches. The implementation of oral TA to this regimen improves the therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysenur Botsali
- Department of Dermatology, Gülhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, General Dr. Tevfik Sağlam Cad, SBÜ Gülhane EAH Dermatoloji AD, 06030, Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Pelin Esme
- Department of Dermatology, Gülhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, General Dr. Tevfik Sağlam Cad, SBÜ Gülhane EAH Dermatoloji AD, 06030, Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Erbil
- Dr. Hakan Erbil, Private Clinic, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ercan Caliskan
- Department of Dermatology, Gülhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, General Dr. Tevfik Sağlam Cad, SBÜ Gülhane EAH Dermatoloji AD, 06030, Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey
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de Assis LVM, Castrucci AMDL. Comments regarding Hiramoto et al. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:1379-1380. [PMID: 34468972 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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p53 and clock genes play an important role in memory and learning ability depression due to long-term ultraviolet A eye irradiation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:677-685. [PMID: 34009633 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term ultraviolet A (UVA) eye irradiation decreases memory and learning ability in mice. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVES In this study, ICR mice were used to study the effects of long-term UVA eye irradiation. METHODS The eyes of mice were exposed to UVA from an FL20SBLB-A lamp three times a week for 1 year. Then, we analyzed memory and learning ability in the mice using water maze and step-through passive avoidance tests, and measured the levels of p53, Period2 (Per2), Clock, brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1), nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT) activity, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) activity, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) in the brains of treated and control animals. RESULTS The results showed that the p53 level increased significantly following long-term UVA eye irradiation, whereas the levels of Period2, Bmal1, Clock, NMNAT and NAMPT activities, NAD+, and Sirt1 decreased significantly. Furthermore, we found that p53 inhibition ameliorated the UVA eye irradiation-induced depression of memory and learning ability. CONCLUSION These results indicate that long-term UVA eye irradiation stimulates p53, inhibits the clock gene, and reduces Sirt1 production in the NAD+ constructional system, resulting in reduced memory and learning ability.
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Liu W, Wang F, Li C, Otkur W, Hayashi T, Mizuno K, Hattori S, Fujisaki H, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Silibinin treatment protects human skin cells from UVB injury through upregulation of estrogen receptors. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 216:112147. [PMID: 33561689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) from the sunlight is a major environmental cause for human skin damages, inducing cell death, inflammation, senescence and even carcinogenesis. The natural flavonoid silibinin, clinically used as liver protectant, has protective effects against UVB-caused skin injury in vivo and in vitro. Silibinin is often classified as a phytoestrogen, because it modulates the activation of estrogen receptors (ERs). However, whether silibinin's estrogenic effect contributes to the skin protection against UVB injury remains to be elucidated. The issue was explored in this study by using the human foreskin dermal fibroblasts (HFF) and human non-malignant immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). In HFF, pre-treatment with silibinin rescued UVB-irradiated cells from apoptosis. Interestingly, silibinin increased the whole cellular and nuclear levels of ERα and ERβ in UVB-irradiated cells. Activation of ERs by treatment with estradiol elevated the cell survival and reduced apoptosis in UVB-treated cells. ERα agonist increased cell survival, while its antagonist decreased it. ERβ agonist also increased cell survival, but the antagonist had no effect on cell survival. Transfection of the cells with the small interfering RNAs (si-RNAs) to ERα or ERβ diminished the protective effect of silibinin on UVB-irradiated cells. In UVB-treated HaCaT cells, both ERα and ERβ were increased by silibinin treatment. Inhibition of activation and expression of ERα or ERβ by specific antagonists and si-RNAs, respectively, reduced cell survival in UVB-treated HaCaT cells regardless of silibinin treatment. Taken together, it is summarized that silibinin up-regulates both ERα and ERβ pathways in UVB-treated dermal HFF cells and epidermal HaCaT cells, leading to protection of skin from UVB-damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Can Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Wuxiyar Otkur
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China; Department of Chemistry and Life science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakanomachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan; Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujisaki
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Satoshi Onodera
- Medical Research Institute of Curing Mibyo, 1-6-28 Narusedai Mechida Tokyo, 194-0042, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China.
