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Sharifi M, Kamalabadi-Farahani M, Salehi M, Ebrahimi-Brough S, Alizadeh M. Recent perspectives on the synergy of mesenchymal stem cells with micro/nano strategies in peripheral nerve regeneration-a review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1401512. [PMID: 39050683 PMCID: PMC11266111 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1401512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the intrinsic repair of peripheral nerve injury (PNI), it is important to carefully monitor the process of peripheral nerve repair, as peripheral nerve regeneration is slow and incomplete in large traumatic lesions. Hence, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with protective and regenerative functions are utilized in synergy with innovative micro/nano technologies to enhance the regeneration process of peripheral nerves. Nonetheless, as MSCs are assessed using standard regenerative criteria including sensory-motor indices, structural features, and morphology, it is challenging to differentiate between the protective and regenerative impacts of MSCs on neural tissue. This study aims to analyze the process of nerve regeneration, particularly the performance of MSCs with and without synergistic approaches. It also focuses on the paracrine secretions of MSCs and their conversion into neurons with functional properties that influence nerve regeneration after PNI. Furthermore, the study explores new ideas for nerve regeneration after PNI by considering the synergistic effect of MSCs and therapeutic compounds, neuronal cell derivatives, biological or polymeric conduits, organic/inorganic nanoparticles, and electrical stimulation. Finally, the study highlights the main obstacles to developing synergy in nerve regeneration after PNI and aims to open new windows based on recent advances in neural tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalabadi-Farahani
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Health Technology Incubator Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Brough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Abd-Rabou AA, Kishta MS, Yakout SM, Youssef AM, Abdallah AN, Ahmed HH. Copper/Tin Nanocomposites-Loaded Exosomes Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest at G0/G1 Phase in Skin Cancer Cell Line. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400486. [PMID: 38860853 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the efficacy of Copper/Tin (CuS/SnS) nanocomposites loaded into exosomes against skin cancer A431 cell line. CuS/SnS nanocomposites (S1, S2, S3) were synthesized and characterized, then loaded into exosomes (Exo) (S1-Exo, S2-Exo and S3-Exo) and characterized. After that, the loaded samples were investigated in vitro against A431 using cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays. CuS/SnS nanocomposites were indexed to hexagonal CuS structure and orthorhombic α-SnS phase and showed nano-rode shape. The exosomes loaded with nanocomposites were regular and rounded within the size of 120 nm, with no signs of broken exosomes or leakage of their contents. The cytotoxicity assay indicated the enhanced cytotoxic of S1-Exo versus the free nano-form S1 on A431. Interestingly, S1-Exo recorded 1.109 times more than DOX in its anti-skin cancer capacity. Moreover, S1-Exo recorded 40.2 % for early apoptosis and 22.1 % for late apoptosis. Furthermore, it displayed impact in arresting the cancer cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and reducing G2/M phase. Noteworthy, loaded nanocomposites were safe against normal HSF skin cells. In conclusion, the loaded CuS/SnS nanocomposites into the exosomes could be of great potential as anti-skin cancer candidates through induction of apoptosis and promotion of the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Abd-Rabou
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem Cell Lab., Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Kishta
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem Cell Lab., Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Saad M Yakout
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Inorganic Chemical Industries and Mineral Resources Research institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Youssef
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Inorganic Chemical Industries and Mineral Resources Research institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed N Abdallah
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem Cell Lab., Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H Ahmed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem Cell Lab., Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
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3
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Arrè V, Mastrogiacomo R, Balestra F, Serino G, Viti F, Rizzi F, Curri ML, Giannelli G, Depalo N, Scavo MP. Unveiling the Potential of Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Nanotools for Gastrointestinal Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:567. [PMID: 38675228 PMCID: PMC11055174 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), acting as inherent nanocarriers adept at transporting a range of different biological molecules such as proteins, lipids, and genetic material, exhibit diverse functions within the gastroenteric tract. In states of normal health, they participate in the upkeep of systemic and organ homeostasis. Conversely, in pathological conditions, they significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases (GIDs). Isolating EVs from patients' biofluids facilitates the discovery of new biomarkers that have the potential to offer a rapid, cost-effective, and non-invasive method for diagnosing and prognosing specific GIDs. Furthermore, EVs demonstrate considerable therapeutic potential as naturally targeted physiological carriers for the intercellular delivery of therapeutic cargo molecules or as nanoscale tools engineered specifically to regulate physio-pathological conditions or disease progression. Their attributes including safety, high permeability, stability, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and homing/tropism capabilities contribute to their promising clinical therapeutic applications. This review will delve into various examples of EVs serving as biomarkers or nanocarriers for therapeutic cargo in the context of GIDs, highlighting their clinical potential for both functional and structural gastrointestinal conditions. The versatile and advantageous properties of EVs position them as promising candidates for innovative therapeutic strategies in advancing personalized medicine approaches tailored to the gastroenteric tract, addressing both functional and structural GIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Arrè
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS de Bellis, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (V.A.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Rita Mastrogiacomo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.M.); (M.L.C.)
