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Li XJ, Suo P, Wang YN, Zou L, Nie XL, Zhao YY, Miao H. Arachidonic acid metabolism as a therapeutic target in AKI-to-CKD transition. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1365802. [PMID: 38523633 PMCID: PMC10957658 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1365802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is a main component of cell membrane lipids. AA is mainly metabolized by three enzymes: cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX) and cytochrome P450 (CYP450). Esterified AA is hydrolysed by phospholipase A2 into a free form that is further metabolized by COX, LOX and CYP450 to a wide range of bioactive mediators, including prostaglandins, lipoxins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Increased mitochondrial oxidative stress is considered to be a central mechanism in the pathophysiology of the kidney. Along with increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and tissue fibrosis drive the progressive loss of kidney function, affecting the glomerular filtration barrier and the tubulointerstitium. Recent studies have shown that AA and its active derivative eicosanoids play important roles in the regulation of physiological kidney function and the pathogenesis of kidney disease. These factors are potentially novel biomarkers, especially in the context of their involvement in inflammatory processes and oxidative stress. In this review, we introduce the three main metabolic pathways of AA and discuss the molecular mechanisms by which these pathways affect the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This review may provide new therapeutic targets for the identification of AKI to CKD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Suo
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Ni Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Ning H, Ren H, Zhao Y, Yin H, Gan Z, Shen Y, Yu Y. Targeting the DP2 receptor alleviates muscle atrophy and diet-induced obesity in mice through oxidative myofiber transition. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:342-355. [PMID: 36527201 PMCID: PMC9891918 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian skeletal muscles consist of two main fibre types: slow-twitch (type I, oxidative) and fast-twitch (type IIa, fast oxidative; type IIb/IIx, fast glycolytic). Muscle fibre composition switch is closely associated with chronic diseases such as muscle atrophy, obesity, type II diabetes and athletic performance. Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2 ) is a bioactive lipid derived from arachidonic acid that aggravates muscle damage and wasting during muscle atrophy. This study aimed to investigate the precise mechanisms underlying PGD2 -mediated muscle homeostasis and myogenesis. METHODS Skeletal muscle-specific PGD2 receptor DP2-deficient mice (DP2fl/fl HSACre ) and their littermate controls (DP2fl/fl ) were subjected to exhaustive exercise and fed a high-fat diet (HFD). X-linked muscular dystrophy (MDX) mice and HFD-challenged mice were treated with the selective DP2 inhibitor CAY10471. Exercise tolerance, body weight, glycometabolism and skeletal muscle fibre composition were measured to determine the role of the skeletal muscle PGD2 /DP2 signalling axis in obesity and muscle disorders. Multiple genetic and pharmacological approaches were also used to investigate the intracellular signalling cascades underlying the PGD2 /DP2-mediated skeletal muscle fibre transition. RESULTS PGD2 generation and DP2 expression were significantly upregulated in the hindlimb muscles of HFD-fed mice (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 vs. normal chow diet). Compared with DP2fl/fl mice, DP2fl/fl HSACre mice exhibited remarkable glycolytic-to-oxidative fibre-type transition in hindlimb muscles and were fatigue resistant during endurance exercise (154.9 ± 6.0 vs. 124.2 ± 8.1 min, P < 0.05). DP2fl/fl HSACre mice fed an HFD showed less weight gain (P < 0.05) and hepatic lipid accumulation (P < 0.01), reduced insulin resistance and enhanced energy expenditure (P < 0.05) compared with DP2fl/fl mice. Mechanistically, DP2 deletion promoted the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) by suppressing RhoA/Rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK2) signalling, which led to enhanced oxidative fibre-specific gene transcription in muscle cells. Treatment with CAY10471 enhanced NFATc1 activity in the skeletal muscles and ameliorated HFD-induced obesity (P < 0.05 vs. saline) and insulin resistance in mice. CAY10471 also enhanced exercise tolerance in MDX mice (100.8 ± 8.0 vs. 68.9 ± 11.1 min, P < 0.05 vs. saline) by increasing the oxidative fibre-type ratio in the muscles (45.1 ± 2.3% vs. 32.3 ± 2.6%, P < 0.05 vs. saline). CONCLUSIONS DP2 activation suppresses oxidative fibre transition via RhoA/ROCK2/NFATc1 signalling. The inhibition of DP2 may be a potential therapeutic approach against obesity and muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huying Ning
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiwen Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - HaiFang Yin
