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Chen H, Wang Y, Wang H, Zhang K, Liu Y, Li Q, Li C, Wen Z, Chen Z. Biomimetic nanocarriers loaded with temozolomide by cloaking brain-targeting peptides for targeting drug delivery system to promote anticancer effects in glioblastoma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28256. [PMID: 38596030 PMCID: PMC11002058 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the leading cancer of the central nervous system (CNS). The efficacy of glioma treatment is significantly hindered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-brain tumour barrier (BBTB), which prevent most drugs from entering the brain and tumours. Hence, we established a novel drug delivery nanosystem of brain tumour-targeting that could self-assemble the method using an amphiphilic Zein protein isolated from corn. Zein's amphiphilicity prompted it to self-assembled into NPs, efficiently containing TMZ. This allowed us to investigate temozolomide (TMZ) for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. To construct TMZ-encapsulated NPs (TMZ@RVG-Zein NPs), the NPs' Zein was clocked to rabies virus glycoprotein 29 (RVG29). To verify that the NPs could penetrate the BBB and precisely target and kill the GBM cancer cell line, in vitro studies were performed. The process of NPs penetrating cancer cell membranes was investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to measure the expressions of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the U87 cell line. Therefore, effective targeted brain cancer treatment is possible by forming NP clocks, a cell-penetrating natural Zein protein with an RVG29. These NPs can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter the glioblastoma (U87) cell line to release TMZ. These NPs have a distinct cocktail of biocompatibility and brain-targeting abilities, making them ideal for involving brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaming Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
| | - Yunhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
| | - Qiangfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
| | - Chengli Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
| | - Zhonghui Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665099, China
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Aiyasamy K, Ramasamy M, Hirad AH, Arulselvan P, Jaganathan R, Suriyaprakash J, Thangavelu I, Alarfaj AA. Facile construction of gefitinib-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework nanocomposites for the treatment of different lung cancer cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024. [PMID: 38594878 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Gefitinib (GET) is a revolutionary targeted treatment inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor's tyrosine kinase action by competitively inhibiting the ATP binding site. In preclinical trials, several lung cancer cell lines and xenografts have demonstrated potential activity with GET. Response rates neared 25% in preclinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer. Here, we describe the one-pot synthesis of GET@ZIF-8 nanocomposites (NCs) in pure water, encapsulating zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8). This method developed NCs with consistent morphology and a loading efficiency of 9%, resulting in a loading capacity of 20 wt%. Cell proliferation assay assessed the anticancer effect of GET@ZIF-8 NCs on A549 and H1299 cells. The different biochemical staining (Calcein-AM and PI and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole nuclear staining) assays assessed the cell death and morphological examination. Additionally, the mode of apoptosis was evaluated by mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm) and reactive oxygen species. Therefore, the study concludes that GET@ZIF-8 NCs are pledged to treat lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaivani Aiyasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Malathi Ramasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdurahman Hajinur Hirad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Palanisamy Arulselvan
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravindran Jaganathan
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL-RCMP), Perak, Malaysia
| | - Jagadeesh Suriyaprakash
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Abdullah A Alarfaj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammadi Zonouz A, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. The molecular mechanisms of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) activity in signaling pathways: A comprehensive review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155352. [PMID: 38342017 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most unique plants that have ever grown on the planet is Ginkgo biloba L., a member of the Ginkgoaceae family with no close living relatives. The existence of several differently structured components of G. biloba has increased the chemical variety of herbal therapy. Numerous studies that investigated the biochemical characteristics of G. biloba suggest this plant as a potential treatment for many illnesses. PURPOSE Review the molecular mechanisms involved in the signaling pathways of G. biloba activity in varied circumstances and its potential as a novel treatment for various illnesses. METHODS Studies focusing on the molecular processes and signaling pathways of compounds and extracts of G. biloba were found and summarized using the proper keywords and operators from Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus without time restrictions. RESULTS G. biloba exerts its effects through its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antibacterial, pulmoprotective, renoprotective, anti-osteoporosis, anti-melanogenic, retinoprotective, otoprotective, adipogenic, and anti-adipogenic properties. The most important mechanisms involved in these actions are altering the elevation of ROS formation, inhibiting NADPH oxidases activation, altering the expression of antioxidant enzymes, downregulating MAPKs (p38 MAPK and ERK, and JNK) and