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes (IPCF)-CNR SS, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Bari Research Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Balestra
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS de Bellis, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (V.A.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Grazia Serino
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS de Bellis, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (V.A.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Federica Viti
- Institute of Biophysics—National Research Council (IBF-CNR), Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy;
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes (IPCF)-CNR SS, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Bari Research Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Curri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.M.); (M.L.C.)
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes (IPCF)-CNR SS, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Bari Research Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS de Bellis, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (V.A.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Nicoletta Depalo
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes (IPCF)-CNR SS, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Bari Research Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Principia Scavo
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS de Bellis, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (V.A.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (G.G.)
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4
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Khan S, Falahati M, Cho WC, Vahdani Y, Siddique R, Sharifi M, Jaragh-Alhadad LA, Haghighat S, Zhang X, Ten Hagen TLM, Bai Q. Core-shell inorganic NP@MOF nanostructures for targeted drug delivery and multimodal imaging-guided combination tumor treatment. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 321:103007. [PMID: 37812992 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that metal-organic framework (MOF) nanostructures have unique characteristics such as high porosity, large surface areas and adjustable functionalities, so they are ideal candidates for developing drug delivery systems (DDSs) as well as theranostic platforms in cancer treatment. Despite the large number of MOF nanostructures that have been discovered, conventional MOF-derived nanosystems only have a single biofunctional MOF source with poor colloidal stability. Accordingly, developing core-shell MOF nanostructures with good colloidal stability is a useful method for generating efficient drug delivery, multimodal imaging and synergistic therapeutic systems. The preparation of core-shell MOF nanostructures has been done with a variety of materials, but inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) are highly effective for drug delivery and imaging-guided tumor treatment. Herein, we aimed to overview the synthesis of core-shell inorganic NP@MOF nanostructures followed by the application of core-shell MOFs derived from magnetic, quantum dots (QDs), gold (Au), and gadolinium (Gd) NPs in drug delivery and imaging-guided tumor treatment. Afterward, we surveyed different factors affecting prolonged drug delivery and cancer therapy, cellular uptake, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect of core-shell MOFs. Last but not least, we discussed the challenges and the prospects of the field. We envision this article may hold great promise in providing valuable insights regarding the application of hybrid nanostructures as promising and potential candidates for multimodal imaging-guided combination cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yasaman Vahdani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Rabeea Siddique
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Setareh Haghighat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Qian Bai
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Xiao Y, Hu X, Jiang P, Qi Z. Thermos-responsive hydrogel system encapsulated engineered exosomes attenuate inflammation and oxidative damage in acute spinal cord injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1216878. [PMID: 37614633 PMCID: PMC10442716 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1216878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious and disabling condition, and the effectiveness of conventional treatment is limited, such as supportive treatment and emergency surgery. Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC-Exos) have potential therapeutic effects on SCI but are limited by delivery efficiency. Our study aimed to further investigate the therapeutic effects of miR-138-modified UCMSC-exosomes (Exos-138) following SCI. Methods: We developed an injectable triblock polymer of polyglycolic acid copolymer and polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG-PLGA)-loaded temperature-sensitive hydrogel of miR-138-modified stem cell exosomes and characterised its biocompatibility in vitro. In Sprague-Dawley rats with SCI, the hydrogel was injected into the injury site, behavioural scores were measured, and pathological analysis was conducted postoperatively to assess neurological recovery. Results: In vitro, our data demonstrated that miR-138-5p-modified UCMSC-Exos can reduce inflammation levels in BV-2 cells through the NLRP3-caspase1 signalling pathway and reduce neuronal apoptosis by downregulating intracellular reactive oxygen species levels through the Nrf2-keap1 signalling cascade. The results of in vivo experiments showed that the P-Exos-138 hydrogel promoted neurological recovery in rats with SCI. Discussion: Our study explored a novel exosome delivery system that can be a potential therapeutic strategy for SCI. Our study, currently, has theoretical value; however, it can serve as a basis for further investigations on the treatment approaches at various stages of SCI development in inflammation-dependent injury of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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6
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Fatima GN, Fatma H, Saraf SK. Vaccines in Breast Cancer: Challenges and Breakthroughs. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2175. [PMID: 37443570 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a problem for women's health globally. Early detection techniques come in a variety of forms ranging from local to systemic and from non-invasive to invasive. The treatment of cancer has always been challenging despite the availability of a wide range of therapeutics. This is either due to the variable behaviour and heterogeneity of the proliferating cells and/or the individual's response towards the treatment applied. However, advancements in cancer biology and scientific technology have changed the course of the cancer treatment approach. This current review briefly encompasses the diagnostics, the latest and most recent breakthrough strategies and challenges, and the limitations in fighting breast cancer, emphasising the development of breast cancer vaccines. It also includes the filed/granted patents referring to the same aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Naz Fatima
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hera Fatma
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shailendra K Saraf
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Hazrati A, Mirsanei Z, Heidari N, Malekpour K, Rahmani-Kukia N, Abbasi A, Soudi S. The potential application of encapsulated exosomes: A new approach to increase exosomes therapeutic efficacy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114615. [PMID: 37011484 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is one of the methods that have shown promising results in treating diseases in recent decades. However, the use of different types of cells comes with limitations. The application of immune cells in cell therapy can lead to cytokine storms and inappropriate responses to self-antigens. Also, the use of stem cells has the potential to create tumors. Also, cells may not migrate to the injury site after intravenous injection. Therefore, using exosomes from different cells as therapeutic candidates were proposed. Due to their small size and favorable characteristics, such as biocompatibility and immunocompatibility, the easy storage and isolation, exosomes have attracted much attention. They are used in treating many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, orthopedic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. However, the results of various studies have shown that the therapeutic efficiency of exosomes (Exo) can be increased by loading different drugs and microRNAs inside them (encapsulated exosomes). Therefore, analyzing studies investigating encapsulated exosomes' therapeutic ability is critical. In this study, we have examined the studies related to the use of encapsulated exosomes in treating diseases such as cancer and infectious diseases and their use in regenerative medicine. Compared to intact exosomes, the results show that the application of encapsulated exosomes has a higher therapeutic ability. Therefore it is suggested to use this method depending on the treatment type to increase the treatment's efficiency.
