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Li B, Shen E, Wu Z, Qi H, Wu C, Liu D, Jiang X. BMSC-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Rat Osteoarthritis by Regulating Macrophage Polarization through PINK1/Parkin Signaling Pathway. Cartilage 2024:19476035241245805. [PMID: 38641989 DOI: 10.1177/19476035241245805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) may modulate the M1/M2 polarization of macrophages during osteoarthritis (OA). However, the underlying mechanisms of BMSC-Exos in this process still need to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the role of BMSC-Exos in the polarization of macrophages in vitro and the OA rats in vivo. METHODS The effects of BMSC-Exos on RAW264.7 cells were determined, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the protein expression of Akt, PINK1, and Parkin. We prepared an OA model by resecting the anterior cruciate ligament and medial meniscus of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and safranin O-fast green staining, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses, and the examination of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were performed to assess changes in cartilage and synovium. RESULTS BMSC-Exos inhibited mitochondrial membrane damage, ROS production, and the protein expression of PINK1 and Parkin. Akt phosphorylation was downregulated under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction but significantly recovered after treatment with BMSC-Exos. BMSC-Exos alleviated cartilage damage, inhibited M1 polarization, and promoted M2 polarization in the synovium in OA rats. The expression of PINK1 and Parkin in the synovium and the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the serum decreased, but the level of IL-10 increased when BMSC-Exos were used in OA rats. CONCLUSION BMSC-Exos ameliorate OA development by regulating synovial macrophage polarization, and one of the underlying mechanisms may be through inhibiting PINK1/Parkin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Enpu Shen
- Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng'ai Wu
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, China
| | - Danping Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Lu C, Zhang S, Lei SS, Wang D, Peng B, Shi R, Chong CM, Zhong Z, Wang Y. A comprehensive review of the classical prescription Yiguan Jian: Phytochemistry, quality control, clinical applications, pharmacology, and safety profile. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117230. [PMID: 37778517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yiguan Jian (YGJ) is a classical prescription, which employs 6 kinds of medicinal herbs including Rehmanniae Radix, Lycii Fructus, Angelicae sinensis Radix, Glehniae Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, and Toosendan Fructus. YGJ decoction is originally prescribed in Qing Dynasty (1636 CE ∼ 1912 CE) in China, and is commonly used to treat liver diseases. There remain abundant literature investigating YGJ decoction from multiple aspects, but few reviews summarized the research and gave a precise definition, which impedes further applications and commercialization of YGJ decoction. AIM OF THE REVIEW The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive descriptions of YGJ decoction, tackling with issues in the research and development of YGJ decoction. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature and clinical reports were obtained from the databases including Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science Periodical Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and SinoMed since 2000. The phytochemical characteristics, quality control, pharmaceutical forms, clinical position, pharmacological effects, and toxic events of YGJ decoction were included for analysis. RESULT This review firstly summarized the progress of the chemical existences of YGJ decoction and discussed the advanced methods in monitoring quality of YGJ decoction and its herbal ingredients, particularly in the form of granules. Whilst this review aims to identify the pharmacological actions and clinical impacts of YGJ decoction, the medicinal materials that could provide these benefits were observed in the remaining herbs to exert the anti-fibrotic effects, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic effects, and to universally treat liver and gastric diseases. This review provided supplementary descriptions on the safety issues, especially in Glehniae Radix and Toosendan Fructus, to define the alterations between hepatoprotective activities and unclear toxics in YGJ decoction application. CONCLUSIONS Our comprehensively organized review discussed the chemical characteristics and the research in altering or identifying these essences. The effects of YGJ decoction on the non-clinical and clinical tests exert the good management of sophisticated diseases. In this review, current issues are discussed to inform and inspire subsequent research of YGJ decoction and other classical prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Si San Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Danni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ruipeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Cheong-Meng Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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Zheng MZ, Lou JS, Fan YP, Fu CY, Mao XJ, Li X, Zhong K, Lu LH, Wang LL, Chen YY, Zheng LR. Identification of autophagy-associated circRNAs in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy of mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11807. [PMID: 37479790 PMCID: PMC10361974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38998-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a role in sepsis-related autophagy. However, the role of circRNAs in autophagy after sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is unknown, so we explored the circRNA expression