AP-1, increasing cAMP, inactivating Stat5, activating the AMPK signaling pathway, affecting Stat3/JAK2, NF-κB, Nrf-2, mTOR, HGF/c-Met, Wnt/β-catenin and BMP signaling pathways, and changing the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, the release of Cyc from mitochondria to cytosol, the protein cleavage of caspases 3, 7, 8, 9, and 12, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and MMPs levels. CONCLUSIONS G. biloba and its components have gained attention in recent years for their therapeutic benefits, such as their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and apoptotic effects. By understanding their molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, potential novel medicines might be developed in response to the rising public desire for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Yu J, Wang J, Yang J, Ouyang T, Gao H, Kan H, Yang Y. New insight into the mechanisms of Ginkgo biloba leaves in the treatment of cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155088. [PMID: 37844377 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginkgo biloba leaves (GBLs), as an herbal dietary supplement and a traditional Chinese medicine, have been used in treating diseases for hundred years. Recently, increasing evidence reveals that the extracts and active ingredients of GBLs have anti-cancer (chemo-preventive) properties. However, the molecular mechanism of GBLs in anti-cancer has not been comprehensively summarized. PURPOSE To systematically summarize the literatures for identifying the molecular mechanism of GBLs in cellular, animal models and clinical trials of cancers, as well as for critically evaluating the current evidence of efficacy and safety of GBLs for cancers. METHODS Employing the search terms "Ginkgo biloba" and "cancer" till July 25, 2023, a comprehensive search was carried out in four electronic databases including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science. The articles not contained in the databases are performed by manual searches and all the literatures on anti-cancer research and mechanism of action of GBLs was extracted and summarized. The quality of methodology was assessed independently through PRISMA 2020. RESULTS Among 84 records found in the database, 28 were systematic reviews related to GBLs, while the remaining 56 records were related to the anticancer effects of GBLs, which include studies on the anticancer activities and mechanisms of extracts or its components in GBLs at cellular, animal, and clinical levels. During these studies, the top six cancer types associated with GBLs are lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and cervical cancer. Further analysis reveals that GBLs primarily exert their anticancer effects by stimulating cancer cell apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion and migration of cancers, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and modulating signaling pathways. Besides, the pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical research on the anti-tumor activity of GBLs have also been discussed. CONCLUSIONS This is the first paper to thoroughly investigate the pharmacology effect, toxicology, and the mechanisms of action of GBLs for anti-cancer properties. All the findings will reinforce the need to explore the new usage of GBLs in cancers and offer comprehensive reference data and recommendations for future research on this herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinsese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China.
| | - Jianhua Yang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinsese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Ting Ouyang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinsese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Honglei Gao
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinsese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Hongxing Kan
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinsese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Computer Application Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Yinfeng Yang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinsese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Computer Application Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China.
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5
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Wu W, Huang C. SUMOylation and DeSUMOylation: Prospective therapeutic targets in cancer. Life Sci 2023; 332:122085. [PMID: 37722589 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The SUMO family is a type of ubiquitin-like protein modification molecule. Its protein modification mechanism is similar to that of ubiquitination: both involve modifier-activating enzyme E1, conjugating enzyme E2 and substrate-specific ligase E3. However, polyubiquitination can lead to the degradation of substrate proteins, while poly-SUMOylation only leads to the degradation of substrate proteins through the proteasome pathway after being recognized by ubiquitin as a signal factor. There are currently five reported subtypes in the SUMO family, namely SUMO1-5. As a reversible dynamic modification, intracellular sentrin/SUMO-specific proteases (SENPs) mainly regulate the reverse reaction pathway of SUMOylation. The SUMOylation modification system affects the localization, activation and turnover of proteins in cells and participates in regulating most nuclear and extranuclear molecular reactions. Abnormal expression of proteins related to the SUMOylation pathway is commonly observed in tumors, indicating that this pathway is closely related to tumor occurrence, metastasis and invasion. This review mainly discusses the composition of members in the protein family related to SUMOylation pathways, mutual connections between SUMOylation and other post-translational modifications on proteins as well as therapeutic drugs developed based on these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Wu
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Medical School, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Medical School, Kunming 650500, China.