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8
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Ashique S, Anand K. Radiolabelled Extracellular Vesicles as Imaging Modalities for Precise Targeted Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051426. [PMID: 37242668 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (ECVs) have been abandoned as bio-inspired drug delivery systems (DDS) in the biomedical field. ECVs have a natural ability to cross over extracellular and intracellular barriers, making them superior to manufactured nanoparticles. Additionally, they have the ability to move beneficial biomolecules among far-flung bodily cells. These advantages and the accomplishment of favorable in vivo results convincingly show the value of ECVs in medication delivery. The usage of ECVs is constantly being improved, as it might be difficult to develop a consistent biochemical strategy that is in line with their useful clinical therapeutic uses. Extracellular vesicles (ECVs) have the potential to enhance the therapy of diseases. Imaging technologies, particularly radiolabelled imaging, have been exploited for non-invasive tracking to better understand their in vivo activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharat Institute of Technology (BIT), School of Pharmacy, Meerut 250103, India
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
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Xie F, Huang Y, Zhan Y, Bao L. Exosomes as drug delivery system in gastrointestinal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1101823. [PMID: 36761427 PMCID: PMC9905849 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most common malignancies with relatively high morbidity and mortality. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles derived from most cells and widely distributed in body fluids. They are natural endogenous nanocarriers with low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, and natural targeting, and can transport lipids, proteins, DNA, and RNA. Exosomes contain DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and other bioactive components, which can play a role in information transmission and regulation of cellular physiological and pathological processes during the progression of gastrointestinal cancer. In this paper, the role of exosomes in gastrointestinal cancers is briefly reviewed, with emphasis on the application of exosomes as drug delivery systems for gastrointestinal cancers. Finally, the challenges faced by exosome-based drug delivery systems are discussed.
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10
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Sharifi M, Farahani MK, Salehi M, Atashi A, Alizadeh M, Kheradmandi R, Molzemi S. Exploring the Physicochemical, Electroactive, and Biodelivery Properties of Metal Nanoparticles on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:106-138. [PMID: 36545927 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advances in the regeneration/rehabilitation field of damaged tissues, the functional recovery of peripheral nerves (PNs), especially in a long gap injury, is considered a great medical challenge. Recent progress in nanomedicine has provided great hope for PN regeneration through the strategy of controlling cell behavior by metal nanoparticles individually or loaded on scaffolds/conduits. Despite the confirmed toxicity of metal nanoparticles due to long-term accumulation in nontarget tissues, they play a role in the damaged PN regeneration based on the topography modification of scaffolds/conduits, enhancing neurotrophic factor secretion, the ion flow improvement, and the regulation of electrical signals. Determining the fate of neural progenitor cells would be a major achievement in PN regeneration, which seems to be achievable by metal nanoparticles through altering cell vital approaches and controlling their functions. Therefore, in this literature, an attempt was made to provide an overview of the effective activities of metal nanoparticles on the PN regeneration, until the vital clues of the PN regeneration and how they are changed by metal nanoparticles are revealed to the researcher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalabadi Farahani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran.,Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran
| | - Amir Atashi
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran
| | - Rasoul Kheradmandi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran
| | - Sahar Molzemi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, 3614773955, Iran
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11
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Flores-Contreras EA, González-González RB, González-González E, Parra-Saldívar R, Iqbal HM. Nano-vehicles modulated delivery of therapeutic epigenetic regulators to treat Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Sharifi M, Cho WC, Ansariesfahani A, Tarharoudi R, Malekisarvar H, Sari S, Bloukh SH, Edis Z, Amin M, Gleghorn JP, Hagen TLMT, Falahati M. An Updated Review on EPR-Based Solid Tumor Targeting Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122868. [PMID: 35740534 PMCID: PMC9220781 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary One of the important efforts in the treatment of cancers is to achieve targeted drug delivery by nanocarriers to be more effective and reduce adverse effects. However, due to the adverse responses of nanocarriers in clinical trials due to the very weak EPR effects, doubts have been raised in this regard. In this study, an attempt has been made to take a critical look at EPR approaches to enable the convergence of previous papers and the EPR critics to reach an appropriate therapeutic path. Although the effectiveness of EPR is highly variable due to the complex microenvironment of the tumor, there is high hope for cancer treatment by describing new strategies to overcome the challenges of EPR effect. Furthermore, in this paper an attempt was made to provide a reliable path for future to develop cancer therapeutics based on EPR effect. Abstract The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in cancer treatment is one of the key mechanisms that enables drug accumulation at the tumor site. However, despite a plethora of virus/inorganic/organic-based nanocarriers designed to rely on the EPR effect to effectively target tumors, most have failed in the clinic. It seems that the non-compliance of research activities with clinical trials, goals unrelated to the EPR effect, and lack of awareness of the impact of solid tumor structure and interactions on the performance of drug nanocarriers have intensified this dissatisfaction. As such, the asymmetric growth and structural complexity of solid tumors, physicochemical properties of drug nanocarriers, EPR analytical combination tools, and EPR description goals should be considered to improve EPR-based cancer therapeutics. This review provides valuable insights into the limitations of the EPR effect in therapeutic efficacy and reports crucial perspectives on how the EPR effect can be modulated to improve the therapeutic effects of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud 3614773947, Iran;
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud 3614773947, Iran
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Asal Ansariesfahani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1916893813, Iran; (A.A.); (R.T.); (H.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Rahil Tarharoudi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1916893813, Iran; (A.A.); (R.T.); (H.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Hedyeh Malekisarvar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1916893813, Iran; (A.A.); (R.T.); (H.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Soyar Sari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1916893813, Iran; (A.A.); (R.T.); (H.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Samir Haj Bloukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates;
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Zehra Edis
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamadreza Amin
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.A.); (M.F.)
