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Yang J, Li J, Yang L, Guo R. Alkannin reverses lipopolysaccharides-induced inflammatory responses by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B signalling. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14936-14946. [PMID: 37105673 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2184455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that seriously affects human health worldwide. Meanwhile, inflammation in RAW264.7 cells could lead to the progression of RA. Alkannin (ALK) is derived from Alkanna tinctoria and is known to exert anti-tumor effects. However, the function of ALK in inflammation of RAW264.7 cells remains unclear. Thus, this research sought to investigate the detailed function of ALK in inflammatory responses of RAW264.7 cells. To induce an inflammatory response, RAW264.7 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MTT assay was applied to examine cell viability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying ALK function in inflammatory responses was investigated using RT-qPCR and western blotting. The data revealed that LPS significantly increased the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), Interleukin (IL)-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6, whereas ALK reversed this effect. ALK also restored LPS-induced nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation by inhibiting the downregulation of p-inhibitor kappa B alpha (IκBα). LPS elevated p-extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), and phosphorylated -c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) levels, which were markedly decreased in the presence of ALK. In summary, Alkannin attenuated LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Thus, our research might provide a new theoretical basis for exploring new strategies against RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Product on Storage and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanzhu Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruohui Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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Hsa_circ_0010957 knockdown attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced HK2 cell injury by regulating the miR-1224-5p/IRAK1 axis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:314-324. [PMID: 34764803 PMCID: PMC8574102 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.108772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the progression of various diseases, including lupus nephritis. Hsa_circ_0010957 is reported to be dysregulated in lupus nephritis, but the exact function of this circRNA is unknown. This research aims to study the function and mechanism of circRNA hsa_circ_0010957 in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cellular model of lupus nephritis. Human renal proximal tubular cell line HK2 cells were challenged by LPS. Hsa_circ_0010957, microRNA-1224-5p (miR-1224-5p), and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) abundances were examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or western blot. LPS-induced damage was evaluated via cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory response and oxidative injury. The target interaction was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter analysis and RNA immunoprecipitation. Hsa_circ_0010957 abundance was enhanced in LPS-challenged HK2 cells. Hsa_circ_0010957 knockdown alleviated LPS-induced apoptosis, the inflammatory response and oxidative injury in HK2 cells. MiR-1224-5p was targeted by hsa_circ_0010957, and miR-1224-5p knockdown reversed the influence of hsa_circ_0010957 silence on LPS-induced injury. IRAK1 was targeted via miR-1224-5p, and hsa_circ_0010957 could regulate IRAK1 by miR-1224-5p. MiR-1224-5p overexpression could mitigate LPS-induced apoptosis, the inflammatory response and oxidative injury, and this effect was abolished by IRAK1. Hsa_circ_0010957 silence weakened LPS-induced HK2 cell apoptosis, the inflammatory response and oxidative injury via regulating the miR-1224-5p/IRAK1 axis.
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Zhang LH, Jiang SZ, Guo X, Xiao B, Li Q, Chen JY, Huang JR, Rao H. MiR-146b-5p targets IFI35 to inhibit inflammatory response and apoptosis via JAK1/STAT1 signalling in lipopolysaccharide-induced glomerular cells. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:430-438. [PMID: 34435525 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2020.1864730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in the malignancy of lupus nephritis (LN). This work aims to analyse the effect and mechanism of miR-146b-5p in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced model of LN in vitro. The serum samples of LN patients and normal volunteers were collected. HK-2 cells were challenged via LPS. miR-146b-5p and interferon-induced protein 35 (IFI35) abundances were detected via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot. The inflammatory response was assessed via inflammatory cytokines levels via qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell apoptosis was analysed via flow cytometry and apoptotic protein levels. The protein levels of JAK1/STAT1 signalling were detected via western blot. The relationship of miR-146b-5p and IFI35 was analysed via bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assays. This study revealed that miR-146b-5p level was declined and IFI35 abundance was elevated in serum of LN patients and LPS-challenged HK-2 cells. Functionally, IFI35 overexpression promoted LPS-caused inflammatory response and cell apoptosis, and knockdown of IFI35 caused an opposite trend. Meanwhile, miR-146b-5p targeted IFI35 to suppress inflammatory response and cell inflammatory response and apoptosis via inactivating the JAK1/STAT1 pathway. MiR-146b-5p suppressed inflammatory response and cell apoptosis by IFI35 mediated-JAK1/STAT1 signalling in HK-2 cells, which provided a new mechanism for understanding the pathogenesis of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Zhi Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Xia Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ying Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Rou Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Rao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