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Cheng Q, Liu G, Yin X. Facile construction of drugs loaded lipid-coated calcium carbonate as a promising pH-Dependent drug delivery system for thyroid cancer treatment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18413. [PMID: 37809709 PMCID: PMC10558296 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop innovative drug delivery carriers for controllable release and cancer-targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to accomplish efficient cancer chemotherapy. Herein we effectively fabricated CaCO3 primarily loaded biotin (BT) and directly the self-assembly of oxaliplatin (Pt (IV)) prodrugs form in liposomes. The acquired BT-Pt (IV)@PEG/CaCO3 with outstanding biological stability displays rapid pH-mediated degradations, thus allowing the effective pH-responsive delivery of BT. In vitro, anticancer assays proved that BT-Pt (IV)@PEG/CaCO3 effectively kills the thyroid cancer cells (B-CPAP and FTC-133). The biochemical staining assays investigated the morphological changes of thyroid cancer after treatment with nanoparticles. The DNA fragmentation of the cells was assessed by utilizing the comet assay. BT-Pt (IV)@PEG/CaCO3 increased ROS levels and caused mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA damage, which resulted in apoptosis. Due to its versatile drug-loading capability, this research demonstrates that CaCO3 liposomal formulation is a biocompatible and reliable substrate for establishing pH-mediated drug delivery methods and promising for possible therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, and Institute, Shenyang-110042, China
| | - Guangxuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, and Institute, Shenyang-110042, China
| | - Xiaojing Yin
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, and Institute, Shenyang-110042, China
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7
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Hu Q, Li Z, Li Y, Deng X, Chen Y, Ma X, Zeng J, Zhao Y. Natural products targeting signaling pathways associated with regulated cell death in gastric cancer: Recent advances and perspectives. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37157181 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most serious gastrointestinal malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. The complexity of GC process lies in the multi-phenotypic linkage regulation, in which regulatory cell death (RCD) is the core link, which largely dominates the fate of GC cells and becomes a key determinant of GC development and prognosis. In recent years, increasing evidence has been reported that natural products can prevent and inhibit the development of GC by regulating RCDs, showing great therapeutic potential. In order to further clarify its key regulatory characteristics, this review focused on specific expressions of RCDs, combined with a variety of signaling pathways and their crosstalk characteristics, sorted out the key targets and action rules of natural products targeting RCD. It is highlighted that a variety of core biological pathways and core targets are involved in the decision of GC cell fate, including the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, MAPK-related signaling pathways, p53 signaling pathway, ER stress, Caspase-8, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and so on. Moreover, natural products target the crosstalk of different RCDs by modulating above signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest that targeting various RCDs in GC with natural products is a promising strategy, providing a reference for further clarifying the molecular mechanism of natural products treating GC, which warrants further investigations in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Suknoppakit P, Wangteeraprasert A, Simanurak O, Somran J, Parhira S, Pekthong D, Srisawang P. Calotropis gigantea stem bark extract activates HepG2 cell apoptosis through ROS and its effect on cytochrome P450. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16375. [PMID: 37251821 PMCID: PMC10220234 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The 95% ethanolic extract of the dry powder of Calotropis gigantea (C. gigantea) stem bark was separated by fractionation with different solutions to yield 4 fractions: dichloromethane (CGDCM), ethyl acetate (CGEtOAc), and water (CGW). This research focused on CGDCM-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells with IC50 and above-IC50 values, which provide useful information for future anticancer applications. CGDCM had lower cytotoxicity on normal lung fibroblast IMR-90 cells than on HepG2 cells. Apoptotic induction of CGDCM was mediated by decreased fatty acid and ATP synthesis while increasing reactive oxygen species production. The effects of the four extracts on the activity of the four major CYP450 isoforms (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) were determined using the CYP-specific model activity of each isoform. All four fractions of the extract were shown to be poor inhibitors of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL) and moderate inhibitors of CYP3A4 (IC50 = 56.54-296.9 μg/mL). CGDCM and CGW exerted moderate inhibition activities on CYP2C9 (IC50 = 59.56 and 46.38 μg/mL, respectively), but CGEtOH and CGEtOAc exhibited strong inhibition activities (IC50 = 12.11 and 20.43 μg/mL, respectively). It is proposed that C. gigantea extracts at high doses have potential for further studies to develop alternative anticancer applications. Inhibiting CYP2C9 activity may also lead to drug-herb interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pennapha Suknoppakit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | | | - Orakot Simanurak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Julintorn Somran
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Parhira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Dumrongsak Pekthong