profiles associated with autophagy in an acute sepsis mouse model. At a dose of 10 mg/kg, mice were intraperitoneally administered with lipopolysaccharides. The myocardial tissue was harvested after 6 h for microarray analysis, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were evaluated, and a competing endogenous RNA network was constructed, to evaluate the role of circRNAs related to autophagy in SICM. In total, 1,735 differently expressed circRNAs were identified in the LPS-treated group, including 990 upregulated and 745 downregulated circRNAs. The expression level of the autophagy-specific protein p62 decreased, while the ratio of LC3 II to LC3 I increased. Additionally, 309 mRNAs and 187 circRNAs were correlated with autophagy in myocardial tissue after SICM. Of these, 179 circRNAs were predicted to function as "miRNA sponges". Some distinctive circRNAs and mRNAs found by ceRNA analysis might be involved in autophagy in SICM. These findings provide insights into circRNAs and identified new research targets that may be used to further explore the pathogenesis of SICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology and Atrial Fibrillation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Sheng Lou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yun-Peng Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chun-Yan Fu
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing-Jia Mao
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin-Huizi Lu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liang-Rong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology and Atrial Fibrillation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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An overview of Fructus Meliae Toosendan: Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113795. [PMID: 36395606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructus Meliae Toosendan (FMT) is the dried and mature fruit of MeLia toosendan Sieb.et Zucc. It contains a variety of chemical constituents and reported to possess a variety of pharmacological activities. This review aims to provide a thorough and organized summary of botany, traditional uses, chemical ingredients, pharmacological actions, toxicity, quality control, and uses. In this review, we have compiled the data regarding FMT from 1994 to 2022 in the databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Baidu Scholar. The keywords: "Fructus Meliae Toosendan", "botany", "traditional uses","chemical components", "pharmacological activity", "toxicity", "quality control" and "clinical application" have been used to collected the literature published in the online bibliographic databases. Based on the correlation of these documents and FMT, 126 articles were finally selected as references. This paper provides a reasonable summary of the 190 chemical components of FMT and its pharmacological effects and toxicity. Moreover, this paper also compiled the quality control studies and clinical applications. In the future, more experimental studies on FMT are needed to achieve the purpose of toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing. This comprehensive review of FMT can provide a reference for subsequent relevant studies.
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Fan G, Li F, Wang P, Jin X, Liu R. Natural-Product-Mediated Autophagy in the Treatment of Various Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315109. [PMID: 36499429 PMCID: PMC9739742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is essential for the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis, and autophagic malfunction has been linked to the pathogenesis of substantial liver diseases. As a popular source of drug discovery, natural products have been used for centuries to effectively prevent the progression of various liver diseases. Emerging evidence has suggested that autophagy regulation is a critical mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of these natural products. In this review, relevant studies are retrieved from scientific databases published between 2011 and 2022, and a novel scoring system was established to critically evaluate the completeness and scientific significance of the reviewed literature. We observed that numerous natural products were suggested to regulate autophagic flux. Depending on the therapeutic or pathogenic role autophagy plays in different liver diseases, autophagy-regulative natural products exhibit different therapeutic effects. According to our novel scoring system, in a considerable amount of the involved studies, convincing and reasonable evidence to elucidate the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of natural-product-mediated autophagy regulation was missing and needed further illustration. We highlight that autophagy-regulative natural products are valuable drug candidates with promising prospects for the treatment of liver diseases and deserve more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fanghong Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuejing Jin
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (X.J.); (R.L.); Tel.: +86-15632374331 (X.J.); +86-10-53912122 (R.L.)
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (X.J.); (R.L.); Tel.: +86-15632374331 (X.J.); +86-10-53912122 (R.L.)
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Mo H, Wang X, Ji G, Liang X, Yang Y, Sun W, Jia X, Xu L, Qiao Y, Zhou H, Zhao W, Fu S, Zhang X. The effect of SNPs in lncRNA as ceRNA on the risk and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:769. [DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Most susceptible loci of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are located in non-coding regions, and the mechanism of action remains unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that affect competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) regulation mechanism with the risk and prognosis of HCC.
