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Xu Q, Wang Y, Lian X, Liu L, Shao W, Gu J, Gu L, Yu Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Ma H, Shen Y, Zhang H. Protocol for modulating the noradrenergic pathway from locus coeruleus to heart to prevent sudden unexpected death in epilepsy in mouse models. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102403. [PMID: 37392395 PMCID: PMC10336304 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC) and noradrenergic neurotransmission are involved in the regulation of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Here, we present a protocol for modulating the noradrenergic pathway from LC to heart to prevent SUDEP in acoustic and pentylenetetrazole-induced DBA/1 mouse models of SUDEP. We describe steps for constructing SUDEP models, calcium signal recording, and electrocardiogram monitoring. We then detail measurement of tyrosine hydroxylase content and activity, β1 and p-β1-AR content, and destruction of LCNE neurons. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Lian et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - YuLing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - XiTing Lian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - WeiHui Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - JiaXuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - LeYuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - YuanLi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - ZhuoYue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - HaiXiang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - HongHai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Wang Y, Xu Q, Yu Q, Gu L, Ma H, Shen Y, Lian X, Shao W, Gu J, Liu L, Zhang H. Protocol for modulation of the serotonergic DR-PBC neural circuit to prevent SUDEP in the acoustic and PTZ-induced DBA/1 mouse models of SUDEP. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102129. [PMID: 36861823 PMCID: PMC9975696 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) and the pre-Bötzinger complex (PBC) may play an important role in regulating seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA), the main contributor to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Here, we describe pharmacological, optogenetic, and retrograde labeling approaches to specifically modulate the DR to PBC serotonergic pathway. We detail steps for implanting optical fibers and viral infusion into DR and PBC regions and optogenetic techniques for exploring the role of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT) neural circuit of DR-PBC in S-IRA. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Ma et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuLing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - LeYuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - HaiXiang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - XiTing Lian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - WeiHui Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - JiaXuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - HongHai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fourth Clinical School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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