1
|
Lim WJ, Chan PF, Hamid RA. A 1, 4-benzoquinone derivative isolated from Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A. DC. root suppresses angiogenesis via its angiogenic signaling cascades. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101891. [PMID: 38111673 PMCID: PMC10727947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The root hexane extract of Ardisia crispa (ACRH), which belongs to the Primulaceae family, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive, anti-arthritic, and antiangiogenic activities. In this study, we isolated a p-benzoquinone derivative, 2-methoxy-6-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone (AC2), from ACRH and investigated its potential antiangiogenic activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and zebrafish embryo models. Prior to this study, AC2 was characterized using 1H NMR spectroscopy and MS. AC2 significantly suppressed HUVEC proliferation in a time-independent manner, with an IC50 value of 1.35 ± 0.05, 1.15 ± 0.02, and 1.00 ± 0.01 µg/mL at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. AC2 also induced apoptosis in HUVECs and significantly suppressed their migration, invasion, and tube formation in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, AC2 significantly attenuated most of the analyzed protein markers, including pro-MMP-2, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, angiopoietin-2, endothelin-1, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1, FGF-2, follistatin, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) at all tested concentrations. Furthermore, AC2 significantly inhibited zebrafish embryo intersegmental vessels (ISVs), confirming its antiangiogenic role. In conclusion, AC2 exhibits a potential anti-angiogenic effect by suppressing several proangiogenic and growth factors. Further studies are needed to investigate their effects on other excessive angiogenic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pit Foong Chan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Roslida Abd Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yin X, Hu RH, Long XX, Zhou YQ, Wei X, Zhang S, Feng TT, Zhou Y. Terpenoids with Cytotoxic Activity from Roots of Ardisia crispa. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300189. [PMID: 36913520 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Three new terpenoids, ardisiacrispins G-I (1, 4 and 8), and eight known compounds, cyclamiretin A (2), psychotrianoside G (3), 3-hydroxy-β-damascone (5), megastigmane (6), corchoionol C (7), zingiberoside B (9), angelicoidenol (10), trans-linalool-3,6-oxide-β-D-glucopyranoside (11) were isolated from the roots of Ardisia crispa. The chemical structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, such as HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Ardisiacrispin G (1) represents the oleanolic-type scaffold featuring a rare 15,16- epoxy system. All compounds were evaluated for the cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines (U87 MG and HepG2) in vitro. Compounds 1, 8 and 9 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity with IC50 values ranging from 7.6±1.1 to 28.8±3.2 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Hang Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Xiang Long
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guo S, Li Z, Liu Y, Wu W. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Ardisia crispa Thunb. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2022; 7:2070-2072. [PMCID: PMC9744205 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2154621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A. DC. belongs to the genus Ardisia (Myrsinaceae). It is a traditional medicinal plant widely used to treat inflammatory-related diseases in southern China. Here, we provide the complete chloroplast genome of A. crispa from Laibin, Guangxi, PR China using Illumina high-throughput sequencing approach. The total length of the chloroplast genome is 156,709 bp, including a large single-copy (LSC) region, a small single-copy (SSC) region, and a pair of inverted repeats IRa and IRb regions which are separated by the LSC and SSC, with lengths of 86,301 bp, 18,411 bp, and 25,999 bp, respectively. In general, 132 genes were identified, including 93 protein-coding genes, 31 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The overall GC content is 47.82%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. crispa is close to congeneric species A. mamillata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Guo
- Key lab for Zhuang and Yao Pharmaceutical Quality Biology, College of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Laibin, P.R. China
| | - Zeyang Li
- Key lab for Zhuang and Yao Pharmaceutical Quality Biology, College of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Laibin, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, PR China
| | - Wuwei Wu