Methods
Based on a set of bioinformatics strategies, eight lncRNA genes that affect HCC through the mechanism of lncRNA-mediated ceRNA were systematically screened, and 15 SNPs that affect microRNA (miRNA) binding in these lncRNA genes were annotated. Genotyping was performed in 800 HCC cases and 801 healthy controls to examine associations of these SNPs with HCC in a northeastern Chinese Han population.
Results
The GG, GC and GG + GC genotypes of HOTAIR rs7958904 were associated with a 0.65, 0.59 and 0.63-fold decreased HCC risk, respectively. In addition, HCC patients with PVT1 rs3931282 AA + GA genotypes were less prone to develop late-stage cancers in a stratified analysis of clinical characteristics. When stratified by clinical biochemical indexes, rs1134492 and rs10589312 in PVT1 and rs84557 in EGFR-AS1 showed significant associations with aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or AST/ALT ratio in HCC patients. Furthermore, we constructed potential ceRNA regulatory axes that might be affected by five positive SNPs to explain the causes of these genetic associations.
Conclusions
HOTAIR rs7958904, PVT1 rs3931282, rs1134492 and rs10589312, and EGFR-AS1 rs84557 might be predictors for HCC risk or prognosis. Our results provide new insights into how SNPs on lncRNA-mediated ceRNAs confer interindividual differences to occurrence and progression of HCC.
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Wu Q, Duan WZ, Chen JB, Zhao XP, Li XJ, Liu YY, Ma QY, Xue Z, Chen JX. Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Roles in Developing Therapeutic Approach and Delivery Tool of Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Depressive Disorder. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:843412. [PMID: 35401216 PMCID: PMC8988068 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.843412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited particles released by cells, which play an essential role in intercellular communication by delivering cellular components including DNA, RNA, lipids, metabolites, cytoplasm, and cell surface proteins into recipient cells. EVs play a vital role in the pathogenesis of depression by transporting miRNA and effector molecules such as BDNF, IL34. Considering that some herbal therapies exhibit antidepressant effects, EVs might be a practical delivery approach for herbal medicine. Since EVs can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), one of the advantages of EV-mediated herbal drug delivery for treating depression with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is that EVs can transfer herbal medicine into the brain cells. This review focuses on discussing the roles of EVs in the pathophysiology of depression and outlines the emerging application of EVs in delivering CHM for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wen-Zhen Duan
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jian-Bei Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Yun Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Yu Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Xue
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Sun M, Liu Q, Liang Q, Gao S, Zhuang K, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Liu K, She G, Xia Q. Toosendanin triggered hepatotoxicity in zebrafish via inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis pathways. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 250:109171. [PMID: 34454086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Toosendanin (TSN) is a crucial component from Toosendan Fructus with a promising anti-tumor capacity. It is also the primary suspect hepatotoxic component of Toosendan Fructus. However, the mechanisms underlying TSN-induced liver injury are still largely unknown. In present study, we evaluated the hepatotoxicity of TSN on zebrafish and explored the role of inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis in TSN-induced hepatotoxicity. We found that TSN treatment decreased the area and fluorescence intensity of zebrafish liver in time- and dose-dependent manners at nonlethal concentrations. The ALT and AST activities were increased after TSN treatment. Severe cytoplasmic vacuolation and nuclear shrank were found in the liver of TSN-treated zebrafish. The expression profile of genes demonstrated that inflammation, autophagy and apoptosis pathways were involved in TSN-induced hepatotoxicity. Our study demonstrated for the first time that TSN treatment gave rise to liver injury in zebrafish, and inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis played a role in TSN-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Qiuxia Liang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Shuo Gao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; School of Pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kaiyan Zhuang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Huazheng Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, China.
