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Zhou ZY, Ma J, Zhao WR, Shi WT, Zhang J, Hu YY, Yue MY, Zhou WL, Yan H, Tang JY, Wang Y. Qiangxinyin formula protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155717. [PMID: 38810550 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease and characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation and fibrosis. The traditional Chinese medicine formula Qiangxinyin (QXY) is effective for the treatment of heart failure while the underlying mechanism is not clear. This study aims to identify the active ingredients of QXY and explore its mechanisms protecting against cardiac hypertrophy. We found that QXY significantly protected against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in zebrafish. Eight compounds, including benzoylmesaconine (BMA), atractylenolide I (ATL I), icariin (ICA), quercitrin (QUE), psoralen (PRN), kaempferol (KMP), ferulic acid (FA) and protocatechuic acid (PCA) were identified from QXY. PRN, KMP and icaritin (ICT), an active pharmaceutical ingredient of ICA, prevented ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in zebrafish. In H9c2 cardiomyocyte treated with ISO, QXY significantly blocked the calcium influx, reduced intracellular lipid peroxidative product MDA, stimulated ATP production and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. QXY also inhibited ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cytoskeleton reorganization. Mechanistically, QXY enhanced the phosphorylation of Smad family member 2 (SMAD2) and myosin phosphatase target subunit-1 (MYPT1), and suppressed the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC). In conclusion, PRN, KMP and ICA are the main active ingredients of QXY that protect against ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction largely via the blockage of calcium influx and inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction as well as cytoskeleton reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China
| | - Jie Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Ting Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Yan Hu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Yan Yue
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Long Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China.
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Yang C, Mu Y, Li S, Zhang Y, Liu X, Li J. Tanshinone IIA: a Chinese herbal ingredient for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1321880. [PMID: 38108067 PMCID: PMC10722201 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1321880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a fat-soluble compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, which has a protective effect against atherosclerosis (AS). Tan IIA can inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory damage of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and improve endothelial cell dysfunction. Tan IIA also has a good protective effect on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). It can reduce vascular stenosis by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and improve the stability of the fibrous cap of atherosclerotic plaque by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation of VSMCs. In addition, Tan IIA inhibits the inflammatory response of macrophages and the formation of foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques. In summary, Tan IIA improves AS through a complex pathway. We propose to further study the specific molecular targets of Tan IIA using systems biology methods, so as to fundamentally elucidate the mechanism of Tan IIA. It is worth mentioning that there is a lack of high-quality evidence-based medical data on Tan IIA treatment of AS. We recommend that a randomized controlled clinical trial be conducted to evaluate the exact efficacy of Tan IIA in improving AS. Finally, sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) can cause adverse drug reactions in some patients, which needs our attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunkun Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shuanghong Li
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Liu
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhao BH, Ruze A, Zhao L, Li QL, Tang J, Xiefukaiti N, Gai MT, Deng AX, Shan XF, Gao XM. The role and mechanisms of microvascular damage in the ischemic myocardium. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:341. [PMID: 37898977 PMCID: PMC11073328 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Following myocardial ischemic injury, the most effective clinical intervention is timely restoration of blood perfusion to ischemic but viable myocardium to reduce irreversible myocardial necrosis, limit infarct size, and prevent cardiac insufficiency. However, reperfusion itself may exacerbate cell death and myocardial injury, a process commonly referred to as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which primarily involves cardiomyocytes and cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) and is characterized by myocardial stunning, microvascular damage (MVD), reperfusion arrhythmia, and lethal reperfusion injury. MVD caused by I/R has been a neglected problem compared to myocardial injury. Clinically, the incidence of microvascular angina and/or no-reflow due to ineffective coronary perfusion accounts for 5-50% in patients after acute revascularization. MVD limiting drug diffusion into injured myocardium, is strongly associated with the development of heart failure. CMECs account for > 60% of the cardiac cellular components, and their role in myocardial I/R injury cannot be ignored. There are many studies on microvascular obstruction, but few studies on microvascular leakage, which may be mainly due to the lack of corresponding detection methods. In this review, we summarize the clinical manifestations, related mechanisms of MVD during myocardial I/R, laboratory and clinical examination means, as well as the research progress on potential therapies for MVD in recent years. Better understanding the characteristics and risk factors of MVD in patients after hemodynamic reconstruction is of great significance for managing MVD, preventing heart failure and improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Amanguli Ruze
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiu-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Nilupaer Xiefukaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Min-Tao Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - An-Xia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China.