| | - Jason P. Gleghorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA
- Correspondence: (J.P.G.); (T.L.M.t.H.)
| | - Timo L. M. ten Hagen
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.A.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: (J.P.G.); (T.L.M.t.H.)
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.A.); (M.F.)
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13
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Khan S, Sharifi M, Gleghorn JP, Babadaei MMN, Bloukh SH, Edis Z, Amin M, Bai Q, Ten Hagen TLM, Falahati M, Cho WC. Artificial engineering of the protein corona at bio-nano interfaces for improved cancer-targeted nanotherapy. J Control Release 2022; 348:127-147. [PMID: 35660636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been demonstrated in numerous applications as anticancer, antibacterial and antioxidant agents. Artificial engineering of protein interactions with NPs in biological systems is crucial to develop potential NPs for drug delivery and cancer nanotherapy. The protein corona (PC) on the NP surface, displays an interface between biomacromolecules and NPs, governing their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Upon interaction of proteins with the NP surface, their surface features are modified and they can easily be removed from the circulation by the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). PC properties heavily depend on the biological microenvironment and NP surface physicochemical parameters. Based on this context, we have surveyed different approaches that have been used for artificial engineering of the PC composition on NP surfaces. We discuss the effects of NP size, shape, surface modifications (PEGylation, self-peptide, other polymers), and protein pre-coating on the PC properties. Additionally, other factors including protein source and structure, intravenous injection and the subsequent shear flow, plasma protein gradients, temperature and local heat transfer, and washing media are considered in the context of their effects on the PC properties and overall target cellular effects. Moreover, the effects of NP-PC complexes on cancer cells based on cellular interactions, organization of intracellular PC (IPC), targeted drug delivery (TDD) and regulation of burst drug release profile of nanoplatforms, enhanced biocompatibility, and clinical applications were discussed followed by challenges and future perspective of the field. In conclusion, this paper can provide useful information to manipulate PC properties on the NP surface, thus trying to provide a literature survey to shorten their shipping from preclinical to clinical trials and to lay the basis for a personalized PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Jason P Gleghorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samir Haj Bloukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zehra Edis
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammadreza Amin
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qian Bai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong.
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14
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Tang J, He J, Feng C, Tu C. Exosomal MiRNAs in Osteosarcoma: Biogenesis and Biological Functions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902049. [PMID: 35592419 PMCID: PMC9110813 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are a group of non-coding RNA molecules that function in mRNA translational inhibition via base-pairing with complementary sequences in target mRNA. In oncology, miRNAs have raised great attention due to their aberrant expression and pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of multiple malignancies including osteosarcoma. MiRNAs can be transported by exosome, the nano-extracellular vesicle with a diameter of 30–150 nm. Recently, a growing number of studies have demonstrated that exosomal miRNAs play a critical role in tumor initiation and progression, by exerting multiple biological functions including metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance and immunosuppression. In this review, we aim to depict the biogenesis of exosomal miRNAs and summarize the potential diagnostic and therapeutic functions of exosomal miRNAs in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengyao Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Tu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Qiao G, Zhang W, Dong K. Regulation of ferroptosis by noncoding RNAs: a novel promise treatment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2193-2202. [PMID: 35449482 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly prevalent tumor that requires extensive research. Ferroptosis is a unique cell death modality driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation manifested as an accumulation of lipid-reactive oxygen species. With further understanding of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), numerous studies have demonstrated an important regulatory role of ncRNAs in ESCC through ferroptosis, including microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs. These ncRNAs influence the expression of the target gene to regulate ESCC progression by involving the ferroptosis signaling pathway. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of ncRNAs on ferroptosis in ESCC remains largely unknown. This review summarized the current knowledge on the relation between ferroptosis regulators, such as glutathione synthesis/metabolism, Keap1/Nfr2, and p53, by ncRNAs and ESCC. This review also proposed the possible therapeutic approaches for ncRNAs targeting ferroptosis in ESCC. This is the latest and most effective summary of recent research achievements of ncRNAs on ferroptosis in ESCC. These ncRNAs based on ferroptosis merit further investigation in preclinical research of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanen Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Handan City, 25 Congtai Road, Handan, 056002, Hebei, China.