- Department of Cell Biology and Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenji Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Department of Spine Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujun Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs-Related Regulatory Mechanisms in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Using a Disease-Related lncRNA-mRNA Pathway Network. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:8548804. [PMID: 36619896 PMCID: PMC9771664 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8548804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the molecular regulatory mechanisms underpinning Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods Using microarray data, differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (DELs) and DMD-related differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) were screened based on the comparative toxicogenomics database, using a cutoff of |log2 fold change| > 1 and false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI), coexpression network of lncRNA-mRNA, and DMD-related lncRNA-mRNA pathway networks were constructed, and functional analyses of the genes in the network were performed. Finally, the proportions of immune cells infiltrating the muscle tissues in DMD were analyzed, and the correlation between the immune cells and expression of the DELs/DEMs was studied. Results A total of 46 DELs and 313 DMD-related DEMs were identified. The PPI network revealed STAT1, VEGFA, and CCL2 to be the top three hub genes. The DMD-related lncRNA-mRNA pathway network comprising two pathways, nine DELs, and nine DMD-related DEMs showed that PYCARD, RIPK2, and CASP1 were significantly enriched in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, whereas MAP2K2, LUM, RPS6, PDCD4, TWIST1, and HIF1A were significantly enriched with proteoglycans in cancers. The nine DELs in this network were DBET, MBNL1-AS1, MIR29B2CHG, CCDC18-AS1, FAM111A-DT, GAS5, LINC01290, ATP2B1-AS1, and PSMB8-AS1. Conclusion The nine DMD-related DEMs and DELs identified in this study may play important roles in the occurrence and progression of DMD through the two pathways of the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and proteoglycans in cancers.
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Kong D, Yu Y. Prostaglandin D2 signaling and cardiovascular homeostasis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 167:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hematopoietic Prostaglandin D Synthase Inhibitor PK007 Decreases Muscle Necrosis in DMD mdx Model Mice. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11090994. [PMID: 34575143 PMCID: PMC8469723 DOI: 10.3390/life11090994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting due to the lack of dystrophin protein. The acute phase of DMD is characterized by muscle necrosis and increased levels of the pro-inflammatory mediator, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). Inhibiting the production of PGD2 by inhibiting hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (HPGDS) may alleviate inflammation and decrease muscle necrosis. We tested our novel HPGDS inhibitor, PK007, in the mdx mouse model of DMD. Our results show that hindlimb grip strength was two-fold greater in the PK007-treated mdx group, compared to untreated mdx mice, and displayed similar muscle strength to strain control mice (C57BL/10ScSn). Histological analyses showed a decreased percentage of regenerating muscle fibers (~20% less) in tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius muscles and reduced fibrosis in the TA muscle in PK007-treated mice. Lastly, we confirmed that the DMD blood biomarker, muscle creatine kinase activity, was also reduced by ~50% in PK007-treated mdx mice. We conclude that our HPGDS inhibitor, PK007, has effectively reduced muscle inflammation and fibrosis in a DMD mdx mouse model.
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A Systematic Review on the Role of SIRT1 in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061380. [PMID: 34205021 PMCID: PMC8229470 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a muscular disease characterized by progressive muscle degeneration. Life expectancy is between 30 and 50 years, and death is correlated with cardiac or respiratory complications. Currently, there is no cure, so there is a great interest in new pharmacological targets. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) seems to be a potential target for DMD. In muscle tissue, SIRT1 exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The aim of this study is to summarize all the findings of in vivo and in vitro literature studies about the potential role of SIRT1 in DMD. A systematic literature search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-three articles satisfied the eligibility criteria. It emerged that SIRT1 inhibition led to muscle fragility, while conversely its activation improved muscle function. Additionally, resveratrol, a SIRT1 activator, has brought beneficial effects to the skeletal, cardiac and respiratory muscles by exerting anti-inflammatory activity that leads to reduced myofiber wasting.