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Yalameha B, Reza Nejabati H. Urinary Exosomal Metabolites: Overlooked Clue for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk. Clin Chim Acta 2023:117445. [PMID: 37315726 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, increasing research has focused on urinary exosomes (UEs) in biological fluids and their relationship with physiological and pathological processes. UEs are membranous vesicles with a size of 40-100 nm, containing a number of bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and miRNAs. These vesicles are an inexpensive non-invasive source that can be used in clinical settings to differentiate healthy patients from diseased patients, thereby serving as potential biomarkers for the early identification of disease. Recent studies have reported the isolation of small molecules called exosomal metabolites from individuals' urine with different diseases. These metabolites could utilize for a variety of purposes, such as the discovery of biomarkers, investigation of mechanisms related to disease development, and importantly prediction of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors, including thrombosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia as well as homocysteine. It has been indicated that alteration in urinary metabolites of N1-methylnicotinamide, 4-aminohippuric acid, and citric acid can be valuable in predicting cardiovascular risk factors, providing a novel approach to evaluating the pathological status of CVDs. Since the UEs metabolome has been clearly and precisely so far unexplored in CVDs, the present study has specifically addressed the role of the mentioned metabolites in the prediction of CVDs risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Yalameha
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Lei C, Zhongyan Z, Wenting S, Jing Z, Liyun Q, Hongyi H, Juntao Y, Qing Y. Identification of necroptosis-related genes in Parkinson's disease by integrated bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1097293. [PMID: 37284660 PMCID: PMC10239842 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1097293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegeneration disease worldwide. Necroptosis, which is a new form of programmed cell death with high relationship with inflammation, plays a vital role in the progression of PD. However, the key necroptosis related genes in PD are not fully elucidated. Purpose Identification of key necroptosis-related genes in PD. Method The PD associated datasets and necroptosis related genes were downloaded from the GEO Database and GeneCards platform, respectively. The DEGs associated with necroptosis in PD were obtained by gap analysis, and followed by cluster analysis, enrichment analysis and WGCNA analysis. Moreover, the key necroptosis related genes were generated by PPI network analysis and their relationship by spearman correlation analysis. Immune infiltration analysis was used for explore the immune state of PD brain accompanied with the expression levels of these genes in various types of immune cells. Finally, the gene expression levels of these key necroptosis related genes were validated by an external dataset, blood samples from PD patients and toxin-induced PD cell model using real-time PCR analysis. Result Twelve key necroptosis-related genes including ASGR2, CCNA1, FGF10, FGF19, HJURP, NTF3, OIP5, RRM2, SLC22A1, SLC28A3, WNT1 and WNT10B were identified by integrated bioinformatics analysis of PD related dataset GSE7621. According to the correlation analysis of these genes, RRM2 and WNT1 were positively and negatively correlated with SLC22A1 respectively, while WNT10B was positively correlated with both OIF5 and FGF19. As the results from immune infiltration analysis, M2 macrophage was the highest population of immune cell in analyzed PD brain samples. Moreover, we found that 3 genes (CCNA1, OIP5 and WNT10B) and 9 genes (ASGR2, FGF10, FGF19, HJURP, NTF3, RRM2, SLC22A1, SLC28A3 and WNT1) were down- and up- regulated in an external dataset GSE20141, respectively. All the mRNA expression levels of these 12 genes were obviously upregulated in 6-OHDA-induced SH-SY5Y cell PD model while CCNA1 and OIP5 were up- and down- regulated, respectively, in peripheral blood lymphocytes of PD patients. Conclusion Necroptosis and its associated inflammation play fundamental roles in the progression of PD and these identified 12 key genes might be served as new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Lei
- Department of Tuina, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Zhongyan
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Wenting
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang Jing
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Liyun
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Hongyi
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Juntao
- Department of Tuina, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Qing
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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NAD + Homeostasis and NAD +-Consuming Enzymes: Implications for Vascular Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020376. [PMID: 36829935 PMCID: PMC9952603 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a ubiquitous metabolite that takes part in many key redox reactions. NAD+ biosynthesis and NAD+-consuming enzymes have been attracting markedly increasing interest since they have been demonstrated to be involved in several crucial biological pathways, impacting genes transcription, cellular signaling, and cell cycle regulation. As a consequence, many pathological conditions are associated with an impairment of intracellular NAD+ levels, directly or indirectly, which include cardiovascular diseases, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and aging. In this review, we describe the general pathways involved in the NAD+ biosynthesis starting from the different precursors, analyzing the actual state-of-art of the administration of NAD+ precursors or blocking NAD+-dependent enzymes as strategies to increase the intracellular NAD+ levels or to counteract the decline in NAD+ levels associated with ageing. Subsequently, we focus on the disease-related and age-related alterations of NAD+ homeostasis and NAD+-dependent enzymes in endothelium and the consequent vascular dysfunction, which significantly contributes to a wide group of pathological disorders.
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