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Srisawang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Xiang Y, Zhai G, Li Y, Wang M, Chen X, Wang R, Xie H, Zhang W, Ge G, Zhang Q, Xu Y, Caflisch A, Xu J, Chen H, Chen L. Ginkgolic acids inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and its variants by blocking the spike protein/ACE2 interplay. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:780-792. [PMID: 36521705 PMCID: PMC9743696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the interaction between the spike protein receptor binding domain (S-RBD) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, we still lack small-molecule drug candidates for this target due to the missing knowledge in the hot spots for the protein-protein interaction. Here, we used NanoBiT technology to identify three Ginkgolic acids from an in-house traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) library, and they interfere with the S-RBD/ACE2 interplay. Our pseudovirus assay showed that one of the compounds, Ginkgolic acid C17:1 (GA171), significantly inhibits the entry of original SARS-CoV-2 and its variants into the ACE2-overexpressed HEK293T cells. We investigated and proposed the binding sites of GA171 on S-RBD by combining molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Site-directed mutagenesis and surface plasmon resonance revealed that GA171 specifically binds to the pocket near R403 and Y505, critical residues of S-RBD for S-RBD interacting with ACE2. Thus, we provide structural insights into developing new small-molecule inhibitors and vaccines against the proposed S-RBD binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusen Xiang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guanglei Zhai
- Shanghai HighsLab Therapeutics. Inc., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yaozong Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mengge Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xixiang Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ruyu Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hang Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China,Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yechun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Amedeo Caflisch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jianrong Xu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China,Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China,Corresponding authors
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China,Corresponding authors
| | - Lili Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China,Corresponding authors
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10
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Pharmacological Activities of Ginkgolic Acids in Relation to Autophagy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121469. [PMID: 36558920 PMCID: PMC9785683 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived natural compounds are widely used as alternative medicine in healthcare throughout the world. Ginkgolic acids, the phenolic compounds isolated from the leaves and seeds of Ginkgo biloba, are among the chemicals that have been explored the most. Ginkgolic acids exhibit cytotoxic activity against a vast number of human cancers in various preclinical models in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, the pharmacological activities of ginkgolic acids are also involved in antidiabetic, anti-bacteria, anti-virus, anti-fibrosis, and reno/neuroprotection. Autophagy as a highly conserved self-cleaning process that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis and has been proven to serve as a protective mechanism in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases. In this review, we surveyed the pharmacological activities of the major three forms of ginkgolic acids (C13:0, C15:1, and C17:1) that are linked to autophagic activity and the mechanisms to which these compounds may participate. A growing body of studies in last decade suggests that ginkgolic acids may represent promising chemical compounds in future drug development and an alternative remedy in humans.
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Chen X, Zhu M, Zou X, Mao Y, Niu J, Jiang J, Dong T, Shi Y, Yang X, Liu P. CCL2-targeted ginkgolic acid exerts anti-glioblastoma effects by inhibiting the JAK3-STAT1/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Life Sci 2022; 311:121174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Calotropis gigantea stem bark extracts inhibit liver cancer induced by diethylnitrosamine. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12151. [PMID: 35840761 PMCID: PMC9287404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Several fractions of Calotropis gigantea extracts have been proposed to have potential anticancer activity in many cancer models. The present study evaluated the anticancer activity of C. gigantea stem bark extracts in liver cancer HepG2 cells and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced primary liver cancer in rats. The carcinogenesis model induced by DEN administration has been widely used to study pathophysiological features and responses in rats that are comparable to those seen in cancer patients. The dichloromethane (CGDCM), ethyl acetate, and water fractions obtained from partitioning crude ethanolic extract were quantitatively analyzed for several groups of secondary metabolites and calactin contents. A combination of C. gigantea stem bark extracts with doxorubicin (DOX) was assessed in this study to demonstrate the enhanced cytotoxic effect to cancer compared to the single administration. The combination of DOX and CGDCM, which had the most potential cytotoxic effect in HepG2 cells when compared to the other three fractions, significantly increased cytotoxicity through the apoptotic effect with increased caspase-3 expression. This combination treatment also reduced ATP levels, implying a correlation between ATP and apoptosis induction. In a rat model of DEN-induced liver cancer, treatment with DOX, C. gigantea at low (CGDCM-L) and high (CGDCM-H) doses, and DOX + CGDCM-H for 4 weeks decreased the progression of liver cancer by lowering the liver weight/body weight ratio and the occurrence of liver hyperplastic nodules, fibrosis, and proliferative cells. The therapeutic applications lowered TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β, and α-SMA inflammatory cytokines in a similar way, implying that CGDCM had a curative effect against the inflammation-induced liver carcinogenesis produced by DEN exposure. Furthermore, CGDCM and DOX therapy decreased ATP and fatty acid synthesis in rat liver cancer, which was correlated with apoptosis inhibition. CGDCM reduced cleaved caspase-3 expression in liver cancer rats when used alone or in combination with DOX, implying that apoptosis-inducing hepatic carcinogenesis was suppressed. Our results also verified the low toxicity of CGDCM injection on the internal organs of rats. Thus, this research clearly demonstrated a promising, novel anticancer approach that could be applied in future clinical studies of CGDCM and combination therapy.