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Mareedu S, Million ED, Duan D, Babu GJ. Abnormal Calcium Handling in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Mechanisms and Potential Therapies. Front Physiol 2021; 12:647010. [PMID: 33897454 PMCID: PMC8063049 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.647010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked muscle-wasting disease caused by the loss of dystrophin. DMD is associated with muscle degeneration, necrosis, inflammation, fatty replacement, and fibrosis, resulting in muscle weakness, respiratory and cardiac failure, and premature death. There is no curative treatment. Investigations on disease-causing mechanisms offer an opportunity to identify new therapeutic targets to treat DMD. An abnormal elevation of the intracellular calcium (Cai2+) concentration in the dystrophin-deficient muscle is a major secondary event, which contributes to disease progression in DMD. Emerging studies have suggested that targeting Ca2+-handling proteins and/or mechanisms could be a promising therapeutic strategy for DMD. Here, we provide an updated overview of the mechanistic roles the sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria play in the abnormal and sustained elevation of Cai2+ levels and their involvement in DMD pathogenesis. We also discuss current approaches aimed at restoring Ca2+ homeostasis as potential therapies for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satvik Mareedu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Emily D Million
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Dongsheng Duan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Biomedical, Biological & Chemical Engineering, The University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Gopal J Babu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
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Dabaj I, Ferey J, Marguet F, Gilard V, Basset C, Bahri Y, Brehin AC, Vanhulle C, Leturcq F, Marret S, Laquerrière A, Schmitz-Afonso I, Afonso C, Bekri S, Tebani A. Muscle metabolic remodelling patterns in Duchenne muscular dystrophy revealed by ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1906. [PMID: 33479270 PMCID: PMC7819988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81090-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a common and severe X-linked myopathy, characterized by muscle degeneration due to altered or absent dystrophin. DMD has no effective cure, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the metabolic changes in DMD using mass spectrometry-based imaging. Nine human muscle biopsies from DMD patients and nine muscle biopsies from control individuals were subjected to untargeted MSI using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Both univariate and pattern recognition techniques have been used for data analysis. This study revealed significant changes in 34 keys metabolites. Seven metabolites were decreased in the Duchenne biopsies compared to control biopsies including adenosine triphosphate, and glycerophosphocholine. The other 27 metabolites were increased in the Duchenne biopsies, including sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidic acids and phosphatidylserines. Most of these dysregulated metabolites are tightly related to energy and phospholipid metabolism. This study revealed a deep metabolic remodelling in phospholipids and energy metabolism in DMD. This systems-based approach enabled exploring the metabolism in DMD in an unprecedented holistic and unbiased manner with hypothesis-free strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Dabaj
- Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Rouen University Hospital, 76031, Rouen, France
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, INSERM U1245, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Justine Ferey
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76031, Rouen, Cedex, France
| | - Florent Marguet
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, INSERM U1245, 76000, Rouen, France
- Department of Pathology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Vianney Gilard
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76031, Rouen, Cedex, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Carole Basset
- Department of Pathology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Youssef Bahri
- Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014 Et FR 3038 Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS IRCOF, 1 Rue TesnieÌre, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Anne-Claire Brehin
- Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245 and Rouen University Hospital, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Catherine Vanhulle
- Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Rouen University Hospital, 76031, Rouen, France
| | - France Leturcq
- APHP, Laboratoire de Génétique Et Biologie Moléculaire, HUPC Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Marret
- Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Rouen University Hospital, 76031, Rouen, France
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, INSERM U1245, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Annie Laquerrière
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, INSERM U1245, 76000, Rouen, France
- Department of Pathology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Isabelle Schmitz-Afonso
- Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014 Et FR 3038 Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS IRCOF, 1 Rue TesnieÌre, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014 Et FR 3038 Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS IRCOF, 1 Rue TesnieÌre, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Soumeya Bekri
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, INSERM U1245, 76000, Rouen, France.
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76031, Rouen, Cedex, France.
| | - Abdellah Tebani
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76031, Rouen, Cedex, France
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Kourakis S, Timpani CA, de Haan JB, Gueven N, Fischer D, Rybalka E. Targeting Nrf2 for the treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Redox Biol 2021; 38:101803. [PMID: 33246292 PMCID: PMC7695875 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalances in redox homeostasis can result in oxidative stress, which is implicated in various pathological conditions including the fatal neuromuscular disease Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). DMD is a complicated disease, with many druggable targets at the cellular and molecular level including calcium-mediated muscle degeneration; mitochondrial dysfunction; oxidative stress; inflammation; insufficient muscle regeneration and dysregulated protein and organelle maintenance. Previous investigative therapeutics tended to isolate and focus on just one of these targets and, consequently, therapeutic activity has been limited. Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that upregulates many cytoprotective gene products in response to oxidants and other toxic stressors. Unlike other strategies, targeted Nrf2 activation has the potential to simultaneously modulate separate pathological features of DMD to amplify therapeutic benefits. Here, we review the literature providing theoretical context for targeting Nrf2 as a disease modifying treatment against DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kourakis
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Cara A Timpani
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Judy B de Haan
- Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Basic Science Domain, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Nuri Gueven
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Dirk Fischer
- Division of Developmental- and Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Emma Rybalka
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.