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Qing Xia
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang P, Wang Q, Sheng X, Zhang J, Lu X, Fan X. Protective effects of Ginkgo Biloba Dropping Pills against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Chin Med 2020; 15:122. [PMID: 33292377 PMCID: PMC7678318 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00404-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an inevitable pathological phenomenon in various clinical conditions, such as liver transplantation, resection surgery, or shock, which is the major cause of morbidity and mortality after operation. Ginkgo Biloba Dropping Pill (GBDP) is a unique Chinese Ginkgo Biloba leaf extract preparation that exhibits a variety of beneficial biological activities. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of GBDP on the liver I/R injury both in the in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) experiments were performed in alpha mouse liver 12 (AML-12) cells and primary hepatocytes, which were pretreated with GBDP (60 or 120 µg/mL) followed by incubation in a hypoxia chamber. Cell viability was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Annexin V staining as well as western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins was performed to detect the protective effect of GBDP on cell apoptosis induced by H/R injury. C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the liver I/R injury model, and were pretreated with GBDP (100 or 200 mg/kg/day, i.g.) for two weeks. The liver damage was evaluated by detection of plasma levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), as well as histopathological examinations. Liver inflammation was determined by detecting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil infiltration through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) immunohistochemistry staining. Finally, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick and labeling (TUNEL) staining and western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins were used to investigate the anti-apoptotic effect of GBDP in mice. RESULTS In the in vitro study, GBDP pretreatment improved the cell viability of AML-12 cells in the H/R injury model. Similarly, the same result was found in the primary hepatocytes isolated from C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, GBDP decreased the number of apoptotic cells and reduced the expression of apoptosis-related proteins induced by H/R injury. In the in vivo study, oral administration of GBDP ameliorated liver injury evidenced by a significant decline in the levels of ALT and AST. Furthermore, the result of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed that GBDP reduced the size of necrosis area in the liver tissue. In addition, the decreased infiltration of neutrophils and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines indicated that GBDP may play an anti-inflammatory effect. More importantly, GBDP reduced TUNEL-positive cells and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in the liver indicating GBDP has anti-apoptotic effects. CONCLUSIONS Our findings elucidated that GBDP has potential effects for protecting against liver I/R injury characterized by its anti-apoptotic, anti-necrotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, which would promisingly make contributions to the exploration of therapeutic strategies in the liver I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Pharmaceutical informatics institute, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Pharmaceutical informatics institute, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Zhejiang University - Wanbangde pharmaceutical Group Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicine Modernization, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueping Sheng
- Zhejiang University - Wanbangde pharmaceutical Group Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicine Modernization, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbing Zhang
- Zhejiang University - Wanbangde pharmaceutical Group Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicine Modernization, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Pharmaceutical informatics institute, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical informatics institute, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China.
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Balasubramanian S, Gunasekaran K, Sasidharan S, Jeyamanickavel Mathan V, Perumal E. MicroRNAs and Xenobiotic Toxicity: An Overview. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:583-595. [PMID: 32426239 PMCID: PMC7225592 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are key regulators of gene expression at both transcription and translation. The role of miRNAs in xenobiotic toxicity and its potential as biomarkers are being explored. In spite of numerous studies, the complex mechanism of miRNA biogenesis and its regulation remains unclear.
The advent of new technologies has paved the rise of various chemicals that are being employed in industrial as well as consumer products. This leads to the accumulation of these xenobiotic compounds in the environment where they pose a serious threat to both target and non-target species. miRNAs are one of the key epigenetic mechanisms that have been associated with toxicity by modulating the gene expression post-transcriptionally. Here, we provide a comprehensive view on miRNA biogenesis, their mechanism of action and, their possible role in xenobiotic toxicity. Further, we review the recent in vitro and in vivo studies involved in xenobiotic exposure induced miRNA alterations and the mRNA-miRNA interactions. Finally, we address the challenges associated with the miRNAs in toxicological studies.