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Sheng H, Hao Z, Zhu L, Zeng Y, He J. Construction and validation of a two-gene signature based on SUMOylation regulatory genes in non-small cell lung cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:572. [PMID: 35606717 PMCID: PMC9125860 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09575-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-translational modification plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, few researches were focusing on the SUMOylation regulatory genes as tumor biomarkers to predict the survival for specific patients. Here, we constructed and validated a two-gene signature to predict the overall survival (OS) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS The datasets analyzed in this study were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression was used to construct the two-gene signature. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) was used to identify hub pathways associated with risk genes. The CCK-8 assay, cell cycle analysis, and transwell assay was used to validate the function of risk genes in NSCLC cell lines. RESULTS Firstly, most of the SUMOylation regulatory genes were highly expressed in various tumors through the R package 'limma' in the TCGA database. Secondly, our study found that the two gene signature constructed by LASSO regression analysis, as an independent prognostic factor, could predict the OS in both the TCGA training cohort and GEO validation cohorts (GSE68465, GSE37745, and GSE30219). Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis suggests that high-risk patients defined by the risk score system were associated with the malignant phenomenon, such as DNA replication, cell cycle regulation, p53 signaling pathway. Finally, the results of the CCK-8 assay, cell cycle analysis, and transwell assay demonstrated that the two risk genes, SAE1 and UBA2, could promote proliferation and migration in non-small cell lung cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS The two-gene signature constructed in our study could predict the OS and may provide valuable clinical guidance for the treatment of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Sheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhexue Hao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linhai Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China National Center for Respiratory Medicine, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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Zimmermann-Klemd AM, Reinhardt JK, Winker M, Gründemann C. Phytotherapy in Integrative Oncology-An Update of Promising Treatment Options. Molecules 2022; 27:3209. [PMID: 35630688 PMCID: PMC9143079 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern phytotherapy is part of today's conventional evidence-based medicine and the use of phytopharmaceuticals in integrative oncology is becoming increasingly popular. Approximately 40% of users of such phytopharmaceuticals are tumour patients. The present review provides an overview of the most important plants and nature-based compounds used in integrative oncology and illustrates their pharmacological potential in preclinical and clinical settings. A selection of promising anti-tumour plants and ingredients was made on the basis of scientific evidence and therapeutic practical relevance and included Boswellia, gingko, ginseng, ginger, and curcumin. In addition to these nominees, there is a large number of other interesting plants and plant ingredients that can be considered for the treatment of cancer diseases or for the treatment of tumour or tumour therapy-associated symptoms. Side effects and interactions are included in the discussion. However, with the regular and intended use of phytopharmaceuticals, the occurrence of adverse side effects is rather rare. Overall, the use of defined phytopharmaceuticals is recommended in the context of a rational integrative oncology approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M. Zimmermann-Klemd
- Translational Complementary Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; (A.M.Z.-K.); (M.W.)
| | - Jakob K. Reinhardt
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Moritz Winker
- Translational Complementary Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; (A.M.Z.-K.); (M.W.)
| | - Carsten Gründemann
- Translational Complementary Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; (A.M.Z.-K.); (M.W.)
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15
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Cheshomi H, Bahrami AR, Rafatpanah H, Matin MM. The effects of ellagic acid and other pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) derivatives on human gastric cancer AGS cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271211064534. [PMID: 35179410 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211064534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although surgery with or without (neo)adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy, as the standard treatments, can be suitable therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer, side effects and drug resistance are two main treatment obstacles. It has been discovered that pomegranate and its natural derivatives, especially ellagic acid (EA), offer significant anti-cancer effects while causing trivial side effects. In this study, we aimed to explore the anti-cancer effects of EA on a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS) as well as in immunocompromised mice bearing human gastric tumors, for the first time. HPLC was used for determining EA in samples. MTT assay, apoptosis and scratch assay, gelatin zymography, and quantitative RT-PCR were used to determine the anti-cancer properties of different concentrations of pomegranate fruit juice, pomegranate peel extract, and EA. Furthermore, the effects of these compounds were investigated on immunosuppressed C57BL/6 mice carrying human gastric cancer tumors. EA could inhibit the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells. It also had significant effects on reducing both expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Further, it was demonstrated that with alterations in the expression of genes involved in apoptosis and inflammation including P53, BAX, APAF1, BCL2, iNOS, NF-κB, IL-8, and TNF-α, EA treatment led to increased cancer cell death and reduced inflammation. Furthermore, its use in mice bearing gastric tumors resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume without any obvious side effects. Ellagic acid exhibited anti-cancer effects on gastric adenocarcinoma, and can be considered as a safe anti-cancer agent for further preclinical studies on this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Cheshomi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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Boateng ID. A critical review of Ginkgolic acid in Ginkgo biloba leaves extract (EGb). Toxicity, technologies to remove the ginkgolic acids and its promising bioactivities. Food Funct 2022; 13:9226-9242. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01827f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba leaves extract (EGb) is high in bioactive components (over 170), which are used in food additives, medicine, cosmetics, health products, and other sectors. Nonetheless, ginkgolic acids (GAs) in...
