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Liu QH, Zhang K, Feng SS, Zhang LJ, Li SY, Wang HY, Wang JH. Rosavin Alleviates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injure by Modulating the TLR-4/NF-κB/MAPK Singnaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1875. [PMID: 38339153 PMCID: PMC10856478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality. Rosavin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant phenylpropanoid and glucoside, which is isolated from Rhodiola rosea L. However, its potential molecular mechanisms and whether it has protective effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI remain to be elucidated. To assess the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects and anti-lung injury activity of rosavin, RAW264.7 and A549 cells were stimulated using 1 μg/mL LPS. Rosavin attenuated LPS-induced activation of the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells and inhibited LPS-induced release of inflammatory factors in A549 cells. A mouse model of acute lung injury was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg LPS to observe the therapeutic effect of rosavin. Transcriptomics analysis and Western blot assays were utilized to verify the molecular mechanism, rosavin (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) dose-dependently ameliorated histopathological alterations, reduced the levels of inflammatory factors, and inhibited the TLR-4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway and apoptosis activation. Rosavin is a promising therapeutic candidate for acute lung injury by inhibiting the TLR-4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China (J.-H.W.)
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China (J.-H.W.)
| | - Shu-Shu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China (J.-H.W.)
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China (J.-H.W.)
| | - Shun-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China (J.-H.W.)
| | - Hang-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China (J.-H.W.)
| | - Jin-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China (J.-H.W.)
- State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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Zhao J, Liang Q, Fu C, Cong D, Wang L, Xu X. Autophagy in sepsis-induced acute lung injury: Friend or foe? Cell Signal 2023; 111:110867. [PMID: 37633477 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening syndrome with high mortality and morbidity, resulting in a heavy burden on family and society. As a key factor that maintains cellular homeostasis, autophagy is regarded as a self-digesting process by which damaged organelles and useless proteins are recycled for cell metabolism, and it thus plays a crucial role during physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have indicated that autophagy is involved in the pathophysiological process of sepsis-induced ALI, including cell apoptosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which indicates that regulating autophagy may be beneficial for this disease. However, the role of autophagy in the etiology and treatment of sepsis-induced ALI is not well characterized. This review summarizes the autophagy-related signaling pathways in sepsis-induced ALI, as well as focuses on the dual role of autophagy and its regulation by non-coding RNAs during disease progression, for the development of potential therapeutic strategies in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Zhao
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qun Liang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chenfei Fu
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Didi Cong
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Long Wang
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaoxin Xu
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
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Zhang W, Chen H, Xu Z, Zhang X, Tan X, He N, Shen J, Dong J. Liensinine pretreatment reduces inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy to alleviate sepsis acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110563. [PMID: 37392573 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Liensinine is mainly derived from alkaloids extracted and isolated from lotus seeds (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn). It possesses anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant, according to contemporary pharmacological investigations. However, the effects and therapeutic mechanisms of liensinine on acute kidney injury (AKI) models of sepsis are unclear. To gain insight into these mechanisms, we established a sepsis kidney injury model by LPS injection of mice treated with liensinine, and stimulation of HK-2 with LPS in vitro and treated with liensinine and inhibitors of p38 MAPK, JNK MAPK. We first found that liensinine significantly reduced kidney injury in sepsis mice, while suppressing excessive inflammatory responses, restoring renal oxidative stress-related biomarkers, reducing increased apoptosis in TUNEL-positive cells and excessive autophagy, and that this process was accompanied by an increase in JNK/ p38-ATF 2 axis. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that lensinine reduced the expression of KIM-1, NGAL, inhibited pro- and anti-inflammatory secretion disorders, regulated the activation of the JNK/p38-ATF 2 axis, and reduced the accumulation of ROS, as well as the reduction of apoptotic cells detected by flow cytometry, and that this process played the same role as that of p38 MAPK, JNK MAPK inhibitors. We speculate that liensinine and p38 MAPK, JNK MAPK inhibitors may act on the same targets and could be involved in the mechanism of alleviating sepsis kidney injury in part through modulation of the JNK/p38-ATF 2 axis. Our study demonstrates that lensinine is a potential drug and thus provides a potential avenue for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Huizhen Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, China
| | - Zhaoyun Xu