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Xu YW, Ou NJ, Song YX, Wang XH, Kang JQ, Yang YJ, Chen YG, Liu XQ. Seminal plasma miR-210-3p induces spermatogenic cell apoptosis by activating caspase-3 in patients with varicocele. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:513-518. [PMID: 31670279 PMCID: PMC7523610 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_114_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of seminal plasma miR-210-3p in the impairment of semen quality caused by varicocele. This study included 102 patients whose semen quality was normal when they were diagnosed with varicocele. A 2-year follow-up for included patients was performed, and they were divided into Group A (semen quality became abnormal) and Group B (semen quality remained normal) according to the results of semen analysis during the follow-up. Semen parameters and seminal plasma miR-210-3p expression were investigated by semen analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. In vitro experiments with GC-2 cells were performed to explore the role of miR-210-3p in spermatogenic cells. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that the level of seminal plasma miR-210-3p in Group A was higher than that in Group B both after 2-year follow-up and when they were diagnosed with varicocele (both P < 0.01). Apoptosis and proliferation assays showed that miR-210-3p induces apoptosis of spermatogenic cells by promoting caspase-3 activation. In conclusion, our study indicated that seminal plasma miR-210-3p induces spermatogenic cell apoptosis by activating caspase-3 in patients with varicocele. Seminal plasma miR-210-3p may be a potential biomarker for predicting impaired semen quality caused by varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wei Xu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ning-Jing Ou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Song
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xian-Hao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jia-Qi Kang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yong-Jiao Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ye-Gang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Yang X, Fan W, Huang R, Liu G. β-acetoxyisovaleryl alkannin (AAN-II) from Alkanna tinctoria promotes the healing of pressure-induced venous ulcers in a rabbit model through the activation of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:35. [PMID: 34332546 PMCID: PMC8325215 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkannin-based pharmaceutical formulations for improving wound healing have been on the market for several years. However, detailed molecular mechanisms of their action have yet to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the potential roles of AAN-II in improving the healing of pressure-induced venous ulcers using a rabbit model generated by combining deep vein thrombosis with a local skin defect/local skin defect. The extent of healing was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) or vimentin staining. Rabbit skin fibroblasts were cultured for AAN-II treatment or TGFB1-sgRNA lentivirus transfection. ELISA was used to evaluate the levels of various cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, VEGF, bFGF, TGF-β and PDGF. The protein levels of TGF-β sensors, including TGF-β, Smad7 and phosphor-Smad3, and total Smad3, were assayed via western blotting after TGF-β knockout or AAN-II treatment. The results show that, for this model, AAN-II facilitates ulcer healing by suppressing the development of inflammation and promoting fibroblast proliferation and secretion of proangiogenic factors. AAN-II enhances the activation of the TGF-β1-Smad3 signaling pathway during skin ulcer healing. In addition, the results demonstrate that AAN-II and TGF-β have synergistic effects on ulcer healing. Our findings indicate that AAN-II can promote healing of pressure-induced venous skin ulcers via activation of TGF-β-Smad3 signaling in fibroblast cells and provide evidence that could be used in the development of more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Peripheral Vascular Disease Unit of the TCM Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijing Fan
- Peripheral Vascular Disease Unit of the TCM Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Renyan Huang
- Peripheral Vascular Disease Unit of the TCM Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- Peripheral Vascular Disease Unit of the TCM Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, Shanghai, China. .,Disease Unit of the TCM Department, Shuguang Hospital, , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangheng Road No. 528, Pudong New Area, 201203, Shanghai, China.
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Ascorbic Acid: A New Player of Epigenetic Regulation in LPS- gingivalis Treated Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6679708. [PMID: 33542783 PMCID: PMC7840256 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6679708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is usually sustained from microorganism of oral cavity, like Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Periodontal disease is an infectious disease that afflicts a large number of people. Researches are investigating on the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) response to inflammatory events in combination with antioxidant substances. In particular, ascorbic acid (AA) increased cell proliferation, upregulated the cells pluripotency marker expression, provide a protection from inflammation, and induced the regeneration of periodontal ligament tissue. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effects of AA in primary culture of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) exposed to P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS-G). The effect of AA on hPDLSCs exposed to LPS-G was determined through the cell proliferation assay. The molecules involved in the inflammatory pathway and epigenetic regulation have been identified using immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses. miR-210 level was quantified by qRT-PCR, and the ROS generation was finally studied. Cells co-treated with LPS-G and AA showed a restoration in terms of cell proliferation. The expression of NFκB, MyD88, and p300 was upregulated in LPS-G exposed cells, while the expression was attenuated in the co-treatment with AA. DNMT1 expression is attenuated in the cells exposed to the inflammatory stimulus. The level of miR-210 was reduced in stimulated cells, while the expression was evident in the hPDLSCs co-treated with LPS-G and AA. In conclusion, the AA could enhance a protective effect in in vitro periodontitis model, downregulating the inflammatory pathway and ROS generation and modulating the miR-210 level.