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Handan City, 25 Congtai Road, Handan, 056002, Hebei, China
| | - Kui Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Handan City, 25 Congtai Road, Handan, 056002, Hebei, China
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16
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Long J, Wang F, Zha G, Che K, Luo J, Deng Z. Colorimetric Aptasensor Based on Fe₃O₄-Cu 2+ Nanozyme with Intrinsic Peroxidase-Like Activity in the Detection of Breast Cancer Exosomes. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022; 18:1084-1096. [PMID: 35854455 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Because breast cancer cells such as MCF-7, exhibit vital and developmental signs by exosome secretion, diagnosing them in the blood can provide a good index of the presence of breast cancer. However, accurate and inexpensive detection of exosomes in clinical practice faces challenges. Therefore, in the presents study, an aptasensor based on CD63 aptameriron oxide-copper ion nanozymes (Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs) was designed with the ability of the CD63 aptamer to interact with the exosome and the release of the Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs for peroxidase-like activity on the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). After fabrication of CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs based on hydrothermal method, their physicochemical properties were investigated with the SEM, TEM, DLS, Zeta, XRD and magnetization. To investigate the interaction of CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs with exosomes, the required exosomes were extracted from cultured MCF-7 cells. The performance of CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs on TMB degradation in the presence and absence of exosomes was investigated through UV-vis adsorption and ocular observations based on colour changes on laboratory and real samples. The results show that the absence of exosomes significantly inhibited the peroxidase-like activity of CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs due to the aptamer coating. Under optimal conditions, the designed CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs is capable of detecting exosomes in the range of 1.4 × 10⁴-5.6 × 105 particles/μL with a detection limit of 5.91 × 10³ particles/μL. Also, this method showed a satisfactory outcome in detection of cancer cells in real samples. Overall, this colorimetric aptasensor can be used to diagnose breast cancer cells based on a simple and inexpensive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Long
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Guohua Zha
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Kaijun Che
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Jingfang Luo
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Deng
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
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17
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Chan MH, Chang ZX, Huang CYF, Lee LJ, Liu RS, Hsiao M. Integrated therapy platform of exosomal system: hybrid inorganic/organic nanoparticles with exosomes for cancer treatment. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:352-367. [PMID: 35043812 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00637a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have found that exosomes or extracellular vehicles (EVs) are associated with cancer metastasis, disease progression, diagnosis, and treatment, leading to a rapidly emerging area of exocrine vesicle research. Relying on the superior targeting function and bio-compatibility of exosomes, researchers have been able to deliver drugs to cancer stem cells deep within tumors in mouse models. Despite significant efforts made in this relatively new field of exosome research, progress has been held back by challenges such as inefficient separation methods, difficulties in characterization/tracking, and a lack of specific biomarkers. Therefore, current researches are devoted to combining nanomaterials with exosomes to improve these shortcomings. Adding inorganic/organic nanoparticles such as artificial liposomes and iron oxide can bring more drug options and various fluorescent or magnetic diagnostic possibilities to the exosome system. Moreover, the applications of exosomes need to be further evaluated under actual physiological conditions. This review article highlights the potential of exosome-biomimetic nanoparticles for their use as drug carriers to improve the efficacy of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Chan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Zhi-Xuan Chang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying F Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L James Lee
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, Ohio, USA
| | - Ru-Shi Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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18
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Falahati M, Sharifi M, Hagen TLMT. Explaining chemical clues of metal organic framework-nanozyme nano-/micro-motors in targeted treatment of cancers: benchmarks and challenges. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:153. [PMID: 35331244 PMCID: PMC8943504 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, nano-/micro-motors are considered as powerful tools in different areas ranging from cleaning all types of contaminants, to development of Targeted drug delivery systems and diagnostic activities. Therefore, the development and application of nano-/micro-motors based on metal–organic frameworks with nanozyme activity (abbreviated as: MOF-NZs) in biomedical activities have received much interest recently. Therefore, after investigating the catalytic properties and applications of MOF-NZs in the treatment of cancer, this study intends to point out their key role in the production of biocompatible nano-/micro-motors. Since reducing the toxicity of MOF-NZ nano-/micro-motors can pave the way for medical activities, this article examines the methods of making biocompatible nanomotors to address the benefits and drawbacks of the required propellants. In the following, an analysis of the amplified directional motion of MOF-NZ nano-/micro-motors under physiological conditions is presented, which can improve the motor behaviors in the propulsion function, conductivity, targeting, drug release, and possible elimination. Meanwhile, by explaining the use of MOF-NZ nano-/micro-motors in the treatment of cancer through the possible synergy of nanomotors with different therapies, it was revealed that MOF-NZ nano-/micro-motors can be effective in the treatment of cancer. Ultimately, by analyzing the potential challenges of MOF-NZ nano-/micro-motors in the treatment of cancers, we hope to encourage researchers to develop MOF-NZs-based nanomotors, in addition to opening up new ideas to address ongoing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Falahati