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, PR China,CONTACT Wuwei Wu Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning530010, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu C, Pan J, Yin ZG, Feng T, Zhao J, Dong X, Zhou Y. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis in Radix Ardisia. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13670. [PMID: 35789656 PMCID: PMC9250311 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Radix Ardisia (Jab Bik Lik Jib) is a common Miao medicine and is widely distributed in the Guizhou region of southern China. The botanical origin of Radix Ardisia includes the dry root and rhizome of Ardisia Crenata Sims (ACS) or Ardisia Crispa (Thunb.) A.DC. (AC), which are closely related species morphologically. However, the secondary metabolites in their roots are different from one another, especially the flavonoids, and these differences have not been thoroughly explored at the molecular level. This project preliminarily identified regulatory molecular mechanisms in the biosynthetic pathways of the flavonoids between ACS and AC using a multi-omics association analysis. Methods In this study, we determined the total levels of saponin, flavonoid, and phenolic in Radix Ardisia from different origins. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed metabolites (DEM). We also performed conjoint analyses on DEGs and DEMs to ascertain the degree pathways, and explore the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. Results The total flavonoid and phenolic levels in ACS were significantly higher than in AC (P < 0.05). There were 17,685 DEGs between ACS vs. AC, 8,854 were upregulated and 8,831 were downregulated. Based on this, we continued to study the gene changes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, and 100 DEGs involving flavonoid biosynthesis were differentially expressed in ACS and AC. We validated the accuracy of the RNA-seq data using qRT-PCR. Metabolomic analyses showed that 11 metabolites were involved in flavonoid biosynthesis including: Naringenin, Luteolin, Catechin, and Quercetin. A conjoint analysis of the genome-wide connection network revealed the differences in the types and levels of flavonoid compounds between ACS and AC. The correlation analysis showed that Naringenin, Luteolin, Catechin, and Quercetin were more likely to be key compounds in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway also including 4CL, AOMT, CHS, CHI, DFR, F3'5'H, FLS, and LAR. Conclusions This study provides useful information for revealing the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis and the regulatory relationship between metabolites and genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in Radix Ardisia from different origins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yin
- Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiehong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiu Dong
- Guizhou Sanli Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu B, Liu R, Liu Q, Ashby CR, Zhang H, Chen ZS. The ethnomedicinal and functional uses, phytochemical and pharmacology of compounds from Ardisia species: An updated review. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1888-1929. [PMID: 35670013 DOI: 10.1002/med.21894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are considered to be a critical source of novel compounds and pharmacophores. The genus Ardisia, consisting of approximately 500 species, is the largest genus in the Myrsinaceae family. Ardisia species are widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world and have been used for the treatment of cancer, hypertension, irregular menstruation, gonorrhea, diarrhea and postnatal syndromes, among others. Phytochemical studies of Ardisia species have resulted in the isolation and identification of 111 compounds, including triterpenoid saponins, quinones, phenols, coumarins, cyclic depsipepetide and flavonoids. Crude extracts and isolates from Ardisia have been reported to have in vitro and in vivo efficacies, including but not limited to anticancer, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antithrombotic and antidiabetic, antitubercular compounds. This review focuses on the medical and functional uses, phytochemical profile and pharmacological efficacies of Ardisia species over the past 15 years. This review will provide information indicating that Ardisia species represent an invaluable source of potential therapeutic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Liu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,College of Chemistry and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Huanghua, China
| | - Rongyu Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Qifeng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Huanghua, China