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17
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Zhou L, Li S, Sun J. Ginkgolic acid induces apoptosis and autophagy of endometrial carcinoma cells via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in vivo and in vitro. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:2156-2164. [PMID: 34132136 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211023789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common malignancy in women in developed countries. The prognosis of EC is extremely poor, and it is an important factor that contributes to the death of patients. Therefore, studying EC pathogenesis and therapeutic targets, and exploring effective drugs are the primary tasks to improve the prognosis of EC. In the present study, we aimed to explore the function of ginkgolic acid (GA) in EC cell apoptosis and autophagy through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway in vitro and in vivo. Firstly, MTT assay and clone formation assay were employed to analyze the Ishikawa and HEC-1-B cell viabilities and proliferation after treatment with GA. The results showed that GA inhibited endometrial cancer cell survival. Flow cytometry assay and western blot assay were applied to examine the apoptosis and apoptosis related protein Bcl-2, Bax, Cleaved caspase-3 expression levels of Ishikawa and HEC-1-B cells after treatment with GA. Next, we applied western blot assay to analyze the autophagy associated proteins LC3I, LC3II, p62 and Beclin-1 in GA treated Ishikawa and HEC-1-B cells. We found that GA promoted apoptosis and induced autophagy of endometrial cancer cells. Meanwhile, western blot assay was also used to determine the expression levels of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway related protein and the results revealed that GA inhibited the activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Finally, we found that GA inhibited tumor growth in vivo through immunohistochemistry assay. In conclusion, GA induces apoptosis and autophagy of EC cells via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in vivo and vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 232830The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - S Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 232830The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 232830Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
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18
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Khoubai FZ, Grosset CF. DUSP9, a Dual-Specificity Phosphatase with a Key Role in Cell Biology and Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111538. [PMID: 34768967 PMCID: PMC8583968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are essential for proper cell functioning as they regulate many molecular effectors. Careful regulation of MAPKs is therefore required to avoid MAPK pathway dysfunctions and pathologies. The mammalian genome encodes about 200 phosphatases, many of which dephosphorylate the MAPKs and bring them back to an inactive state. In this review, we focus on the normal and pathological functions of dual-specificity phosphatase 9 (DUSP9)/MAP kinase phosphatases-4 (MKP-4). This cytoplasmic phosphatase, which belongs to the threonine/tyrosine dual-specific phosphatase family and was first described in 1997, is known to dephosphorylate ERK1/2, p38, JNK and ASK1, and thereby to control various MAPK pathway cascades. As a consequence, DUSP9 plays a major role in human pathologies and more specifically in cardiac dysfunction, liver metabolic syndromes, diabetes, obesity and cancer including drug response and cell stemness. Here, we recapitulate the mechanism of action of DUSP9 in the cell, its levels of regulation and its roles in the most frequent human diseases, and discuss its potential as a therapeutic target.