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran. .,Depatment of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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19
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Sanaee M, Sandberg E, Ronquist KG, Morrell JM, Widengren J, Gallo K. Coincident Fluorescence-Burst Analysis of the Loading Yields of Exosome-Mimetic Nanovesicles with Fluorescently-Labeled Cargo Molecules. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106241. [PMID: 35084110 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The possible targeting functionality and low immunogenicity of exosomes and exosome-like nanovesicles make them promising as drug-delivery carriers. To tap into this potential, accurate non-destructive methods to load them and characterize their contents are of utmost importance. However, the small size, polydispersity, and aggregation of nanovesicles in solution make quantitative characterizations of their loading particularly challenging. Here, an ad-hoc methodology is developed based on burst analysis of dual-color confocal fluorescence microscopy experiments, suited for quantitative characterizations of exosome-like nanovesicles and of their fluorescently-labeled loading. It is applied to study exosome-mimetic nanovesicles derived from animal extracellular-vesicles and human red blood cell detergent-resistant membranes, loaded with fluorescently-tagged dUTP cargo molecules. For both classes of nanovesicles, successful loading is proved and by dual-color coincident fluorescence burst analysis, size statistics and loading yields are retrieved and quantified. The procedure affords single-vesicle characterizations well-suited for the investigation of a variety of cargo molecules and biological nanovesicle combinations besides the proof-of-principle demonstrations of this study. The results highlight a powerful characterization tool essential for optimizing the loading process and for advanced engineering of biomimetic nanovesicles for therapeutic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sanaee
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Elin Sandberg
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - K Göran Ronquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
- Oblique Therapeutics AB, Gothenburg, 41346, Sweden
| | - Jane M Morrell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Jerker Widengren
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Katia Gallo
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
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20
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The Role of Exosomes and Their Applications in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212204. [PMID: 34830085 PMCID: PMC8622108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are very small extracellular vesicles secreted by multiple cell types and are extensively distributed in various biological fluids. Recent research indicated that exosomes can participate in regulating the tumor microenvironment and impacting tumor proliferation and progression. Due to the extensive enrollment in cancer development, exosomes have become a focus of the search for a new therapeutic method for cancer. Exosomes can be utilized for the therapeutic delivery of small molecules, proteins and RNAs to target cancer cells with a high efficiency. Exosome-carried proteins, lipids and nucleic acids are being tested as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, even as potential treatment targets for cancer. Moreover, different sources of exosomes exhibit multiple performances in cancer applications. In this review, we elaborate on the specific mechanism by which exosomes affect the communication between tumors and the microenvironment and state the therapeutic and diagnostic applications of exosomes in cancers.
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21
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Diagnostic and drug release systems based on microneedle arrays in breast cancer therapy. J Control Release 2021; 338:341-357. [PMID: 34428480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microneedle arrays have recently received much attention as cancer detection and treatment platforms, because invasive injections and detection of the biopsy are not needed, and drug metabolism by the liver, as well as adverse effects of systemic drug administration, are diminished. Microneedles have been used for diagnosis, vaccination, and in targeted drug delivery of breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in diagnosis and targeted drug delivery for breast cancer treatment, using microneedle arrays to deliver active molecules through the skin. The results not only suggest that health and well-being of patients are improved, but also that microneedle arrays can deliver anticancer compounds in a relatively noninvasive manner, based on body weight, breast tumor size, and circulation time of the drug. Moreover, microneedles could allow simultaneous loading of multiple drugs and enable controlled release, thus effectively optimizing or preventing drug-drug interactions. This review is designed to encourage the use of microneedles for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, by describing general properties of microneedles, materials used for construction, mechanism of action, and principal benefits. Ongoing challenges and future perspectives for the application of microneedle array systems in breast cancer detection and treatment are highlighted.