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, New York City, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin X, Hu R, Zhou Y, Zhu W, Zhou Y. Cytotoxic 13,28 Epoxy Bridged Oleanane-Type Triterpenoid Saponins from the Roots of Ardisia crispa. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031061. [PMID: 35164324 PMCID: PMC8838445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ardisiacrispin D–F (1–3), three new 13,28 epoxy bridged oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, together with four known analogues (4–7) were isolated from the roots of Ardisia crispa. The structures of 1–7 were elucidated based on 1D and 2D-NMR experiments and by comparing their spectroscopic data with values from the published literatures. Ardisiacrispin D–F (1–3) are first examples that the monosaccharide directly linked to aglycone C-3 of triterpenoid saponins in genus Ardisia are non-arabinopyranose. In the present paper, all compounds are evaluated for the cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines (HeLa, HepG2 and U87 MG) in vitro. The results show that compounds 1, 4 and 6 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against Hela and U87 MG cells with IC50 values in the range of 2.2 ± 0.6 to 9.5 ± 1.8 µM. The present investigation suggests that roots of A. crispa could be a potential source of natural anti-tumor agents and their triterpenoid saponins might be responsible for cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ying Zhou
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0851-88233090
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liao Q, Pang L, Li JJ, Zhang C, Li JX, Zhang X, Mao T, Wu DT, Ma XY, Geng FN, Zhang JM. Characterization and diabetic wound healing benefits of protein-polysaccharide complexes isolated from an animal ethno-medicine Periplaneta americana L. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:466-474. [PMID: 34914909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Periplaneta americana L. (PA), a type of animal medicine, has been widely used for wound healing in clinical settings. In order to further investigate the bioactive wound healing substances in PA, crude PA protein-polysaccharide complexes were further purified by cellulose DE-52 and Sephadex G100 chromatography in succession. Among these isolated fractions, two fractions eluted by 0.3 M and 0.5 M NaCl with the higher yield, respectively named PaPPc2 and PaPPc3 respectively, were chosen for the wound healing experiments. Mediated by HPGPC, amino acid and monosaccharide composition analysis, circular dichroism spectrum, glycosylation type, FT-IR, and 1H NMR analysis, the characterization of PaPPc2 and PaPPc3 was implemented. And then, the benefits of PaPPcs to promote cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs were determined in vitro, indicated these fractions would facilitate angiogenesis. Finally, as proof of concept, PaPPc2 and PaPPc3 were employed to accelerate the acute wounds of diabetic mice, involving in increase blood vessels and the amounts of angiogenesis-related cytokines (α-SMA, VEGF, and CD31). In short, this study provides an experimental basis to demonstrate the protein-polysaccharide complexes of Periplaneta americana L. as its wound healing bioactive substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lan Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jia-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ting Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Medicinal Periplaneta Americana, Liangshan, Sichuan, China
| | - Fu-Neng Geng
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Medicinal Periplaneta Americana, Liangshan, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jin-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Blin JA, Hamid RA, Khaza'ai H. Bioactive fractions and compound of Ardisia crispa roots exhibit anti-arthritic properties mediated via angiogenesis inhibition in vitro. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:176. [PMID: 34172047 PMCID: PMC8235828 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A.DC (Primulaceae), is a medicinal herb traditionally used by Asian people as remedies to cure inflammatory related diseases, including rheumatism. The plant roots possess various pharmacological activities including antipyretic, anti-inflammation and antitumor. Previous phytochemical studies of the plant roots have identified long chain alkyl-1,4-benzoquinones as major constituents, together with other phytochemicals. Hexane fraction of the plant roots (ACRH), was previously reported with anti-angiogenic and anti-arthritic properties, while its effect on their anti-arthritic in vitro, is yet unrevealed. Considering the significance of angiogenesis inhibition in developing new anti-arthritic agent, thus we investigated the anti-arthritic potential of Ardisia crispa roots by suppressing angiogenesis, in vitro. Methods Ardisia crispa roots hexane extract (ACRH) was prepared from the plant roots using absolute n-hexane. ACRH was fractionated into quinone-rich fraction (QRF) and further isolated to yield benzoquinonoid compound (BQ), respectively. In vitro experiments using VEGF-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and IL-1β-induced human fibroblast-like synoviocytes for rheumatoid arthritis (HFLS-RA) were performed to evaluate the effects of these samples on VEGF-induced HUVECs proliferation and tube formation, and towards IL-1β-induced HFLS-RA proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. Therapeutic concentrations (0.05, 0.5, and 5 μg/mL) tested in this study were predetermined based on the IC50 values obtained from the MTT