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19
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Yang N, Hui W, Dong S, Zhang X, Shao L, Jia Y, Mak PI, Paulo da Silva Martins R. Temperature Tolerance Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing for Joint Assessment of Cell Viability and Vitality. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3640-3649. [PMID: 34449212 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of the cell health status is critical for drug screening and cell physiological activity investigations. The existing cell health assessment methods are solely devoted to the study of cell vitality or viability, leading to an incomplete evaluation. Herein, we report a convenient and robust method for the joint assessment of cell viability and vitality based on electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) supplied with an environmental temperature control. The static value of electric cell-substrate impedance reflects the survival rate of cells, while the temperature tolerance of cells demonstrates the cell vitality. It was found that the cell vitality evaluated by the temperature tolerance of cells was independent of the initial cell numbers, rendering the proposed method easy to utilize in various applications. We compared the temperature tolerance ECIS method with the traditional trypan blue staining method, the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, and the direct impedance sensing method for joint evaluation of cell viability and vitality in drug screening. The temperature tolerance ECIS method showed comparable results but with a simpler protocol, faster results, and less dependence on the sample conditions. By providing both information on cell viability and cell vitality, the proposed temperature tolerance ECIS method would pave the way in building a simple and robust sensing system for cell health evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 212013, China
- State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, Institute of Microelectronics, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Wenhao Hui
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Sizhe Dong
- State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, Institute of Microelectronics, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology—ECE, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Liyang Shao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Yanwei Jia
- State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, Institute of Microelectronics, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology—ECE, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Pui-In Mak
- State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, Institute of Microelectronics, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology—ECE, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Rui Paulo da Silva Martins
- State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, Institute of Microelectronics, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology—ECE, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- On Leave from Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1000-001, Portugal
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20
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Xiao Y, Li F, Zheng A, Chen Q, Chen F, Cheng X, Tao Z. Ginkgolic Acid Suppresses Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Growth by Inducing Apoptosis and Inhibiting AKT/NF-κB Signaling. J Med Food 2021; 24:806-816. [PMID: 34382859 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is not common worldwide, it is a major public health burden in endemic areas. Distant metastasis often leads to a poor prognosis for NPC; therefore, new and effective anticancer strategies are needed. Ginkgolic acid (GA) is small-molecule compound existing in Ginkgo biloba that has various biologically relevant activities, including antitumor properties; however, its effects and mechanism of action in NPC are unknown. The effects of GA on NPC and such underlying mechanisms were investigated using 5-8F and CNE2 cells and NP69 human immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cells in this study. Moreover, the xenograft models were built to examine GA's effection in vivo. GA treatment decreased the survival and invasive capacity of 5-8F and CNE2 and induced their apoptosis, which varied with dose; this was accompanied by downregulation of B cell lymphoma (Bcl)2, upregulation of Bcl2-associated X protein, and activation of poly-ADP ribose polymerase, and caspase-9/-3. G0/G1 phase arrest was induced by GA in NPCs. It also reduced the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 6 and its regulators cyclin D2 and cyclin D3. GA inhibited the activation of protein kinase B/nuclear factor signaling; this effect was potentiated with GA and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which also enhanced 5-FU-induced apoptosis. In summary, GA may be effective as an adjuvant to conventional chemotherapy drugs in preventing the progression of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Anyuan Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qibing Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuhai Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zezhang Tao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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21
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Liang X, Wang P, Yang C, Huang F, Wu H, Shi H, Wu X. Galangin Inhibits Gastric Cancer Growth Through Enhancing STAT3 Mediated ROS Production. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:646628. [PMID: 33981228 PMCID: PMC8109028 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.646628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Galangin, a flavonoid isolated from the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum (Hance), exerts anticancer activities against many cancer cells such as liver cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer and esophageal cancer. However, the effect, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism of galangin on gastric cancer remains to be elucidated. In the present study, galangin inhibited cell viability of MGC 803 cells but not normal gastric mucosal epithelial GES-1 cells. It suppressed cell proliferation accompanied by reduced Ki67 and PCNA expression, promoted apoptosis shown by decreased Bcl-2 and elevated cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP. And, galangin significantly inactivated JAK2/STAT3 pathway. When STAT3 was overexpressed, the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis promotion induced by galangin were abrogated. Meanwhile, galangin increased ROS accumulation, and reduced Nrf2 and NQO-1, but elevated HO-1 in MGC 803 cells. NAC, a ROS scavenger, rescued ROS over-accumulation and proliferation inhibition of galangin. STAT3 overexpression also counteracted excessive ROS accumulation induced by galangin. Consistent with the in vitro experiments, in nude mice exnografted with MGC 803 cells, galangin inhibited tumor growth and reversed the abnormally expressed proteins, such as p-JAK2, p-STAT3, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, and Ki67. Taken together, galangin was suggested to inhibit the growth of MGC 803 cells through inducing apoptosis and decreasing cell proliferation, which might be mediated by modulating STAT3/ROS axis. Our findings implicate a potential application of galangin for gastric cancer therapy possibly with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Banerjee S, Katiyar P, Kumar V, Saini SS, Varshney R, Krishnan V, Sircar D, Roy P. Black pepper and piperine induce anticancer effects on leukemia cell line. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:169-182. [PMID: 33884168 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The black pepper, most commonly used in Indian cuisines for ages, is considered as "king of spices." The present study evaluates the anticancer potential of black pepper and its main constituent, i.e. alkaloid piperine, against human leukemia cell line, K-562 cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis confirmed the presence of piperine in black pepper extract. The methanolic extract of black pepper (BP-M) and pure piperine (PIP) showed a strong cytotoxic effect against this cell line. Both BP-M and PIP generated apoptotic bodies in K-562 cells and caused nuclear condensation as visualized by fluorescent microscopy, which was further confirmed by flow cytometry analysis. BP-M and PIP also generated reactive oxygen species in K-562 cells as established by flow cytometry. The translation of Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 genes was found to be upregulated with subsequent downregulation of Bcl-2 gene. The anti-proliferative effect of both BP-M and PIP was also observed by trypan blue staining and was further confirmed by the downregulated expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The molecular docking studies showed the binding of PIP with PCNA and Bcl-2 and supported the in vitro findings. The docking studies also proposed the binding of PIP to ADP binding pocket of Apaf-1 protein. Taken together, these findings signify the anticancer potential of both black pepper and PIP, thus proposing black pepper as a potent nutraceutical for preventing the progression of chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somesh Banerjee
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Parul Katiyar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Laboratory of Structural Microbiology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Shashank Sagar Saini
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ritu Varshney
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vengadesan Krishnan
- Laboratory of Structural Microbiology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
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Xiao Y, Gao Y, Li F, Deng Z. Combinational dual drug delivery system to enhance the care and treatment of gastric cancer patients. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:1491-1500. [PMID: 33100060 PMCID: PMC7594745 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1822460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a frequently occurring cancer with high mortality each year worldwide. Finding new and effective therapeutic strategy against human gastric cancer is still urgently required. Hence, we have established a new method to achieve treatment-actuated modifications in a tumor microenvironment by utilizing synergistic activity between two potential anticancer drugs. Dual drug delivery of gemcitabine (GEM) and Camptothecin-11 (CPT-11) exhibits a great anti-cancer potential, as GEM enhances the effect of CPT-11 treatment of human gastric cells by providing microenvironment stability. However, encapsulation of GEM and CPT-11 obsessed by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based nanoparticles (NPs) is incompetent owing to unsuitability between the binary free GEM and CPT-11 moieties and the polymeric system. Now, we display that CPT-11 can be prepared by hydrophobic covering of the drug centers with dioleoylphosphatidic acid (DOPA). The DOPA-covered CPT-11 can be co-encapsulated in PLGA NPs alongside GEM to stimulate excellent anticancer property. The occurrence of the CPT-11 suggestively enhanced the encapsulations of GEM into PLGA NPs (GEM-CPT-11 NPs). Formation of the nanocomposite (GEM-CPT-11 NPs) was confirmed by FTIR and X-ray spectroscopic techniques. Further, the morphology of GEM NPs, CPT-11 NPs, and GEM-CPT-11 NPs and NP size was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. Furthermore, GEM-CPT-11 NPs induced significant apoptosis in human gastric NCI-N87 and SGC-791 cancer cells in vitro. The morphological observation and apoptosis were confirmed by the various biochemical assays (AO-EB, nuclear staining, and annexin V-FITC). In addition, evaluation of the hemolysis assay with erythrocytes of human shows excellent biocompatibility of free GEM, free CPT-11, GEM NPs, CPT-11 NPs, and GEM-CPT-11 NPs. The results suggest that GEM-CPT-11 NPs are one of the promising nursing cares for human gastric cancer therapeutic candidates worthy of further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiao
- Second Department of General Surgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Yuewen Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, PR China
| | - Fajuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, PR China
| | - Zhihe Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Ashrafizadeh M, Najafi M, Makvandi P, Zarrabi A, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. Versatile role of curcumin and its derivatives in lung cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9241-9268. [PMID: 32519340 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a main cause of death all over the world with a high incidence rate. Metastasis into neighboring and distant tissues as well as resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy demand novel strategies in lung cancer therapy. Curcumin is a naturally occurring nutraceutical compound derived from Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has great pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antidiabetic. The excellent antitumor activity of curcumin has led to its extensive application in the treatment of various cancers. In the present review, we describe the antitumor activity of curcumin against lung cancer. Curcumin affects different molecular pathways such as vascular endothelial growth factors, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin, PI3/Akt, microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs in treatment of lung cancer. Curcumin also can induce autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest to reduce the viability and proliferation of lung cancer cells. Notably, curcumin supplementation sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy and enhances chemotherapy-mediated apoptosis. Curcumin can elevate the efficacy of radiotherapy in lung cancer therapy by targeting various signaling pathways, such as epidermal growth factor receptor and NF-κB. Curcumin-loaded nanocarriers enhance the bioavailability, cellular uptake, and antitumor activity of curcumin. The aforementioned effects are comprehensively discussed in the current review to further direct studies for applying curcumin in lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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