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22
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Sidoryk-Węgrzynowicz M, Dąbrowska-Bouta B, Sulkowski G, Strużyńska L. Nanosystems and exosomes as future approaches in treating multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:7377-7404. [PMID: 34561918 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system which leads to neurological dysfunctions and severe disabilities. MS pathology is characterised by damage of the blood-brain barrier and infiltration of autoreactive T cells that overactivate glial cells, thereby initiating neuroinflammation accompanied by the formation of demyelinating plaques and neurodegeneration. Clinical deficits in this multifactorial disease depend on the progression of myelin loss, the stage of inflammation, the status of axons and the activity of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Despite significant progress in the treatment of MS, current therapies remain limited and new approaches are highly desirable. Nanosystems based on liposomes and nanoparticles are among some of the more noteworthy therapeutic strategies being investigated. Applications of nanosystems alone or as drug carriers in animal models of MS have been found to successfully alleviate the symptoms of the disease and exert anti-inflammatory potential. Exosomes are a specific type of nanosystem based on nanometre-sized extracellular vesicles released by different cells which exhibit important healing features. Exosomes contain an array of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents which may contribute to modulation of the immune system as well as promoting remyelination and tissue repair. In this review, opportunities to use nanosystems against progression of MS will be discussed in context of cell-specific pathologies associated with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sidoryk-Węgrzynowicz
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Dąbrowska-Bouta
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Sulkowski
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Strużyńska
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Kučuk N, Primožič M, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. Exosomes Engineering and Their Roles as Therapy Delivery Tools, Therapeutic Targets, and Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9543. [PMID: 34502452 PMCID: PMC8431173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are becoming increasingly important therapeutic biomaterials for use in a variety of therapeutic applications due to their unique characteristics, especially due to the ineffectiveness and cytotoxicity of some existing therapies and synthetic therapeutic nanocarriers. They are highly promising as carriers of drugs, genes, and other therapeutic agents that can be incorporated into their interior or onto their surface through various modification techniques to improve their targeting abilities. In addition, they are biocompatible, safe, and stable. The review focuses on different types of exosomes and methods of their preparation, including the incorporation of different kinds of cargo, especially for drug delivery purposes. In particular, their importance and effectiveness as delivery vehicles of various therapeutic agents for a variety of therapeutic applications, including different diseases and disorders such as cancer treatment, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, are emphasized. Administration routes of exosomes into the body are also included. A novelty in the article is the emphasis on global companies that are already successfully developing and testing such therapeutic biomaterials, with a focus on the most influential ones. Moreover, a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods of exosome production is summarized for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Kučuk
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Mateja Primožič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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24
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Zhang C, Song J, Lou L, Qi X, Zhao L, Fan B, Sun G, Lv Z, Fan Z, Jiao B, Yang J. Doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticle coated with endothelial cells-derived exosomes for immunogenic chemotherapy of glioblastoma. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 6:e10203. [PMID: 34589592 PMCID: PMC8459598 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments of glioblastoma (GBM) have not been very effective, largely due to the inefficiency of drugs in penetrating the blood brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we investigated the potential of exosome-coated doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanoparticles (ENPDOX) in BBB penetration, inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) and promoting survival of GBM-bearing mice. DOX-loaded nanoparticles (NPDOX) were coated with exosomes prepared from mouse brain endothelial bEnd.3 cells. ENPDOX cellular uptake was examined. Penetration of ENPDOX through the BBB was tested in an in vitro transwell system and a GBM mouse model. The effects of ENPDOX in inducing apoptosis and ICD were assessed. Finally, the efficacy of ENPDOX in the treatment of GBM-bearing mice was assessed. ENPDOX was taken up by bEnd.3 cells and could penetrate the BBB both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, ENDDOX induced apoptosis and ICD of glioma GL261 cells. Systemic administration of ENPDOX resulted in maturation of dendritic cells, activation of cytotoxic cells, altered production of cytokines, suppressed proliferation and increased apoptosis of GBM cells in vivo and prolonged survival of GBM-bearing mice. Our findings indicate that ENPDOX may be a potent therapeutic strategy for GBM which warrants further investigation in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Lei Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Xuejiao Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Guozhu Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Zhongqiang Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Zhenzeng Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Baohua Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Jiankai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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Li S, Qi Y, Huang Y, Guo Y, Huang T, Jia L. Exosome-derived SNHG16 sponging miR-4500 activates HUVEC angiogenesis by targeting GALNT1 via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 77:667-682. [PMID: 34423392 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests cancer-derived exosomes play an important role in promoting angiogenesis. Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) is known to aggravate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, the function of exosomal SNHG16 in HCC angiogenesis remains unclear. In this study, the expression of SNHG16 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. The proliferative, migratory, and angiogenic abilities of HUVECs were enhanced after exposure to exosomes derived from HCC cells by transmitting SNHG16. In addition, SNHG16 was validated to promote the biological function of HUVECs directly. Exosomal SNHG16 increased GALNT1 expression to promote angiogenesis via sponging miR-4500. SNHG16/miR-4500/GALNT1 axis played an important role in exosome-mediated angiogenesis and tumor growth in vitro and vivo. Furthermore, SNHG16 activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway via competing endogenous miR-4500 and GALNT1. Meanwhile, the expression of plasma exosomal SNHG16 upregulated in the plasma of HCC patients. These data elucidated the essential role of exosomal SNHG16 in communication between HCC cells and endothelial cells. Exosomal SNHG16 could be utilized as a therapeutic target for anti-angiogenesis in HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangda Li
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Qi
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yiran Huang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanru Guo
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tong Huang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China.