assay. Results ACRH, QRF, and BQ exerted concentration-independent antiproliferative effects on VEGF-induced HUVECs and IL-1β-induced HFLS-RA, with IC50 values at 1.09 ± 0.18, 3.85 ± 0.26, and 1.34 ± 0.16 μg/mL in HUVECs; and 3.60 ± 1.38, 4.47 ± 0.34, and 1.09 ± 0.09 μg/mL in HFLS-RA, respectively. Anti-angiogenic properties of these samples were verified via significant inhibition on VEGF-induced HUVECs tube formation, in a concentration-independent manner. The invasiveness of IL-1β-induced HFLS-RA was also significantly inhibited in a concentration-independent manner by all samples. ACRH and BQ, but not QRF, significantly enhanced the apoptosis of IL-1β-induced HFLS-RA elicited at their highest concentration (5 μg/mL) (P < 0.05). Conclusions These findings highlight the bioactive fractions and compound from Ardisia crispa roots as potential anti-arthritic agents by inhibiting both HUVECs and HFLS-RA’s cellular functions in vitro, possibly mediated via their anti-angiogenic effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03341-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Anak Blin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Roslida Abdul Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Huzwah Khaza'ai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Quinone-rich fraction of Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A. DC roots alters angiogenic cascade in collagen-induced arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:771-788. [PMID: 34091811 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic joint disorder, of which, excessive angiogenesis is the well-established factor contributing to synovitis and joint destruction. Ardisia crispa (Primulaceae) is a medicinal herb with evidenced anti-angiogenic properties, attributed to 2-methoxy-6-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone (BQ) found in its roots. However, it is still unclear how BQ is able to inhibit angiogenesis in RA. Hence, we investigated the anti-arthritic potential of quinone-rich fraction (QRF) separated from Ardisia crispa roots hexane extract (ACRH) by targeting angiogenesis on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. The QRF was priorly identified by quantifying the BQ content in the fraction using GC-MS. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6) were initially immunised with type II collagen (150 µg) subcutaneously at the base of the tail on day 0. QRF (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg/day) and celecoxib (5 mg/kg/day) were orally administered for 13 consecutive days starting from day 14 post-induction, except for the vehicle and arthritic controls. QRF at all dosages moderately ameliorated the arthritic scores, ankle swelling, and hind paw oedema with no significant (p > 0.05) modulation on the bodyweights and organ weights (i.e., liver, kidney, and spleen). Treatment with QRF at 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg, significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated VEGF-A, PI3K, AKT, NF-κB, p38, STAT3, and STAT5 proteins and markedly restored the increased synovial microvessel densities (MVD) to the normal level in arthritic rats in a dose-independent manner. In conclusion, QRF conferred the anti-arthritic effect via angiogenesis inhibition in vivo, credited to the BQ content and synergism, at least in part, by other phytoconstituents.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cytotoxic Evaluation and Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Two Furano-Sesquiterpenoids from Commiphora myrrh Resin. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061318. [PMID: 32183153 PMCID: PMC7144466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Commiphora myrrh resin (Myrrh) has been used in traditional Arabic medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases. Two furano-sesquiterpenoids, 2-methoxyfuranodiene (CM1) and 2-acetoxyfuranodiene (CM2), were isolated from the chloroform fraction of the ethanolic extract of Arabic Commiphora myrrh resin. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated using human liver carcinoma, breast cancer cells (HepG2 and MCF-7, respectively) and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cell lines. The development toxicity and anti-angiogenic activity of both compounds were also evaluated using zebrafish embryos. Cell survival assays demonstrated that both compounds were highly cytotoxic in HepG2 and MCF7 cells, with IC50 values of 3.6 and 4.4 µM, respectively. Both compounds induced apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest in treated HepG2 cells, which was observed using flow cytometric analysis. The development toxicity in zebrafish embryos showed the chronic toxicity of both compounds. The toxicity was only seen when the embryos remained exposed to the compounds for more than three days. The compound CM2 showed a significant level of anti-angiogenic activity in transgenic zebrafish embryos at sublethal doses. Thus, we demonstrated the cytotoxic properties of both compounds, suggesting that the molecular mechanism of these compounds should be further assessed.
Collapse
|