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Hiramoto K, Yamate Y, Matsuda K, Sugiyama D, Iizuka Y. Tranexamic Acid Improves Memory and Learning Abilities in Aging Mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2020; 12:653-663. [PMID: 33376415 PMCID: PMC7755347 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s284532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although the onset mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease, which co-occurs with aging, has been extensively studied, no effective methods that improve the decline in memory and learning abilities following aging have been developed. Tranexamic acid provided promising results for ameliorating photo-aging and extending the natural lifespan. However, it is unknown whether it affects the decline in memory and learning abilities due to aging. In this study, we examined the effect of tranexamic acid on memory and learning abilities of naturally aging mice. Methods ICR mice were orally administered with tranexamic acid (12 mg/kg/day) three times weekly for 2 years, and their memory and learning abilities were compared between the tranexamic acid-treated and non-treated groups. Results The decline in memory and learning abilities due to aging was ameliorated by tranexamic acid administration. The expression of plasmin and amyloid-β decreased following the treatment with tranexamic acid. Furthermore, the number of M1-type brain macrophages diminished and that of M2 macrophages increased. In addition, administration of tranexamic acid decreased the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, while it increased the levels of IL-10 and transforming growth factor-α in the brain. Conclusion These results indicated that tranexamic acid suppressed the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines aging M1-type macrophages, thereby improving age-related memory and learning abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan
| | - Yurika Yamate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan
| | - Kazunari Matsuda
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., LTD, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 103-8234, Japan
| | - Daijiro Sugiyama
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., LTD, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 103-8234, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Iizuka
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., LTD, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 103-8234, Japan
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Hiramoto K, Oikawa H, Yamate Y, Sato EF. Tranexamic Acid Protects Ovary and Testis Functions and Ameliorates Osteoporosis in Mice. Pharmacology 2020; 105:652-661. [PMID: 32348988 DOI: 10.1159/000506233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In a rapidly aging society, the number of people suffering from osteoporosis keeps increasing. However, effective prevention strategies for osteoporosis are not yet currently available. OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined the ameliorative effects of tranexamic acid on osteoporosis in 24-month-old mice. METHODS During the study period, mice were orally administered tranexamic acid 3 times per week. RESULTS Bone mineral density, which is a parameter of osteoporosis, was improved following tranexamic acid administration. In addition, female mice evidenced a stronger phenotypic improvement than male mice. In female mice treated with tranexamic acid, ovary abnormalities were reduced. Furthermore, the levels of transforming growth factor-β, hyaluronic acid, CD44, reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis, as well as the number of infiltrated neutrophils and macrophages in the ovary were lower than those in the control or solvent-administered mice. In addition, 17β-estradiol levels in blood increased when compared with the control or solvent-treated mice. In addition, administration of tranexamic acid to 24-month-old male mice decreased the level of apoptosis in the testis. However, the levels of 17β-estradiol and testosterone in blood increased compared with the control or solvent-administered mice. CONCLUSIONS The use of tranexamic acid had an ameliorative effect on osteoporosis, possibly by protecting ovaries and testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan,
| | - Hirotaka Oikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Yurika Yamate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Eisuke F Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
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Hiramoto K, Yamate Y, Sugiyama D, Matsuda K, Iizuka Y, Yamaguchi T. Effect of tranexamic acid in improving the lifespan of naturally aging mice. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:1319-1323. [PMID: 31236768 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00616-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An effective method to improve lifespan is not known. Therefore, in this study, we examined the lifespan-extending effect of tranexamic acid in normal mice. We bred hairless mice without exposure to ultraviolet radiation and psychical stress until they died naturally. During the study period, the mice were orally administered tranexamic acid (12 mg/kg/day) three times weekly. An increase in the lifespan of mice was observed by tranexamic acid administration. Furthermore, age-related diseases of the skin were ameliorated by tranexamic acid administration. Moreover, the blood level of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 was decreased by tranexamic acid administration. These results indicate that tranexamic acid suppresses the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, MMP-9, and ROS induced by natural aging, ameliorating age-related diseases, and, consequently, extending the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3, Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie, 513-8670, Japan.
| | - Yurika Yamate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3, Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie, 513-8670, Japan
| | - Daijiro Sugiyama
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunari Matsuda
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Iizuka
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamaguchi
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Hiramoto K, Yamate Y, Sugiyama D, Matsuda K, Iizuka Y, Yamaguchi T. Ameliorative effect of tranexamic acid on physiological skin aging and its sex difference in mice. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 311:545-553. [PMID: 31147768 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01938-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An effective method to protect the skin from natural aging is unknown. Therefore, in this study, we examined the ameliorative effects of tranexamic acid on natural skin aging. In addition, we examined the sex difference in the effect exhibited by tranexamic acid. We bred hairless mice without ultraviolet ray irradiation and physical stress for 2 years. During the study period, mice were orally administered tranexamic acid (12 mg/kg/day) three times per week. Development of signs of skin aging was found to be ameliorated by tranexamic acid. Furthermore, synthetic inhibition of plasmin was observed following tranexamic acid treatment. The synthetic reinforcement of hyaluronic acid by an increase in the number of epidermal cells and the degradative inhibition of extracellular matrix (ECM) by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) suppression were observed. These results indicate that natural skin aging was ameliorated by tranexamic acid via the regulation of the plasmin/TGF-β/epidermal cells/hyaluronic acid and plasmin/MMPs/ECM signal transmission pathways. Taken together, sex difference was observed for the ameliorative effect of tranexamic acid on skin aging, with a stronger effect observed in females than in males. More importantly, we found that the synthesis of hyaluronic acid was stronger in female mice than in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie, 513-8670, Japan.
| | - Yurika Yamate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie, 513-8670, Japan
| | - Daijiro Sugiyama
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., LTD., 3-14-10 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8234, Japan
| | - Kazunari Matsuda
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., LTD., 3-14-10 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8234, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Iizuka
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., LTD., 3-14-10 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8234, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamaguchi
- R&D Department, Daiichi Sankyo Healthcare Co., LTD., 3-14-10 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8234, Japan
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