- Blood Transfusion Department, Ganyu District People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang 222100, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xuelian Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Nana He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jinyang Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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Zhao S, Liao J, Shen M, Li X, Wu M. Epigenetic dysregulation of autophagy in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: the underlying mechanisms for renoprotection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1180866. [PMID: 37215112 PMCID: PMC10196246 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1180866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI), a common critically ill, represents one of the leading causes of global death. Emerging evidence reveals autophagy as a pivotal modulator of SI-AKI. Autophagy affects the cellular processes of renal lesions, including cell death, inflammation, and immune responses. Herein, we conducted a systematic and comprehensive review on the topic of the proposed roles of autophagy in SI-AKI. Forty-one relevant studies were finally included and further summarized and analyzed. This review revealed that a majority of included studies (24/41, 58.5%) showed an elevation of the autophagy level during SI-AKI, while 22% and 19.5% of the included studies reported an inhibition and an elevation at the early stage but a declination of renal autophagy in SI-AKI, respectively. Multiple intracellular signaling molecules and pathways targeting autophagy (e.g. mTOR, non-coding RNA, Sirtuins family, mitophagy, AMPK, ROS, NF-Kb, and Parkin) involved in the process of SI-AKI, exerting multiple biological effects on the kidney. Multiple treatment modalities (e.g. small molecule inhibitors, temsirolimus, rapamycin, polydatin, ascorbate, recombinant human erythropoietin, stem cells, Procyanidin B2, and dexmedetomidine) have been found to improve renal function, which may be attributed to the elevation of the autophagy level in SI-AKI. Though the exact roles of autophagy in SI-AKI have not been well elucidated, it may be implicated in preventing SI-AKI through various molecular pathways. Targeting the autophagy-associated proteins and pathways may hint towards a new prospective in the treatment of critically ill patients with SI-AKI, but more preclinical studies are still warranted to validate this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizho, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maolei Shen
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizho, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizho, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Wu
- Educational Administration Department, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Rao H, Song X, Lei J, Lu P, Zhao G, Kang X, Zhang D, Zhang T, Ren Y, Peng C, Li Y, Pei J, Cao Z. Ibrutinib Prevents Acute Lung Injury via Multi-Targeting BTK, FLT3 and EGFR in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13478. [PMID: 36362264 PMCID: PMC9657648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ibrutinib has potential therapeutic or protective effects against viral- and bacterial-induced acute lung injury (ALI), likely by modulating the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) signaling pathway. However, ibrutinib has multi-target effects. Moreover, immunity and inflammation targets in ALI treatment are poorly defined. We investigated whether the BTK-, FLT3-, and EGFR-related signaling pathways mediated the protective effects of ibrutinib on ALI. The intratracheal administration of poly I:C or LPS after ibrutinib administration in mice was performed by gavage. The pathological conditions of the lungs were assessed by micro-CT and HE staining. The levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and related inflammatory factors in the lungs were evaluated by ELISA, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Finally, the expression of proteins associated with the BTK-, FLT3-, and EGFR-related signaling pathways were evaluated by Western blotting. Ibrutinib (10 mg/kg) protected against poly I:C-induced (5 mg/kg) and LPS-induced (5 mg/kg) lung inflammation. The wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) and total proteins in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were markedly reduced after ibrutinib (10 mg/kg) treatment, relative to the poly I:C- and LPS-treated groups. The levels of ALI indicators (NFκB, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, neutrophils, and lymphocytes) were significantly reduced after treatment. Accordingly, ibrutinib inhibited the poly I:C- and LPS-induced BTK-, FLT3-, and EGFR-related pathway activations. Ibrutinib inhibited poly I:C- and LPS-induced acute lung injury, and this may be due to its ability to suppress the BTK-, FLT3-, and EGFR-related signaling pathways. Therefore, ibrutinib is a potential protective agent for regulating immunity and inflammation in poly I:C- and LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanan Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaominting Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jieting Lei
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Peng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Guiying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Duanna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yali Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zhixing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Esam D, Abdel-Moneim A, Mahmoud B, Abdel-Gabbar M. Role of nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin-19, interleukin-34, and interleukin-37 expression in diabetic nephropathy. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The long-term effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) can impair several organs, including the kidney, resulting in serious health problems. Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a primary contributor in end-stage renal failure worldwide, affects 20–30% of patients with type 2 DM (T2DM). This study was designed to assess the contribution of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-19, IL-34, and IL-37 in the development of DN.
Methods
The study included 160 participants, of which 130 were allocated into the patients with diabetes group, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and patients with diabetic chronic kidney disease (DCKD), and 30 were healthy controls.
Results
The obtained data revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in IL-19, IL-34, and NF-κB mRNA expression and serum IL-6 levels in patient groups (CKD and DCKD) compared with the healthy control group, whereas IL-19, IL-34, and NF-κB mRNA expression showed a marked elevation in the DCKD group when compared with patients with CKD. Conversely, IL-37 mRNA expression and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in both groups relative to the healthy controls, whereas the decrease was markedly higher in the DCKD group when compared with the CKD group.
Conclusion
The obtained results could indicate the potential implication of NF-κB, IL-19, IL-34, and IL-6 levels, along with the decrease in IL-37 expression and serum SOD activity, in the pathophysiology of kidney disease in diabetes. Moreover, designing drugs targeting these cytokines and/or their signal pathways may prevent or alleviate the progression of kidney disease.