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Key Words
- ADAMTS9, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 9
- AHR, Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor
- AMPK, Adenosine Monophosphate-activated protein kinase
- ARRB1, Arrestin beta 1
- Ag, Silver
- Al2O3, Aluminium oxide
- Au, Gold
- Aβ, Amyloid Beta
- BCB, Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
- BNIP3−3, BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3
- BaP, Benzo[a]pyrene
- Biomarkers
- CCNB1, Cyclin B1
- CDC25A, M-phase inducer phosphatase 1
- CDC25C, M-phase inducer phosphatase 3
- CDK, Cyclin-dependent Kinase
- CDK1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 1
- CDK6, Cyclin-dependent kinase 6
- CDKN1b, Cyclin-dependent kinase Inhibitor 1B
- CEC, Contaminants of Emerging Concern
- COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- COX2, Cyclooxygenase-2
- CTGF, Connective Tissue Growth Factor
- DGCR8, DiGeorge syndrome chromosomal [or critical] region 8
- DNA, Deoxy ribonucleic acid
- DON, Deoxynivalenol
- ER, Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Environment
- Epigenetics
- Fadd, Fas-associated protein with death domain
- GTP, Guanosine triphosphate
- Gene regulation
- Grp78/BIP, Binding immunoglobulin protein
- HSPA1A, Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1
- Hpf, Hours post fertilization
- IL-6, Interleukin 6
- IL1R1, Interleukin 1 receptor, type 1
- LIN28B, Lin-28 homolog B
- LRP-1-, Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1
- MAPK, Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase
- MC-LR, Microcystin-Leucine Arginine
- MC-RR, Microcystin-Arginine Arginine
- MRE, MicroRNA Response Elements
- Mn, Manganese
- NASH, Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- NET1, Neuroepithelial Cell Transforming 1
- NF- ҡB, Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NFKBAP, NFKB Activating protein-1
- NMDAR, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor
- NPs, Nanoparticles
- Non-coding RNAs
- Nrf2, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
- PDCD4, Programmed cell death protein 4
- PFAS, Poly-fluoroalkyl substances
- PM2.5, Particulate Matter2.5
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- RNA, Ribonucleic acid
- RNAi, RNA interference
- RNase III, Ribonuclease III
- SEMA6D, Semaphorin-6D
- SOLiD, Sequencing by Oligonucleotide Ligation and Detection
- SPIONs, Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
- SiO2, Silicon dioxide
- TCDD, 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
- TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor – alpha
- TP53, Tumor protein 53
- TRBP, Transactivation Response RNA Binding Protein
- Toxicity
- UTR, Untranslated region
- WHO, World Health Organization
- Wnt, Wingless-related integration site
- ZEA, Zearalanone
- Zn, Zinc
- bcl2l11, B-cell lymphoma-2-like protein 11
- ceRNA, Competing endogenous RNA
- lncRNAs, Long non-coding RNA
- mRNA, Messenger RNA
- miRNA, MicroRNA
- qRT-PCR, quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction
- ripk 1, Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1
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11
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Xu Z, Wu Y, Wang F, Li X, Wang P, Li Y, Wu J, Li Y, Jiang T, Pan X, Zhang X, Xie L, Xiao J, Liu Y. Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 Ameliorates Diabetes-Induced Liver Injury by Reducing Cellular Stress and Restoring Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:52. [PMID: 32194395 PMCID: PMC7062965 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic dysfunction disease that causes several complications. Liver injury is one of these that severely affects patients with diabetes. Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) has glucose-lowering activity and plays a role in modulation of several liver injuries. Nevertheless, the effects and potential mechanisms of FGF1 against diabetes-induced liver injury are unknown. Methods To further investigate the effect of FGF1 on diabetic liver injury, we divided db/db mice into two groups and intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected either with FGF1 at 0.5 mg/kg body weight or saline every other day for 4 weeks. Then body weights were measured. Serum and liver tissues were collected for biochemical and molecular analyses. Results FGF1 significantly reduced blood glucose and ameliorated diabetes-induced liver steatosis, fibrosis, and apoptosis. FGF1 also restored defective hepatic autophagy in db/db mice. Mechanistic investigations showed that diabetes markedly induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress and that FGF1 treatment significantly attenuated these effects. Conclusions FGF1-associated glucose level reduction and amelioration of cellular stress are potential protective effects of FGF1 against diabetes-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junnan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xindian Pan
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center, Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Longteng Xie
- Department of Infection Diseases, Ningbo Fourth Hospital, Xiangshan, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Center for Health Assessment, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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