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26
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Amini H, Rezabakhsh A, Heidarzadeh M, Hassanpour M, Hashemzadeh S, Ghaderi S, Sokullu E, Rahbarghazi R, Reiter RJ. An Examination of the Putative Role of Melatonin in Exosome Biogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:686551. [PMID: 34169078 PMCID: PMC8219171 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.686551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last two decades, melatonin has been found to have pleiotropic effects via different mechanisms on its target cells. Data are abundant for some aspects of the signaling pathways within cells while other casual mechanisms have not been adequately addressed. From an evolutionary perspective, eukaryotic cells are equipped with a set of interrelated endomembrane systems consisting of intracellular organelles and secretory vesicles. Of these, exosomes are touted as cargo-laden secretory vesicles that originate from the endosomal multivesicular machinery which participate in a mutual cross-talk at different cellular interfaces. It has been documented that cells transfer various biomolecules and genetic elements through exosomes to sites remote from the original cell in a paracrine manner. Findings related to the molecular mechanisms between melatonin and exosomal biogenesis and cargo sorting are the subject of the current review. The clarification of the interplay between melatonin and exosome biogenesis and cargo sorting at the molecular level will help to define a cell's secretion capacity. This review precisely addresses the role and potential significance of melatonin in determining the efflux capacity of cells via the exosomal pathway. Certain cells, for example, stem cells actively increase exosome efflux in response to melatonin treatment which accelerates tissue regeneration after transplantation into the injured sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Amini
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Heidarzadeh
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehdi Hassanpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Hashemzadeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahrouz Ghaderi
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Molecular Medicine III, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Emel Sokullu
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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27
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Guo L, Huang Z, Huang L, Liang J, Wang P, Zhao L, Shi Y. Surface-modified engineered exosomes attenuated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting the delivery of quercetin towards impaired neurons. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:141. [PMID: 34001136 PMCID: PMC8130330 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00879-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of ischemic stroke in the context of vascular disease is high, and the expression of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP43) increases when neurons are damaged or stimulated, especially in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We bioengineered neuron-targeting exosomes (Exo) conjugated to a monoclonal antibody against GAP43 (mAb GAP43) to promote the targeted delivery of quercetin (Que) to ischemic neurons with high GAP43 expression and investigated the ability of Exo to treat cerebral ischemia by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). RESULTS Our results suggested that Que loaded mAb GAP43 conjugated exosomes (Que/mAb GAP43-Exo) can specifically target damaged neurons through the interaction between Exo-delivered mAb GAP43 and GAP43 expressed in damaged neurons and improve survival of neurons by inhibiting ROS production through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. The brain infarct volume is smaller, and neurological recovery is more markedly improved following Que/mAb GAP43-Exo treatment than following free Que or Que-carrying exosome (Que-Exo) treatment in a rat induced by MCAO/R. CONCLUSIONS Que/mAb GAP43-Exo may serve a promising dual targeting and therapeutic drug delivery system for alleviating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixuan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Liang
- Life Science Institution, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000 People’s Republic of China
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28
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Nie S, Lu J, Huang Y, Li QA. Zonisamide-loaded triblock copolymer nanomicelle as a controlled drug release platform for the treatment of oxidative stress -induced spinal cord neuronal damage. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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29
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Almeida S, Santos L, Falcão A, Gomes C, Abrunhosa A. In Vivo Tracking of Extracellular Vesicles by Nuclear Imaging: Advances in Radiolabeling Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249443. [PMID: 33322484 PMCID: PMC7764519 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally secreted vesicles that have attracted a large amount of interest in nanomedicine in recent years due to their innate biocompatibility, high stability, low immunogenicity, and important role in cell-to-cell communication during pathological processes. Their versatile nature holds great potential to improve the treatment of several diseases through their use as imaging biomarkers, therapeutic agents, and drug-delivery vehicles. However, the clinical translation of EV-based approaches requires a better understanding of their in vivo behavior. Several imaging technologies have been used for the non-invasive in vivo tracking of EVs, with a particular emphasis on nuclear imaging due to its high sensitivity, unlimited penetration depth and accurate quantification. In this article, we will review the biological function and inherent characteristics of EVs and provide an overview of molecular imaging modalities used for their in vivo monitoring, with a special focus on nuclear imaging. The advantages of radionuclide-based imaging modalities make them a promising tool to validate the use of EVs in the clinical setting, as they have the potential to characterize in vivo the pharmacokinetics and biological behavior of the vesicles. Furthermore, we will discuss the current methods available for radiolabeling EVs, such as covalent binding, encapsulation or intraluminal labeling and membrane radiolabeling, reporting the advantages and drawbacks of each radiolabeling approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Almeida
- CIBIT/ICNAS—Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.A.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Liliana Santos
- CIBIT/ICNAS—Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.A.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- CIBIT/ICNAS—Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.A.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Célia Gomes
- iCBR—Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CACC—Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (A.A.)
| | - Antero Abrunhosa
- CIBIT/ICNAS—Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.A.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (A.A.)
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30
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Lorenc T, Chrzanowski J, Olejarz W. Current Perspectives on Clinical Use of Exosomes as a Personalized Contrast Media and Theranostics. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3386. [PMID: 33207614 PMCID: PMC7698051 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An appropriate combination of biomarkers and imaging technologies will become standard practice in the future. Because the incidence of and mortality from cancers is rising, the further study of new approaches for the early detection and precise characterization of tumors is essential. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, prove to have great potential when it comes to diagnosis and targeted therapy. Due to their natural ability to pass through biological barriers, depending on their origin, EVs can accumulate at defined sites, including tumors, preferentially. This manuscript discusses the difficulties and simplicities of processing cell-derived materials, packaging diverse groups of agents in EVs, and activating the biological complex. Developing exosome-based diagnostic techniques to detect disease precisely and early as well as treat disease marks a new era of personalized radiology and nuclear medicine. As circulating drug delivery vehicles for novel therapeutic modalities, EVs offer a new platform for cancer theranostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Lorenc
- Ist Department of Clinical Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinskiego Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julian Chrzanowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (J.C.); (W.O.)
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioletta Olejarz
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (J.C.); (W.O.)
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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