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Liu J, Wang S, Zhang Q, Li X, Xu S. Selenomethionine alleviates LPS-induced chicken myocardial inflammation by regulating the miR-128-3p-p38 MAPK axis and oxidative stress. Metallomics 2020; 12:54-64. [PMID: 31720660 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00216b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is closely related to the occurrence of heart disease, and an appropriate amount of selenium can alleviate inflammatory changes caused by various factors. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as a specific component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, is often used to construct various inflammatory models. In order to explore the effect of selenium on LPS-induced myocardial inflammation in chickens, we chose 4-month-old laying hens to be fed with a selenium-rich diet containing 0.5 g kg-1 Se, and injected LPS into the abdominal cavity at the age of 8 months to establish an inflammation model. We observed the myocardial tissue lesions by light microscopy, and detected miR-128-3p, p38MAPK, and NF-κB pathway-associated inflammatory factors and Th1/Th2 related factors by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The results showed that LPS stimulation inhibited miR-128-3p, which increased the expression of p38MAPK and NF-κB, while the expression of TNF-α, IL-1, PTGE, COX-2 and iNOS increased. Additionally, the expression of IL-4 and IL-6 increased and IFN-γ decreased, suggesting an imbalance of Th1/Th2. We also found that LPS treatment not only increased the content of H2O2 and MDA in the myocardium, but also increased the expression of HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90, while the activity of SOD, GPX and CAT and the content of GSH decreased. Interestingly, the addition of selenium can alleviate the changes in the above indicators. Finally, we concluded that selenium inhibits the occurrence of oxidative stress and ultimately alleviates myocardial inflammation induced by LPS through the miR-128-3p-p38MAPK-NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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Kim JY, Lee SJ, Maeng YI, Leem J, Park KK. Protective Effects of Bee Venom against Endotoxemia-Related Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070154. [PMID: 32640615 PMCID: PMC7408099 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is a leading cause of death in hospitalized patients worldwide. Despite decades of effort, there is no effective treatment for preventing the serious medical condition. Bee venom has long been used to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, whether bee venom has protective effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI has not been explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bee venom on LPS-induced AKI. The administration of bee venom alleviated renal dysfunction and structural injury in LPS-treated mice. Increased renal levels of tubular injury markers after LPS treatment were also suppressed by bee venom. Mechanistically, bee venom significantly reduced plasma and tissue levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cell infiltration into damaged kidneys. In addition, mice treated with bee venom exhibited reduced renal expression of lipid peroxidation markers after LPS injection. Moreover, bee venom attenuated tubular cell apoptosis in the kidneys of LPS-treated mice. In conclusion, these results suggest that bee venom attenuates LPS-induced renal dysfunction and structural injury via the suppression of inflammation, oxidative stress, and tubular cell apoptosis, and might be a useful therapeutic option for preventing endotoxemia-related AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Sun-Jae Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (S.-J.L.); (Y.-I.M.)
| | - Young-In Maeng
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (S.-J.L.); (Y.-I.M.)
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (K.-K.P.)
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (S.-J.L.); (Y.-I.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (K.-K.P.)
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Kim JY, Leem J, Hong HL. Protective Effects of SPA0355, a Thiourea Analogue, Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070585. [PMID: 32635491 PMCID: PMC7402186 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI). SPA0355, a thiourea analogue, has been shown to display beneficial effects against a variety of inflammatory diseases arising from its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. However, the potential protective effects of SPA0355 against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI have not been explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SPA0355 on LPS-induced AKI and investigate its underlying mechanisms. We found that renal dysfunction and histological abnormalities after LPS injection were significantly ameliorated by SPA0355. The compound also reduced renal expression of tubular injury markers. Mechanistically, SPA0355 significantly suppressed plasma and tissue levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cell infiltration with inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B p65 signaling. In addition, elevated levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and malondialdehyde after LPS injection were significantly decreased by SPA0355. The compound also regulated expression of pro-oxidant and antioxidant enzymes after LPS injection. Moreover, SPA0355 attenuated LPS-induced tubular cell apoptosis via inhibition of p53 signaling pathway. Altogether, these results suggest that SPA0355 protects against LPS-induced AKI through suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and tubular cell apoptosis and might be a potential preventive option for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Hyo-Lim Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (H.-L.H.)
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