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Cadilla R, Deaton DN, Do Y, Elkins PA, Ennulat D, Guss JH, Holt J, Jeune MR, King AG, Klapwijk JC, Kramer HF, Kramer NJ, Laffan SB, Masuria PI, McDougal AV, Mortenson PN, Musetti C, Peckham GE, Pietrak BL, Poole C, Price DJ, Rendina AR, Sati G, Saxty G, Shearer BG, Shewchuk LM, Sneddon HF, Stewart EL, Stuart JD, Thomas DN, Thomson SA, Ward P, Wilson JW, Xu T, Youngman MA. The exploration of aza-quinolines as hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS) inhibitors with low brain exposure. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115791. [PMID: 33059303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
GlaxoSmithKline and Astex Pharmaceuticals recently disclosed the discovery of the potent H-PGDS inhibitor GSK2894631A 1a (IC50 = 9.9 nM) as part of a fragment-based drug discovery collaboration with Astex Pharmaceuticals. This molecule exhibited good murine pharmacokinetics, allowing it to be utilized to explore H-PGDS pharmacology in vivo. Yet, with prolonged dosing at higher concentrations, 1a induced CNS toxicity. Looking to attenuate brain penetration in this series, aza-quinolines, were prepared with the intent of increasing polar surface area. Nitrogen substitutions at the 6- and 8-positions of the quinoline were discovered to be tolerated by the enzyme. Subsequent structure activity studies in these aza-quinoline scaffolds led to the identification of 1,8-naphthyridine 1y (IC50 = 9.4 nM) as a potent peripherally restricted H-PGDS inhibitor. Compound 1y is efficacious in four in vivo inflammatory models and exhibits no CNS toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Cadilla
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - David N Deaton
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Young Do
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Patricia A Elkins
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Daniela Ennulat
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Guss
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Jason Holt
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Michael R Jeune
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Andrew G King
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Jan C Klapwijk
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - H Fritz Kramer
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Nicholas J Kramer
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Susan B Laffan
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Paresh I Masuria
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Alan V McDougal
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Paul N Mortenson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, UK
| | - Caterina Musetti
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Gregory E Peckham
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Beth L Pietrak
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Chuck Poole
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Daniel J Price
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Alan R Rendina
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Girish Sati
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Gordon Saxty
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, UK
| | - Barry G Shearer
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lisa M Shewchuk
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Helen F Sneddon
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Eugene L Stewart
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - J Darren Stuart
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Dean N Thomas
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Stephen A Thomson
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Paris Ward
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Joseph W Wilson
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Tiahshun Xu
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Mark A Youngman
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang SM, Liu X, Gu YN, Feng Z. Prenatal diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy revealed a novel mosaic mutation in Dystrophin gene: a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:222. [PMID: 33176713 PMCID: PMC7661169 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophies (DMDs) are X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorders with malfunction or absence of the Dystrophin protein. Precise genetic diagnosis is critical for proper planning of patient care and treatment. In this study, we described a Chinese family with mosaic DMD mutations and discussed the best method for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of X-linked familial disorders. METHODS We investigated all variants of the whole dystrophin gene using multiple DNA samples isolated from the affected family and identified two variants of the DMD gene in a sick boy and two female carriers by targeted next generation sequencing (TNGS), Sanger sequencing, and haplotype analysis. RESULTS We identified the hemizygous mutation c.6794delG (p.G2265Efs*6) of DMD in the sick boy, which was inherited from his mother. Unexpectedly, a novel heterozygous mutation c.6796delA (p.I2266Ffs*5) of the same gene, which was considered to be a de novo variant, was detected from his younger sister instead of his mother by Sanger sequencing. However, further NGS analysis of the mother and her amniotic fluid samples revealed that the mother carried a low-level mosaic c.6796delA mutation. CONCLUSIONS We reported two different mutations of the DMD gene in two siblings, including the novel mutation c.6796delA (p.I2266Ffs*5) inherited from the asymptomatic mosaic-carrier mother. This finding has enriched the knowledge of the pathogenesis of DMD. If no mutation is detected in obligate carriers, the administration of intricate STR/NGS/Sanger analysis will provide new ideas on the prenatal diagnosis of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Genetics, BaYi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Birth defects prevention and control of key technology, Beijing, 100700, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, 100700, China. .,Clinical Biobank Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, BaYi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Birth defects prevention and control of key technology, Beijing, 100700, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, 100700, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - San Mei Wang