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Lactobacillus paracasei CCFM1223 Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice by Regulating the “Gut–Liver” Axis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071321. [PMID: 35889040 PMCID: PMC9319883 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lactobacillus paracasei CCFM1223, a probiotic previously isolated from the healthy people’s intestine, exerts the beneficial influence of preventing the development of inflammation. Methods: The aim of this research was to explore the beneficial effects of L. paracasei CCFM1223 to prevent lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) and elaborate on its hepatoprotective mechanisms. Results: L. paracasei CCFM1223 pretreatment remarkably decreased the activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in mice with LPS treatment and remarkably recovered LPS-induced the changes in inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-10, and LPS) and antioxidative enzymes activities (total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT)). Metagenomic analysis showed that L. paracasei CCFM1223 pretreatment remarkably increased the relative abundance of Catabacter compared with the LPS group but remarkably reduced the relative abundance of [Eubacterium] xylanophilumgroup, ASF356, LachnospiraceaeNK4A136group, and Lachnoclostridium, which is closely associated with the inflammation cytokines and antioxidative enzymes. Furthermore, L. paracasei CCFM1223 pretreatment remarkably increased the colonic, serum, and hepatic IL-22 levels in ALI mice. In addition, L. paracasei CCFM1223 pretreatment remarkably down-regulated the hepatic Tlr4 and Nf-kβ transcriptions and significantly up-regulated the hepatic Tlr9, Tak1, Iκ-Bα, and Nrf2 transcriptions in ALI mice. Conclusions: L. paracasei CCFM1223 has a hepatoprotective function in ameliorating LPS-induced ALI by regulating the “gut–liver” axis.
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Guryanova SV, Gigani OB, Gudima GO, Kataeva AM, Kolesnikova NV. Dual Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Bioregulators of Bacterial Origin in Experimental Model of Asthma. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:192. [PMID: 35207480 PMCID: PMC8879587 DOI: 10.3390/life12020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases, affecting over 200 million people. A large number of drugs control asthma attacks, but there is no effective therapy. Identification of reasons for asthma and preventing this disease is a relevant task. The influence of bacterial components is necessary for the normal development of the immune system and the formation of an adequate immune response to antigens. In the absence of microorganisms or their insufficient exposure, the prerequisites are formed for excessive reactivity to harmless antigens. In the present study, we analyzed cellular and humoral factors in a standard mouse model of OVA-induced asthma modified by 5-fold intraperitoneal injection of bacterial cell wall fragments of glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide (GMDP) 5 μg/animal or 1 μg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) per animal for 5 days before sensitization by ovalbumin (OVA). Preliminary administration of LPS or GMDP to animals significantly reduced goblet cells as well as the number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage, wherein GMDP corrected neutrophilia to a 2-fold degree, and LPS reduced the severity of eosinophilia by 1.9 times. With OVA administration of GMDP or LPS at the sensitization stage, an increase in the total number of bronchoalveolar lavage cells due to neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and eosinophils in relation to the group with asthma without GMDP or LPS was observed. The administration of GMDP or LPS to normal mice without asthma for 5 days had no statistically significant effect on the change in the number and population composition of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage in comparison with the control group receiving PBS. As a result of a study in a mouse model of asthma, a dual effect of LPS and GMDP was established: the introduction of LPS or GMDP before sensitization reduces neutrophilia and eosinophilia, while the introduction of LPS or GMDP together with an allergen significantly increases neutrophilia and eosinophilia. The study of the immunoglobulin status shows that in normal-asthma mice, GMDP and LPS slightly increase IgA in bronchoalveolar lavage; at the same time, in the asthma model, injections of GMDP or LPS before sensitization contribute to a significant decrease in IgA (2.6 times and 2.1 times, respectively) in BALF and IgE (2.2 times and 2.0 times, respectively) in blood serum. In an experimental model of asthma, the effect of GMDP and LPS was multidirectional: when they are repeatedly administered before sensitization, the bacterial components significantly reduce the severity of the allergic process, while in the case of a joint injection with an allergen, they increase the influx of macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils into the lungs, which can aggravate the course of pathological process. Thus, the insufficient effect of antigens of a bacterial nature, in particular, with prolonged use of antibiotics can be compensated for by substances based on low-molecular-weight bioregulators of bacterial origin to establish the missing signals for innate immunity receptors, whose constant activation at a certain level is necessary to maintain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Guryanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (O.B.G.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Olga B. Gigani
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (O.B.G.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Georgii O. Gudima
- National Research Center-Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency, 115522 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anastasiya M. Kataeva
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (O.B.G.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Natalya V. Kolesnikova
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Kuban State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 350063 Krasnodar, Russia;
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