- Department of Clinical Genetics, BaYi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Birth defects prevention and control of key technology, Beijing, 100700, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, 100700, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, BaYi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Birth defects prevention and control of key technology, Beijing, 100700, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, 100700, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ya Nan Gu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, BaYi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Birth defects prevention and control of key technology, Beijing, 100700, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, 100700, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhichun Feng
- Department of Clinical Genetics, BaYi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Birth defects prevention and control of key technology, Beijing, 100700, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, 100700, China. .,Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Cappellari O, Mantuano P, De Luca A. "The Social Network" and Muscular Dystrophies: The Lesson Learnt about the Niche Environment as a Target for Therapeutic Strategies. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071659. [PMID: 32660168 PMCID: PMC7407800 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscle stem cells niche is essential in neuromuscular disorders. Muscle injury and myofiber death are the main triggers of muscle regeneration via satellite cell activation. However, in degenerative diseases such as muscular dystrophy, regeneration still keep elusive. In these pathologies, stem cell loss occurs over time, and missing signals limiting damaged tissue from activating the regenerative process can be envisaged. It is unclear what comes first: the lack of regeneration due to satellite cell defects, their pool exhaustion for degeneration/regeneration cycles, or the inhibitory mechanisms caused by muscle damage and fibrosis mediators. Herein, Duchenne muscular dystrophy has been taken as a paradigm, as several drugs have been tested at the preclinical and clinical levels, targeting secondary events in the complex pathogenesis derived from lack of dystrophin. We focused on the crucial roles that pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines play in triggering muscle necrosis after damage and stimulating satellite cell activation and self-renewal, along with growth and mechanical factors. These processes contribute to regeneration and niche maintenance. We review the main effects of drugs on regeneration biomarkers to assess whether targeting pathogenic events can help to protect niche homeostasis and enhance regeneration efficiency other than protecting newly formed fibers from further damage.
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Molecular changes in transcription and metabolic pathways underlying muscle atrophy in the CuZnSOD null mouse model of sarcopenia. GeroScience 2020; 42:1101-1118. [PMID: 32394347 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice lacking the superoxide anion scavenger CuZn superoxide dismutase (Sod1-/- mice) develop a number of age-related phenotypes, including an early progression of muscle atrophy and weakness (sarcopenia) associated with loss of innervation. The purpose of this study was to delineate the early development of sarcopenia in the Sod1-/- mice and to measure changes in the muscle transcriptome, proteome, and eicosanoid profile at the stage when sarcopenia is markedly induced in this model (7-9 months of age). We found a strong correlation between muscle atrophy and mitochondrial state 1 hydroperoxide production, which was 40% higher in isolated mitochondria from Sod1-/- mouse gastrocnemius muscle by 2 months of age. The primary pathways showing altered gene expression in Sod1-/- mice identified by RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis are protein ubiquitination, synaptic long-term potentiation, calcium signaling, phospholipase C signaling, AMPK, and TWEAK signaling. Targeted proteomics shows elevated expression of mitochondrial proteins, fatty acid metabolism enzymes, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes, and antioxidants, while enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism are downregulated in Sod1-/- mice. LC-MS analysis of lipids in gastrocnemius muscle detected 78 eicosanoids, of which 31 are significantly elevated in muscle from Sod1-/- mice. These data suggest that mitochondrial hydroperoxide generation is elevated prior to muscle atrophy and may be a potential driving factor of changes in the transcriptome, proteome, and eicosanoid profile of the Sod1-/- mice. Together, these analyses revealed important molecular events that occur during muscle atrophy, which will pave the way for future studies using new approaches to treat sarcopenia.
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Skoliose bei mehrfach behinderten Kindern und Jugendlichen. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-019-0727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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